CN1079138C - Electromagnetic pumping unit - Google Patents
Electromagnetic pumping unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN1079138C CN1079138C CN97121959A CN97121959A CN1079138C CN 1079138 C CN1079138 C CN 1079138C CN 97121959 A CN97121959 A CN 97121959A CN 97121959 A CN97121959 A CN 97121959A CN 1079138 C CN1079138 C CN 1079138C
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- coil
- power supply
- pumping unit
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- electromagnetic
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an electromagnetic oil pumping machine which is composed of a series of coaxial coils 2, an armature iron piston 4, a skirt type supporting seat 9 and a controlled three-phase rectifying circuit, wherein the coaxial coils 2 are fixed by two semicircular magnetic yoke iron 1, the armature iron piston 4 is arranged in the coaxial coils 2, and the skirt type supporting seat 9 is used for supporting. The electromagnetic oil pumping machine uses electromagnetic force of N coils 2 for directly driving a sucker rod column 7 to apply work, and has no intermediate working links, such as a speed reducer, etc., so the present invention can lift petroleum in a well to the ground surface with high efficiency. Thus, the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, large stroke, etc., can become a brand new oil pumping device in the oil extraction field, and can be widely used. In addition, the principle, the structure, a power supply circuit and a triggering control system of the electromagnetic oil pumping machine are used for making a reciprocating pump in a petroleum ore yard; thus, one similar device has two application functions.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind ofly utilize directly that electromagnetism is power-actuated rod beam-pumping unit a---electromagnetic pumping unit.
World's oil field machinery oil well number is more than 90% at present, and wherein the sucker rod pumping well accounts for more than 90% of mechanical producing well again.Therefore existing oil pumping method is still based on sucker rod pumping, and according to statistics at the beginning of the nineties, sucker rod pumping equipment occupies first place in the world, and wherein China accounts for 91%, and the U.S. accounts for 85%, and the former Soviet Union accounts for about 75%.Sucker rod pumping equipment mainly utilizes motivational drive rod string (polished rod) to pump and pump, but also has minute quantity that rod string rotation driving helical rotor pump is pumped.
The ground surface driving of sucker rod pumping equipment partly is pumping unit, and at present most widely used is beam pumping unit.It is multiple that beam pumping unit is divided into conventional type, out-phase formula, prefix type, gas balance type, rotating horsehead type, multiplication stroke type, two horse head type, pumping unit for inclined and vertical shaft etc. again.But no matter the beam pumping unit of which kind of pattern, they all partly are made up of power engine, retarder, frame and quadratic crank mechanism etc.Retarder becomes the low-speed rotation of crankshaft with the high speed rotary motion of power engine, with quadratic crank mechanism rotatablely moving of crankshaft is become the to-and-fro motion of rope hanger again.Connect rod string below the rope hanger, rod string drives oil pump plunger piston (or piston) and make straight line motion up and down reciprocatingly in pump barrel, thereby the oil in the oil well is given rise to ground.This shows that the characteristics of beam pumping unit are: structure is simple relatively, easily make, maintenance is more convenient, but the long period work in the oil field round-the-clockly, reliability is better; But they need by medium taches such as retarder and quadratic crank mechanisms the rotation of motor to be become straight line motion, thereby the acceleration of horse head point suspension movement is bigger, counterbalance effect is poor, use more medium taches such as retarder and quadratic crank mechanism, efficient is low, volume becomes bigger and heavy when long stroke, uses material many, cost height or the like.As for another kind of non-beam beam-pumping unit, for example chain drive pumping unit, hydraulic pumping unit, pneumatic oil pump, crank-guide blue elephant and rods transmission oil pumping machine etc., drive as beam-pumping unit all also that rod string and pump pump, although type of belt drive and structure are different, its major defect and beam pumping unit roughly the same.
Task of the present invention provides and a kind ofly directly drives the electromagnetic pumping unit that rod string pumps by the motive force machine, and this electromagnetic pumping unit possesses that structure is simpler, efficient is higher, cost is lower, the premium properties that stroke is longer; And still working principle, structure, power source and the control system of available this electromagnetic pumping unit are made into a kind ofly by the power-actuated reciprocating pump of electromagnetism, are used for other field, oil field.
Electromagnetic pumping unit of the present invention mainly is made of coil 2, armature piston 4, magnetic vibrating feeder yoke 1 and skirt support 9.The coil battle array is formed by N coil 2 arranged in co-axial alignment.All coil 2 is surrounded and tightens up by two semicircular magnetic vibrating feeder yokes 1, and two magnetic vibrating feeder yokes 1 tighten up by clamping bolt 3 (making with insulating material).The lining 6 that coil battle array center hole internal fixation one is made by the diamagnetic material (as copper) or the insulating material of thin-walled, armature piston 4 is contained in the lining 6, can move up and down.Armature piston 4 lower ends are connected with rod string 7 usefulness wire rope 5, move up and down in pump barrel and oil is risen on the ground so that piston drives the downhole pump plunger when being promoted by electromagnetic force.Coil array that is made of coil 2 and fastening its magnetic vibrating feeder yoke 1 thereof are placed on the skirt support 9 coaxially, and skirt support 9 is fixing with magnetic vibrating feeder yoke 1 by threaded connector 8, use stone bolt 10 they and ground oil well basic fixed peripherally again.
The used power source of electromagnetic pumping unit of the present invention is 380 volts common or 220 volts an industrial ac power supply, by common rectification circuit and high-power silicon diode (D
1～D
6) they are become direct current, I, II ... N level circuit and I, II ... the power supply that is connected of N level coil at first from bottom to top provides electric current to coil 2 step by step since N level coil.During every grade of coil electricity, will have high magnetic fields to form in the magnetic circuit that the magnetic vibrating feeder yoke around it 1 constitutes, this magnetic field magnetisation also attracts the armature piston 4 of this grade coil below to move upward.When armature piston 4 is pulled to N level coil central authorities by magnetic force,, cut off the power supply of N coil simultaneously again to the N-1 coil power supply.When armature piston 4 reaches N-1 coil central authorities, power supply is again to the N-2 coil electricity, cut off power supply simultaneously to the N-1 coil power supply ... thus and thus reciprocally operation is gone down, arrive I coil central authorities up to armature piston 4, the stroking distance that promptly reaches predetermined oil pumping from after, remove the power supply of the 1st coil.Return the lowest original position by the deadweight of armature piston 4 and rod string 7 then, so that carry out second oil pumping circulation.Move upward to draw armature piston 4 in order to obtain bigger attraction force, armature piston 4 should use soft magnetic material (as low-silicon steel etc.) to manufacture, and makes it have suitably big volume.
Because electromagnetic pumping unit uses electromagnetic force directly to draw rod string translation oil pumping, and need be with traditional rotating motor and middle speed change link and other equipment, therefore its traditional pumping unit commonly used is simple in structure, efficient is high, stroke is long and cost is low, and can round-the-clock reliably long-term work, and make that maintenance is easy.
In addition, carry out other work at a kind of reciprocating pump of the normal use of oilfield.Self there are some shortcomings in the reciprocating pump of this routine, such as also needing fast rotational with prime mover (motor) to become to-and-fro motion than low speed, so the required quality of complex structure, specific power and volume is big, fragile, require cost high, pump big etc. to maintenance; But this conventional reciprocating pump itself has higher efficient (especially when pumping highly viscous fluids), and wearing and tearing are less when the high sand content liquid of pumping.In order to utilize the advantage of conventional reciprocating pump, can use its driving and transmission system instead power and transmission system that above-mentioned electromagnetic pumping unit is used, promptly theory structure and the control system with above-mentioned electromagnetic pumping unit makes a kind of by the power-actuated reciprocating pump of electromagnetism, then can increase throw of pump this moment, thereby improve stream (row) amount of pump.When electromagnetic pumping unit used as reciprocating pump, it can be horizontally-arranged and fixing, regulates control circuit and can change its strokes per minute and make armature piston 4 all be subjected to the electromagnetic force effect in reciprocal process.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structure and the schematic diagram of electromagnetic pumping unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of power power supply and the control circuit figure that Fig. 1 uses.
The electromagnetic pumping unit that Fig. 1 describes comprises the coaxial coil battle array of being made up of N coil 2, these coil 2 available copper or aluminum conductor turn to, the long-pending permitted value of pressing the pulse current density that is passed through of conductive wire cross-section determines that interturn insulation material and thickness thereof are determined by the size of temperature rise and induced voltage.Fastening coil 2 with two that make coil 2 supports semicircle magnetic vibrating feeder yokes 1, need to manufacture, and excellent mechanical intensity should be arranged, thereon N coil 2 of placement in N ring cavity with magnetic material; The clamping bolt made from insulating material or diamagnetic material 3 couples together two magnetic vibrating feeder yokes 1 by fastening screw, makes two magnetic vibrating feeder yokes 1 close up into a cylindrical body; And as transformer iron core, two magnetic vibrating feeder yokes 1 are all adopted hierarchy, to avoid eddy current loss.Lining 6 usefulness nonmagnetic substances are manufactured, to avoid by its carrying-off magnetic flux; But lining 6 should with 4 sliding contacts of armature piston, and play the guiding role.Passive skirt support 9 allows cylinder iron to do very lowly, and the height that lowers it can make the height of whole electromagnetic pumping unit greatly reduce, thereby can be effectively and increase the oil pumping stroke easily.With a kind of novel common and simple industrial control device---programmable controller (PC or PLC), sequentially control power supply to N, N-1 ... IV, III, II and power supply of I coil pulse and outage, so that coil magnetic field magnetization and attract armature piston 4 to move upward, thereby promote rod string (polished rod) 7 and pump.The return of armature piston 4 generally relies on the deadweight of it and rod string to finish, and also reversiblely in case of necessity sequentially provides small amount of current to help armature piston 4 to return the initial position of near-earth to each coil 2.
Fig. 2 represents a kind of pulse power supply of Gong selecting for use and control circuit scheme.Use single phase rectifier circuit also to be fine in principle; But in order to make the three phase network balancing the load and to export bigger power, scheme is to use rectified three-phase circuit preferably.Wherein commonly used is three-phase bridge rectifier circuit shown in Figure 2.The employed power transformer T of Fig. 2
3Be the three-phase ac transformer that general industry is used, its former limit connects into triangle, and secondary connects into star, and six diodes that three-phase bridge rectification is used are respectively D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5And D
6, this circuit can be imported VDC stably for each coil 2.Each coil 2 among Fig. 1 is here represented with electric parameter L and R, is referred to as coil load Z.Fig. 2 adopts crystal (three utmost points) pipe K to make switch, constitutes a kind of contactless switch.The base bias voltage of transistor K is E
b, biasing resistor is R
b, E
bAnd R
bWith base resistance R
kThe base bias circuit of forming phase inverter, its effect are can ensure that transistor K ends reliably when input signal is zero.When by outside certain programmable controller during to transistor K base stage input control start pulse signal, then this triode K is with regard to conducting, have electric current to pass through this transistor collector, emitter and this grade coil L-R, the high magnetic fields magnetization that this grade coil produces also attracts armature piston 4, makes it to rise.Like this, sequentially produce N impulsive current to a corresponding N coil power supply, rod string is promoted to maximum stroke with regard to N circuit of an available common source.Diode D among Fig. 2
0K is provided with for the protection transistor; because when triode K by conducting become by the time coil Z (or L-R) the higher induction electromotive force of can inducting; this induction electromotive force and rectifier power source Voltage Series are got up and will be added between current collection-emitter of triode K, might surpass the reverse permission breakdown voltage of triode K and it is punctured.When if each diode D in the circuit or the rated power of triode K can not meet the demands, the pipe of available same model is to they in parallel uses, and can satisfy the requirement to high power work this moment.
In order to make coil pass through bigger electric current, used diode D and triode K just should be powerful.If with the triode K among bidirectional triode thyristor replacement Fig. 2, the circuit working principle is constant substantially.If provide the pulse of a series of triangles or other suitable shape to do to trigger control signal, will make 4 motions of armature piston more steady by programmable controller.
Required triggering control impuls can produce with a kind of common and simple industrial programmable controller (PC or PLC).Programmable controller is a kind of control gear that designs for the industrial environment application specially, it can sequence control send instruction works with timing, and has very high reliability, generally under abominable industrial environment, can work 3～50,000 hours, what have can work 300,000 hours and fault-free, programming is simple simultaneously, easy to use, very strong input/output interface is arranged, digital quantity commonly used has Ac 110V, 220V to input/output interface, direct current 5V, 24V, 48V and 60V are arranged, and the load capacity of itself is between 0.5A～5A.The most basic control function of programmable controller is to be used for switching logic, thus available it replace relay control device, also available its replace sequence control and programmed control system, therefore the triggering control gear of making electromagnetic pumping unit with it is desirable.
Claims (5)
1. electromagnetic pumping unit, comprise two magnetic vibrating feeder yokes (1), N coil (2), a plurality of clamping bolts (3), armature piston (4), lining (6), the control circuit of skirt support (9) and pulse power supply, it is characterized in that: form a coil battle array by N coil arranged in co-axial alignment, surrounded by two semicircle magnetic vibrating feeder yokes with N ring cavity, coil places in the ring cavity, use the clamping bolt of making by insulating material that two magnetic vibrating feeder yokes are coupled together, each ring-type plate of magnetic vibrating feeder yoke and each coil are staggered and form a hollow circular cylinder, a thin-walled lining of being manufactured by diamagnetic material is embedded in wherein coaxially, the armature piston (4) that can slide up and down and manufactured by ferromagnetic material is housed in the lining, each coil (2) and each subcircuit (I of control circuit, II ... N) output terminal is corresponding connects, control circuit is a kind of three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, comprises a plurality of transistors (K) in it, diode (D).
2. electromagnetic pumping unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: two magnetic vibrating feeder yokes (1) of N ring cavity of described formation are semicircle, constitute the magnetic circuit of each corresponding coil.
3. electromagnetic pumping unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: utilize the general industry power supply to be each coil pulse sequential power supply by three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, power supply circuits are by high-power silicon rectifier diode (D
1～D
6), triode (K), protection diode (D
0), biasing resistor R
bWith base resistance R
KForm the transformer (T of circuit input end and three-phase industrial power
3) connect, N sub-circuit output end is connected with N coil (2) impedance (R-L) respectively.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described electromagnetic pumping units, it is characterized in that: power supply circuits use protecting component diode (D
0), its positive pole is connected with the collector electrode of triode (K) and an end of coil, and its negative pole is connected with the other end of coil.
5. according to claim 1 or 3 described electromagnetic pumping units, it is characterized in that: the input end (R of general industry with each subcircuit of a plurality of output terminals of programmable controller and control circuit
K-R
b-E
b) be connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97121959A CN1079138C (en) | 1997-12-01 | 1997-12-01 | Electromagnetic pumping unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97121959A CN1079138C (en) | 1997-12-01 | 1997-12-01 | Electromagnetic pumping unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1184208A CN1184208A (en) | 1998-06-10 |
| CN1079138C true CN1079138C (en) | 2002-02-13 |
Family
ID=5176574
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97121959A Expired - Fee Related CN1079138C (en) | 1997-12-01 | 1997-12-01 | Electromagnetic pumping unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1079138C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11592018B2 (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2023-02-28 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Surface driven downhole pump system |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2025944B1 (en) | 2007-08-09 | 2017-08-09 | Askoll Holding S.r.l. | Mono-phase syncronous electric motorfor household appliances |
| CN105626489B (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2017-07-25 | 徐毓艺 | Take out oil electromagnetic high efficiency energy saver |
| CN112834963A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 杭州柯林电气股份有限公司 | Power Internet of things data transmission safety monitoring system and control method thereof |
| CN112837913A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 杭州柯林电气股份有限公司 | Intelligent monitor for oil gas abnormality in transformer and control method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4621567A (en) * | 1984-03-26 | 1986-11-11 | Williams James F | Beam pump |
| EP0295734A2 (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-12-21 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Polished rod stuffing box with safety valve for a beam pumped production well |
| CN2057706U (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1990-05-30 | 大庆石油管理局第五采油厂 | Anti-gas device of beam pump |
| US5204595A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1993-04-20 | Magnetek, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling a walking beam pump |
| CN2227214Y (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 1996-05-15 | 杨崇恩 | Chain numeric beam-pump unit |
-
1997
- 1997-12-01 CN CN97121959A patent/CN1079138C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4621567A (en) * | 1984-03-26 | 1986-11-11 | Williams James F | Beam pump |
| EP0295734A2 (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-12-21 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Polished rod stuffing box with safety valve for a beam pumped production well |
| US5204595A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1993-04-20 | Magnetek, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling a walking beam pump |
| CN2057706U (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1990-05-30 | 大庆石油管理局第五采油厂 | Anti-gas device of beam pump |
| CN2227214Y (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 1996-05-15 | 杨崇恩 | Chain numeric beam-pump unit |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11592018B2 (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2023-02-28 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Surface driven downhole pump system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1184208A (en) | 1998-06-10 |
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