CN107912455B - Treatment method for improving germination rate of annual fleabane seeds - Google Patents

Treatment method for improving germination rate of annual fleabane seeds Download PDF

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CN107912455B
CN107912455B CN201711244496.7A CN201711244496A CN107912455B CN 107912455 B CN107912455 B CN 107912455B CN 201711244496 A CN201711244496 A CN 201711244496A CN 107912455 B CN107912455 B CN 107912455B
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seeds
seed soaking
annual fleabane
raw material
ratio
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CN107912455A (en
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吴磊
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Rong'an Langxi Hegu Kumquat Development Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/26—Meliaceae [Chinaberry or Mahogany family], e.g. mahogany, langsat or neem

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a treatment method for improving the sprouting rate of annual fleabane herb seeds. The treatment method for improving the sprouting rate of the annual fleabane seeds comprises the steps of preparing a seed soaking solution, soaking seeds and heat preservation treatment, wherein the seed soaking solution is a plant source seed soaking solution prepared by utilizing plant raw materials and can provide the functions of bacteriostasis and germination promotion.

Description

Treatment method for improving germination rate of annual fleabane seeds
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a treatment method for improving the sprouting rate of annual fleabane herb seeds.
[ background of the invention ]
Annual fleabane Erigeeron annuus (L.) Pers is a plant of Erigeron of Compositae, is used as a medicine by using whole herbs, also named as Aster Latifolius, Artemisia capillaris Thunb, Conyza Canadensis, Elephantopus scaber, Euphorbia lathyris and the like, has sweet, bitter and cool properties, has the functions of clearing heat and detoxicating, stopping bleeding and preventing malaria, and is mainly used for treating lymphadenitis, gingivitis, malaria, dyspepsia, gastroenteritis, hematuria and venomous snake bite. Annual fleabane herb chemical components include flavonoids, terpenes and sterols. The annual fleabane herb is a herb growing for one year or two years, has thick and strong stems, is 30-100 cm high, is upright, and has branches at the upper part; the flowering phase of the basal leaves is withered, the leaves are oblong or wide oval, the leaves are almost round, the lower leaves and the basal leaves are in the same shape, but the petioles are shorter, the middle leaves and the upper leaves are smaller, the oblong leaves are in a needle shape or a needle shape, and the uppermost leaves are in a leaf line shape; several or more head-shaped inflorescences are arranged into the sparse cone inflorescence, and the flowering period is 6-9 months.
The annual fleabane herb is very fine in planting, uneven planting is easily caused when the annual fleabane herb is planted, the annual fleabane herb seeds are prone to scatter before improper operation, the annual fleabane herb seeds grow in the field and harm field crops, in addition, in a planting test, the annual fleabane herb seeds are planted in a direct planting mode, the germination rate of the annual fleabane herb seeds is low and only 51.5%, and a large number of seeds are difficult to germinate.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems of easy scattering in the annual fleabane sowing process and low germination rate after sowing, the treatment method for improving the germination rate of annual fleabane seeds is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a treatment method for improving the sprouting rate of annual fleabane herb seeds comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a seed soaking solution: putting willow bark, ginkgo biloba exocarp, olive leaf, peganum harmala and chinaberry into a drying room, drying in the dark until the water content is 12-18%, taking out, crushing to 100-150 meshes to obtain a seed soaking liquid raw material, adding 85% ethanol into the seed soaking raw material, refluxing and extracting for 2-3 times for 4-6 hours each time, filtering, taking filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure at 50-55 ℃ to obtain a raw material extract, washing the raw material extract with hydrochloric acid with the pH value of 5.5, centrifuging at 4000-4500rpm to separate a lower layer liquid, repeatedly washing for 2 times, washing for 2-3 times with water in the same method, drying to obtain seed soaking powder, and preparing a seed soaking solution according to the mass concentration of 1-1.5%;
s2, placing annual fleabane seeds into a seed soaking solution, keeping the temperature of the seed soaking solution at 22-25 ℃, soaking for 3-5 hours, taking out the soaked annual fleabane seeds, mixing with fine river sand and sawdust, uniformly mixing, placing into an incubator with the temperature of 27 ℃ and the humidity of 80-85%, treating for 36-40 hours, taking out and sowing.
Further, in step S1, the ratio of willow bark, ginkgo biloba seed coat, olive leaf, peganum harmala, and melia azedarach is 40-50: 6-8: 12-15: 10-12: 6-8.
Further, in step S1, the ratio of the seed soaking raw material to the 85% ethanol is 1: 11-13.
Further, in step S1, the ratio of the raw material extract to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 8-10.
Further, in step S1, the drying method includes: drying with 50-55 deg.C hot air until the water content is 2-3%.
Further, in step S2, the ratio of the annual fleabane herb seeds, the fine river sand and the sawdust is 1: 400-600: 15-20.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention treats the annual fleabane seeds by preparing seed soaking solution, seed soaking and heat preservation treatment, the treated annual fleabane seeds are revived, have sufficient water absorption and have the condition of sprouting, the invention prepares a seed soaking solution by utilizing plant raw materials of willow barks, ginkgo episperm, olive leaves, peganum harmala and chinaberry seeds, wherein the willow barks contain salicylic acid and have the effects of improving the germination rate and the bud strengthening rate of the seeds; the ginkgo episperm contains components such as ginkgol and the like, has a bacteriostatic function, and can prevent and control erigeron annuus sprouting and diseases generated in a seedling stage; the low-concentration alcohol extract of the olive leaves has the function of promoting seed germination; the peganum harmala has the effects of promoting the synthesis of chlorophyll of seedlings, improving the activity of peroxidase and promoting the growth of the seedlings; the low-concentration seed soaking liquid of the chinaberry seeds can effectively promote the awakening of the seeds and promote the seeds to germinate in advance. The annual fleabane herb seed soaked in the water-retaining agent is mixed with the fine river sand and the sawdust, has the water-retaining function, is placed in the heat-insulating box, provides a condition suitable for seed germination, and can quickly germinate after being sowed so as to improve the germination rate. The annual fleabane herb seed treated by the method of the invention has the advantages that the average sprouting time can be shortened to 5.1 days, the sprouting rate reaches 96.5 percent, and the sprouting rate is greatly improved.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A treatment method for improving the sprouting rate of annual fleabane herb seeds comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a seed soaking solution: putting willow bark, ginkgo biloba exocarp, olive leaf, peganum harmala and chinaberry into a dry room, drying in the dark until the water content is 12%, taking out and crushing to 100 meshes to obtain a seed soaking liquid raw material, adding 85% ethanol into the seed soaking raw material, refluxing and extracting for 2 times for 6 hours each time, filtering, concentrating the filtrate at 50 ℃ under reduced pressure to obtain a raw material extract, washing the raw material extract with hydrochloric acid with the pH value of 5.5, centrifuging at 4000rpm to separate a lower layer liquid, washing for 2 times repeatedly, washing for 2 times with water in the same method, drying to obtain seed soaking powder, and preparing a seed soaking solution according to the mass concentration of 1%;
wherein the ratio of willow bark, ginkgo episperm, olive leaf, peganum harmala and chinaberry is 40: 6: 12: 10: 6; according to the weight part ratio, the ratio of the seed soaking raw material to the 85% ethanol is 1: 11; according to the weight part ratio, the ratio of the raw material extract to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 8; the drying treatment method comprises the following steps: drying with 50 deg.C hot air until the water content is 2%.
S2, placing annual fleabane seeds into a seed soaking solution, keeping the temperature of the seed soaking solution at 22 ℃, soaking for 3 hours, taking out the soaked annual fleabane seeds, mixing with fine river sand and sawdust, uniformly mixing, placing into a heat preservation box with the temperature of 27 ℃ and the humidity of 80%, treating for 36-40 hours, taking out and sowing; wherein the ratio of the annual fleabane seeds to the fine river sand to the sawdust is 1: 400: 15.
example 2
A treatment method for improving the sprouting rate of annual fleabane herb seeds comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a seed soaking solution: putting willow bark, ginkgo biloba exocarp, olive leaf, peganum harmala and chinaberry into a dry room, drying in the dark until the water content is 15%, taking out and crushing to 120 meshes to obtain a seed soaking liquid raw material, adding 85% ethanol into the seed soaking raw material, refluxing and extracting for 2 times for 5 hours each time, filtering, concentrating the filtrate at 53 ℃ under reduced pressure to obtain a raw material extract, washing the raw material extract with hydrochloric acid with the pH value of 5.5, centrifuging at 4300rpm to separate a lower layer liquid, repeatedly washing for 2 times, washing for 3 times with water by the same method, drying to obtain seed soaking powder, and preparing a seed soaking solution according to the mass concentration of 1.3%;
wherein the ratio of willow bark, ginkgo episperm, olive leaf, peganum harmala and chinaberry is 45: 7: 14: 11: 7; according to the weight part ratio, the ratio of the seed soaking raw material to the 85% ethanol is 1: 12; according to the weight part ratio, the ratio of the raw material extract to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 9; the drying treatment method comprises the following steps: drying with 53 deg.C hot air until the water content is 3%.
S2, placing annual fleabane seeds into a seed soaking solution, keeping the temperature of the seed soaking solution at 23 ℃, soaking for 4 hours, taking out the soaked annual fleabane seeds, mixing with fine river sand and sawdust, uniformly mixing, placing into an incubator with the temperature of 27 ℃ and the humidity of 83 percent, treating for 38 hours, taking out and sowing; wherein the ratio of the annual fleabane seeds to the fine river sand to the sawdust is 1: 500: 18.
example 3
A treatment method for improving the sprouting rate of annual fleabane herb seeds comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a seed soaking solution: putting willow bark, ginkgo biloba exocarp, olive leaf, peganum harmala and chinaberry into a dry room, drying in the dark until the water content is 18%, taking out and crushing to 150 meshes to obtain a seed soaking liquid raw material, adding 85% ethanol into the seed soaking raw material, refluxing and extracting for 3 times for 4 hours each time, filtering, concentrating the filtrate at 55 ℃ under reduced pressure to obtain a raw material extract, washing the raw material extract with hydrochloric acid with the pH value of 5.5, centrifuging at 4500rpm, separating to obtain a lower layer liquid, repeatedly washing for 2 times, washing for 3 times with water by the same method, drying to obtain seed soaking powder, and preparing a seed soaking solution according to the mass concentration of 1.5%;
wherein the ratio of willow bark, ginkgo episperm, olive leaf, peganum harmala and chinaberry is 50: 8: 15: 12: 8; according to the weight part ratio, the ratio of the seed soaking raw material to the 85% ethanol is 1: 13; according to the weight part ratio, the ratio of the raw material extract to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 10; the drying treatment method comprises the following steps: drying with 55 deg.C hot air until the water content is 3%.
S2, placing annual fleabane seeds into a seed soaking solution, keeping the temperature of the seed soaking solution at 25 ℃, soaking for 5 hours, taking out the soaked annual fleabane seeds, mixing fine river sand and sawdust, uniformly mixing, placing the mixture into a heat preservation box with the temperature of 27 ℃ and the humidity of 85%, treating for 40 hours, taking out and sowing; wherein the ratio of the annual fleabane seeds to the fine river sand to the sawdust is 1: 600: 20.
example 4
The treatment method according to the invention in example 2 is distinguished in that the seed soaking solution is replaced by an equal amount of clear water and the remaining steps are identical.
Example 5
Test samples: the annual fleabane seeds treated in examples 1-3 were labeled as samples 1-3; example 4 the treated sample was labeled as a control sample; untreated annual fleabane seeds were labeled as control samples.
The test method comprises the following steps: taking 100 annual fleabane seeds of each sample, testing in a nursery greenhouse in a plantation, keeping the water content of soil in the nursery greenhouse to be 19%, the temperature in the greenhouse to be 22 ℃ and the humidity to be 80%, testing, counting the germination rate and the germination time of the annual fleabane, calculating the average germination time, and repeating the test twice.
TABLE 1 annual fleabane seed test results
Figure BDA0001490517920000051
As can be seen from Table 1, the germination rate of the annual fleabane herb seeds treated by the method can reach about 96%, the germination time is shortened to about 5 days, compared with a control sample which is not soaked, the germination rate is improved by about 23%, the germination time is shortened by about 2 days, and the germination rate of the control sample which is directly sowed is only 51.5%, and the germination time is also 9.5 days. Therefore, the annual fleabane herb seeds treated by the method have extremely high sprouting rate and can greatly shorten the sprouting time.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A treatment method for improving the sprouting rate of annual fleabane herb seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a seed soaking solution: putting willow bark, ginkgo biloba exocarp, olive leaf, peganum harmala and chinaberry into a drying room, drying in the dark until the water content is 12-18%, taking out, crushing to 100-150 meshes to obtain a seed soaking liquid raw material, adding 85% ethanol into the seed soaking raw material, refluxing and extracting for 2-3 times for 4-6 hours each time, filtering, taking filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure at 50-55 ℃ to obtain a raw material extract, washing the raw material extract with hydrochloric acid with the pH value of 5.5, centrifuging at 4000-4500rpm to separate a lower layer liquid, repeatedly washing for 2 times, washing for 2-3 times with water in the same method, drying to obtain seed soaking powder, and preparing a seed soaking solution according to the mass concentration of 1-1.5%; according to the weight ratio, the ratio of willow bark, ginkgo episperm, olive leaf, peganum harmala and melia azedarach is 40-50: 6-8: 12-15: 10-12: 6-8; the drying treatment method comprises the following steps: drying with 50-55 deg.C hot air until the water content is 2-3%;
s2, placing annual fleabane seeds into a seed soaking solution, keeping the temperature of the seed soaking solution at 22-25 ℃, soaking for 3-5 hours, taking out the soaked annual fleabane seeds, mixing with fine river sand and sawdust, and uniformly mixing, wherein the ratio of the annual fleabane seeds to the fine river sand to the sawdust is 1: 400-600: 15-20 parts of; placing into a heat preservation box with the temperature of 27 ℃ and the humidity of 80-85% for processing for 36-40 hours, and taking out for sowing.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the ratio of the seed soaking material to the 85% ethanol is 1: 11-13.
3. The treatment method for increasing the sprouting rate of the annual fleabane herb seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the ratio of the raw material extract to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 8-10.
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