CN107897096B - Mixed culture pond for penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus oramin and mixed culture method - Google Patents
Mixed culture pond for penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus oramin and mixed culture method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107897096B CN107897096B CN201711272742.XA CN201711272742A CN107897096B CN 107897096 B CN107897096 B CN 107897096B CN 201711272742 A CN201711272742 A CN 201711272742A CN 107897096 B CN107897096 B CN 107897096B
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- mixed culture
- culture pond
- perching
- penaeus monodon
- siganus
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- 241000238552 Penaeus monodon Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 241000244126 Holothuria nobilis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 241001274981 Siganus canaliculatus Species 0.000 title description 3
- 241001274978 Siganus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 208000028804 PERCHING syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009344 polyculture Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000728028 Kentrocapros rosapinto Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001495452 Podophyllum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001274189 Pomatomus saltatrix Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000238565 lobster Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-XVVDYKMHSA-N podophyllotoxin Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3[C@H](O)[C@@H]3[C@@H]2C(OC3)=O)=C1 YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-XVVDYKMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/30—Culture of aquatic animals of sponges, sea urchins or sea cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed culture pond for penaeus monodon, sea cucumber and siganus and a mixed culture method, wherein the periphery inner side edge of the mixed culture pond is provided with a slope surface. The holothuria nobilis is put into a retaining cover, and the penaeus monodon and the siganus are simultaneously mixed and cultivated in mixed and cultivated water, and the penaeus monodon bait is fed regularly. Through the mixed culture of the holothurian and the siganus in the mixed culture pond of the main penaeus monodon, bottom mud dirt and water algae in the mixed culture pond can be respectively and effectively controlled, the growth conditions of the penaeus monodon can be met at all times by the bottom of the mixed culture pond and the water, and the mixed culture of the mode provides a better economic culture mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-dimensional aquatic product polyculture technology, in particular to a polyculture pond and a polyculture method for penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus.
Background
Penaeus monodon is commonly called as podophyllum, lobster and shrimp joint, has wide salt character, can resist high temperature and low oxygen, and has weak adaptability to low temperature. Has stronger disease resistance. The individual is large, the shell is thicker, the edible proportion is lower than that of Chinese prawn, the meat is delicious, and the nutrition is rich. The body shell is firm and can be held by hands. The durability of the shrimp after leaving water and being exposed to the air is very strong, and the shrimp can be sold. The Holothuria nobilis selenka has higher nutritive value and medicinal value, and is one of the popular edible sea cucumbers in the south of China. The sea cucumber sediment is a high-temperature resistant and wide-salt species, mainly takes organic matters in sediment as nutrition, takes diatom, bacteria, protozoa, blue algae, porous insects, organic chips of animals and plants and the like in the sediment as food, is a typical sediment food animal, is a cleaner of marine environment, accelerates mineralization of the sediment through a strong ingestion effect, and can carry out biological disturbance on the sediment through an embedding effect, thereby having positive significance for stabilization of benthonic diversity, circulation of nutrient substances and the like. The blue-fish is omnivorous fish, and algae can be used as main food, and practice proves that the prawn pellet feed is also ideal food. Due to the eutrophication of water in natural environment, the growth of algae in the existing prawn culture pond is often difficult to effectively control, so that a large amount of algae grow out of control in the culture pond, further, the malignant conditions such as water hypoxia and the like are caused, and meanwhile, the growth environment of prawns is also less and less good due to pollution of sludge, residual bait, excrement and the like in the water in the culture pond, so that the control of prawn diseases is not a major adverse factor. In the mixed culture pond of main-culture penaeus monodon, the control of sewage at the bottom of the pond and algae in the water body is a problem to be solved in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a mixed culture pond and a mixed culture method for penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the utility model provides a mixed pond of breeding of penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and basket fish, mixed pond circumference inboard edge has domatic, is close to domatic bottom and is equipped with a plurality of and perchs the stake, a plurality of perchs encircle mixed pond edge and set up between each other, perch the stake and include the cylinder and be located the ceiling at cylinder top, encircle still be equipped with in the middle of the cylinder and block the cover, block the cover orientation domatic.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the perching piles are divided into a first perching pile and a second perching pile, the first perching pile is obliquely arranged on the slope, and the second perching pile is vertically arranged at the bottom of the mixed culture pond.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first perch and the second perch are disposed at the edge of the polyculture pool in a staggered manner and form a circle.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a ring groove is formed on the inner side of a ring formed by surrounding the plurality of second perch piles.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, emergent aquatic plants are planted in the annular groove.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a fine sand layer is paved at the bottom of the mixed culture pond, and the fine sand layer is not paved in the annular groove.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the column body of the perching pile is inserted into the sediment at the bottom of the polyculture pond to a certain depth.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: a mixed culture method in mixed culture pond comprises stocking Stichopus japonicus in a storage cover, and simultaneously mixing Penaeus monodon and Penaeus monodon in mixed culture water, and feeding Penaeus monodon bait periodically.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bait is sprayed along the slope bottom of the edge of the polyculture pool.
The invention solves the defects existing in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Through the mixed culture of the holothurian and the siganus in the mixed culture pond of the main penaeus monodon, bottom mud dirt and water algae in the mixed culture pond can be respectively and effectively controlled, the growth conditions of the penaeus monodon can be met at all times by the bottom of the mixed culture pond and the water, and the mixed culture of the mode provides a better economic culture mode.
(2) Due to the edge patrol characteristic of the penaeus monodon, feeding is basically carried out along the edge of the mixed culture pond, so that the penaeus monodon and the siganus are located at the edge of the mixed culture pond for a long time, the residual bait and the fish and shrimp manure are concentrated at the edge, the residual bait and the fish and shrimp manure gradually slide down to the perching pile along the slope, the residual bait and the like can be eaten by the holothurian at the perching pile, and excessive dirt is further scraped into the annular ditch.
(3) The arrangement of the perching piles can provide a good perching environment for the holothuria nobilis, and the annular shape formed by the first perching piles and the second perching piles respectively prevents the sludge at the edge of the mixed culture pond from flowing out to the middle of the mixed culture pond, so that the diffusion of residual baits, sludge and the like can be controlled in an effective range; furthermore, the annular ditch and emergent aquatic plants in the annular ditch can well isolate the polyculture pool into two areas of the middle part and the periphery, the emergent aquatic plants can grow by utilizing deposited sludge at the bottom of the annular ditch, meanwhile, the sludge is stabilized by the root system of the emergent aquatic plants, and the sludge in the polyculture pool can be effectively and clearly obtained by cleaning the annular ditch regularly.
(4) The ceiling provides a relatively stable underwater environment for the holothuria nobilis, provides a certain shading effect simultaneously, provides a negative-preference environment in the growth process of the holothuria nobilis, and the blocking cover can block residual baits and further provides the negative-preference environment.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples;
FIG. 1 is a top view of a polyculture pond of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1. a circular groove; 2. a first perch; 3. a second perch; 4. a column; 5. a ceiling; 6. a storage cover; 7. a slope; 8. a pool bottom.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, which are simplified schematic illustrations of the basic structure of the invention, which are presented only by way of illustration, and thus show only the structures that are relevant to the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a mixed culture pond for penaeus monodon, sea cucumber and siganus oramin is provided with a slope at the circumferential inner side edge of the mixed culture pond, a plurality of perching piles are arranged near the bottom of the slope, the plurality of perching piles surround the edge of the mixed culture pond and are arranged in a mutual manner, each perching pile comprises a column body and a ceiling arranged at the top of the column body, a blocking cover is further arranged around the middle of the column body, and the blocking cover faces the slope.
Through the mixed culture of the holothurian and the siganus in the mixed culture pond of the main penaeus monodon, bottom mud dirt and water algae in the mixed culture pond can be respectively and effectively controlled, the growth conditions of the penaeus monodon can be met at all times by the bottom of the mixed culture pond and the water, and the mixed culture of the mode provides a better economic culture mode. The ceiling provides a relatively stable underwater environment for the holothuria nobilis, provides a certain shading effect simultaneously, provides a negative-preference environment in the growth process of the holothuria nobilis, and the blocking cover can block residual baits and further provides the negative-preference environment.
The stake of perching divide into first stake of perching and second stake of perching, and first stake slope setting is on domatic, and the vertical bottom of a pool that sets up in the pool of mixing of second stake of perching, first stake of perching and second stake of perching set up in mixing pool edge and form the round respectively, and the ring shape inboard that a plurality of second stake of perching formed is provided with the ring ditch around. Emergent aquatic plants are planted in the annular grooves.
Due to the edge patrol characteristic of the penaeus monodon, feeding is basically carried out along the edge of the mixed culture pond, so that the penaeus monodon and the siganus are located at the edge of the mixed culture pond for a long time, the residual bait and the fish and shrimp manure are concentrated at the edge, the residual bait and the fish and shrimp manure gradually slide down to the perching pile along the slope, the residual bait and the like can be eaten by the holothurian at the perching pile, and excessive dirt is further scraped into the annular ditch.
The arrangement of the perching piles can provide a good perching environment for the holothuria nobilis, and the annular shape formed by the first perching piles and the second perching piles respectively prevents the sludge at the edge of the mixed culture pond from flowing out to the middle of the mixed culture pond, so that the diffusion of residual baits, sludge and the like can be controlled in an effective range; furthermore, the annular ditch and emergent aquatic plants in the annular ditch can well isolate the polyculture pool into two areas of the middle part and the periphery, the emergent aquatic plants can grow by utilizing deposited sludge at the bottom of the annular ditch, meanwhile, the sludge is stabilized by the root system of the emergent aquatic plants, and the sludge in the polyculture pool can be effectively and clearly obtained by cleaning the annular ditch regularly.
The bottom of the mixed culture pond is paved with a layer of fine sand layer, and the fine sand layer is not paved in the annular groove, and the sand layer is not arranged in the annular groove because the holothuria nobilis prefers a sandy land environment, so that the holothuria nobilis can be prevented from migrating into the annular groove and the annular groove, and the movement of most holothuria nobilis only at the edge of the mixed culture pond can be ensured to a certain extent, so that the daily management and the later capturing are facilitated.
The column body of the perching pile is inserted into the sediment at the bottom of the mixed culture pond to a certain depth.
A mixed culture method in mixed culture pond comprises stocking Stichopus japonicus in a storage cover, simultaneously mixing Penaeus monodon and Penaeus monodon in mixed culture water, regularly feeding Penaeus monodon bait, and sprinkling along slope bottom of mixed culture pond edge when feeding bait.
The above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention are intended to suggest that, from the above description, various changes and modifications can be made by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (7)
1. A mixed culture method of penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus in a mixed culture pond is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the periphery inner side edge of the mixed culture pond is provided with a slope, a plurality of perching piles are arranged near the bottom of the slope, the perching piles encircle the periphery of the mixed culture pond and are arranged in a mutual mode, each perching pile comprises a column body and a ceiling positioned at the top of the column body, a storage cover is arranged around the middle of the column body, and the storage cover faces the slope;
the polyculture method specifically comprises the following steps:
the holothuria nobilis is put into a retaining cover, and meanwhile, penaeus monodon and siganus are mixedly cultured in mixed culture water, and penaeus monodon baits are fed regularly;
the polyculture method further comprises the following steps:
splashing along the slope bottom of the edge of the mixed culture pond when feeding baits.
2. The method for mixotrophic culturing of penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus in the mixed culture pond according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that: the perching pile is divided into a first perching pile and a second perching pile, the first perching pile is obliquely arranged on the slope, and the second perching pile is vertically arranged at the bottom of the mixed culture pond.
3. The method for mixedly culturing penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus in the mixed culture pond according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the first perching piles and the second perching piles are arranged at the edge of the mixed culture pond in a staggered mode and form a circle.
4. The method for mixedly culturing penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus in the mixed culture pond according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the annular inner side of the ring formed by the second perch piles in a surrounding mode is provided with an annular groove.
5. The method for mixedly culturing penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus in the mixed culture pond according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: emergent aquatic plants are planted in the annular grooves.
6. The method for mixotrophic culturing of penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus in the mixed culture pond according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that: the bottom of the mixed culture pond is paved with a fine sand layer, and the fine sand layer is not paved in the annular groove.
7. The method for mixotrophic culturing of penaeus monodon, holothuria nobilis and siganus in the mixed culture pond according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that: the column body of the perching pile is inserted into the sediment at the bottom of the mixed culture pond to a certain depth.
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CN111387106B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-11-23 | 国联(益阳)食品有限公司 | Novel crayfish feeding method capable of reducing water pollution |
CN112704031A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-27 | 深圳市太丰东方海洋生物科技有限公司 | Seedling raising and breeding method for holothuria fuscogilva |
Citations (5)
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JP2004105129A (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-04-08 | Bio Oriented Technol Res Advancement Inst | Artificial fishing ground |
CN105409848A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-23 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for controlling bacterial diseases by co-culturing Siganus ConcatenaluJ and Penaeus japonicus |
CN106259068A (en) * | 2016-08-07 | 2017-01-04 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | A kind of Holothuria scabra and the polyculture method of Penaeus vannamei tank interior |
CN106665432A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-05-17 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Ecological breeding method for mixed breeding of gold saddle rabbitfish and giant freshwater prawns |
CN207626387U (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-07-20 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | The mixed breeding pond of Penaeus monodon, Holothuria scabra and basket fish |
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004105129A (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-04-08 | Bio Oriented Technol Res Advancement Inst | Artificial fishing ground |
CN105409848A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-23 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for controlling bacterial diseases by co-culturing Siganus ConcatenaluJ and Penaeus japonicus |
CN106259068A (en) * | 2016-08-07 | 2017-01-04 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | A kind of Holothuria scabra and the polyculture method of Penaeus vannamei tank interior |
CN106665432A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-05-17 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Ecological breeding method for mixed breeding of gold saddle rabbitfish and giant freshwater prawns |
CN207626387U (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-07-20 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | The mixed breeding pond of Penaeus monodon, Holothuria scabra and basket fish |
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