CN107883931B - Tidal level correction method and device based on instantaneous water level model construction and storage medium - Google Patents

Tidal level correction method and device based on instantaneous water level model construction and storage medium Download PDF

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CN107883931B
CN107883931B CN201711009326.0A CN201711009326A CN107883931B CN 107883931 B CN107883931 B CN 107883931B CN 201711009326 A CN201711009326 A CN 201711009326A CN 107883931 B CN107883931 B CN 107883931B
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李清泉
管明雷
朱家松
汪驰升
丁凯
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Abstract

The invention discloses a tide level correction method and device based on construction of an instantaneous water level model and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out numerical simulation on the astronomical tide level in a measuring area by using an ocean numerical model to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model containing measuring operation time, then constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model and an instantaneous residual water level correction model according to tide measuring data observed by tide measuring stations distributed in the measuring area, and finally constructing an instantaneous water level model according to the instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model, the instantaneous residual water level correction model and the instantaneous residual water level correction model.

Description

Tidal level correction method and device based on instantaneous water level model construction and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water depth measurement, in particular to a tide level correction method and device based on a constructed instantaneous water level model and a storage medium.
Background
Nowadays, bathymetry has become the central work of sea-path survey, and bathymetry is also the most effective way to make chart and obtain submarine topography change, there are many means of bathymetry, including airborne laser bathymetry and satellite remote sensing bathymetry, etc., however, for offshore coastal waters bathymetry, at present, ship navigation survey is still mainly used, no matter what means, most of the measured results of bathymetry are instantaneous sea level height at the moment of measurement, different water level influences caused by tides of different sizes are included at different moments, different from ocean surveying, in offshore, especially coastal sea area, because the depth of water is shallow, the depth of water becomes the main factor restricting the accuracy of underwater topography survey, and because of shallow water effect, the tidal range of coastal sea area is also far greater than ocean sea area, therefore, in high-accuracy offshore coastal surveying operation, tidal level correction becomes an indispensable task.
The instantaneous sea surface is influenced by tidal effect and has dynamic characteristics, the influence of tide must be eliminated in order to obtain a stable underwater topography water depth value in the course of measuring the sea channel, i.e. the course of classifying the sea area instantaneous depth value onto a stable known depth datum plane is called tide level correction, because the precision of the tide level correction directly influences the precision of the final mapping, the tide level correction is very important for all coastal countries in the world, because the sea area conditions and technical requirements of all countries are different, the adopted tide level correction methods are also different, but the basic principle is that time interpolation and area space interpolation are carried out based on the water level observation information or tide forecast value of a sea area tide station, most of the interpolation algorithms adopt space geometric interpolation, however, when the distribution of the sea area tide station is insufficient or the flow field of the sea area is complex, the spatial variation of the tidal level of the survey area may not match the result of the geometric interpolation, and even a large error may occur.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tidal level correction method, a tidal level correction device and a storage medium based on the construction of an instantaneous water level model, and aims to solve the technical problem that the tidal level cannot be corrected accurately due to less distribution of survey area tidal observation stations or complex change of a survey area tidal field in the water depth measurement of the conventional method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a tide level correction method based on the construction of an instantaneous water level model comprises the following steps:
carrying out numerical simulation on the astronomical tide level in the measuring area by using an ocean numerical mode to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model containing the measuring operation time;
constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model and an instantaneous residual water level correction model according to tide testing data observed by tide testing stations distributed in a testing area;
and constructing an instantaneous water level model according to the instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model, the instantaneous residual water level correction model and the instantaneous residual water level correction model, and realizing accurate correction of the tidal level of the measuring area through the instantaneous water level model.
The tide level correction method comprises the following steps of carrying out numerical simulation on the astronomical tide level in the measuring area by using an ocean numerical model to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model including the measuring operation time, and specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a simulation area, extracting shoreline data of the simulation area, and making a refined grid of the simulation area;
measuring and calculating water depth data of a measured area, and loading the water depth data into the refined grid to obtain a domain condition required by an ocean numerical mode;
forecasting annual tide level forecast data on an open boundary point with the same simulation duration by utilizing a harmonic constant of the tide distribution, and processing the data according to the requirement of a selected mode to obtain an open boundary condition with a corresponding format;
selecting and setting an initial condition before starting the ocean numerical model, and carrying out high-precision numerical simulation on the astronomical tide process in the measuring area to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model.
The tide level correction method comprises the following steps of constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model according to tide test data observed by tide test stations distributed in a test area, wherein the instantaneous residual water level correction model specifically comprises the following steps:
carrying out harmonic calculation on the tide level by utilizing a harmonic analysis principle based on the tide checking data of the long and short term tide checking station distributed in the measuring area so as to obtain a tide dividing harmonic constant;
correcting the harmonic constant to obtain a harmonic constant with higher stability, and forecasting the tide level based on the stable harmonic constant;
and subtracting the forecast tide level value from the actually measured tide level of the tide station to obtain a residual water level value of the tide station, and obtaining a residual water level model in the measuring area by using an interpolation algorithm based on the residual water level values of all the tide stations.
The tide level correction method comprises the following steps of constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model according to tide gauge data observed by tide gauges distributed in a measuring area, wherein the instantaneous residual water level correction model further comprises the following steps:
and (3) extracting a simulation error of the ocean numerical mode and a residual error in the residual water level extraction process, and constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model by utilizing an interpolation algorithm.
The method for correcting the tide level comprises the following steps of obtaining an instantaneous residual water level correction model expression, wherein the instantaneous residual water level correction model expression is R (t) ═ h (t) -MSL-T (t) -delta, wherein R (t) represents a residual water level sequence, h (t) represents an actually measured water level sequence, MSL represents an average sea surface, T (t) represents an astronomical tide level, and delta represents an observation error.
The tide level correction method is characterized in that the expression of the instantaneous residual water level correction model is Ei(t)＝hi(t)-Ti(t)-Ri(t) wherein Ei(t) representing the residual tide level correction value corresponding to the tide gauging station i; h isi(T) represents the measured tide level value of the tide station i, Ti(t) A simulated astronomical tide level value, R, of a tide station ii(t) represents the residual water level value of the tide station i.
The tide level correction method is characterized in that the expression of the instantaneous water level model is Tj(t)＝hj(t)+Rj(t)+Cj(T), wherein Tj(t) is the tidal level correction value at time t at sounding point j, hj(t) is the astronomical tide level analog value at time t at sounding point j, Rj(t) is the residual water level correction value at time t at the sounding point j, Cj(t) is a residual water level correction value at time t at the sounding point j.
A storage medium having stored thereon a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform any of the above steps of a method for tidal level correction based on constructing an instantaneous water level model.
A tide level correction device based on constructing an instantaneous water level model comprises a processor, a controller and a controller, wherein the processor is suitable for realizing instructions; and a storage device adapted to store a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform any of the steps of the method for tidal level correction based on constructing an instantaneous water level model as described above.
Has the advantages that: the invention discloses a tide level correction method based on a constructed instantaneous water level model, which comprises the steps of firstly carrying out numerical simulation on astronomical tide levels in a measuring area by utilizing an ocean numerical model to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model containing measuring operation time, then constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model and an instantaneous residual water level correction model according to tide datum observed by tide stations distributed in the measuring area, and finally constructing an instantaneous water level model according to the instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model, the instantaneous residual water level correction model and the instantaneous residual water level correction model. According to the invention, the constructed instantaneous water level model can effectively realize the accurate correction of the tidal level of the survey area, so that the problem that the tidal level cannot be corrected accurately due to less distribution of tidal stations of the survey area or complex tidal field of the survey area in the prior art when water depth measurement is carried out is solved.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for correcting a tide level based on constructing an instantaneous water level model according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a tide level correction device based on the construction of an instantaneous water level model according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a tide level correction method and device based on the construction of an instantaneous water level model and a storage medium, and the invention is further described in detail below in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a tide level correction method based on the construction of an instantaneous water level model according to the present invention, as shown in the figure, it includes the following steps:
s10, carrying out numerical simulation on the astronomical tide level in the measuring area by using an ocean numerical mode to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model including the measuring operation time;
s20, constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model and an instantaneous residual water level correction model according to the tide examination data observed by the tide examination stations distributed in the measuring area;
and S30, constructing an instantaneous water level model according to the instantaneous astronomical tide number model, the instantaneous residual water level correction model and the instantaneous residual water level correction model, and realizing accurate correction of the tide level of the measuring area through the instantaneous water level model.
Specifically, when the survey area tidal observation stations are not distributed enough or the survey area tidal flow field changes are complex in the prior art for water depth measurement, the spatial change of the survey area tidal level may not match the result obtained by geometric interpolation, even a large error may occur, and the tidal level cannot be corrected accurately, resulting in inaccuracy of the water depth measurement result.
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a tide level correction method based on construction of an instantaneous water level model, wherein the method comprises the following steps: an instantaneous astronomical tide model is built by using an ocean numerical model, an instantaneous residual water level correction model and an instantaneous residual water level correction model are built by using tide test data observed by tide test stations distributed in a test area, and the instantaneous water level model is built by integrating the instantaneous astronomical tide model, the instantaneous residual water level correction model and is used for tide level correction. The invention solves the problem that the existing method cannot accurately correct the tide level due to less tide checking station distribution or complex tide field of the survey area when measuring the water depth, thereby causing inaccurate water depth measurement result.
In step S10, an astronomical tide level in the survey area is numerically simulated using an ocean numerical model, so as to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model including a survey operation time.
Specifically, the astronomical tide numerical simulation is a high-precision numerical simulation of the astronomical tide process in the measuring area through an ocean numerical mode, and the simulated tide number is M2、S2、N2、K2、K1、O1、P1、Q1And M4Nine most important tide divisions are as follows:
selecting an ocean numerical mode: common numerical modes are fvom, POM, ROM, MIKE21, and the like.
Determining a simulation area and grid division: and covering the simulation area with the measuring area, visually extracting the shore line data of the simulation area by adopting a satellite remote sensing image, and manufacturing a fine grid of the simulation area by utilizing SMS software. In the process of calculating regional grid division, the angle quality of the grid is controlled to be 30-120 degrees, the complex shoreline is locally encrypted, the average resolution of the shoreline is about 0.002 degrees, the average resolution of the opening boundary is gradually changed to be about 0.01-0.04 degrees, and the island part in the middle needs to be locally encrypted.
Inversion of the sea floor topography: the water depth data of the survey area is prepared, and the quality of the water depth data has great influence on the simulation precision of the astronomical tide. All the chart water depth data in the survey area published by the naval navigation guarantee department are selected, the water depth data are based on a theoretical depth datum plane, and the datum conversion of the water depth data is required to be carried out according to the interpolation L of the local theoretical depth datum plane and the average sea level provided by the long-term tide station in the survey area. And finally converting the water depth data benchmark into an average sea level. And loading the water depth data into the manufactured grid by using SMS software, and finally obtaining the domain condition required by astronomical tide numerical simulation.
Opening boundary conditions: the open boundary condition is the most important part of numerical simulation. Using M in OTPS program2、S2、N2、K2、K1、O1、P1、Q1And M4Forecasting the harmonic constants of the nine tide divisions to obtain annual tide level forecast data on open boundary points with the same simulation duration, wherein the one-year tide level forecast data comprise the operation time of a measuring area, the time interval is 1 hour, the tide level reference adopts an average sea level, and then the open boundary is made into corresponding format requirements according to the requirements of a selected numerical mode.
Ocean numerical mode initiation: the mode is characterized in that initial conditions are required to be set before starting, cold starting is adopted, the temperature is set to be 10 ℃ (the annual average surface water temperature), the salinity is set to be 35 per mill, a Smagorinsky turbulence closed mode is adopted as a horizontal mixing scheme, the friction coefficient is set to be 0.001, the horizontal mixing coefficient is 0.1, the model simulation time is consistent with the time for setting the boundary condition, the mode outputs results once per hour, and an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model is constructed according to output result data.
Further, in this embodiment, the step S20 is to construct an instantaneous residual water level correction model and an instantaneous residual water level correction model according to the tide gauging data observed by the tide gauging stations distributed in the measuring area.
The instantaneous residual water level correction model is based on the tide gauge data of the long and short term tide gauge station distributed in the measuring area, and the harmonic analysis principle is utilized to carry out harmonic calculation on the tide level so as to obtain a tide-dividing harmonic constant; correcting the harmonic constant by using a correlation algorithm to obtain a harmonic constant with higher stability; forecasting the tide level based on the stable harmonic constant so as to obtain a forecast tide level; finally, subtracting the forecast tide level value from the actually measured tide level of the tide station to obtain the residual water level value of the tide station; and then based on the residual water level values of all the tide stations, obtaining a residual water level model in the measuring area by using an adaptive interpolation algorithm.
Specifically, the residual water level refers to a short-term water level abnormal phenomenon caused by sea surface disturbance due to short-period random meteorological factors such as wind, air pressure and precipitation, and the mathematical expression can be listed as follows: r (t) ═ h (t) — MSL-t (t) — Δ equation (1), where r (t) represents the sequence of residual water levels, h (t) represents the sequence of measured water levels, MSL represents the average sea level, t (t) represents the astronomical tide level, and Δ represents the observation error (negligible). MSL and T (t) are obtained by harmonic analysis of the measured water level. Although an explicit function model of the residual water level part with signal characteristics cannot be determined, the residual water level part has a more gradual change law in a spatial scale than the tide due to strong spatial correlation of the residual water level at the offshore and coastal areas, and the reconstruction of the residual water level spatial field can be realized by a proper method.
1) And the tide-dividing harmonic constant calculation method comprises the following steps: the tide generated by the tide level under the action of the tidal force of celestial bodies such as moon and sun can be expressed by the superposition form of a plurality of cosine terms, wherein each cosine term represents a partial tide, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001445137700000091
Figure BDA0001445137700000092
in the formula: a is0Represents mean sea level, m representsNumber of partial tides, aj＝fjHjcos[gj-(v0+u)j],bj＝fjHjsin[gj-(v0+u)j]，fjRepresenting the node factor, σjShows the angular velocity of the partial tide, (v)0+u)jDenotes the initial phase of partial tide, t denotes the instantaneous time, Hj、gjNamely the tide-dividing harmonic constant. The harmonic analysis is an algorithm to approximate the actual tide level ζ (t). And selecting the middle moment corresponding to the observation time period as the time origin of calculation. According to the least squares principle, it is necessary to make:
Figure BDA0001445137700000093
when D is the minimum, the coefficient a is determinedj，bj. When 369 days of data are taken as analysis, T is 8856 hours.
Substituting the formula (2) into the formula (3) to obtain:
Figure BDA0001445137700000094
Figure BDA0001445137700000095
the continuous variable is integrated and replaced by a discretized observation, where T ═ K Δ T ═ K (typically 1 hour), then K ═ N, -N +1, …, 0, … N-1, N, and if 369 days, then T ═ 369 ═ 24 ═ 8856 ═ 2N, so N ═ 4428, 2N +1 ═ 8857. For convenience, the first term and the last term are respectively half taken in the following summation, which is based on the meaning of the least square method without loss of generality.
For convenience, handle a0As a special tide separation treatment with an angular rate of zero. When the first and last terms are each taken in half, equation (4) can be written as:
Figure BDA0001445137700000096
Figure BDA0001445137700000097
based on the principle of least squaresD to aj，bjAnd is made equal to zero, resulting in equation (6):
Figure BDA0001445137700000101
m is the total number of the partial tides, and sigma represents that the head term and the tail term are respectively half taken during the summation. Meanwhile, because of equation (7): sigma sin sigmajkcosσjk＝∑cosσjksinσjk is 0; equation (6) can be written as:
Figure BDA0001445137700000102
Figure BDA0001445137700000103
Figure BDA0001445137700000104
Figure BDA0001445137700000105
the obtained coefficients are substituted into the formula (6), and two symmetric equation sets can be obtained. For the previous equation set, m +1 equations can be solved0，a1，…，amThe latter system of equations has m equations, b can be solved0，b1，…，bm。
After finding a and b, we can calculate R and θ according to the following equation:
Figure BDA0001445137700000106
after R and theta are obtained, f, V are calculated from the time of the intermediate date0+ u, and the harmonic constants H, g can be obtained.
2) And carrying out tide level forecast according to the harmonic constant: an algorithm for finding the harmonic constant of each partial tide using tide harmonic analysis is described above. And (4) forecasting the tide level at any time by using the obtained tide distribution and reconciliation constant.
Figure BDA0001445137700000111
Figure BDA0001445137700000112
Wherein m is the number of the tide divisions, and f is a node factor for forecasting the day tide division; (V)0+ u) is the greenwich mean time initial phase angle for forecasting the daily tide; a. the0Is the annual average sea surface or the height of the annual average sea surface.
3) And an instantaneous residual water level correction model: as can be seen from equation (1), the accuracy of extracting the remaining water level depends on the accuracy of the astronomical tide level. The astronomical tide level is obtained according to the forecast of the tide dividing and regulating constant of the tide checking station, so that the stability of the tide dividing and regulating constant determines the extraction precision of the residual water level. In actual water depth measurement operation, only some short-term tide level data of long-term tide level stations are usually available, or some short-term tide level stations are laid by a constructor to be used for tide level observation, however, the harmonic constant obtained by directly carrying out harmonic analysis on the short-term tide level data is often lower in precision. Therefore, the following two remaining water level extraction methods are adopted to effectively solve the problem.
(1) Short term station residual water level extraction with stable harmonic constants
According to the research on the stability of the harmonic constant, the harmonic constant obtained by using annual tide level data (carried out every hour) harmonic analysis has excellent stability. Therefore, for the unified site having the tide level observation data of a whole year and the tide level observation data of a month at other time, a stable harmonic constant can be obtained through the tide level harmonic analysis of the year, then the stable harmonic constant is utilized to carry out water level prediction on the short-term station observation time period, and finally the predicted water level value is subtracted from the water level value of the actual measurement time period, and the formula is as follows: r (T) ═ h (T) -MSL-TL(T) equation (14), where h (T) represents the short-term measured tidal level data, MSL represents the mean sea level at that point, TL(t) represents a forecast water level value obtained by forecasting the water level with a stable harmonic constant.
(2) Short term station residual water level extraction without stable harmonic constants
The observation data of one month tide level is called as middle-term observation data, and can only ensureThe basic period of tidal change is met, the result obtained by harmonic analysis of the annual observed data has obvious deviation, and meanwhile, the deviation has certain correlation between adjacent tide checking stations which are observed synchronously. Based on this correlation, the resulting harmonic constants for the short term tidal stations involved are improved.
Figure BDA0001445137700000121
Wherein H, g are the amplitude and the lag angle of the tide under study respectively; the second subscripts m and L represent the monthly and yearly data analysis results, respectively. And the tide station B to be corrected has the same variation expression:
Figure BDA0001445137700000122
Figure BDA0001445137700000123
assume that the results of the data reconciliation analysis at both sites are equal to the results of the multi-year or year-round analysis, i.e.: Δ HAm＝ΔHBm，ΔgAm＝ΔgBm(ii) a According to equations (15) and (16) there are:
Figure BDA0001445137700000124
wherein, A is a tide level long-term observation station, and B is a tide level short-term observation station.
The algorithm is used for refining the tide-dividing harmonic constant obtained from the tide level data in the short period, so that an accurate result is obtained. And then, the corrected result is used for forecasting the water level to extract the residual water level, and the formula is as follows:
R(t)＝h(t)-MSL-Tm(T) formula (18), wherein h (T) represents the tide level data of the short term tidal station, MSL represents the mean sea level, Tm(t (indicating the corrected harmonic constant resulting forecast water level).
According to the two residual water level extraction algorithms, the correction value sequences of the tide gauging stations can be obtained by using an inverse distance weighting formula as follows:
Figure BDA0001445137700000125
Figure BDA0001445137700000126
wherein R isj(t) is the residual water level correction value at time t at point j, Ri(t) representing the residual water level correction value extracted at the time t of the tide station i; j is the spatial position of the sounding point, and i is the serial number of the tide station; lambda [ alpha ]iIs the weight of the tide station i at the time t at the sounding point j of the water level H, and p represents an index value.
Still further, in this embodiment, the step S20 further includes:
and (4) extracting the simulation error of the mode and the residual error in the residual water level extraction process, and constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model by utilizing an interpolation algorithm.
Specifically, the residual water level error includes a simulation error of the pattern itself and a residual error component in the residual water level extraction process. The residual water level error comprises errors with certain spatial correlation, and nonlinear errors exist. The calculation formula of the remaining water level is as follows: ei(t)＝hi(t)-Ti(t)-Ri(t) formula (21), wherein Ei(t) representing the residual tide level correction value corresponding to the tide gauging station i; h isi(T) represents the measured tide level value of the tide station i, Ti(t) A simulated astronomical tide level value, R, of a tide station iiAnd (t) represents the residual water level value of the tide station i.
Because of the linear error in the residual water level, a stable error sequence exists in the whole measuring area. And (4) carrying out relational analysis on the residual water level values of the tide checking stations in the measuring area to obtain the correlation coefficient among the tide checking stations.
Figure BDA0001445137700000131
Where ρ represents a characteristic value of the linearly dependent osculating degree between variables X and Y.
For the interpolation of the remaining water level, the more common improved time difference method water level interpolation method is used:
Figure BDA0001445137700000132
Figure BDA0001445137700000133
Figure BDA0001445137700000134
Figure BDA0001445137700000141
formula (23), wherein Cj(t) residual water level correction value, μ, at time t at sounding point jiIs the weight value of the correlation coefficient of the tide station ijAnd (t) performing a water level interpolation algorithm between the tide station j and the most relevant tide station. DABFor A, B two tide stations in the time difference method, DABIs a distance between A, B, DAj、DBjDistance between two stations of depth measuring point j and A, B, SA(t)、SB(t) A, B Water level sequence for two stations, Δ tAB(t) A, B time difference sequence of two stations, Δ tAj(t)、ΔtBjAnd (t) is a time difference sequence of two stations from the sounding point j to A, B. The time difference method is mainly used for improving the model by changing A, B time difference of two stations to have instantaneity so as to better reflect the error change of the residual water level.
And (3) constructing an instantaneous water level model by integrating the instantaneous astronomical tide model, the instantaneous residual water level correction model and the instantaneous residual water level correction model, and obtaining an instantaneous water level model of the measuring area: t isj(t)＝hj(t)+Rj(t)+Cj(T) formula (25) wherein Tj(t) is the tidal level correction value at time t at sounding point j, hj(t) is the astronomical tide level analog value at time t at sounding point j, Rj(t) is the residual water level correction value at time t at the sounding point j, Cj(t) is a residual water level correction value at time t at the sounding point j.
The instantaneous water level model constructed by the invention can effectively realize the accurate correction of the tidal level of the survey area to obtain accurate water depth measurement data, thereby solving the problem that the tidal level can not be corrected accurately due to less distribution of tidal test stations of the survey area or complex tidal current field of the survey area when the water depth measurement is carried out in the prior art.
Based on the above method, the present invention further provides a storage medium having stored therein a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform any of the above steps based on a method of tidal level correction for constructing an instantaneous water level model.
Still further, the present invention provides a tidal level correction apparatus based on constructing an instantaneous water level model, wherein, as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus comprises a processor 10 adapted to implement instructions; and a storage device 20 adapted to store a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by the processor 10 and to perform the steps of any of the above-described tidal level correction methods based on constructing an instantaneous water level model.
In summary, the invention discloses a tide level correction method based on a constructed instantaneous water level model, which comprises the steps of firstly carrying out numerical simulation on astronomical tide levels in a measuring area by utilizing an ocean numerical model to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model containing measuring operation time, then constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model and an instantaneous residual water level correction model according to tide test data observed by tide test stations distributed in the measuring area, and finally constructing an instantaneous water level model according to the instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model, the instantaneous residual water level correction model and the instantaneous residual water level correction model. According to the invention, the constructed instantaneous water level model can effectively realize the accurate correction of the tidal level of the survey area, so that the problem that the tidal level cannot be corrected accurately due to less distribution of tidal stations of the survey area or complex tidal field of the survey area in the prior art when water depth measurement is carried out is solved.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A tide level correction method based on the construction of an instantaneous water level model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out numerical simulation on the astronomical tide level in the measuring area by using an ocean numerical mode to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model containing the measuring operation time;
constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model and an instantaneous residual water level correction model according to tide testing data observed by tide testing stations distributed in a testing area;
constructing an instantaneous water level model according to the instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model, the instantaneous residual water level correction model and the instantaneous residual water level correction model, and realizing accurate correction of the tide level of the measuring area through the instantaneous water level model;
the step of constructing the instantaneous residual water level correction model according to the tide gauge data observed by the tide gauge station distributed in the measuring area further comprises the following steps: extracting a simulation error of the ocean numerical mode and a residual error in the residual water level extraction process, and constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model by utilizing an interpolation algorithm; the expression of the instantaneous residual water level correction model is Ei(t)＝hi(t)-Ti(t)-Ri(t) wherein Ei(t) representing the residual tide level correction value corresponding to the tide gauging station i; h isi(T) represents the measured tide level value of the tide station i, Ti(t) A simulated astronomical tide level value, R, of a tide station ii(t) represents the residual water level value of the tide station i.
2. The tide level correction method according to claim 1, wherein the step of numerically simulating the astronomical tide level in the measurement area by using an ocean numerical model to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model including the measurement operation time comprises:
determining a simulation area, extracting shoreline data of the simulation area, and making a refined grid of the simulation area;
measuring and calculating water depth data of a measured area, and loading the water depth data into the refined grid to obtain a domain condition required by an ocean numerical mode;
forecasting annual tide level forecast data on an open boundary point with the same simulation duration by utilizing a harmonic constant of the tide distribution, and processing the data according to the requirement of a selected mode to obtain an open boundary condition with a corresponding format;
selecting and setting an initial condition before starting the ocean numerical model, and carrying out high-precision numerical simulation on the astronomical tide process in the measuring area to obtain an instantaneous astronomical tide numerical model.
3. The tide level correction method according to claim 1, wherein the step of constructing an instantaneous residual water level correction model based on tide gauging data observed by tide gauging stations distributed in a measuring area specifically comprises:
carrying out harmonic calculation on the tide level by utilizing a harmonic analysis principle based on the tide checking data of the long and short term tide checking station distributed in the measuring area so as to obtain a tide dividing harmonic constant;
correcting the harmonic constant to obtain a harmonic constant with higher stability, and forecasting the tide level based on the stable harmonic constant;
and subtracting the forecast tide level value from the actually measured tide level of the tide station to obtain a residual water level value of the tide station, and obtaining a residual water level model in the measuring area by using an interpolation algorithm based on the residual water level values of all the tide stations.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the instantaneous residual water level correction model expression is r (t) ═ h (t) -MSL-t (t) - Δ, where r (t) represents a residual water level sequence, h (t) represents a measured water level sequence, MSL represents an average sea level, t (t) represents an astronomical tide level, and Δ represents an observation error.
5. The tide level correction method of claim 1, wherein the instantaneous water level model expression is Tj(t)＝hj(t)+Rj(t)+Cj(T), wherein Tj(t) is the tidal level correction value at time t at sounding point j, hj(t) is the astronomical tide level analog value at time t at sounding point j, Rj(t) is the residual water level correction value at time t at the sounding point j, Cj(t) is a residual water level correction value at time t at the sounding point j.
6. A storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the steps of any of claims 1-5 based on a method of tidal level correction that constructs a model of instantaneous water level.
7. A tide level correction device based on a constructed instantaneous water level model is characterized by comprising a processor, a controller and a controller, wherein the processor is suitable for realizing instructions; and a storage device adapted to store a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the steps of the method of tidal level correction based on constructing an instantaneous water level model according to any of claims 1 to 5.
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