CN109033494B - Coastal remote area tide level calculation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a coastal remote area tide level calculating method, and relates to the technical field of ocean engineering hydrology. According to the tide level calculation method, firstly, actual measurement data of tide stations are collected, tide analysis is conducted on the tide level data of a plurality of tide stations to obtain harmonic constants of each tide station, the harmonic constants are utilized to refine the tide model to obtain a refined tide model, temporary tide stations of the appointed area in the coastal remote area are distributed according to the obtained refined tide model, the temporary tide stations of the appointed area can control the tide level change of the appointed area, and then residual water level correction or tide level correction calculation is conducted according to the tide level data of the long-term tide stations, the tide level data collected by the temporary tide stations of the appointed area or the tide level data calculated by the refined tide model of the appointed area. The tide level calculating method solves the problem that effective tide level information cannot be obtained when a construction area is far away from the coast.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering hydrology, in particular to a coastal remote area tide level calculation method.
Background
Ocean is an important energy resource and resource treasury, and along with the development of economy and deep understanding of ocean resources, the development of ocean activities frequently occurs. At present, the development of the ocean begins to extend to islands and continental frames, such as large island port engineering, continental frame oil and gas field platform construction, pipeline laying, port channel dredging and the like, and more occur in open sea areas. The demands on marine engineering hydrology by the construction of offshore ocean engineering are continually increasing.
Construction in coastal remote sea areas is indispensable for tide level information. The tide station is generally arranged on the coast side, and has a specific effective control range according to the difference of the coast seabed topography, tide wave distribution, power process and the like. The effective control range of the tide station is currently not provided with an accurate theoretical calculation formula, and is generally determined empirically. When the construction area is far away from the coast and is not within the effective control range of the tide station, effective tide level data cannot be obtained in the area through a general method.
In response to the above problems, a method is generally adopted at present to arrange a temporary fixed-point tide station on the sea in a construction area according to experience encryption. The common marine temporary tide station mainly comprises a shipborne GPS buoy tide gauge, a submerged calibration point tide gauge, a shipborne depth measurement tide gauge and the like. The temporary fixed-point tide station on the sea can only provide post tide level, and can not meet the requirement of real-time tide level forecasting in a coastal remote construction area.
Another method is currently to calculate the tide level in a coastal remote construction area by a global tide model generated by satellite altimetry technology or the like. However, in this method, the accuracy of the global tide model in coastal tide level forecast is generally insufficient for the corresponding construction requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coastal remote area tide level calculation method, which aims to solve the problem that effective tide level data cannot be obtained in an area when the construction area is far away from the coast and is not in the effective control range of a tide station.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a coastal remote area tide level estimating method, comprising the steps of:
s1: collecting actual measurement data of tide stations, and under the control of the long-term tide station data, carrying out tide analysis on the tide level data of a plurality of tide stations to obtain a harmonic constant of each tide station;
s2: the method comprises the steps that (1) the precision evaluation is carried out on a tide model by utilizing the harmonic constant of the tide testing station, if the tide dividing comprehensive forecasting precision index of the tide model cannot reach the standard, the tide testing station data, the shoreline and the seabed topography data of the coastal remote area are used for correcting the tide model to obtain a refined tide model with the standard precision;
s3: according to the refined tide model reaching the standard in the S2, a temporary tide station of a designated area in a coastal remote area is arranged, so that the temporary tide station of the designated area can control the tide level change of the whole designated area, and tide level data are collected through the temporary tide station of the designated area;
s4: and (3) carrying out residual water level correction or tide level correction according to the tide level data of the long-term tide station in the step (S1), the tide level data collected by the temporary tide station in the appointed area in the step (S3) or the tide level data calculated by the refined tide model, and calculating the tide level of the measured point of the appointed area.
Optionally, before the tide analysis and calculation of the real-time tide level in S4, the depth reference of each tide station can also be obtained according to an average sea level model and a theoretical depth reference model.
Optionally, the tide model, the mean sea level model and the theoretical depth reference model are obtained by calculating tide level data of a tide station and the global tide model, the global mean sea level model and the global theoretical depth reference model.
Optionally, the step S3 specifically includes: and statistically analyzing the propagation speed and direction of the divided tide wave and a combined tide level forecast test of a plurality of divided tide waves for a plurality of years according to the refined tide model to obtain a temporary tide station layout rule of a designated area in the coastal remote area under the requirement of a sea channel measurement standard index, and layout the temporary tide station of the designated area according to the layout rule of the temporary tide station.
Optionally, the tidal analysis in S1 adopts a least square harmonic analysis method and a spectrum analysis method, and the obtained harmonic constant takes average value data of a result obtained by the least square harmonic analysis method and a result obtained by the spectrum analysis method.
Optionally, the method for estimating the tide level includes using the measured tide level data of the long-term tide station to correct the tide level, and estimating the tide level of the measured point of the designated area in the coastal remote area; wherein, the effective actual measured tide level data of the long-term tide station is not less than two groups.
Optionally, the method for estimating the tide level further comprises predicting the tide level of each tide station by using the harmonic constant of each tide station in the step S4, and then estimating the tide level of the measured point of the designated area in the coastal remote area through the tide level correction.
Optionally, the method for estimating the tide level further includes using the measured tide level data of each tide station in S4 to correct the residual water level, and estimating the tide level of the measured point of the designated area in the coastal remote area.
Optionally, the method for estimating a sea level further includes calculating sea level data using the refined tide model, and then performing the sea level correction or the residual water level correction to estimate a sea level of a measured point of the specified area in the coastal remote area.
Optionally, the residual water level correction and the tide level correction include: single station correction, double station correction, and multi-station correction.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the tide level method of the coastal remote area provides a real-time tide level calculation method, meets the requirement of the coastal remote construction area on the real-time tide level, and meanwhile calculates the tide level precision to meet the construction requirement.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in more detail. Advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description and claims.
The embodiment provides a coastal remote area tide level calculating method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting actual measurement data of tide stations, and under the control of the long-term tide station data, carrying out tide analysis on the tide level data of a plurality of tide stations to obtain a harmonic constant of each tide station;
s2: the method comprises the steps that (1) the precision evaluation is carried out on a tide model by utilizing the harmonic constant of the tide testing station, if the tide dividing comprehensive forecasting precision index of the tide model cannot reach the standard, the tide testing station data, the shoreline and the seabed topography data of the coastal remote area are used for correcting the tide model to obtain a refined tide model with the standard precision;
s3: according to the refined tide model reaching the standard in the S2, a temporary tide station of a designated area in a coastal remote area is arranged, so that the temporary tide station of the designated area can control the tide level change of the whole designated area, and tide level data are collected through the temporary tide station of the designated area;
s4: and (3) carrying out residual water level correction or tide level correction according to the tide level data of the long-term tide station in the step (S1), the tide level data collected by the temporary tide station in the appointed area in the step (S3) or the tide level data calculated by the refined tide model, and calculating the tide level of the measured point of the appointed area.
In this embodiment, since the tidal current model in S2 includes different tidal current numbers, the main tidal current comprehensive prediction accuracy index, that is, the tidal current comprehensive prediction accuracy index of 8, 11, and 13, may be used in specific practice according to the tidal current number of the tidal current model actually used.
In this embodiment, before the tide analysis and the real-time tide level calculation in S4 are performed, the depth reference of each tide station may also be obtained according to an average sea level model and a theoretical depth reference model. The embodiment provides a method for determining the average sea level model and the theoretical depth reference model, and performs precision evaluation.
In this example, the long-term tide station is specifically used for tide level data of 1 year in Chongming continent. The determination of the mean sea level Model (MSL) adopts a harmonic analysis method and a arithmetic average method, and the determination of the theoretical depth reference model (L) adopts a Fragile Mierski model and a navigation guarantee rate definition method.
TABLE 1 vertical reference determination Table for white anchor (1 year data)
Table 2 vertical reference determination table for Chongming continent head (1 year data)
Table 1 is a table of vertical reference determinations for white anchors (1 year data), and table 2 is a table of vertical reference determinations for Chongming continent heads (1 year data), as shown in tables 1 and 2:
when the average sea level model is calculated, no matter the harmonic analysis method or the arithmetic average method is adopted, when the data length is 1 year or even more than 1 year, the calculated results are almost the same, so that the average sea level model can be determined by adopting the harmonic analysis method, the arithmetic average method or the average value of the calculated results of the two methods;
the theoretical depth reference model determined by adopting the Frazier metric method and the navigation guarantee rate method is almost consistent when the length of a data sequence is more than 1 year, but the theoretical depth reference model is determined by adopting the Frazier metric method when abnormal tide level exists in data, particularly at low tide level, because the theoretical depth reference model is obtained by adopting the statistical method, and the theoretical depth reference model is finally determined by adopting the Frazier metric method.
The white sea level model and the Chongming continent head are long-term tide stations, have tide level data with the length of more than 1 year, and can be calculated to obtain an average sea level model and a theoretical depth reference model. Extracting 3 days of synchronous data, taking white anchor as a long-term tide station, taking Chongming continent head as a short-term tide station, pushing out an average sea level model and a theoretical depth reference model of the Chongming continent head, comparing the average sea level model with the theoretical depth reference model of the station, and analyzing the transmission precision of various methods. In the transmission, the average sea level model adopts a synchronous correction method, a regression analysis method and a comprehensive transmission method respectively; the theoretical depth reference model adopts a tidal range ratio method and a comprehensive transmission method respectively.
TABLE 3 white anchor-Chongming continent head (3 days synchronization) mean sea level MSL delivery table
| Delivery method | Delivery results/m | Known value/m | Difference/m |
| Synchronization correction | 3.081 | 3.002 | -0.079 |
| Regression analysis | 3.140 | -0.138 | |
| Integrated delivery | 3.103 | -0.101 |
TABLE 4 white anchor-Chongming continent head (3 days synchronization) depth reference plane L delivery table
| Delivery method | Delivery results/m | Known value/m | Difference/m |
| Tidal range ratio | 1.636 | 1.622 | -0.014 |
| Integrated delivery | 1.668 | -0.046 |
Table 3 is an average sea level MSL delivery table for white-Chongming African head (3-day sync), and Table 4 is a depth reference plane L delivery table for white-Chongming African head (3-day sync), as shown in tables 3 and 4:
whether MSL or L is transferred, various methods are close, indicating the correctness of the method application;
MSL transmission, the regression analysis method in 3 methods has poor precision, and the best precision is a synchronous correction method and a comprehensive transmission method;
the precision of the tidal range ratio method and the comprehensive transfer method in the L transfer method and the tidal range ratio method and the comprehensive transfer method is approximate, the difference is 3cm, but the tidal range ratio method and the comprehensive transfer method are slightly better than the tidal range ratio method and the comprehensive transfer method;
in summary, for the temporary tide station, the determination of the average sea level model adopts a synchronous correction method, a regression analysis method or a comprehensive transfer method respectively; the theoretical depth reference model is determined by a tidal range ratio method or a comprehensive transmission method.
In this embodiment, the tide model, the mean sea level model and the theoretical depth reference model are calculated from tide station tide level data and the global tide model, the global mean sea level model and the global theoretical depth reference model. By means of the global average sea level model and the global tide model, a global theoretical depth reference model is calculated, a global absolute (on the ground level) theoretical depth reference model is calculated by combining the global average sea level model and the global average sea level model, and the isoline, isoline surface and isoline surface superposition diagrams of five tide models of DTU10, hamtide, EOT11a, OSU12 and NAO99b and two average sea level models of DTU10-MSS and AVIO-MSS are drawn.
In this embodiment, the S3 specifically includes: and statistically analyzing the propagation speed and direction of the divided tide wave and a combined tide level forecast test of a plurality of divided tide waves for a plurality of years according to the refined tide model to obtain a temporary tide station layout rule of a designated area in the coastal remote area under the requirement of a sea channel measurement standard index, and layout the temporary tide station of the designated area according to the layout rule of the temporary tide station. In this embodiment, since the tidal models include different tidal numbers, the propagation speed and direction of the main tidal wave, that is, the propagation speed and direction of the 8-, 11-, and 13-tidal waves can be statistically analyzed according to the tidal numbers of the tidal models actually used in practice.
In this embodiment, the tidal analysis in S1 employs a least squares harmonic analysis method and a spectrum analysis method, and the obtained harmonic constant takes average value data of a result obtained by the least squares harmonic analysis method and a result obtained by the spectrum analysis method.
In this embodiment, the tidal data of the Yangtze river mouth for 1 year is used to analyze 8, 11 and 13 tide respectively by means of least square harmonic analysis and spectrum analysis, and the obtained harmonic constants of each tide and the statistical results of the different values of the harmonic constants are shown in the following table:
table 5 least squares and fourier method 8 moisture results comparison
Table 6 least squares and fourier method 11 moisture results comparison
Table 7 least squares and fourier method 13 moisture results comparison
TABLE 8 statistical accuracy of tidal analysis mutual differences of two methods under different divided tides
Table 5 shows the comparison of the moisture content of the least squares and Fourier method 8, table 6 shows the comparison of the moisture content of the least squares and Fourier method 11, table 7 shows the comparison of the moisture content of the least squares and Fourier method 13, and Table 8 shows the statistical accuracy of the difference between the tidal analyses of the two methods under different moisture contents, as shown in tables 5, 6, 7 and 8:
the precision of the least squares tidal analysis method is basically the same as that of the Fourier spectrum analysis method, and the correctness of the two methods is shown;
whether 8, 11 or 13 tide is adopted, the results of the two methods are close, but the difference of tide analysis results of the two methods is gradually increased along with the increase of the tide number, and the analysis is considered to be mainly caused by the fact that the distinguishing capability of Fourier transformation on the tide is blurred along with the increase of the tide number;
to sum up: based on the consistency of the results of the two methods, the final tidal analysis result adopts the average value of the results of the two methods, thereby ensuring the robustness and the precision of the tidal analysis result.
In this embodiment, the tide level estimating method includes performing tide level correction using measured tide level data of the long-term tide station, estimating a tide level of a measured point of the specified area in the coastal remote area; wherein, the effective actual measured tide level data of the long-term tide station is not less than two groups. Because the actual measured tide level data is adopted, two groups of tide level data at different time points are adopted for time interpolation when the tide level is estimated.
In this embodiment, the method for estimating the tide level further includes predicting the tide level of each tide station using its own harmonic constant in S4, and then estimating the tide level of the measured point of the specified area in the coastal remote area by the tide level correction. It will be appreciated that the tide stations include a long term tide station and a temporary tide station deployed in a designated area of the coastal remote zone. The present embodiment specifically uses the blend constant of the cowhide reef at the Yangtze river mouth, adopts the tide level of 11 minutes to predict for 10 days, compares the tide level with the actual measured tide level, and the predicted tide level is basically consistent with the actual measured tide level, and the deviation is about 0.1 meter.
In this embodiment, the method for estimating a sea level further includes estimating a sea level of the measured point of the specified area in the coastal remote area by performing the residual water level correction using the measured sea level data of each tide station in S4. It will be appreciated that the tide stations include a long term tide station and a temporary tide station deployed in a designated area of the coastal remote zone. In this embodiment, the actual measurement data of the tide level and the residual water level data of the tide station are collected, the tide level of the measured point is estimated through residual water level correction, and the estimated tide level of the measured point is basically consistent with the actual measured tide level.
In this embodiment, the tide level estimating method further includes calculating tide level data using the refined tide model, and then performing the tide level correction or the residual water level correction to estimate the tide level of the measured point of the specified area in the coastal remote area.
In this embodiment, the residual water level correction and the tide level correction include: single station correction, double station correction, and multi-station correction.
The single station correction in this embodiment is specifically to verify the tide level data of the temporary station by means of the remaining mountain station and the temporary station within the effective control range of the remaining mountain station, calculate the data of the temporary station by using a single station correction method on the remaining mountain data, and compare the data with the actual measurement data of the temporary station.
In the comparison results: the interpolated tide level almost coincides with the observed tide level, and when the temporary station position is in the effective control range of the tide station, the maximum deviation of the interpolated tide level is smaller than 10cm, and the standard deviation is only 2cm, so that the underwater topography measurement precision requirement is completely met.
The two-station correction in this embodiment is specifically implemented by means of three tide stations distributed approximately in a straight line, namely a common green lever and temporary tide station 1 and temporary tide station 2. Wherein the temporary tide station 2 is arranged in the middle of the connection line of the common green polder and the temporary tide station 1. The tide level of the temporary tide station 2 is calculated according to the common green polder and the temporary tide station 1 by using a double station correction method and is compared with the actual measured tide level of 2. In order to ensure the correction precision of the double stations, the tide level data of the tide station nearest to the measured point is adopted for calculation.
The multi-station correction in this embodiment is specifically to interpolate the tide stations in the triangle by means of the inverse of the distance weights of the three stations and compare the tide level of the tide stations with the actual measured tide level of the tide stations according to the three tide stations which form the triangle in the geographic position. Interpolating the temporary tide station 2 tide level by using the Sheshan, the Country polder and the Liangxing harbor, wherein the maximum deviation is 6cm and the standard deviation is 3.4cm; the maximum deviation of the tide level of the temporary tide station 2 interpolated by the Sheshan, the common-green polder and the temporary station 1 is 5.2cm, and the standard deviation is 2.4cm. In open water, by means of distance weight reciprocal interpolation, a higher accuracy of the interpolated tide level can be obtained.
The multi-station correction in this embodiment may further utilize four tide stations, specifically, data of the four tide stations (distance between stations is 10-20 km) of the Yangtze river opening Xu Liu jing, bai, yanglin and Chongming continent are selected, the tide level time sequence of another tide station is calculated by a time difference method, and compared with the measured data, the estimated value is basically consistent with the trend of the measured value, and the data of each time point is basically coincident, so that better precision is obtained.
In summary, in the method for estimating the sea level in the coastal remote area provided by the embodiment of the invention, measured data of the tide stations are collected at first, tide analysis of the tide level data of a plurality of tide stations is carried out to obtain harmonic constants of each station, the tide model is refined by using the harmonic constants of the tide stations to obtain a refined tide model, temporary tide stations of a designated area in the coastal remote area are distributed according to the refined tide model with the accuracy reaching the standard, the temporary tide stations of the designated area in the coastal remote area can control the change of the tide level of the whole designated area, and then residual water level correction or tide level correction calculation is carried out according to the tide level data of the long-term tide stations, the tide level data of the temporary tide stations of the designated area in the coastal remote area or the tide level data calculated by the refined tide model.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art will make any equivalent substitution or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the invention without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the invention, and the technical solution of the invention is not departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for calculating the tide level of the coastal remote area is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: collecting actual measurement data of tide stations, and under the control of the long-term tide station data, carrying out tide analysis on the tide level data of a plurality of tide stations to obtain a harmonic constant of each tide station;
s2: the method comprises the steps that (1) the precision evaluation is carried out on a tide model by utilizing the harmonic constant of the tide testing station, if the tide dividing comprehensive forecasting precision index of the tide model cannot reach the standard, the tide testing station data, the shoreline and the seabed topography data of the coastal remote area are used for correcting the tide model to obtain a refined tide model with the standard precision;
s3: according to the refined tide model reaching the standard in the S2, a temporary tide station of a designated area in a coastal remote area is arranged, so that the temporary tide station of the designated area can control the tide level change of the whole designated area, and tide level data are collected through the temporary tide station of the designated area;
s4: according to the tide level data of the long-term tide station in the S1, the tide level data collected by the temporary tide station of the appointed area in the S3 or the tide level data calculated by the refined tide model, residual water level correction or tide level correction is carried out to calculate the tide level of the measured point of the appointed area;
the tide analysis in the S1 adopts a least square harmonic analysis method and a frequency spectrum analysis method, and the obtained harmonic constant takes average value data of a result obtained by the least square harmonic analysis method and a result obtained by the frequency spectrum analysis method;
the moisture comprehensive forecasting precision indexes in the S2 are namely 8, 11 and 13 moisture comprehensive forecasting precision indexes;
in S4, before analyzing the tide and calculating the real-time tide level, obtaining the depth reference of each tide station according to an average sea level model and a theoretical depth reference model;
the average sea level model of the long-term tide station is determined by adopting a harmonic analysis method and an arithmetic average method, and the theoretical depth reference model is determined by adopting a Frazier Mierski model;
for the temporary tide station, the determination of the average sea level model adopts a synchronous correction method, a regression analysis method or a comprehensive transfer method respectively; the theoretical depth reference model is determined by a tidal range ratio method or a comprehensive transmission method;
the tide model, the average sea level model and the theoretical depth reference model are obtained through calculation of tide level data of a tide station and the global tide model, the global average sea level model and the global theoretical depth reference model.
2. The method for estimating the tide level in the coastal remote zone according to claim 1, wherein S3 specifically comprises: and statistically analyzing the propagation speed and direction of the divided tide wave and a combined tide level forecast test of a plurality of divided tide waves for a plurality of years according to the refined tide model to obtain a temporary tide station layout rule of a designated area in the coastal remote area under the requirement of a sea channel measurement standard index, and layout the temporary tide station of the designated area according to the layout rule of the temporary tide station.
3. The coastal remote region tide level estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the tide level estimation method comprises performing tide level correction using measured tide level data of the long-term tide station, estimating a tide level of a measured point of the specified region in the coastal remote region; wherein, the effective actual measured tide level data of the long-term tide station is not less than two groups.
4. A coastal remote region tide level estimation method according to claim 1, further comprising predicting the own tide level using the reconciliation constant of each tide station itself in S4, and then estimating the tide level of the measured point of the specified region in the coastal remote region by the tide level correction.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises estimating the sea level of the measured point of the specified area in the coastal remote area by correcting the residual water level using the measured sea level data of each tide station in S4.
6. The coastal remote region tide level estimation method according to claim 1, further comprising calculating tide level data using the refined tide model, and then performing the tide level correction or the residual water level correction, estimating a tide level of a measured point of the specified region in the coastal remote region.
7. The coastal remote region tide level calculation method according to claim 1, wherein said residual water level correction and said tide level correction comprise: single station correction, double station correction, and multi-station correction.
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| CN109992748B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2023-03-24 | 河海大学 | Estuary tide level harmonic analysis method |
| CN111307122B (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-12-14 | 广东景泽生态环境股份有限公司 | Prediction method and device for tidal water change |
| CN111899336B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-10-19 | 连云港港口工程设计研究院有限公司 | Method for obtaining minimum tide surface model of unknown sea area theory |
| CN112731453B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-03-01 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Vertical reference detection method for tide station by utilizing GNSS buoy |
| CN114969664B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2023-03-21 | 广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院 | Water level correction method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN115423955B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2023-04-21 | 江苏海洋大学 | Multi-source data-based optimal depth reference surface geodetic height model construction method |
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| CN105956709A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 大连海事大学 | GUI based modular support vector machine tide forecasting method |
| CN107883931A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-04-06 | 深圳大学 | Tide rectification method and device, storage medium based on structure instantaneous water level model |
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| CN102693355A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-09-26 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | High-precision water level calculation technology for rare tide station data control |
| CN105910587A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-31 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Tide parameter inversion-based tide predication method |
| CN105956709A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 大连海事大学 | GUI based modular support vector machine tide forecasting method |
| CN107883931A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-04-06 | 深圳大学 | Tide rectification method and device, storage medium based on structure instantaneous water level model |
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