CN102943451B - Determination method of maximal transverse flow of entrance channel of encircling-type breakwater - Google Patents
Determination method of maximal transverse flow of entrance channel of encircling-type breakwater Download PDFInfo
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- CN102943451B CN102943451B CN201210397359.8A CN201210397359A CN102943451B CN 102943451 B CN102943451 B CN 102943451B CN 201210397359 A CN201210397359 A CN 201210397359A CN 102943451 B CN102943451 B CN 102943451B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a determination method of maximal transverse flow of an entrance channel of an encircling-type breakwater. A relation between the transverse flow and tidal range of the channel is discussed by stimulating and calculating the maximal transverse flow of the entrance channel of the encircling-type breakwater under different tidal types through adopting a two-dimensional tide mathematical model, and an empirical calculation formula of the transverse flow of the entrance channel is put forward. The maximal transverse flows of the entrance channel under corresponding cumulative frequencies can be obtained by substituting forecasted tidal ranges under different cumulative frequencies into the formula to be calculated by virtue of the empirical formula according to one-to-one linear relation between the transverse flows and the forecasted tidal ranges of the entrance channel, and the distribution of the cumulative frequencies of the transverse flow can be further obtained; and the maximal forecasted tidal range in a concerned period is obtained according to a tidal table, and the maximal transverse flow of the entrance channel in the period can be obtained by estimating so as to guide design of channel scale and daily management of entering and leaving of ships in a harbor district.
Description
Art:
The present invention relates to the method for the tidal current field simulation of a kind of coastal waters and forecast, particularly a kind of encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel crossing current defining method.
Background technology:
In recent years, along with the rapid lifting of China's economic strength, foreign trade total amount significantly increases, and the construction and development of harbor approach faces huge demand and opportunity.At present, the water front that natural conditions are good is fully developed, and the constructing emphases of harbor approach engineering turns to silt coast and fine sea bed gradually.Delay the Open Sea that water is shallow on slope, wave action is obvious, and water-sediment movement is complicated, for reaching the object of " shallow water is used deeply ", generally need arrange encircling type mole, thus the object reaching wave resistance sand, improve mooring conditions in port, reduce Sediment deposit.
The such double-leading-dike of encircling type mole is added to the arrangement form of approach channel, because choosing of dike head is flowed and the effect of mouth door bundle water, often produce larger crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel section, the size of crossing current is not only the important parameter of design approach channel effective width, the ship dispatch in port district is in the future managed and also there is considerable influence, thus always by people are paid close attention to.
Existing much for the navigation channel crossing current calculating research of similar layout of port at present.But, in numerical simulation in the past, the spring tide of certain actual measurement that adopts, as calculating tidal stencils, calculates the navigation channel crossing current in this kind of situation more.Mainly there is two problems in this mode calculating crossing current: first, its result is equivalent to random value, is difficult to reflect characteristic distributions in the long-term of crossing current or year, and representativeness is outstanding not; Secondly, unknown for crossing current size generally, be difficult to instruct real work.
In general, at shallow water immediate offshore area, by landform reflex, tide generally has comparatively significant stationary wave characteristic, in close relations between trend and tidal range.Thus, the present invention utilizes Two Dimensional Tidal Current Mathematical Modeling, by the maximum crossing current in encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel under the different tidal stencils of analog computation, inquire into the relation between navigation channel crossing current and tidal range, thus the empirical formula of further matching Kou Men navigation channel crossing current, so that according to tide prediction table, calculating corresponding navigation channel flow over by the tidal range of different cumulative frequency, is design and management service.
Goal of the invention:
The object of the invention is to set up the dependency relation between the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel of encircling type mole and forecast tidal range, and then obtain the empirical formula of the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel.Utilize this empirical formula can estimate the maximum crossing current of mouth door according to the tide prediction table in engineering marine site, and the cumulative frequency procedure combining forecast tidal range obtain maximum crossing current further year in the maximum crossing current value of mouth door under distribution situation or a certain cumulative frequency, thus be used to guide the design work of dimensions of the channel and the port district daily management mission of boats and ships entering and leaving port.
Summary of the invention:
1, want technical solution problem
For encircling type mole, Kou Men navigation channel crossing current is always by people are paid close attention to.On the one hand, in the design of dimensions of the channel, the size of crossing current directly affects the value of navigation channel effective width; On the other hand, when boats and ships entering and leaving port, larger crossing current can cause boats and ships to offset course line, directly affects ship running safety.
When considering navigation channel crossing current, the spring tide of certain actual measurement that adopts carries out numerical simulation calculation as calculating tidal stencils more in the past, gained crossing current value as dimensions of the channel whether reasonable in design according to and port district operation in the future after the reference of Control of Vessels Entering and Leaving Port.Mainly there is two problems in this traditional crossing current account form: first, and the crossing current situation that what its result was corresponding is under a certain specific tidal stencils, is equivalent to random value, is difficult to reflect characteristic distributions in the long-term of crossing current or year, and representativeness is outstanding not; Secondly, unknown for crossing current size generally, be difficult to instruct real work.
2, technology path
In general, at shallow water immediate offshore area, by landform reflex, tide generally has comparatively significant stationary wave characteristic, in close relations between trend and tidal range.Thus, the present invention utilizes Two Dimensional Tidal Current Mathematical Modeling, by the maximum crossing current in encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel under the different tidal stencils of analog computation, inquire into the relation between navigation channel crossing current and tidal range, thus the empirical formula of further matching Kou Men navigation channel crossing current, so that according to tide prediction table, calculating corresponding navigation channel flow over by the tidal range of different cumulative frequency, is design and management service.
3, technical scheme
1) founding mathematical models verifying
Setting up engineering marine site two dimensional surface tidal current mathematical model, when carrying out trend numerical computations, for opening border, being provided by eastern China seas tidal wave Mathematical Modeling; For closing border, according to can not enter principle follow the example of to flow velocity be 0.In addition, additionally use dry wet discrimination technology and carry out moving boundary process.Utilize actual measurement hydrological data to carry out calibration to model parameter, after checking reaches required precision, carry out the NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TIDAL after engineering.
2) determine calculate tidal stencils and under calculating different tidal stencils navigation channel crossing current
According to the tide prediction table data of Engineering Zone or neighbouring oceanographic station, add up 1 year, this station or forecast tidal range for many years, cumulative frequency procedure is carried out to it, the time of corresponding tidal range and generation thereof under determining different cumulative frequency, choose a series of time period contained compared with macrotidal range scope on this basis, utilize eastern China seas large-sized model to provide corresponding model tidal boundary and then analog computation Kou Men navigation channel crossing current, obtain the navigation channel crossing current situation under different tidal stencils.
3) the dependency relation analysis flow in tidal range and Kou Men navigation channel is forecast
According to the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel calculated under gained difference forecast tidal range, the relation between the maximum crossing current in analytical port door navigation channel and forecast tidal range.Analyze and find, in the significant region of stationary wave characteristic, between the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel and forecast tidal range, there is good linear relationship, thus can the empirical formula of the maximum crossing current in matching outlet portal navigation channel:
V＝kΔH+b
Wherein, V is the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel; Δ H is the forecast tidal range of corresponding oceanographic station; K, b are empirical coefficient, and the span of k, b is all 0.1 ~ 0.2.
4) what flow in Kou Men navigation channel estimates and cumulative frequency analysis
Utilize gained empirical formula not only can estimate crossing current generally, the cumulative frequency distribution situation of flowing over can also be obtained.
First, according to linear relationship one to one between the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel and forecast tidal range, bring the forecast tidal range of different cumulative frequency into formulae discovery, the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel under corresponding cumulative frequency can be obtained, and then the cumulative frequency that can obtain flowing over distributes, thus in the middle of the design design standard of cumulative frequency being incorporated into dimensions of the channel, avoid the digital-to-analogue of only once surveying under spring tide with reference to certain in waterway effect in the past and calculate crossing current value and the defect of representativeness deficiency that causes.
Secondly, obtain according to tide table the maximum forecast tidal range paying close attention to the period, bring empirical formula into and can estimate the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel obtaining this period, realize the forecast work of navigation channel crossing current, the entering and leaving port management daily for boats and ships provides scientific guidance.
The advantage of invention:
(1) the Two Dimensional Tidal Current Mathematical Modeling that the present invention sets up will comprise whole engineering marine site, and verify through field measured data, result of calculation is rationally credible, dependency relation between the crossing current set up and tidal range can reflect the rule of engineering marine site maximal transverse flow of entrance channel of encircling-type breakwater preferably, and result of calculation can serve the daily operation management work in waterway effect and port district.
(2) the present invention is utilized can to forecast the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel of encircling type mole easily.User only needs according to the forecast tidal range in tide prediction table, and fitting formula can be utilized more adequately to calculate the maximum crossing current in corresponding Kou Men navigation channel, thus manages the operation of boats and ships entering and leaving port scientifically and rationally.
(3) cumulative frequency procedure of forecast tidal range is combined, the present invention can give in the year of the maximum crossing current in outlet portal navigation channel the crossing current size distributed or corresponding to different cumulative frequency, and then the design standard of cumulative frequency is incorporated in the middle of waterway effect, avoid the digital-to-analogue of only once surveying under spring tide with reference to certain in waterway effect in the past and calculate crossing current value and the defect of representativeness deficiency that causes.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Ton navigation channel, Fig. 1 PORT OF LIANYUNGANG 30 arrangement diagram
Marine site, Fig. 2 Lianyun Harbour tidal current mathematical model scope schematic diagram
Fig. 3 Lianyun Harbour district difference calculates the maximum crossing current under tidal range
The maximum crossing current of Fig. 4 Lianyun Harbour district mouth door and the dependency relation forecasting flood tide tidal range
The maximum crossing current of Tu5Xu Xugang district mouth door and the dependency relation forecasting flood tide tidal range
Embodiment:
Provide below in conjunction with Lianyun Harbour district of PORT OF LIANYUNGANG 30 ton waterway engineering and Xu Xugang district encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel, marine site, Lianyun Harbour that the present invention proposes to flow over the embodiment of computational methods:
(1) engineering proposal general introduction
When carrying out encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel, PORT OF LIANYUNGANG crossing current and calculating research, consider that the approach channel in Lianyun Harbour district and Xu Xugang district is all dredged and be deep to 30 tons.Wherein, Lianyun Harbour district approach channel moves towards 63 °-243 °, absolute altitude-22.5m at the bottom of navigation channel (below theory basic point, lower same), navigation channel bottom width 350m, side slope 1:7; Xu Xugang district approach channel moves towards 16 °-196 °, absolute altitude-22.5m at the bottom of navigation channel, navigation channel bottom width 360m, side slope 1:7; Filling estuarine project is built, and double-leading-dike extends to-2m isobath place, crest level 3m.Concrete layout is as Fig. 1.
(2) tidal current mathematical model is set up
Set up water surface area and be about 8648km
2mathematical Modeling, as shown in Figure 2.The discrete of zoning all adopts rectangular mesh, and utilizes Grid Nesting method to encrypt gradually, and model maximum mesh yardstick is 405m × 405m, and Engineering Zone mesh scale is 15m × 15m, can meet computational accuracy requirement.
The west circle of marine site, Lianyun Harbour tidal current mathematical model, south bound are border, land, and north circle, in the east boundary are water boundaries.When carrying out trend numerical computations, for opening border, provided by eastern China seas tidal wave Mathematical Modeling; For closing border, according to can not enter principle follow the example of to flow velocity be 0.In addition, additionally use dry wet discrimination technology and carry out moving boundary process.
For making the actual motion situation of set up tidal current mathematical model energy simulate current, calibration and checking need be carried out to model, determining calculating parameter wherein.The present invention utilizes the large, medium and small tide in July, 2004 respectively, and the hydrologic survey during back-silting observation is dug in the big or middle tide in September, 2005 and guide's examination in 2010 carries out calibration to this model.Empirical tests, result of calculation and field data coincide better.
(3) the maximum crossing current feature in navigation channel and influence factor
In the tide prediction table of Lianyun Harbour oceanographic station in 2004, have chosen a series of time period contained compared with macrotidal range scope, carry out crossing current and calculate.Fig. 3 then provides the relation between Lianyun Harbour district fluctuation tide crossing current and fluctuation tide tidal range.Table 1 and table 2 sets forth the maximum crossing current result of calculation of fluctuation trend in Lianyun Harbour district, analyze and find:
The zero maximum crossing current of fluctuation tide calculating gained increases with the increase of fluctuation tide tidal range, has extraordinary corresponding relation between the two.
The maximum crossing current of zero flood tide is obviously greater than ebb tide, illustrates in marine site, Lianyun Harbour, and the maximum crossing current in navigation channel of encircling type breakwater gap is controlled by flood tide.
Zero for the maximum crossing current of flood tide in Lianyun Harbour district, be mainly positioned at mouth outdoors 0.6 ~ 0.85km to navigate groove section, within going out the 1.0h of now then before high water mark.
Zero for the maximum crossing current of ebb tide in Lianyun Harbour district, be mainly positioned at mouth outdoors 1.4 ~ 1.6km to navigate groove section, go out then 0.5 ~ 2.5h before low tide now.
Zero also calculates for the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel, Xu Xugang district, and situation is substantially close with Lianyun Harbour district, and that is maximum crossing current is controlled by flood tide, and the maximum crossing current of flood tide is positioned at mouth 100 ~ 200m boat groove section outdoors, within betiding the 1.5h before high water mark.
(4) flood tide tidal range and cumulative frequency
Respectively by, the ageing of 2004-2006,2004-2008 in 2004, added up the flood tide tidal range cumulative frequency of 1,3,5 year, concrete outcome is in table 3.Can find out, under identical cumulative frequency, the flood tide tidal range difference in different statistics time is very little, can use the tide prediction table in a certain year, add up flood tide tidal range cumulative frequency.
(5) dependency relation of flood tide tidal range and crossing current
Utilize marine site, Lianyun Harbour tidal current mathematical model on a large scale set up, according to the tidal stencils corresponding to different cumulative frequency flood tide tidal range, calculate Lianyun Harbour district, the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel, Xu Xugang district, the results detailed in Table 4.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 sets forth the dependency relation of the maximum crossing current in Lianyun Harbour district and Kou Men navigation channel, Xu Xugang district and forecast flood tide tidal range, respective crossing current empirical formula such as formula
(1) and shown in formula (2).For Lianyun Harbour district:
V＝0.178ΔH-0.1566，R＝0.956 (1)
Wherein the span of slope k is between 0.1 ~ 0.2, and the span of intercept b is 0.1 ~ 0.2.
For Xu Xugang district:
V＝0.1566ΔH-0.1525，R＝0.946 (2)
Wherein the span of slope k is between 0.1 ~ 0.2, and the span of intercept b is 0.1 ~ 0.2.
In formula: V---maximum navigation channel crossing current (m/s); Δ H---flood tide tidal range (m) at station, corresponding Lianyun Harbour.
The maximum crossing current result of calculation of the different tidal stencils ebb currents in table 1 Lianyun Harbour district
The maximum crossing current result of calculation of the different tidal stencils flood currents in table 2 Lianyun Harbour district
Table 3 flood tide tidal range statistical form
Under the different cumulative frequency of table 4, the digital-to-analogue calculated value of maximum crossing current compares with formulae discovery value
Claims (1)
1. a determination method of maximal transverse flow of entrance channel of encircling-type breakwater, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1), founding mathematical models verifying
Set up engineering marine site two dimensional surface tidal current mathematical model, utilize actual measurement hydrological data to carry out calibration to model parameter, after checking reaches required precision, carry out the NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TIDAL after engineering;
2), determine calculate tidal stencils and under calculating different tidal stencils navigation channel crossing current
According to the tide prediction table data of Engineering Zone or neighbouring oceanographic station, add up 1 year, this station or forecast tidal range for many years, cumulative frequency procedure is carried out to it, the time of corresponding tidal range and generation thereof under determining different cumulative frequency, choose a series of time period contained compared with macrotidal range scope on this basis, utilize corresponding model tidal boundary and then analog computation Kou Men navigation channel crossing current, obtain the navigation channel crossing current under different tidal stencils;
3), the dependency relation analysis flow in tidal range and Kou Men navigation channel is forecast
According to the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel calculated under gained difference forecast tidal range, the relation between the maximum crossing current in analytical port door navigation channel and forecast tidal range, carry the empirical formula of the maximum crossing current in outlet portal navigation channel:
V＝kΔH+b
Wherein, V is the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel; Δ H is the forecast tidal range of corresponding oceanographic station; K, b are empirical coefficient, and the span of k, b is all 0.1 ~ 0.2;
4) what, flow in Kou Men navigation channel estimates and cumulative frequency analysis
Utilize gained empirical formula, according to linear relationship one to one between the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel and forecast tidal range, bring the forecast tidal range of different cumulative frequency into formulae discovery, can obtain the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel under corresponding cumulative frequency, and then the cumulative frequency that can obtain flowing over distributes; Obtain according to tide table the maximum forecast tidal range paying close attention to the period, bring empirical formula into and can estimate the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel obtaining this period.
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| CN106980707A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-07-25 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | What a kind of steep wall seawall trend was inverted chooses stream interface Parameters design |
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| CN103774605B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-09-16 | 河海大学 | A kind of method for designing improving surrounding basin water body exchange capacity |
| CN103778282A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 河海大学 | Effective channel width design method based on maximum transverse flow cumulative frequency |
| CN104631377B (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2017-01-18 | 河海大学 | Design method of encircled harbor area water exchange passage |
| CN106971024A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-21 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of navigation channel effective width design method based on maximum crossing current cumulative frequency |
| CN116467790B (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-08-25 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Discrimination method for optimizing plane layout of breakwater in half-shelter harbor area |
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| JP2003096742A (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-03 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Sea-water crossflow breakwater caisson |
| CN200985496Y (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-12-05 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Sand preventing bank with energy-eliminating buffer area |
| CN102373691A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-03-14 | 中交第一航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | Sand protecting dike with functions of preventing silt and reducing cross flow at breakwater gap |
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| CN106980707A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-07-25 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | What a kind of steep wall seawall trend was inverted chooses stream interface Parameters design |
| CN106980707B (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2019-11-12 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | Stream interface Parameters design is chosen in a kind of reversion of steep wall seawall trend |
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