CN102943451A - Determination method of maximal transverse flow of entrance channel of encircling-type breakwater - Google Patents
Determination method of maximal transverse flow of entrance channel of encircling-type breakwater Download PDFInfo
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- CN102943451A CN102943451A CN2012103973598A CN201210397359A CN102943451A CN 102943451 A CN102943451 A CN 102943451A CN 2012103973598 A CN2012103973598 A CN 2012103973598A CN 201210397359 A CN201210397359 A CN 201210397359A CN 102943451 A CN102943451 A CN 102943451A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a determination method of maximal transverse flow of an entrance channel of an encircling-type breakwater. A relation between the transverse flow and tidal range of the channel is discussed by stimulating and calculating the maximal transverse flow of the entrance channel of the encircling-type breakwater under different tidal types through adopting a two-dimensional tide mathematical model, and an empirical calculation formula of the transverse flow of the entrance channel is put forward. The maximal transverse flows of the entrance channel under corresponding cumulative frequencies can be obtained by substituting forecasted tidal ranges under different cumulative frequencies into the formula to be calculated by virtue of the empirical formula according to one-to-one linear relation between the transverse flows and the forecasted tidal ranges of the entrance channel, and the distribution of the cumulative frequencies of the transverse flow can be further obtained; and the maximal forecasted tidal range in a concerned period is obtained according to a tidal table, and the maximal transverse flow of the entrance channel in the period can be obtained by estimating so as to guide design of channel scale and daily management of entering and leaving of ships in a harbor district.
Description
Affiliated technical field:
The present invention relates to the method for the tidal current field simulation of a kind of coastal waters and forecast, particularly the definite method of a kind of encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel crossing current.
Background technology:
In recent years, along with the rapid lifting of China's economic strength, the foreign trade total amount significantly increases, and the construction of harbor approach and development face huge demand and opportunity.At present, the water front that natural conditions are good is fully developed, and the construction emphasis of harbor approach engineering turns to silt coast and aleuritic texture seashore gradually.The slow shallow Open Sea of water on the slope, wave action is obvious, and water-sediment movement is complicated, for reaching the purpose of " shallow water is used deeply ", generally needs to arrange the encircling type mole, thereby reaches the wave resistance sand, improves the steady condition of the pool port in, purpose that minimizing silt back-silts.
The arrangement form that adds the navigation channel of approaching for the such double-leading-dike of encircling type mole, because choosing of dike head flowed and mouthful door bundle water effect, tend to produce larger crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel section, the size of crossing current is not only the important parameter of design approach channel effective width, also there is considerable influence in the in the future ship dispatch management of harbor district, thereby is paid close attention to by people always.
Existing much the crossing current for the navigation channel of similar layout of port calculated research at present.But, in numerical simulation in the past, adopt the spring tide of certain actual measurement as calculating tidal stencils more, calculate the navigation channel crossing current in this kind situation.Mainly there are two problems in the mode of this calculating crossing current: at first, its result is equivalent to random value, is difficult to reflect the long-term of crossing current or year interior characteristic distributions, and representativeness is outstanding not; Secondly, unknown for generally speaking crossing current size, be difficult to instruct real work.
In general, at the shallow water immediate offshore area, be subjected to the landform reflex, morning and evening tides generally has comparatively significant stationary wave characteristic, and trend and tidal range Relations Among are close.Thus, the present invention utilizes the Two Dimensional Tidal Current Mathematical Modeling, maximum crossing current by encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel under the different tidal stencils of analog computation, inquire into the relation between navigation channel crossing current and the tidal range, thereby the empirical formula of further match Kou Men navigation channel crossing current, so that according to the tide prediction table, by navigation channel crossing current corresponding to the tidal range calculating of different cumulative frequencies, be design and management service.
Goal of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to set up the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel of encircling type mole and the dependency relation between the forecast tidal range, and then obtain the empirical formula of the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel.Utilize this empirical formula to estimate the maximum crossing current of mouthful door according to the tide prediction table in engineering marine site, and further obtain the maximum crossing current value of mouth door under distribution situation in year of maximum crossing current or a certain cumulative frequency in conjunction with the cumulative frequency analysis of forecast tidal range, thereby be used in reference to the design work of leading dimensions of the channel and the harbor district daily management mission of boats and ships entering and leaving port.
Summary of the invention:
1, wants the technical solution problem
For the encircling type mole, Kou Men navigation channel crossing current is paid close attention to by people always.On the one hand, in the design of dimensions of the channel, the size of crossing current directly affects the value of navigation channel effective width; On the other hand, when the boats and ships entering and leaving port, larger crossing current can cause boats and ships skew course line, directly affects ship running safety.
Considered navigation channel when crossing current to adopt the spring tide of certain actual measurement to carry out numerical simulation calculation as calculating tidal stencils more in the past, gained crossing current value as dimensions of the channel foundation whether reasonable in design and in the future harbor district operation after the reference of Control of Vessels Entering and Leaving Port.Mainly there are two problems in this traditional crossing current account form: at first, its result is corresponding is crossing current situation under a certain specific tidal stencils, is equivalent to random value, be difficult to reflect the long-term of crossing current or year in characteristic distributions, representativeness is outstanding not; Secondly, unknown for generally speaking crossing current size, be difficult to instruct real work.
2, technology path
In general, at the shallow water immediate offshore area, be subjected to the landform reflex, morning and evening tides generally has comparatively significant stationary wave characteristic, and trend and tidal range Relations Among are close.Thus, the present invention utilizes the Two Dimensional Tidal Current Mathematical Modeling, maximum crossing current by encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel under the different tidal stencils of analog computation, inquire into the relation between navigation channel crossing current and the tidal range, thereby the empirical formula of further match Kou Men navigation channel crossing current, so that according to the tide prediction table, by navigation channel crossing current corresponding to the tidal range calculating of different cumulative frequencies, be design and management service.
3, technical scheme
1) sets up Mathematical Modeling and checking
Set up engineering marine site two dimensional surface tidal current mathematical model, when carrying out the trend numerical computations, for opening the border, provided by eastern China sea tidal wave Mathematical Modeling; For closing the border, to follow the example of to flow velocity be 0 according to entering principle.In addition, also having adopted dried wet discrimination technology to carry out moving boundary processes.Utilize the actual measurement hydrological data that model parameter is carried out calibration, checking reaches the NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TIDAL of carrying out after the required precision after the engineering.
2) flow in definite navigation channel of calculating tidal stencils and calculating under the different tidal stencils
Tide prediction table data according to engineering zone or near oceanographic station, add up this station 1 year or forecast tidal range for many years, it is carried out the cumulative frequency analysis, determine the time of corresponding tidal range under the different cumulative frequencies and generation thereof, choose on this basis a series of time periods of containing than the macrotidal range scope, utilize eastern China sea large-sized model that corresponding model tidal boundary and then analog computation Kou Men navigation channel crossing current is provided, obtain the navigation channel crossing current situation under the different tidal stencils.
3) the dependency relation analysis of forecast tidal range and Kou Men navigation channel crossing current
According to the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel that calculates under the different forecast of the gained tidal range, the relation between the maximum crossing current in analytical port door navigation channel and the forecast tidal range.Analyze to find, in the significant zone of stationary wave characteristic, have good linear correlation relation between the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel and the forecast tidal range, the empirical formula that thus can the maximum navigation channel of match outlet portal flows over:
V＝k1H+b
Wherein, V is the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel; Δ H is the forecast tidal range of corresponding oceanographic station; K, b are empirical coefficient.
4) Kou Men navigation channel crossing current estimates and the cumulative frequency analysis
Utilize the gained empirical formula not only can estimate generally speaking crossing current, the cumulative frequency distribution situation that can also obtain flowing over.
At first, according to the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel with forecast between the tidal range one to one linear relationship, bringing the forecast tidal range of different cumulative frequencies into formula calculates, can obtain the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel under the corresponding cumulative frequency, and then the cumulative frequency that can obtain flowing over distributes, thereby the design standard of cumulative frequency is incorporated in the middle of the design of dimensions of the channel, has only avoided in the in the past navigation channel design surveying once that digital-to-analogue under the spring tide is calculated the crossing current value and the representative not enough defective that causes with reference to certain.
Secondly, obtain paying close attention to the maximum of period according to tide table and forecast tidal range, bring empirical formula into and can estimate the maximum crossing current in the Kou Men navigation channel that obtains this period, realize the forecast work of navigation channel crossing current, managing for the daily entering and leaving port of boats and ships provides scientific guidance.
The advantage of invention:
(1) the Two Dimensional Tidal Current Mathematical Modeling set up of the present invention will comprise whole engineering marine site, and through the checking of field measurement data, result of calculation is rationally credible, the crossing current of setting up and the dependency relation between the tidal range can reflect the rule of the maximum crossing current in encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel, engineering marine site preferably, and result of calculation can be served the daily operation management work of navigation channel design and harbor district.
(2) utilize the present invention can forecast easily the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel of encircling type mole.The user only need to according to the forecast tidal range in the tide prediction table, can utilize fitting formula to calculate comparatively exactly the maximum crossing current in corresponding Kou Men navigation channel, thereby manage scientifically and rationally the operation of boats and ships entering and leaving port.
(3) in conjunction with the cumulative frequency analysis of forecasting tidal range, the present invention can give the year of the maximum crossing current in outlet portal navigation channel interior the distribution or the corresponding crossing current size of different cumulative frequency, and then the design standard of cumulative frequency is incorporated in the middle of the design of navigation channel, only avoided in the in the past navigation channel design surveying once that digital-to-analogue under the spring tide is calculated the crossing current value and the representative not enough defective that causes with reference to certain.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 PORT OF LIANYUNGANG 30 ton navigation channel arrangement diagrams
Marine site, Fig. 2 Lianyun Harbour tidal current mathematical model scope schematic diagram
The different maximum crossing currents that calculate under the tidal range in Fig. 3 Lianyun Harbour district
The maximum crossing current of Fig. 4 Lianyun Harbour district mouth door and the dependency relation of forecasting the rising tide tidal range
Fig. 5 is the maximum crossing current of country fair harbor district mouth door and the dependency relation of forecasting the rising tide tidal range slowly
Embodiment:
Provide the embodiment of encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel, marine site, Lianyun Harbour crossing current computational methods that the present invention proposes below in conjunction with Lianyun Harbour district of PORT OF LIANYUNGANG 30 ton waterway engineerings and Xu's country fair harbor district:
(1) engineering proposal general introduction
When carrying out the crossing current calculating research of encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel, PORT OF LIANYUNGANG, consideration Lianyun Harbour district all dredges with the approach channel of Xu's country fair harbor district and is deep to 30 tons.Wherein, Lianyun Harbour district approach channel moves towards 63 °-243 °, and is below the theoretical basal plane of absolute altitude at the bottom of the navigation channel-22.5m(, lower same), navigation channel bottom width 350m, side slope 1:7; Xu's country fair harbor district approach channel moves towards 16 °-196 °, absolute altitude-22.5m at the bottom of the navigation channel, navigation channel bottom width 360m, side slope 1:7; The filling estuarine project is built, and double-leading-dike extends to-2m isobath place, crest level 3m.Specifically arrange such as Fig. 1.
(2) set up tidal current mathematical model
Set up the about 8648km of water surface area
2Mathematical Modeling, as shown in Figure 2.The discrete of zoning all adopts rectangular mesh, and utilizes the Grid Nesting method to encrypt gradually, and model maximum mesh yardstick is 405m * 405m, and engineering zone mesh scale is 15m * 15m, can satisfy the computational accuracy requirement.
The circle, west of marine site, Lianyun Harbour tidal current mathematical model, south bound are the border, land, and circle, the north, circle, east are water boundaries.When carrying out the trend numerical computations, for opening the border, provided by eastern China sea tidal wave Mathematical Modeling; For closing the border, to follow the example of to flow velocity be 0 according to entering principle.In addition, also having adopted dried wet discrimination technology to carry out moving boundary processes.
For making the actual motion situation of the tidal current mathematical model energy simulate current of setting up, need carry out calibration and checking to model, determine calculating parameter wherein.The present invention utilizes respectively the large, medium and small tide in July, 2004, and the hydrologic survey that the big or middle tide in September, 2005 and guide's examination in 2010 are dug during the back-silting observation is carried out calibration to this model.Empirical tests, result of calculation and field data coincide better.
(3) navigation channel maximum crossing current feature and influence factor
In the tide prediction table of Lianyun Harbour oceanographic station in 2004, a series of time periods of containing than the macrotidal range scope have been chosen, the calculating of flowing over.Fig. 3 then provides the relation between Lianyun Harbour district fluctuation tide crossing current and the fluctuation tide tidal range.Table 1 and table 2 have provided respectively the maximum crossing current of the fluctuation trend result of calculation in Lianyun Harbour district, analyze and find:
The maximum crossing current of fluctuation tide of zero calculating gained increases with the increase of fluctuation tide tidal range, and extraordinary corresponding relation is arranged between the two.
The maximum crossing current of zero rising tide illustrates in marine site, Lianyun Harbour that obviously greater than ebb tide the maximum crossing current in the navigation channel of encircling type breakwater gap is by rising tide control.
Zero flood tide the maximum crossing current for Lianyun Harbour district mainly is positioned at outdoors 0.6 ~ 0.85km boat groove section of mouth, goes out now then in the 1.0h before high water mark.
Zero for the maximum crossing current of the ebb tide in Lianyun Harbour district, mainly is positioned at outdoors 1.4 ~ 1.6km boat groove section of mouth, goes out the now of 0.5 ~ 2.5h before low tide then.
Zero also calculates for the maximum crossing current in Xu's country fair harbor district Kou Men navigation channel, and situation and Lianyun Harbour district are substantially close, that is to say maximum crossing current by flood tide control, and flood tide, and maximum crossing current is positioned at outdoors 100 ~ 200m boat groove section of mouth, betides in the front 1.5h of high water mark.
(4) flood tide tidal range and cumulative frequency
Respectively by, the ageing of 2004-2006,2004-2008 in 2004, flood tide the tidal range cumulative frequency of having added up 1,3,5 year, concrete outcome sees Table 3.Can find out that under the identical cumulative frequency, the rising tide tidal range difference in different statistics times is very little, can use the tide prediction table in a certain year, adds up rising tide tidal range cumulative frequency.
(5) dependency relation of rising tide tidal range and crossing current
The marine site, Lianyun Harbour that utilization is set up is tidal current mathematical model on a large scale, according to the corresponding tidal stencils of different cumulative frequencies rising tide tidal ranges, calculates Lianyun Harbour district, the maximum crossing current in Xu's country fair harbor district Kou Men navigation channel, the results detailed in Table 4.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 have provided respectively Lianyun Harbour district and the maximum crossing current in Xu's country fair harbor district Kou Men navigation channel and forecast flood tide the dependency relation of tidal range, and crossing current empirical formula separately is suc as formula shown in (1) and the formula (2).For Lianyun Harbour district:
V＝0.178(H10.1566，R=0.956 （1）
For Xu's country fair harbor district:
V＝0.1566(H10.1525，R=0.946 （2）
In the formula: V---maximum navigation channel crossing current (m/s); The rising tide tidal range (m) at 1H---station, corresponding Lianyun Harbour.
The maximum crossing current of the different tidal stencils ebb currents in table 1 Lianyun Harbour district result of calculation
The maximum crossing current of the different tidal stencils flood currents in table 2 Lianyun Harbour district result of calculation
Table 3 rising tide tidal range statistical form
The digital-to-analogue calculated value of maximum crossing current and formula calculated value are relatively under the different cumulative frequencies of table 4
Claims (1)
1. the maximum crossing current in encircling type breakwater gap navigation channel is determined method, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) sets up Mathematical Modeling and checking
Set up engineering marine site two dimensional surface tidal current mathematical model, utilize the actual measurement hydrological data that model parameter is carried out calibration, checking reaches the NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TIDAL of carrying out after the required precision after the engineering;
(2) flow in definite navigation channel of calculating tidal stencils and calculating under the different tidal stencils
Tide prediction table data according to engineering zone or near oceanographic station, add up this station 1 year or forecast tidal range for many years, it is carried out the cumulative frequency analysis, determine the time of corresponding tidal range under the different cumulative frequencies and generation thereof, choose on this basis a series of time periods of containing than the macrotidal range scope, utilize corresponding model tidal boundary and then analog computation Kou Men navigation channel crossing current, obtain the navigation channel crossing current under the different tidal stencils;
(3) the dependency relation analysis of forecast tidal range and Kou Men navigation channel crossing current
According to maximum crossing current the in Kou Men navigation channel of calculating under the different forecast of the gained tidal range, the relation between the maximum crossing current in analytical port door navigation channel and the forecast tidal range, carry the empirical formula that flows in the maximum navigation channel of outlet portal:
Wherein, V is the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel; Δ H is the forecast tidal range of corresponding oceanographic station; K, b are empirical coefficient;
(4) Kou Men navigation channel crossing current estimates and the cumulative frequency analysis
Utilize the gained empirical formula, according to the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel with forecast between the tidal range one to one linear relationship, bringing the forecast tidal range of different cumulative frequencies into formula calculates, can obtain the maximum crossing current in Kou Men navigation channel under the corresponding cumulative frequency, and then the cumulative frequency that can obtain flowing over distributes; Obtain paying close attention to the maximum of period according to tide table and forecast tidal range, bring empirical formula into and can estimate the maximum crossing current in the Kou Men navigation channel that obtains this period.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103778282A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 河海大学 | Effective channel width design method based on maximum transverse flow cumulative frequency |
| CN103774605A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 河海大学 | Designing method for improving encircled-type harbor basin water body exchanging capacity |
| CN104631377A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-05-20 | 河海大学 | Design method of encircled harbor area water exchange passage |
| CN106971024A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-21 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of navigation channel effective width design method based on maximum crossing current cumulative frequency |
| CN116467790A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-21 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Discrimination method for optimizing plane layout of breakwater in half-shelter harbor area |
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| CN106980707B (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2019-11-12 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | Stream interface Parameters design is chosen in a kind of reversion of steep wall seawall trend |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103778282A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 河海大学 | Effective channel width design method based on maximum transverse flow cumulative frequency |
| CN103774605A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 河海大学 | Designing method for improving encircled-type harbor basin water body exchanging capacity |
| CN104631377A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-05-20 | 河海大学 | Design method of encircled harbor area water exchange passage |
| CN106971024A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-21 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of navigation channel effective width design method based on maximum crossing current cumulative frequency |
| CN116467790A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-21 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Discrimination method for optimizing plane layout of breakwater in half-shelter harbor area |
| CN116467790B (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-08-25 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Discrimination method for optimizing plane layout of breakwater in half-shelter harbor area |
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