CN112161670A - River channel water level correction method considering time sequence and spatial structure - Google Patents
River channel water level correction method considering time sequence and spatial structure Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
- G01C1/02—Theodolites
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
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Abstract
The invention discloses a river water level correction method considering time sequence and spatial structure, which comprises the following steps: s1, utilizing representative time-sharing water levels observed in the complex water area, and determining the number of the water levels; s2, recording a water side measuring point; s3, calculating the water level of each water level station at the time point of data acquisition recorded by each measuring point; s4, calculating the distance between the measuring point and the water level station; s5, calculating the water level of each measuring point; s6, calculating the elevation value of the underwater measuring point, and the invention relates to the technical field of ocean mapping water depth measurement. According to the river course water level correction method considering the time sequence and the space structure, through time-sharing sequence and different space observation of the water level in the water area and time and space of the underwater measuring points, a time-space mathematical formula relation model of the water level and the underwater measuring points is obtained, and accurate calculation from an instantaneous water depth field, an instantaneous water level field to a stable depth field is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean mapping bathymetry, in particular to a river water level correction method considering time sequence and space structure.
Background
The underwater topography measurement mainly adopts a single-beam sounding system for measurement, mainly adopts GNSS positioning and an echo sounder for measuring water depth, and sometimes needs to convert a sounding value of an underwater measuring point into a specifically required elevation value (namely water level correction) due to use requirements.
In the prior art, a single water level comprehensive value is adopted for correction at present, but when the water level of a specific measuring point is calculated, the position, the time and the like related to the water level are related, different water level values are adopted for each measuring point according to the position, the time, the position of a water level station and the time of the water level value of the measuring point, and compared with the uncertainty of the water level value of a inland river water area, the prior art generally has no relatively mature and fixed model and formula, and the water level correction methods are different, so that the water level correction values are slightly different.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a river water level correction method considering time sequence and space structure, and solves the problem that the water level correction value has difference due to uncertainty of the water level value of a river water area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a river water level correction method considering time sequence and spatial structure comprises the following steps:
s1, utilizing representative time-sharing water levels observed in the complex water area, and determining the number of the water levels;
s2, recording a water side measuring point;
s3, calculating the water level of each water level station at the time point of data acquisition recorded by each measuring point;
s4, calculating the distance between the measuring point and the water level station;
s5, calculating the water level of each measuring point;
and S6, calculating the elevation value of the underwater measuring point.
In step S1, the number of water levels to be laid out is determined depending on the flow state of the water area, and is generally equal to or greater than 3, using a representative time-division water level observed in a complex water area, and these water levels change nonlinearly with time.
Further, in the step S2, the water level start time should be before all the underwater stations, and the water level end time should be after all the underwater stations; each water level should have a time series observation value (including time and water level value) and a space position coordinate; the recorded content of each underwater measuring point comprises an instantaneous coordinate value, a water depth value and a time value.
Further, in the step S3, according to the formula
Calculation of where HsnRecording time t for data acquisition of measuring point nnWater level of a certain water level station, t1、t2Observing the time sequence of the upper sum t for the water level stationnTwo times before and after the closest approach are taken,
standing at a certain water level1、t2The water level at the moment.
Further, in the step S4, according to the formula
Calculation of where xn、ynFor measuring the coordinates, x, of a point nm、ymIs the coordinate of the water level station m.
Further, in the step S5, the water level calculation formula for each measurement point is
In the formula, HnTo measure the water level of point n, HsmAnd recording the water level of the mth water level station at the moment of acquiring data for the measuring point n.
Further, in step S16, the elevation value of the underwater survey point is calculated as Zn＝Hn-SnIn the formula ZnFor measuring the elevation value of point n, SnThe water depth value of the measuring point n is obtained.
The recording device for acquiring the water level site survey data comprises a recording assembly, the recording assembly comprises a substrate, page clamps are arranged at the top of the substrate, a groove is formed in one side of the substrate, and paper is arranged in the groove; the protective component is fixed on the substrate and comprises a first magic tape and a second magic tape; the clamping assembly is fixed on the top of the substrate and comprises a base, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the top of the base, the top of the base is rotatably connected with an arc-shaped clamping plate, the top of the arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly connected with an inclined guide block, the bottom of the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove is fixedly connected with a tension spring, and the top of the tension spring is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped rod; the writing pen is arranged on the clamping assembly.
Further, the first magic tape is fixed on the top of the substrate, the second magic tape is fixed on the bottom of the substrate, and the first magic tape is matched with the second magic tape.
Furthermore, the base is fixed on the top of the base plate, one end of the arc-shaped rod is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped clamping plates, the number of the arc-shaped clamping plates is two, and the two arc-shaped clamping plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the writing pen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the river course water level correction method considering the time sequence and the spatial structure, a time-sharing sequence and different space observation of the water level in the water area are carried out, and a time-space mathematical formula relation model of the water level and the underwater measuring points is obtained through the time and the space of the underwater measuring points, so that accurate calculation from an instantaneous water depth field and an instantaneous water level field to a stable depth field is realized, and a stable depth field with higher accuracy is obtained.
(2) According to the river channel water level correction method taking the time sequence and the spatial structure into consideration, the problem of the reproduction and calculation of the water level of a complex water area is effectively solved through formula derivation and mathematical relationship by the underwater measuring point water level correction method taking the time sequence and the spatial structure into consideration, the mapping precision of an underwater topographic map is greatly improved, good economic benefits and social benefits are achieved, and the method is suitable for popularization and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a water level correction basic structure of a first embodiment of an underwater measurement point water level correction method taking into account time series and spatial structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a water level correction space structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a spatial structure of water level station layout and measurement points;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of time-series water level differences;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a water level correction method for underwater measurement points with consideration of time series and spatial structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a side view of the substrate shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a point a shown in fig. 6.
In the figure: 1-recording device, 11-substrate, 12-page clip, 13-groove, 14-paper, 2-protection component, 21-first protection component, 22-second magic tape, 3-clamping component, 31-base, 32-arc groove, 33-arc card board, 34-inclined guide block, 35-tension spring, 36-arc rod and 4-writing pen.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a river water level correction method considering time sequence and spatial structure comprises the following steps:
s1, utilizing representative time-sharing water levels observed in the complex water area, and determining the number of the water levels;
s2, recording a water side measuring point;
s3, calculating the water level of each water level station at the time point of data acquisition recorded by each measuring point;
s4, calculating the distance between the measuring point and the water level station;
s5, calculating the water level of each measuring point;
and S6, calculating the elevation value of the underwater measuring point.
Acquiring underwater data: the method comprises the steps of actually surveying ahead of site, conveniently determining the installation position and the installation quantity of equipment according to survey data, recording, installing a depth finder, utilizing a total station with an aiming vertical wire, a theodolite and a level to assist in installation, enabling a depth finder transducer to be vertical in a ship static state, installing a GNSS antenna, utilizing the total station with the aiming vertical wire, the theodolite, the level or a plumb to assist in realizing that a phase center of the GNSS antenna is in the same position with a phase center of the depth finder in the vertical direction, measuring the draft of the transducer, measuring the sound velocity of a water body, and measuring sound velocity profile data if the water body has a temperature gradient.
Acquiring water level data: the water level station can be preset in the observation water area range according to the existing topographic data or an online electronic map, the selected water level station can control the water level change condition of the water area, and the water level change is recorded by adopting the following mode:
water level recording observation meter
Date: 2020.05.20 river reach name river reach 1
Water level recording observation meter
Date: 2020.05.20 river reach name river reach 1
Water level recording observation meter
Date: 2020.05.20 river reach name river reach 1
Water level recording observation meter
Date: 2020.05.20 river reach name river reach 1
In step S1, a representative time-phased water level observed in a complex water area is used, and the number of water levels to be laid out is generally equal to or greater than 3 depending on the state of the water area, and these water levels change nonlinearly with time.
Through the observation of the water level time-sharing sequence and different spaces in the water area and the time and space of the underwater measuring points, a time-space mathematical formula relation model of the water level and the underwater measuring points is obtained, the accurate calculation from an instantaneous water depth field, an instantaneous water level field to a stable depth field is realized, and a stable depth field with higher precision is obtained.
In step S2, the water level start time is before all the underwater stations, and the water level end time is after all the underwater stations; each water level should have a time series observation value (including time and water level value) and a space position coordinate; the recorded content of each underwater measuring point comprises an instantaneous coordinate value, a water depth value and a time value.
In the step S3, according to the formula
Calculation of where HsnRecording time t for data acquisition of measuring point nnWater level of a certain water level station, t1、t2Observing the time sequence of the upper sum t for the water level stationnTwo times before and after the closest approach are taken,
to a certain water level stationAt t1、t2The water level at the moment.
In said step S4, according to the formula
Calculation of where xn、ynFor measuring the coordinates, x, of a point nm、ymIs the coordinate of the water level station m.
In step S5, the water level calculation formula for each measurement point is
In the formula, HnTo measure the water level of point n, HsmAnd recording the water level of the mth water level station at the moment of acquiring data for the measuring point n.
In step S16, the elevation value of the underwater survey point is calculated as Zn＝Hn-SnIn the formula ZnFor measuring the elevation value of point n, SnThe water depth value of the measuring point n is obtained.
Second embodiment
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, based on a river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure provided in the first embodiment of the present application, a second embodiment of the present application provides another river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure. The second embodiment is only the preferred mode of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment does not affect the implementation of the first embodiment alone.
Specifically, the river water level correction method taking into account the time sequence and the spatial structure provided by the second embodiment of the present application is different in that the river water level correction method taking into account the time sequence and the spatial structure further includes that the recording device for collecting water level field survey data includes a recording assembly 1, the recording assembly 1 includes a substrate 11, a page clamp 12 is disposed at the top of the substrate 11, a groove 13 is disposed at one side of the substrate 11, and paper 14 is disposed inside the groove 13; the protective component 2 is fixed on the substrate 11, and the protective component 2 comprises a first magic tape 21 and a second magic tape 22; the clamping assembly 3 is fixed on the top of the base plate 11, the clamping assembly 3 comprises a base 31, an arc-shaped groove 32 is formed in the top of the base 31, the top of the base 31 is rotatably connected with an arc-shaped clamping plate 33, an inclined guide block 34 is fixedly connected to the top of the arc-shaped clamping plate 33, a tension spring 35 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 32, and an arc-shaped rod 36 is fixedly connected to the top of the tension spring 35; the writing pen 4 is arranged on the clamping assembly 3.
The base plate 11 is made to have rigid plastic, conveniently write the record, can make things convenient for depositing of paper 14 through recess 13, can be with the quality to base plate 11 again, conveniently carry base plate 11, use page clamp 12 can press from both sides tightly paper 14 on base plate 11, conveniently carry out the inside record of site survey through writing pen 4, the collection and the arrangement of the data of being convenient for need not the connecting network, even also can carry out fine data record in some comparatively poor areas of remote network.
The first magic tape 21 is fixed on the top of the substrate 11, the second magic tape 22 is fixed on the bottom of the substrate 11, and the first magic tape 21 is matched with the second magic tape 22.
One end of the first magic tape 21 is adhered to the second magic tape 22, so that the groove 13 can be shielded, the paper 14 is prevented from falling off, the first magic tape 21 and the second magic tape 22 can be quickly separated, and the paper 14 can be conveniently taken out and stored.
The base 31 is fixed on the top of the substrate 11, one end of the arc-shaped rod 36 is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped clamping plates 33, two arc-shaped clamping plates 33 are arranged, and the two arc-shaped clamping plates 33 are respectively arranged on two sides of the writing pen 4.
The working principle is as follows:
in a water area with complicated river channel water level changes, the water level in the water area has upstream and downstream fall and left and right bank cross slope, and changes in a nonlinear way along with the time, and the real-time water level observation cannot be carried out on each measuring point due to different time and different spaces.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A river course water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, utilizing representative time-sharing water levels observed in the complex water area, and determining the number of the water levels;
s2, recording a water side measuring point;
s3, calculating the water level of each water level station at the time point of data acquisition recorded by each measuring point;
s4, calculating the distance between the measuring point and the water level station;
s5, calculating the water level of each measuring point;
and S6, calculating the elevation value of the underwater measuring point.
2. The river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, a representative time-phased water level observed in a complex water area is used, and the number of water levels to be laid out is generally equal to or greater than 3 depending on the state of the water area, and these water levels change nonlinearly with time.
3. The river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the water level start time is before all the underwater stations, and the water level end time is after all the underwater stations; each water level should have a time series observation value (including time and water level value) and a space position coordinate; the recorded content of each underwater measuring point comprises an instantaneous coordinate value, a water depth value and a time value.
4. The river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, according to the formula
Calculation of where HsnRecording time t for data acquisition of measuring point nnWater level of a certain water level station, t1、t2Observing the time sequence of the upper sum t for the water level stationnTwo times before and after the closest approach are taken,
standing at a certain water level1、t2The water level at the moment.
5. The river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in said step S4, according to the formula
Calculation of where xn、ynFor measuring the coordinates, x, of a point nm、ymIs the coordinate of the water level station m.
6. The river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S5, the water level calculation formula for each measurement point is
In the formula, HnTo measure the water level of point n, HsmAnd recording the water level of the mth water level station at the moment of acquiring data for the measuring point n.
7. The river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S16, the elevation value of the underwater survey point is calculated as Zn＝Hn-SnIn the formula ZnFor measuring the elevation value of point n, SnThe water depth value of the measuring point n is obtained.
8. The river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the recording device for collecting the water level site survey data comprises
The recording assembly comprises a substrate, a page clamp is arranged at the top of the substrate, a groove is formed in one side of the substrate, and paper is arranged in the groove;
the protective component is fixed on the substrate and comprises a first magic tape and a second magic tape;
the clamping assembly is fixed on the top of the substrate and comprises a base, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the top of the base, the top of the base is rotatably connected with an arc-shaped clamping plate, the top of the arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly connected with an inclined guide block, the bottom of the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove is fixedly connected with a tension spring, and the top of the tension spring is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped rod;
the writing pen is arranged on the clamping assembly.
9. The river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: the first magic tape is fixed on the top of the base plate, the second magic tape is fixed on the bottom of the base plate, and the first magic tape is matched with the second magic tape.
10. The river water level correction method considering time series and spatial structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: the base is fixed in the top of base plate, the one end of arc pole with arc cardboard fixed connection, the arc cardboard is provided with two altogether, two the arc cardboard set up respectively in the both sides of writing pen.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115979304A (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2023-04-18 | 长江水利委员会水文局 | Depth sounding error correction method based on real environment reference field |
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