CN107882639A - 一种隔热罩 - Google Patents

一种隔热罩 Download PDF

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CN107882639A
CN107882639A CN201711070506.XA CN201711070506A CN107882639A CN 107882639 A CN107882639 A CN 107882639A CN 201711070506 A CN201711070506 A CN 201711070506A CN 107882639 A CN107882639 A CN 107882639A
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layer
thermal insulation
heat shield
insulation layer
basalt
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CN107882639B (zh
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巨龙
王猛
裴曦
张相盟
杨亚龙
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Xian Aerospace Propulsion Institute
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/24—Heat or noise insulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/067—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/002—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising natural stone or artificial stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic

Abstract

本发明属于航空航天技术领域，具体涉及一种隔热罩，目的在于解决现有隔热罩对复杂曲面、开孔部件包裹能力不足以及在低温环境下易有水汽渗入产生积冰的问题。本发明的技术方案是：一种隔热罩，包括多个隔热单元，所述隔热单元包括依次设置的内层、隔热层、防水层和外层，所述内层为玄武岩平纹布，隔热层为玄武岩针刺毡，防水层为玻璃纤维布，外层为玄武岩纤维芳纶混纺；相邻隔热单元的内层与内层、隔热层与隔热层、防水层与防水层以及外层与外层间直接缝合在一起形成罩体。其高温性能和低温性能稳定，在低温环境下水汽较难渗入，不会产生积冰。

Description

一种隔热罩
技术领域
本发明属于航空航天技术领域，具体涉及一种隔热罩。
背景技术
航空航天领域中发动机或大型设备需阻隔内外界热量交换，因此需使用隔热罩进行温度隔离。结合航天发动机使用要求，隔热罩需具备导热系数小、质量轻、耐高温、耐低温以及便于拆装和重复使用等特点。随着火箭发动机的发展，低温路氧腔容积越来越大，工作时流量越来越高，在面对新一代发动机时，现有隔热罩的预冷时间长、局部包覆能力不佳，公开号为CN203476511U所公开的一种隔热罩中，各个隔热层材料适用温度范围宽，导热系数小、密度小、阻燃级别高，但是对于复杂立体曲面包裹时，需要多块隔热罩搭接完成，在隔热罩块间连接时缺少防水层防护，因此在低温环境下易有水汽渗入，导致积冰。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有隔热罩对复杂曲面、开孔部件包裹能力不足以及在低温环境下易有水汽渗入产生积冰的问题，而提供了一种隔热罩。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：
一种隔热罩，包括多个隔热单元，所述隔热单元包括依次设置的内层、隔热层、防水层和外层，其特殊之处在于：所述内层为玄武岩平纹布，隔热层为玄武岩针刺毡，防水层为玻璃纤维布，外层为玄武岩纤维芳纶混纺；相邻隔热单元的内层与内层、隔热层与隔热层、防水层与防水层以及外层与外层间直接缝合在一起形成罩体。
进一步地，相邻的内层与内层间暗缝连接；相邻的隔热层与隔热层间搭缝连接，相邻的防水层与防水层间平缝连接；相邻的外层与外层间暗缝连接。
进一步地，相邻的隔热层与隔热层间的缝口加衬玄武岩混纺布或玄武岩平纹布采用“之”字型缝制连接在一起。
进一步地，还包括绳带固定扣和用于连接绳带固定扣的绳带，所述绳带固定扣对称固定在罩体外层两侧。
进一步地，还包括位于绳带固定扣外侧相互配合的粘扣和搭接片，其中粘扣缝接在罩体内层，搭接片缝接在罩体外层。
进一步地，所述隔热层的厚度为6mm。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
1、本发明隔热罩的内层为玄武岩平纹布，隔热层为玄武岩针刺毡，防水层为玻璃纤维布，外层为玄武岩纤维芳纶混纺，高温性能和低温性能稳定，在低温环境下水汽较难渗入，不会产生积冰，提高隔热能力。
2、隔热罩包括多个隔热单元，相邻隔热单元的内层与内层、隔热层与隔热层、防水层与防水层以及外层与外层间直接缝合在一起，使隔热罩的曲面造型更加复杂，可以实现对复杂曲面和开孔部件的包裹，有效降低隔热罩分块数量，减少块间接缝，减轻结构重量。
3、隔热罩还包括粘扣、搭接片、绳带和固定扣，绳带固定扣对称固定在罩体的外层两侧，绳带穿过绳带固定扣将罩体的两侧对接在一起，搭接片与粘扣粘接进一步紧固，使隔热罩对复杂立体曲面包裹时连接紧密，可靠性高。
4、将隔热层的厚度设为6mm，不仅结构轻巧，而且能有效保证隔热罩的高温性能和低温性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种隔热罩的结构示意图；
图2是相邻隔热单元各层间的连接示意图；
图3是本发明隔热罩的外部连接结构示意图；
图4是本发明隔热罩的应用示意图。
图中：1—内层；2—隔热层；3—防水层；4—外层；5—玄武岩混纺布；6—绳带固定扣；7—搭接片；8—粘扣；9—绳带。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明：
参见图1和图2，一种隔热罩，包括多个隔热单元，所述隔热单元包括依次设置的内层1、隔热层2、防水层3和外层4，所述内层1 为玄武岩平纹布，隔热层2为6mm厚的玄武岩针刺毡，防水层3为玻璃纤维布，外层4为玄武岩纤维芳纶混纺；相邻隔热单元的内层1与内层1间暗缝连接、隔热层2与隔热层2间搭缝连接、防水层3与防水层3间平缝连接以及外层4与外层4间暗缝连接形成罩体。缝制时，相邻的隔热层2与隔热层2间的缝口加衬玄武岩平纹布5采用“之”字型缝制连接在一起。
参见图3和图4，将四层隔热罩包边缝合后，根据隔热罩连接要求，在罩体连接闭合处两侧缝制粘扣8和搭接片7，其中内层缝接粘扣8，外层缝接搭接片7，粘扣8与搭接片7间的罩体外层上设有绳带固定扣6，绳带固定扣6上绕接绳带9，在闭合连接处通过绳带9 进行连接，然后粘贴搭接片7和粘扣8在外侧进行紧固。

Claims (6)

1.一种隔热罩，包括多个隔热单元，所述隔热单元包括依次设置的内层(1)、隔热层(2)、防水层(3)和外层(4)，其特征在于：所述内层(1)为玄武岩平纹布，隔热层(2)为玄武岩针刺毡，防水层(3)为玻璃纤维布，外层(4)为玄武岩纤维芳纶混纺；相邻隔热单元的内层与内层、隔热层与隔热层、防水层与防水层以及外层与外层间直接缝合在一起形成罩体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔热罩，其特征在于：相邻的内(1)层与内层(1)间暗缝连接；相邻的隔热层(2)与隔热层(2)间搭缝连接，相邻的防水层(3)与防水层(3)间平缝连接；相邻的外层(4)与外层(4)间暗缝连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种隔热罩，其特征在于：相邻的隔热层(2)与隔热层(2)间的缝口加衬玄武岩混纺布或玄武岩平纹布采用“之”字型缝制连接在一起。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的一种隔热罩，其特征在于：还包括绳带固定扣(6)和用于连接绳带固定扣的绳带(9)，所述绳带固定扣(6)对称固定在罩体外层(4)两侧。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种隔热罩，其特征在于：还包括位于绳带固定扣(6)外侧相互配合的粘扣(8)和搭接片(7)，其中粘扣(8)缝接在罩体内层(1)，搭接片(7)缝接在罩体外层(4)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种隔热罩，其特征在于：所述隔热层(2)的厚度为6mm。
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