CN107877891B - 一种碳纤维增强peek复合材料型材的lft-d模压成型方法 - Google Patents

一种碳纤维增强peek复合材料型材的lft-d模压成型方法 Download PDF

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CN107877891B
CN107877891B CN201710987920.0A CN201710987920A CN107877891B CN 107877891 B CN107877891 B CN 107877891B CN 201710987920 A CN201710987920 A CN 201710987920A CN 107877891 B CN107877891 B CN 107877891B
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吴立豪
余奕珂
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Xinjiang Yuxin Mstar Technology Ltd Dalian
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • B29C70/545Perforating, cutting or machining during or after moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2071/00Use of polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone or PEK, i.e. polyetherketone or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid

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Abstract

本发明提供一种碳纤维增强PEEK复合材料型材的LFT‑D模压成型方法,将PEEK加入双螺杆挤出机进行熔融塑化,同时将长碳纤维通过导纱架加入双螺杆挤出机中部的开口处的进纱口,长碳纤维与PEEK在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合,经成型模具挤出型材坯料,按需裁剪,将型材坯料放置于模压模具中进行压制成型。本发明省去坯料的保温输送与机械手夹取步骤,操作方便;相比于模压成型、注塑成型、挤出成型碳纤维增强PEEK复合材料,强度与模量大幅提高,而且材料内部无气孔、缩松等缺陷。

Description

一种碳纤维增强PEEK复合材料型材的LFT-D模压成型方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子复合材料技术领域,涉及一种碳纤维增强PEEK复合材料型材的LFT-D模压成型方法。
背景技术
碳纤维增强PEEK模压成型多为短碳纤增强,不但不能提高材料的性能,反而会降低材料的性能。短碳纤维增强PEEK注塑成型,在成型过程中碳纤维多次遭受螺杆剪切作用,使纤维长度变短,从而导致机械性能降低,而且在制备厚壁管材时,由于熔体粘度较大,流动性很差,材料内部会出现气孔、缩松等缺陷,降低材料机械性能。
发明内容
针对目前碳纤维增强PEEK材料成型方面所存在的问题,本发明通过对现有LFT-D技术进行改进,直接将熔融物料加入模具中,尤其长纤维没有受到破坏,克服了物料保温消耗的大量电力资源和输送过程中需要高压、快速注入模具环节,省去坯料的保温输送与机械手夹取步骤,操作方便,进一步降低生产成本,提高效率;相比于模压成型、注塑成型、挤出成型,碳纤维增强PEEK复合材料的强度与模量大幅提高,而且材料内部无气孔、缩松等缺陷。
本发明是这样实现的:
(1)将PEEK纯树脂颗粒料加入双螺杆挤出机熔融塑化,双螺杆挤出机的转速设定为150-200rpm/min,双螺杆挤出机分为7个熔融塑炼区,各熔融塑炼区温度范围为370-400℃,机头温度400℃;
(2)将长碳纤维通过导纱架加入双螺杆挤出机中部的开口处的进纱口,长碳纤维与PEEK在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合,经机头挤出得到塑化复合料;所述碳纤维为12K粗纱,碳纤维的选取根据产品性能要求,可以选取T300、T700和T1000,加入数量为5-6束;
(3)塑化复合料通过与机头连接的型材成型模具挤出型材坯料,按需裁剪坯料,所述型材成型模具为管材模具或板材模具;
(4)将坯料放入模压模具中,将模具放入烤箱中加热,加热温度380-400℃,根据产品壁厚每3mm加热15~20min;优选的,管材每3mm加热15分钟,板材每3mm加热20分钟;
(5)快速取出模具放在压机上,加压到30-50MPa,保压15-30分钟,低于140℃脱模得到碳纤增强复合材料型材。
本发明通过对现有LFT-D模压技术改进,将几种树脂、纤维和填料通过双螺杆直接混炼改性,直接连续地送入聚合物熔体中,经成型模具挤出型材坯料,然后按需裁剪压制成型,此成型方法省去坯料的保温输送与机械手夹取步骤,操作方便,进一步降低生产成本,提高效率,还可以保证材料较好的强度和刚性,内部无缺陷。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点和有益效果:
1、采用LFT-D模压技术,将碳纤维直接连续地送入聚合物熔体中,经成型模具挤出型材坯料,然后按需裁剪压制成型,与传统成型方法相比将大幅提高材料的性能,强度与模量大幅提高,而且材料内部无气孔、缩松等缺陷。。
2、通过对现有LFT-D模压技术改进,省去坯料的保温输送与机械手夹取步骤,操作方便,进一步降低生产成本,提高效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种碳纤维增强PEEK复合材料型材的LFT-D模压成型方法示意图;
图2为本发明一种碳纤维增强PEEK复合材料型材的LFT-D模压成型方法流程图;
附图标注:1、PEEK纯树脂颗粒 2、长碳纤维 3、导纱架 4、双螺杆挤出机 5、进纱口6、型材成型模具 7、型材坯料 8、模压模具。
具体实施方式
下面通过附图和具体实施例详述本发明,但不限制本发明的保护范围。如无特殊说明,本发明所采用的实验方法均为常规方法,所用实验器材、材料、试剂等均可从化学公司购买。
实施例1
(1)将PEEK纯树脂颗粒料加入双螺杆挤出机熔融塑化,双螺杆挤出机的转速设定为150rpm/min,双螺杆挤出机各熔融塑炼区温度为:一区370℃,二区380℃,三区385℃,四区390℃,五区395℃,六区400℃,七区400℃,机头400℃。
(2)将5束长碳纤维通过导纱架加入双螺杆挤出机中部的开口处的进纱口,长碳纤维与PEEK在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合,经机头挤出得到塑化复合料。
(3)塑化复合料通过与机头连接的管材模具挤出管材坯料,管材坯料外径60mm,内径30mm,按100mm长裁剪管材坯料。
(4)将管材坯料放入模压模具中,将模具放入烤箱中加热,加热温度385℃,待模具温度达到385℃后,再加热75min。
(5)取出模具放在压机上,加压到30-50MPa,保压30min,低于140℃脱模得到碳纤增强复合材料管材。
实施例2
(1)将PEEK纯树脂颗粒料加入双螺杆挤出机熔融塑化,双螺杆挤出机的转速设定为200rpm/min,双螺杆挤出机各熔融塑炼区温度为:一区370℃,二区380℃,三区390℃,四区395℃,五区400℃,六区400℃,七区400℃,机头400℃。
(2)将6束长碳纤维通过导纱架加入双螺杆挤出机中部的开口处的进纱口,长碳纤维与PEEK在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合,经机头挤出得到塑化复合料。
(3)塑化复合料通过与机头连接的管材模具挤出管材坯料,管材坯料外径60mm,内径30mm,按100mm长裁剪管材坯料。
(4)将管材坯料放入模压模具中,将模具放入烤箱中加热,加热温度390℃,待模具温度达到390℃后,再加热75min。
(5)取出模具放在压机上,加压到30-50MPa,保压30min,低于140℃脱模得到碳纤增强复合材料管材。
实施例3
(1)将PEEK纯树脂颗粒料加入双螺杆挤出机熔融塑化,双螺杆挤出机的转速设定为150rpm/min,双螺杆挤出机各熔融塑炼区温度为:一区370℃,二区380℃,三区385℃,四区390℃,五区395℃,六区400℃,七区400℃,机头400℃。
(2)将5束长碳纤维通过导纱架加入双螺杆挤出机中部的开口处的进纱口,长碳纤维与PEEK在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合,经机头挤出得到塑化复合料。
(3)塑化复合料通过与机头连接的板材模具挤出板材坯料,板材坯料宽度200mm,厚度20mm,按200mm长裁剪板材坯料。
(4)将板材坯料放入模压模具中,将模具放入烤箱中加热,加热温度385℃,待模具温度达到385℃后,再加热100min。
(5)取出模具放在压机上,加压到30-50MPa,保压30min,低于140℃脱模得到碳纤增强复合材料管材。
实施例4
(1)将PEEK纯树脂颗粒料加入双螺杆挤出机熔融塑化,双螺杆挤出机的转速设定为200rpm/min,双螺杆挤出机各熔融塑炼区温度为:一区370℃,二区380℃,三区390℃,四区395℃,五区400℃,六区400℃,七区400℃,机头400℃。
(2)将6束长碳纤维通过导纱架加入双螺杆挤出机中部的开口处的进纱口,长碳纤维与PEEK在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合,经机头挤出得到塑化复合料。
(3)塑化复合料通过与机头连接的板材模具挤出板材坯料,板材坯料宽度200mm,厚度20mm,按100mm长裁剪板材坯料。
(4)将板材坯料放入模压模具中,将模具放入烤箱中加热,加热温度390℃,待模具温度达到390℃后,再加热100min。
(5)取出模具放在压机上,加压到30-50MPa,保压30min,低于140℃脱模得到碳纤增强复合材料管材。
表1不同成型方法碳纤维增强PEEK材料性能对比
模压成型粉料采用纤维粉增强原料,注塑成型和挤出成型所用原料是短纤维直接增强后切粒原料,实施例1-4中采用的是长纤维增强原料,从表1实施例1-4可以看出,碳纤维增强PEEK材料性能大幅提高,LFT-D模压成型工艺改善了纤维被剪断的可能性,纤维可以平行排列和分散,因而纤维含量较高,长度较长,其力学性能也远高于其他几种碳纤维PEEK复合材料。
以上所述,仅为本发明创造较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明创造的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明创造披露的技术范围内,根据本发明创造的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明创造的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种碳纤维增强PEEK复合材料型材的LFT-D模压成型方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将PEEK纯树脂颗粒料加入双螺杆挤出机熔融塑化,双螺杆挤出机的转速设定为150-200rpm/min,双螺杆挤出机分为7个熔融塑炼区,各熔融塑炼区温度范围为370-400℃,机头温度400℃;
(2)将长碳纤维通过导纱架加入双螺杆挤出机中部的开口处的进纱口,长碳纤维与PEEK在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合,经机头挤出得到塑化复合料;所述碳纤维为12K粗纱,加入数量为5-6束;
(3)塑化复合料通过与机头连接的型材成型模具挤出型材坯料,按需裁剪坯料;
(4)将坯料放入模压模具中,将模具放入烤箱中加热,加热温度380-400℃,根据产品壁厚每3mm加热15~20min;
(5)快速取出模具放在压机上,加压到30-50MPa,保压15-30分钟,低于140℃脱模得到碳纤增强复合材料型材。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中各熔融塑炼区温度为:一区370℃,二区380℃,三区385-390℃,四区390-395℃,五区395-400℃,六区400℃,七区400℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中根据产品性能要求,长碳纤维选取T300、T700或T1000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中型材成型模具为管材模具或板材模具。
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