CN103978651A - 一种玻璃纤维增强pa的lft-d成型工艺 - Google Patents

一种玻璃纤维增强pa的lft-d成型工艺 Download PDF

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CN103978651A
CN103978651A CN201410189494.2A CN201410189494A CN103978651A CN 103978651 A CN103978651 A CN 103978651A CN 201410189494 A CN201410189494 A CN 201410189494A CN 103978651 A CN103978651 A CN 103978651A
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glass fibre
polymer film
screw extruder
lft
glass fiber
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王永刚
蔡秋红
陈智明
程国龙
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Fujian Haiyuan New Material Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92085—Velocity
    • B29C2948/92104—Flow or feed rate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92209—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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Abstract

本发明提供一种玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺，包括：步骤10、向一阶双螺杆挤出机中加入PA进行熔融塑化；熔融PA料通过一阶双螺杆挤出机的模头形成聚合物薄膜；步骤20、将玻璃纤维切割成断；每段长约24-25mm；步骤30、将切割成断后的玻璃纤维与聚合物薄膜汇合并分散到聚合物薄膜内；步骤40、玻璃纤维与聚合物薄膜汇合后一同进入到二阶双螺杆挤出机中，玻璃纤维与PA在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合，并挤出；步骤40、将玻璃纤维与PA混合料切断，最后由机械手夹取置于压制模具中进行压制成型。本发明主要是实现省去半成品步骤、直接一步法生产、改善纤维被剪断的可能性。

Description

一种玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺。
【背景技术】
GMT(纤维增强热塑性片材，简称GMT)和LFT-G(一种长纤维增强热塑性材料)均需要两个成熟的工艺，即：片材(预浸渍)的成型和制品的压塑成型/长颗粒的成型和制品的注塑成型或模压成型。其中，实现长玻璃纤维增强PA(PA，聚酰胺，俗称尼龙)的造粒工艺是难点，长玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料粒料是长纤维经过特殊的模头后纤维束均匀的分散包裹在树脂基体中，并根据需要切成的不同长度的料条，纤维长度与粒料的长度相同。由于PA的粘度较高，熔体容易冷却凝固，不利于纤维的充分浸润，难以实现长纤维在树脂基体中的均匀分散，而浸渍不良导致在造粒过程中不易切断，切断过程中会出现抽丝、飞丝等。且纤维在挤出过程中，经螺杆的剪切后，纤维长度缩短，经注塑后纤维进一步被剪切，变得更短，玻璃纤维的增强效果进一步被削弱。
【发明内容】
本发明要解决的技术问题，在于提供一种玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺，主要是实现省去半成品步骤、直接一步法生产、改善纤维被剪断的可能性。
本发明是这样实现的：一种玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺，包括：
步骤10、向一阶双螺杆挤出机中加入PA进行熔融塑化，所述PA为PA6或PA66，一阶双螺杆挤出机转速设定为130～270rpm/min，挤出机温度设定为240～280℃；熔融PA料通过一阶双螺杆挤出机的模头形成聚合物薄膜；
步骤20、将玻璃纤维切割成断；每段长约24-25mm；
步骤30、将切割成断后的玻璃纤维与聚合物薄膜汇合并分散到聚合物薄膜内，其中PA的用量为总质量的50-70％，玻璃纤维用量为总质量的30-50％；
步骤40、玻璃纤维与聚合物薄膜汇合后一同进入到二阶双螺杆挤出机中，玻璃纤维与PA在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合，并挤出；其中，二阶双螺杆的转速设定为150～250rpm/min，温度设定为240～280℃；
步骤40、在二阶双螺杆挤出机模头处由切刀将玻璃纤维与PA混合料切断，最后由机械手夹取置于压制模具中进行压制成型，其中，模具上模设定温度为50±10℃，下模设定温度为40±10℃，保压时间为90±30s，压机上升速度为1.4～2.0V，压机下降速度为1.4～2.0V；
其中所述步骤10和步骤20不限先后顺序。
进一步的，所述步骤40中玻璃纤维与PA混合料的切断量与所需压制的产品重量成正比。
进一步的，所述步骤10中，熔融PA料通过一阶双螺杆挤出机的模头形成聚合物薄膜为类似瀑布的聚合物薄膜。
进一步的，所述步骤20中玻璃纤维的切割和步骤30中玻璃纤维的分散是通过纤维输送系统进行。
进一步的，所述步骤40中，压机上升速度2.8～3.9mm/s,压机下降速度2.2～4.4mm/s。
本发明具有如下优点：由于尼龙成型周期短，很容易固化，纯尼龙不易进行挤出加工，而本发明加入玻璃纤维能够使得尼龙料易于挤出、牵引。省去了半成品加工环节，避免了树脂的多次加热，节省了能耗，工艺成本低。LFT-D低的塑化要求改善了纤维被剪断的可能性，纤维可以平行排列和分散，因而纤维含量较高，长度较长，其力学性能也远高于短纤维复合材料。
【附图说明】
下面参照附图结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1为本发明方法流程示意图。
【具体实施方式】
如图1所示，本发明的玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺，包括：
步骤10、向一阶双螺杆挤出机中加入PA进行熔融塑化，所述PA为PA6或PA66，一阶双螺杆挤出机转速设定为130～270rpm/min，挤出机温度设定为240～280℃；熔融PA料通过一阶双螺杆挤出机的模头形成聚合物薄膜；
步骤20、将玻璃纤维切割成断；每段长约24-25mm；
步骤30、将切割成断后的玻璃纤维与聚合物薄膜汇合并分散到聚合物薄膜内，其中PA的用量为总质量的50-70％，玻璃纤维用量为总质量的30-50％；
步骤40、玻璃纤维与聚合物薄膜汇合后一同进入到二阶双螺杆挤出机中，玻璃纤维与PA在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合，并挤出；其中，二阶双螺杆的转速设定为150～250rpm/min，温度设定为240～280℃；
步骤40、在二阶双螺杆挤出机模头处由切刀将玻璃纤维与PA混合料切断，切断量与所需压制的产品重量成正比。最后由机械手夹取置于压制模具中进行压制成型，其中，模具上模设定温度为50±10℃，下模设定温度为40±10℃，保压时间为90±30s，所述步骤40中，压机上升速度2.8～3.9mm/s,压机下降速度2.2～4.4mm/s。
根据上述步骤10至步骤40，提供本发明的3个实施例，并用下表区别几个实施例的参数：
从以上实施可以看出，本发明加入玻璃纤维能够使得尼龙料易于挤出、牵引，省去了半成品加工环节，避免了树脂的多次加热，节省了能耗，工艺成本低。另外，LFT-D低的塑化要求改善了纤维被剪断的可能性，纤维可以平行排列和分散，因而纤维含量较高，长度较长，其力学性能也远高于短纤维复合材料。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是熟悉本技术领域的技术人员应当理解，我们所描述的具体的实施例只是说明性的，而不是用于对本发明的范围的限定，熟悉本领域的技术人员在依照本发明的精神所作的等效的修饰以及变化，都应当涵盖在本发明的权利要求所保护的范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺，其特征在于：包括：
步骤10、向一阶双螺杆挤出机中加入PA进行熔融塑化，所述PA为PA6或PA66，一阶双螺杆挤出机转速设定为130～270rpm/min，温度设定为240～280℃；熔融PA料通过一阶双螺杆挤出机的模头形成聚合物薄膜；
步骤20、将玻璃纤维切割成断；每段长约24-25mm；
步骤30、将切割成断后的玻璃纤维与聚合物薄膜汇合并分散到聚合物薄膜内，其中PA的用量为总质量的50-70％，玻璃纤维用量为总质量的30-50％；
步骤40、玻璃纤维与聚合物薄膜汇合后一同进入到二阶双螺杆挤出机中，玻璃纤维与PA在螺杆的剪切作用下充分混合，并挤出；其中，二阶双螺杆的转速设定为150～250rpm/min，温度设定为240～280℃；
步骤40、在二阶双螺杆挤出机模头处由切刀将玻璃纤维与PA混合料切断，最后由机械手夹取置于压制模具中进行压制成型，其中，模具上模设定温度为50±10℃，下模设定温度为40±10℃，保压时间为90±30s；
其中所述步骤10和步骤20不限先后顺序。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤40中玻璃纤维与PA混合料的切断量与所需压制的产品重量成正比。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤10中，熔融PA料通过一阶双螺杆挤出机的模头形成聚合物薄膜为类似瀑布的聚合物薄膜。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤20中玻璃纤维的切割和步骤30中玻璃纤维的分散是通过纤维输送系统进行。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻璃纤维增强PA的LFT-D成型工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤40中，压机上升速度2.8～3.9mm/s,压机下降速度2.2～4.4mm/s。
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Cited By (6)

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CN114939992A (zh) * 2021-12-21 2022-08-26 江苏集萃先进高分子材料研究所有限公司 一种长纤维增强热塑性塑料挤出模压制备方法

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