CN107867240B - 用于机动车辆的车内照明系统 - Google Patents

用于机动车辆的车内照明系统 Download PDF

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CN107867240B
CN107867240B CN201710903657.2A CN201710903657A CN107867240B CN 107867240 B CN107867240 B CN 107867240B CN 201710903657 A CN201710903657 A CN 201710903657A CN 107867240 B CN107867240 B CN 107867240B
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vehicle
lighting device
motor vehicle
interior
light source
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CN107867240A (zh
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蒂博·巴里洛特
罗曼·贝尔
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于控制机动车辆车内的车内照明(1)的装置，该装置包括：至少一个光源(2)、投影支撑件(3)和控制模块，所述控制模块能够配置投影支撑件，使得投影支撑件能够接收由光源发出的至少一个图像。本发明还涉及一种用于通过车内照明装置照明机动车辆的车内空间的至少一部分的方法。

Description

用于机动车辆的车内照明系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种能够通过将车辆的乘客与外部环境隔离来改变汽车内部的内部环境的用于机动车辆的车内照明装置，以及用于照明汽车内部的至少一部分的方法。
背景技术
目前，已并入机动车辆内部的车内照明装置具有受限的功能。通常，车内照明仅限于可用作阅读灯的圆顶灯，其激活可以是自动的或手动的，以及可被激活以产生低亮度环境照明的其他光源。这种环境照明使得可以例如突出显示车辆内部的细节。
自主驾驶或半自主或半无人驾驶的交通工具的发展有利于结合新功能，以便将汽车内饰转换为用户友好和舒适的空间，同时保持高水平的安全性。这种趋势特别地势必造成对在车辆中心的信息和多媒体分配显著重要性。因此，一些车辆配备有屏幕，不仅允许引导还允许观看照片或视频，而不会因而给车辆的乘客与外部环境隔离的可能性。在集成解决方案中，多媒体站可以安装在车辆的前部处、在嵌入在仪表板中的控制屏幕中、在每个前排座椅的头枕背面中或者甚至顶棚中。在移动解决方案中，笔记本电脑、智能电话、平板电脑、DVD播放器类型的漫游多媒体设备由车辆的乘客安装和连接在汽车内部中。
本发明的目的是通过借助于如下的装置改进对机动车辆内部的车内照明的驱动和控制而改善上述的缺陷并通过隐藏和修改从汽车内部观察到的外部视野而创建舒缓的“蚕茧”氛围，该装置能够修改汽车内部的某些表面以便在该表面上投影图像和/或视频。
根据本发明的装置确保了控制的可靠性，并通过其人体工程学提高了车辆乘客的舒适性，同时保证了他们的安全。
发明内容
本发明的主题是一种用于机动车辆的车内照明装置，包括：
-能够发射至少一个光束的至少一个光源，
-至少一个投影支撑件，
-控制模块，且被设置成配置所述光源，所述模块还被设置为以其中所述光束在投影支撑件上形成至少一个动态和/或静态的图像的主动模式或被动模式并且根据机动车辆的手动或自动驾驶模式来配置所述至少一个投影支撑件。
机动车辆在这里应理解为意味着手动驾驶车辆和自动驾驶无人驾驶车辆，甚至半自动或半无人驾驶车辆，其中驾驶可以从手动模式切换到自动模式。应当理解：基于车辆驾驶模式和出于安全考虑，投影支撑件的选择可以改变。因此，在自主(无人驾驶)或半自主(半无人驾驶) 车辆中，在该车辆中，驾驶以自动模式操作，车辆的每个玻璃表面和/ 或挡风玻璃和/或前侧窗和/或后侧窗中的一个和/或天窗和/或后窗可作为投影支撑件。在该配置中，光源优选地安装在汽车内部的前部，例如安装在仪表板正上方的前顶棚中和/或前中央控制台中。
本发明的装置使得可以控制固定地或可移动地安装在汽车内部中的至少一个光源。光源应理解为至少一种用于发射光线以形成投影到本发明的投影支撑件上的光束的装置。这种装置可以是简单的光源，例如光带，被配置为发射弱发散光束的点光源，例如阅读用光，特别是发光二极管类型，或光源和相关联的投影仪设备或甚至光源和反射器使得可以偏转光线。在光源由一个或多个发光二极管(LED)组成的情况下，二极管的光强度和/或颜色可根据所寻求的气氛而变化。
根据本发明的有利和优选的特征，光源是用于投影光和/或静态或动态图像和/或视频的装置，优选地视频投影仪，甚至更优选微型投影仪。根据本发明的实施例，光源可以安装在车辆的前部顶棚和/或后部顶棚上和/或在中央控制台中。除了其他功能之外，中央控制台可用作驾驶员和前排乘客的扶手，和/或在位于后排座椅之间并能够用作扶手的至少一个固定或可缩回的后部控制台中。由于本发明的目的是修改车辆的至少一个乘客的外部视野，并且在汽车内部中创造可接受的光环境，所以可以设想投影诸如风景的静态图像和/或动态图像，诸如与汽车内部的音乐广播关联的“均衡”类型的照片幻灯片、视频或甚至图像。
根据本发明的有利特征，投影支撑件是表面，优选地是平滑的，没有信息和结构元件，并被布置为接收由光源投影的至少一个静态或动态图像。所述投影支撑件或表面有利地是车辆的玻璃表面，例如挡风玻璃和/或至少一个前侧窗和/或后侧窗和/或天窗和/或后窗。所述玻璃表面被布置成可逆地切换并且根据需要从关闭(OFF)被动模式(优选地对应于玻璃表面的透明状态)切换到打开(ON)主动模式(优选对应于所述玻璃表面的至少部分不透明状态)，所述不透明装置例如通过小于或等于可见光谱中的25％的透射系数来定义。更优选地，打开(ON)主动模式对应于玻璃表面的不透明状态。为了实现从关闭(OFF)模式到打开(ON) 模式的转换，形成投影支撑件的玻璃表面优选地包括电致变色结构。
电致变色技术使得在施加的电场的作用下可以改变所述支撑件的光学特性，特别是其透光性。通过这种技术，根据本发明的形成投影支撑件的玻璃表面的透光性降低，以成为能够接收至少一个动态和/或静态投影图像的不透明表面。
电致变色结构是包括多个功能层的复合结构。所述层由至少一个支撑体或基板(优选地由至少一个透明玻璃表面或玻璃片)和电致变色系统组成，电致变色系统由在其上发生电化学反应的两个电极层(其中一个电极必须是透明的)、导电或电解质元件(其通过离子位移而能够允许电流通过)以及有机和/或无机电致变色材料组成。响应于在电致变色材料中施加产生可逆氧化还原反应的电场，适当形成的电致变色结构的光学性质可以变化，特别是光透射。
对于投影支撑件，在能够像投影屏幕一样并且保证足够的图像质量的打开(ON)主动模式中，浅色不透明状态是优选的，优选白色。
与玻璃表面相关的电致变色技术通常用于建筑和机动车辆行业。能够从不透明半透明状态切换到透明状态的液晶遮光窗在建筑中可用作玻璃隔墙或在汽车中可用作内墙。该状态变化作为在电致变色屏幕的端子之间施加的电势的函数并且根据相对较短的响应时间是可逆的。变暗的电致变色窗户应用在车辆天窗中，并确保太阳光防护。它们能够在电压的作用下可逆地将颜色从透明状态改变到深色状态。具有防眩光功能的电致变色后视镜以类似的原理操作，并且能够在由在他或她后面行驶的其他用户的前照灯引起的驾驶员的炫目的情况下能够快速变暗。
为了根据本发明在投影支撑件上赋予电致变色性质，可以设想几种方案。形成投影支撑件的玻璃表面的玻璃具有复合结构。优选地，复合玻璃包括电致变色系统，或者也可以被电致变色膜(可能是粘合剂)覆盖，所述粘合剂膜然后将现有的玻璃表面转换成投影屏幕型的智能玻璃表面。
机动车辆的每个玻璃表面、挡风玻璃和/或至少一个前侧窗和/或后侧窗和/或天窗和/或后窗可用作根据本发明的投影支撑件。然而，投影支撑件的选择根据本发明的实施例而变化，并且更具体地取决于车辆的手动驾驶或自动驾驶(无人驾驶)的类型以及可能的安全条件。
在驾驶以手动模式操作的常规或半自动(半无人驾驶)车辆中，投影区域被减少，以便不妨碍驾驶员在道路场景上的视觉或不使得他或她的注意力从路面上转移。在该实施例中，投影支撑件限于天窗和后侧窗，优选地限于位于驾驶员紧后的后侧窗。在这种结构中，光源优选地在汽车内部的后部安装在后顶棚和/或后中央控制台的扶手中。
可以独立且自主地(无人驾驶地)配置汽车内部的前部区域和/或后部区域和/或投影支撑件和/或光源。例如，可以将第一图像投影到前侧窗上和将与第一图像不同的第二图像投影到所述汽车内部的后侧窗上。应当注意，可以设想任何其它图像投影组合，例如侧窗上的第一图像和天窗上的第二图像的组合。
根据本发明的控制模块一方面被配置为激活和配置光源，另一方面，以OFF被动模式或ON主动模式来配置投影支撑件，使得所述投影支撑件可以从汽车内部的至少一个光源接收由光束形成的至少一个动态和/或静态图像。连接到至少一个光源和一个投影支撑件的控制模块至少包括处理器和/或存储器和/或数据存储装置和/或用于读取静态和/或动态图像文件的装置。控制模块的数据存储装置包括预先存储的静态和/或动态图像的数据库或由用户使用连接到控制模块的可移除多媒体设备或因此任何有线或无线通信装置(例如蓝牙或WiFi)等传输的静态和/或动态图像的数据库。
可移动多媒体设备应理解为数字数据存储SD存储卡或USB密钥、智能手机、相机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、DVD播放器类型的外部外围设备。优选地，在车辆前部安装的控制模块能够读取待投影的图像的文件以及发送光源和投影支撑件的激活指令。控制模块可以包括安装在汽车内部后部的至少一个控制按钮，例如在至少一个后控制台中，使得车辆的后排乘客可以自主地(无人驾驶地)且独立地致动光源和投影支撑件。根据本发明的有利特征，为了检测车辆外部的状况，可以将本发明的装置，优选与控制模块、至少一个温度和/或光强度传感器相关联。响应于由所述传感器收集的数据，控制模块可以选择和投影能够增强汽车内部的氛围和乘客的健康的图像。作为示例，如果由传感器检测到的温度和/ 或光强度的数据低于某个阈值，则可以提供投影阳光照射的景观图像。
本发明还涉及一种用于通过根据本发明的照明装置照明机动车辆内部的至少一部分的方法，该照明装置能够遮挡和修改能够从汽车内部观察到的外部视野，以便在车内产生舒缓的特定环境。所述照明方法至少包括：
-激活控制模块的步骤，所述激活能够由车辆的至少个乘客手动地执行，或者在车辆在无人驾驶模式时(无人驾驶或半无人驾驶)自动地执行，或甚至在至少一个温度和/或光强度传感器对车辆外部的特定温度和/或亮度条件的检测之后自动地执行。由所述传感器收集的数据能够经受控制模块的分析步骤。
-通过衰减所述玻璃表面的光透射而对形成所述车辆的投影支撑件的至少一个电致变色玻璃表面进行选择和配置的步骤，使得所述玻璃表面从对应于透明状态的OFF被动模式切换到对应于不透明的(优选白色的状态)的ON主动模式。然后将适当配置的投影支撑件比作投影屏幕，最好是白色，
-汽车内部的至少一个光源的配置步骤，以用于将至少一个光束从所述光源引导到所配置的投影支撑件上，
-图像文件的选择和读取的步骤，所述图像文件预先存储在控制模块的存储装置中或者由至少一个车辆乘客使用预先连接到所述控制模块的可移动多媒体设备来传递所述图像文件。
附图说明
在阅读本发明的实施例的详细描述时，本发明的其它特征和优点将变得更加清楚，本发明的实施例下文将给出作为说明性和非限制性示例并且是基于附图的，其中根据本发明的车内照明装置已被示出为被包含在机动车辆的内部。
-图1A 和1B 是在车辆的前部的汽车内部的轮廓和透视图，其中并入有能够将至少一个图像投影到投影支撑件上的光源，通过控制模块分别以OFF被动模式和ON主动模式来配置投影支撑件。
-图2A 和2B 是在车辆的后部的汽车内部的轮廓和透视图，其中并入有能够将至少一个图像投影到投影支撑件上的光源，通过控制模块分别以OFF被动模式和ON主动模式来配置投影支撑件。
具体实施方式
需要注意的是，虽然附图对本发明的实现进行了详细的说明，但是它们也可以适当地更好地定义发明。还将理解，附图中所示的本发明的实施例作以非限制性示例给出。因此，特别是通过组成根据本发明的照明装置的光源、投影支撑件和控制模块的布置、分布和尺寸的变体，可以生产根据本发明的装置的其他结构。
图1A 和1B 示出了根据本发明的车内照明装置1在汽车内部的前部区域中的布置和操作。图1A 示出了当车内照明装置处于OFF被动模式时的车内照明装置1，而图1B 示出了切换到ON主动模式之后的车内照明装置 1。在本实施例中，本发明的车内照明装置1包括两个光源2、投影支撑件 3和控制模块。第一个光源2安装在仪表板正上方的前顶棚上，另一个安装在中央控制台6中。所述光源2以投影支撑件3为目标，为了清楚起见，该投影支撑件3的代表示例在这里限于驾驶员侧的前侧玻璃表面和天窗。控制模块(其包含在仪表板5中)包括位于中央控制台6中的附加控制按钮4，使得驾驶员和/或前排乘客可以激活照明装置1，同时将其前臂在静止位置中保持在扶手上。
光源2优选地是微型投影仪，当投影支撑件3已经从OFF被动模式(图1A )切换到ON主动模式(图1B )时，微型投影仪使静态和/或动态图像可以投影在投影支撑件3。在通过控制模块施加电压而激活形成投影支撑件3的电致变色玻璃表面之后，可能从被动透明状态切换到主动不透明状态。投影支撑件的不透明表面然后就像一个白色投影屏幕，并且保证了投影图像的质量。投影图像具有将车辆乘客与外部环境隔离的效果，并且有利于在汽车内部产生舒缓的氛围。可以自主地(驾驶地)和独立地将不同的图像投影到被激活的投影支撑件的每一个上。出于明显的安全原因，位于汽车内部前部的，特别是前侧窗和/或挡风玻璃处的，投影支撑件3只有当车辆的行驶处于自动驾驶模式时被激活。
图2A 和2B 示出了根据本发明的车内照明装置1在汽车内部的后部区域中的布置和操作。图2A 示出了当车内照明装置处于OFF被动模式时的车内照明装置1，而图2B 示出了当车内照明装置1切换到ON主动模式之后的车内照明装置1。在本实施例中，本发明的车内照明装置1至少包括两个光源2、投影支撑件3、控制模块。第一光源2安装在后顶棚中，并且至少一个第二光源安装在至少一个后控制台7中，这取决于乘客座位的数量。所述光源2以投影支撑件3为目标，由于清楚的原因，该投影支撑件3 的代表示例在这里限于驾驶员侧的后侧玻璃表面和天窗。控制模块通过位于至少一个后控制台7中的至少一个控制按钮4被激活，使得每个后乘客可以自主地(无人驾驶地)且独立地激活照明装置1。
如前所述，光源2优选地是微型投影仪，当投影支撑件3已经从OFF被动模式(图2A)切换到ON主动模式(图2B)时，微型投影仪使静态和 /或动态图像可以投影在投影支撑件3。在通过控制模块施加电压而激活形成投影支撑件3的电致变色玻璃表面之后，从被动透明状态到主动不透明状态的这种切换成为可能。投影支撑件的不透明表面就像一个白色投影屏幕，保证了投影图像的质量。投影图像具有将车辆乘客与外部环境隔离的效果，并且有利于在汽车内部产生舒缓的氛围。可以自主地和独立地将不同的图像投影到被激活的投影支撑件的每一个上。无论车辆的自动(无人驾驶)模式或手动驾驶模式如何，并且潜在地在位于汽车内部的后部的任何玻璃表面上，该第二实施例都是可用的。然而，在手动驾驶中，为了安全起见，推荐将图像的投影限制在位于驾驶员后面的侧玻璃表面和/或天窗上。
无论本发明的实施例如何，应当理解的是，在通过ON主动模式中的配置使得形成投影支撑件的电致变色玻璃表面变得不透明之后，车内照明装置1可以产生静态和/或动态图像到车辆的电致变色玻璃表面上的投影。还应当理解，车内照明装置1可以响应于驾驶员和/或车辆的前部和/ 或后部乘客对所述装置的激活，而在汽车内部产生各种光环境。应当理解，任何前排乘客，特别是驾驶员，可以从安装在仪表板和/或中央控制台中的控制模块激活所有的光源2和投影支撑件3，并且控制相同和/或不同的静态和/或动态图像在每个所述投影支撑件上的投影。类似地，后乘客可以使用位于至少一个后控制台7中的控制按钮来激活他们选择的后光源和投影支撑件，并且自主地(无人驾驶地)且独立于由车辆的前乘客产生的动作执行这些操作。
通过静态图像(例如风景)的投影和/或动态图像(例如与汽车内部的音乐广播相关联的照片的幻灯片放映和/或视频的放映或甚至“均衡”类型的图像的放映)的投影，可以在汽车内部中创建许多和各种轻的氛围组合。
被配置为配置投影支撑件和光源的控制模块还包括存储装置和/或图像文件读取装置，所述图像能够由用户使用至少一个可移动多媒体装置预先存储或传送，所述至少一个可移动多媒体装置为此连接到控制模块。可移动多媒体设备应被理解为数字数据存储SD存储卡或USB密钥、智能手机、相机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、DVD播放器等。
此外，可以与能够检测车辆外的状况的控制模块温度和/或光强度传感器相关联。响应于由所述传感器收集的数据，控制模块可以选择和投影能够增强汽车内部空间的图像。作为说明性的示例，当温度传感器检测到低的外部温度，可以规定投影表示海滩的图像，和/或当光强度传感器检测到与一天中的时间或与季度相关联的外部变暗时或者甚至当穿过隧道时，可以规定投影阳光照射的景观图像时。
根据本发明的主要和优选实施例，用于照明机动车辆内部的至少一部分的方法，借助于该方法，从汽车内部观察到的外部视野被遮挡和被修改，以便在车内产生舒缓的特定环境，所述方法至少包括：
·激活控制模块的步骤，所述激活能够由车辆的至少一个乘客手动地执行，或者在车辆切换到无人驾驶模式时自动地执行，或甚至在温度和/ 或光强度传感器对车辆外部的特定温度和/或亮度条件的检测之后自动地执行，
·车辆或投影支撑件3的至少一个电致变色玻璃表面的选择和配置的步骤，以便改变所述玻璃表面的光透射，优选地使其衰减以使玻璃表面从对应于透明状态的OFF被动模式切换到对应于不透明状态的ON主动模式。适当地配置的投影支撑件3就像一个投影屏幕，最好是白色的，
·至少一个光源2的配置步骤，以用于将至少一个光束从所述光源引导到所配置的投影支撑件3上，
·图像文件的选择和读取的步骤，所述图像文件预先存储在控制模块的存储装置中或者由至少一个车辆乘客使用预先连接到所述控制模块的可移动多媒体设备来传递所述图像文件。
上述说明清楚地说明了如何通过提出简单可靠地控制的符合人体二工程学的且能够增强车辆乘客的健康的车内照明装置来实现其设定的目的。
本发明不限于通过非限制性示例的方式给出的实施例。

Claims (19)

1.一种机动车辆的车内照明装置，该车内照明装置包括：
被配置成发射至少一个光束的至少一个光源；
至少一个投影支撑件；
温度和/或光强度传感器，该温度和/或光强度传感器被配置成检测所述机动车辆外部的状况；和
控制模块，所述控制模块被配置成控制所述光源，根据所述机动车辆的手动或自动驾驶模式控制所述至少一个投影支撑件处于所述光束在所述投影支撑件上形成图像的被动模式或主动模式，以及基于所述机动车辆外部的被检测到的状况投影所述图像。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述光源是用于投影光和/或静态或动态图像和/或视频的装置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述光源是微型投影仪。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述光源安装在所述机动车辆的前顶棚和/或后顶棚中和/或在中央控制台中和/或在至少一个后控制台中。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述投影支撑件是被设置成可逆地从透明状态切换到不透明状态的所述机动车辆的玻璃表面。
6.根据权利要求5所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述玻璃表面是挡风玻璃和/或至少一个前侧窗和/或后侧窗和/或天窗和/或后窗。
7.根据权利要求5所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述玻璃表面包括电致变色玻璃。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述电致变色玻璃具有复合结构。
9.根据权利要求7所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述电致变色玻璃被电致变色膜覆盖。
10.根据权利要求1所述的车内照明装置，其中，机动车辆内部的前部区域和/或后部区域和/或投影支撑件和/或光源被独立地配置。
11.根据权利要求1所述的车内照明装置，其中：
控制模块包括存储装置，该存储装置被配置成存储静态和/或动态图像文件，并且
其中所述控制模块还包括被配置成从所述存储装置读取所述静态和/或动态图像文件的图像文件读取装置。
12.根据权利要求11所述的车内照明装置，其中所述存储装置包括预先存储的图像数据库或由用户使用可移动多媒体装置传送的图像数据库。
13.根据权利要求12所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述可移动多媒体装置是数字数据存储SD存储卡或USB密钥或智能电话或照相机或笔记本电脑或平板电脑或DVD播放器。
14.根据权利要求1所述的车内照明装置，其中控制模块包括安装在机动车辆内部的后部的至少一个控制按钮。
15.一种通过车内照明装置照亮机动车辆的内部空间的至少一部分的照明方法，所述照明方法至少包括：
由温度和/或光强度传感器检测所述机动车辆外部的状况；
通过衰减光透射来配置所述机动车辆的至少一个投影支撑件；
配置所述机动车辆的内部空间的至少一个光源以将光束从所述至少一个光源引导到所配置的投影支撑件上；以及
基于所述机动车辆外部的被检测到的状况投影图像。
16.根据权利要求15所述的照明方法，还包括分析由所述温度和/或光强度传感器检测的数据。
17.根据权利要求15所述的照明方法，还包括选择和读取预先存储在存储装置中的图像文件或由所述机动车辆的至少一个乘客使用可移动多媒体装置传送的图像文件。
18.根据权利要求2所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述光源安装在所述机动车辆的前顶棚和/或后顶棚中和/或在中央控制台中和/或在至少一个后控制台中。
19.根据权利要求2所述的车内照明装置，其中，所述投影支撑件是被设置成可逆地从透明状态切换到不透明状态的所述机动车辆的玻璃表面。
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