CN107866935B - 一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺 - Google Patents

一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺 Download PDF

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CN107866935B
CN107866935B CN201710418564.0A CN201710418564A CN107866935B CN 107866935 B CN107866935 B CN 107866935B CN 201710418564 A CN201710418564 A CN 201710418564A CN 107866935 B CN107866935 B CN 107866935B
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陈兵勇
李�杰
张万欣
李猛
上官绪水
赵志祥
冉倩
王凡
李彦荣
熊中年
魏荣梅
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Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemical Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/50—Removing moulded articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/50—Removing moulded articles
    • B29C2043/5053—Removing moulded articles using pressurised gas, e.g. air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2043/5808—Measuring, controlling or regulating pressure or compressing force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2043/5816—Measuring, controlling or regulating temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺，将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体粒料加入溶剂溶解得热塑性聚氨酯弹性体溶液，将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体溶液脱除溶剂制成膜片，放入预热的模具型腔内，将模具置于平板硫化机加压冷却成型，待模具冷却，采用压缩空气充压脱模。本发明解决了其它成型工艺常出现的气泡、流痕、薄厚不均等问题。产品耐压强度高，尤其适用于内压服装、充气玩具等具有气体密封要求的产品。

Description

一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及热塑性聚氨酯（简称TPU）制品及其生产工艺技术领域，尤其涉及一种热塑性聚氨酯用于特种气密服装的成型工艺。
背景技术
热塑性聚氨酯是一种介于橡胶和塑料之间的弹性体材料。由于其卓越的拉伸性能、耐磨性能、耐曲挠性能、耐低温性及耐油性，广泛应用于汽车工业、各种鞋材服装行业及航空航天领域。
目前，TPU有多种成型工艺，因其熔点较低，工业上一般采用吹塑、注塑等工艺。已报道的TPU模压工艺多为TPU板材或复合型TPU发泡材料，多为透气性材料，常用于鞋材等领域。对于仅TPU单一组份的筒状薄壁曲面制品未见报道。对于筒状薄壁曲面制品而言，吹塑成型产品厚度尺寸均匀性差，注塑成型易产生尺寸超差、不饱模、开裂、翘曲变形等问题。相比而言，模压成型工艺，产品尺寸由模具保证，厚度均匀性好，质量稳定性高，可以克服其它工艺出现的气泡、开裂、薄厚不均、流痕等缺陷，制品具有优异的耐气体压力性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种仅由热塑性聚氨酯弹性体组份组成的用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺，本发明用于生产筒状薄壁曲面制品，其能有效解决其它工艺出现的气泡、流痕、薄厚不均等问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体粒料加入溶剂溶解得热塑性聚氨酯弹性体溶液，将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体溶液脱除溶剂制成膜片，放入预热的模具型腔内，将模具置于平板硫化机加压冷却成型，待模具冷却，采用压缩空气充压脱模。
本发明所述溶解热塑性聚氨酯粒料的溶剂为丙酮、四氢呋喃混合溶液。
所述丙酮与四氢呋喃质量比为1：8～1：4。
本发明所述热塑性聚氨酯弹性体粒料与溶剂质量比为1：3～1：7。
本发明所述模具预热温度为145~165℃。
本发明所述将模具置于平板硫化机加压冷却成型，其加压冷却成型的压力为5~12MPa。
本发明所述模具冷却的温度为低于60℃。
本发明所述脱模所用压缩空气压力为80 ~200K Pa。
本发明所述将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体溶液脱除溶剂的方法为：将该溶液浇注于不锈钢浅盘之中，室温放置4~10小时，再放入60~70℃油浴烘箱24小时，取出膜片备用。
本发明与现有技术相比的优点：
本发明的工艺方法使热塑性聚氨酯熔融模压成型，具有制品无流痕、气泡，厚度均匀，耐气压强度高等特点，本发明产品的壁厚可制为0.2~1.0
本发明的产品可适用于薄壁的、有较高外观、厚度均匀性要求，及在加压状态下有较好的气体密封性等特殊要求的领域。尤其适用于内压服装、充气玩具等具有气体密封要求的产品。
附图说明
图1为单开口筒状薄壁曲面模压产品示意图。
图2 为双开口筒状薄壁曲面模压产品示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例详细阐述本发明，但本发明不限于以下实施例。
各实施例除工艺参数外，都采用相同的工艺流程。
实施例1：
工艺流程如下：
步骤A：热塑性聚氨酯弹性体膜片制备：将热塑性聚氨酯粒料（简称TPU粒料）加入到丙酮与四氢呋喃质量比为1：6的混合溶液，TPU粒料与溶剂质量比为1：4， 30℃水浴环境下搅拌至完全溶解。将该溶液浇注于不锈钢浅盘之中，室温放置5小时，再放入70℃油浴烘箱24小时，取出膜片备用；
步骤B：模具预热：将单开口筒状模具（产品示意图见附图1）置于橡胶平板硫化机加热平板中部，加压3MPa，开启平板硫化机加热，直至模具温度稳定到155℃；
步骤C：加压冷却成型：从平板硫化机上卸下已预热模具，开启模具，将膜片填入模具型腔，合模，加压10MPa，关闭加热令其冷却；
步骤D: 脱模：模具冷却至60℃以下后，开启模具，控制压缩空气压力在150KPa左右用气枪将产品吹离模芯后取出产品。
产品尺寸、性能达到设计标准，充气耐压强度不低于120KPa。
实施例2：
工艺流程如下：
步骤A：热塑性聚氨酯弹性体膜片制备：将TPU粒料加入到丙酮与四氢呋喃质量比为1：7的混合溶液，TPU粒料与溶剂质量比为1：6，30℃水浴环境下搅拌至完全溶解。将该溶液浇注于不锈钢浅盘之中，室温放置4小时，再放入70℃油浴烘箱24小时，取出膜片备用；
步骤B：模具预热：将双开口筒状模具（产品示意图见附图2）置于橡胶平板硫化机加热平板中部，加压3MPa，开启平板硫化机加热，直至模具温度稳定到160℃；
步骤C：加压冷却成型：从平板硫化机上卸下已预热模具，开启模具，将膜片填入模具型腔，合模，加压7MPa，关闭加热令其冷却；
步骤D: 脱模：模具冷却至60℃以下后，开启模具，控制压缩空气压力在100KPa左右用气枪将产品吹离模芯后取出产品。
产品尺寸、性能达到设计标准，充气耐压强度不低于120KPa。
说明书中未尽事宜属与本领域技术人员公知技术。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺，其特征在于：将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体粒料加入溶剂溶解得热塑性聚氨酯弹性体溶液，将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体溶液脱除溶剂制成膜片，放入预热的筒状模具型腔内，将模具置于平板硫化机加压冷却成型，待模具冷却，采用压缩空气充压脱模；
所述溶解热塑性聚氨酯粒料的溶剂为丙酮、四氢呋喃混合溶液；
所述丙酮与四氢呋喃质量比为1：8～1：4。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺，其特征在于：所述热塑性聚氨酯弹性体粒料与溶剂质量比为1：3～1：7。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺，其特征在于：所述模具预热温度为145~165℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺，其特征在于：所述将模具置于平板硫化机加压冷却成型，其加压冷却成型的压力为5~12MPa。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺，其特征在于：所述模具冷却的温度为低于60℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺，其特征在于：所述脱模所用压缩空气压力为80 ~200K Pa。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺，其特征在于：所述将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体溶液脱除溶剂的方法为：将该溶液浇注于不锈钢浅盘之中，室温放置4~10小时，再放入60~70℃油浴烘箱24小时，取出膜片备用。
CN201710418564.0A 2017-06-06 2017-06-06 一种用于特种气密服装的热塑性聚氨酯制品成型工艺 Active CN107866935B (zh)

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CN101838454A (zh) * 2010-05-21 2010-09-22 上海澳金玻璃钢制品有限公司 利用回收聚氨酯泡沫废料制备的压制加强板及其工艺
CN103568331A (zh) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-12 上海杰事杰新材料(集团)股份有限公司 一种玻纤布增强热塑性聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法及产品

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101838454A (zh) * 2010-05-21 2010-09-22 上海澳金玻璃钢制品有限公司 利用回收聚氨酯泡沫废料制备的压制加强板及其工艺
CN103568331A (zh) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-12 上海杰事杰新材料(集团)股份有限公司 一种玻纤布增强热塑性聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法及产品

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