A kind of high voltage DC breaker with saturable reactor
Technical field
The invention belongs to high voltage DC breaker field, more particularly, to a kind of HVDC with saturable reactor
Breaker.
Background technology
Due to the continuous increasing of the shortage of traditional fossil energy, the aggravation of problem of environmental pollution and user to electrical energy demands
It is long so that the exploitation of regenerative resource clean energy resource develops rapidly.In order to economically obtain remote regenerative resource for example
Wind energy and solar energy, based on low-loss, remote, bulk power transmission and more effectively connection regenerative resource networks and is easy to
The advantages of flexible operating, D.C. high voltage transmission have obtained new attention.
Traditional DC transmission engineering is mostly two end systems, is only capable of realizing the energy transmission between 2 points, when using direct current
Transmit electricity between multiple load center power transmissions or multiple AC systems use direct current interconnection when, it is necessary to build a plurality of DC transmission line
Road, this will greatly increase cost of investment and operating cost.And multi-terminal direct current transmission system fully develops D.C. high voltage transmission
The economical advantage and technological merit of technology, it is a kind of technology of transmission of electricity of more attractive, meets the development need of China's power industry
Will.In addition to possessing the advantages of two-terminal DC transmission system, multi-terminal HVDC transmission, which also has, can be achieved multiple feed, more drop points by electricity;
It is reliable higher, more flexibly;Can be with built by separate periods, the advantages that increasing investment returns.
The technical significant challenge of multi-terminal high-voltage direct current network at present, as the topology design of network structure, large-sized cable,
Protecting and cut-offfing dc circuit breaker of short circuit current etc. turns into hot issue.For multi-terminal high-voltage direct current network, have and quickly open
Disconnected direct fault current and the dc circuit breaker of isolated fault function are essential and vital.Due to lacking practicality
High voltage DC breaker, when the more serious failure such as ground short circuit occurs for metallic(return) circuit, AC breaker can only be disconnected,
Reach the purpose of relay protection, such that the influence area of failure is significantly expanded, greatly reduce multi-terminal HVDC transmission system
The reliability of system and flexibility.High voltage DC breaker is only applied, is possible to realize multiple sections using multi-terminal high-voltage direct current
The regenerative resource of point connection networks or logout, timely quick separating failure and can ensure the safe and reliable operation of system.Therefore
The high voltage DC breaker suitable for DC transmission system is developed, becomes particularly important for development flexible DC power transmission net, it is right
Reliability and the flexibility for improving DC transmission system are significant.
Dc circuit breaker is broadly divided into three types at present:Mechanical dc circuit breaker, all solid state formula dc circuit breaker and
Hybrid dc circuit breaker.Tradition machinery formula high voltage DC breaker commutation circuit is complicated, and required condenser capacity is big, body
Product is big;Hybrid high voltage DC breaker on-state loss is big, involves great expense, and requires high to control;All solid state formula HVDC breaks
The cost of road device is high and on-state loss is big.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of high straightening with saturable reactor
Breaker is flowed, its object is to solve existing high voltage DC breaker when disconnecting fault current due to fault current rate of descent
Cause the technical problem that mechanical switch can not disconnect greatly.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of HVDC with saturable reactor
Breaker, including:
Main loop unit, charging convertor unit and trigger element;
The main loop unit includes mechanical switch and saturable reactor connected in series, and charge convertor unit and energy-absorbing limit
Accessed after pressing unit in parallel with main loop unit in circuit on power system;
When faulty electric current flows through main loop unit, trigger element sends signal, and charge convertor unit triggering and conducting;From
And making mutual reactor secondary and secondary electric capacity that oscillating current occur, oscillating current is used to be superimposed with fault current to make to flow through machinery
There is zero crossing in switching current;
Before zero crossing occurs in mechanical switch electric current, saturable reactor works in unsaturated area, and inductance value is much larger than and do not sent out
Inductance value during raw failure, limit the rate of descent of fault current.
Preferably, high voltage DC breaker also includes energy-absorbing compression limiter, after the mechanical switch disconnects, energy-absorbing pressure limiting
Unit is realized to the mechanical switch for absorbing the energy of inductive element storage in power system after fault current is cut off
Voltage-limiting protection.
Preferably, charging convertor unit includes:Recharged capacitance, commutation circuit electric capacity, mutual reactor, IGCT and
Diode in parallel therewith;
The mutual reactor primary side winding and the recharged capacitance and the Thyristors in series;The coupling reactance
Device vice-side winding is connected with the commutation circuit electric capacity.
Preferably, when generation power system, which is broken down, needs to cut-off fault current, the trigger element sends signal
The turn on thyristors is triggered, the recharged capacitance is produced oscillating current with the mutual reactor primary side, so as to described
Mutual reactor secondary can also produce oscillating current with the commutation circuit electric capacity, and oscillating current amplitude exceedes system failure electricity
Amplitude is flowed, the mechanical switch is produced zero crossing and is realized and cut-offs.
Preferably, the energy-absorbing compression limiter is arrester.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, it can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect:
(1) it is enough to form current zero-crossing point during high current to ensure to cut-off, it is necessary to improve pre-charge pressure to increase
High frequency oscillating current peak value, and reserved adequate allowance of being decayed according to caused by actual loop resistance, with ensure high-current on-off into
Work(.But the raising of high frequency oscillating current peak value, it is excessive and open to hinder current reduction ratio when easily causing to cut-off specified low current for some reason
Disconnected failure, and in main loop unit after series transductor L3, before fault current zero crossing, saturable reactor L3
Be operated in unsaturated region, its inductance value is larger, can fault current limiting rate of descent within the scope of connecting-disconnecting function, improve out
Disconnected reliability;While the rate of descent of fault current is reduced, the capacity of pre-charge capacitor can also be reduced, so as to reduce
Cost.
(2) mechanical switch CB is connected with saturable reactor L3 in access system in main loop unit, works as system jam
When, in fault current ascent stage, saturable reactor is operated in unsaturated region, and inductance value is larger, so as to suppress direct current event
Hinder the climbing of electric current, reduce requirement of the system to breakdown judge sensitivity, while also reduce fault current to system
Impact.
(3) high voltage DC breaker possesses the two-way ability for cut-offfing specified low current and intereelectrode short-circuit high current, adopts
The high pressure trigger switch of change of current branch road in conventional topologies is transferred to low-pressure side with mutual reactor, significantly reduces trigger switch electricity
Grade is pressed, so as to be replaced with IGCT;Trigger switch reduces drive control difficulty without insulation against ground requirement.It is pre-charged simultaneously
Electric capacity is located at low-pressure side, and pre-charge pressure is relatively low, significantly reduces the voltage class of electric capacity and precharge device;Naked will over the ground
Ask, solve high potential, more current potentials charging problem.In addition, capacitor occupies in mechanical dc circuit breaker cost and volume
Larger specific gravity, New Topological is for high pressure lateral capacitance without the through-flow requirement of long-term pressure so that capacitor cost and volume significantly drop
It is low, significantly improve the economy of dc circuit breaker.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of theory diagram of the high voltage DC breaker with saturable reactor provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of concrete structure block diagram of the high voltage DC breaker with saturable reactor provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is oscillogram when cut-offfing fault current without the high voltage DC breaker of saturable reactor;
Fig. 4 is the oscillogram when high voltage DC breaker provided by the invention with saturable reactor cut-offs fault current;
Wherein, 1 is main loop unit, and 2 be charging convertor unit, and 3 be energy-absorbing compression limiter, and 4 be trigger element;CB is machine
Tool switchs, and L3 is saturable reactor, and C1 is recharged capacitance, and C2 is commutation circuit electric capacity, and SCR is that can trigger brilliant lockage chamber, D bis-
Pole pipe, L1 are mutual reactor primary side, and L2 is mutual reactor secondary;X-axis is time t, unit s;Y-axis is current amplitude, single
Position kA;Solid line represents mechanical switch CB fracture electric currents, and dotted line represents mutual reactor secondary current.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below
Conflict can is not formed each other to be mutually combined.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high voltage DC breaker with saturable reactor, is meeting straight-flow system to height
Pressure dc circuit breaker be swift in motion in itself, cut-off high current and bear it is high-tension on the basis of, can fault current limiting rate of descent
Within the scope of connecting-disconnecting function, increase the reliability cut-off, capacity needed for capacitor can be reduced, reduce the cost of device, simultaneously
The high voltage DC breaker is two-way to cut-off specified low current and intereelectrode short-circuit high current.
Fig. 1 is a kind of theory diagram of the high voltage DC breaker with saturable reactor provided by the invention, and Fig. 2 is this hair
A kind of concrete structure block diagram of high voltage DC breaker with saturable reactor of bright offer.The invention provides a kind of band saturation
The high voltage DC breaker of reactor, including:Main loop unit 1, charging convertor unit 2, energy-absorbing compression limiter 3 and triggering are single
Member 4;Main loop unit 1 is accessed in power system, and charging convertor unit 2 and energy-absorbing compression limiter 3 are in parallel with main loop unit 1 even
Connect;Wherein, main loop unit includes the mechanical switch CB and saturable reactor L3 that are connected in series, mechanical switch for can arcing and
During current over-zero can blow-out switch.The convertor unit that charges includes recharged capacitance C1, IGCT SCR, diode D, coupling electricity
Anti- device and commutation circuit electric capacity C2, IGCT SCR are connected in parallel with diode D, and are connected in the primary side L1 of mutual reactor;In advance
Charging capacitor C1 connects with mutual reactor primary side L1 and IGCT SCR successively;Commutation circuit electric capacity C2 and mutual reactor
Secondary L2 connects.The output end of trigger element 4 is connected with the control terminal for the convertor unit that charges, when power system is broken down,
Charging convertor unit is turned on for producing trigger signal, produces the oscillating current with fault current direction.Energy-absorbing compression limiter 3
For Zinc-Oxide Arrester, the both end voltage of main loop unit is limited.
In normal conditions, main loop unit 1 is small by system nominal current, its running wastage.Charging convertor unit 2 is used
In producing high frequency reverse current under fault condition, artificially generated current zero-crossing point, realize mechanical switch and cut-off.Energy-absorbing pressure limiting
Unit is used for after main loop unit 1 cut-offs fault current, absorbs inductive element in the cut-off rear power system of fault current and deposits
The energy of storage realizes the voltage-limiting protection to the mechanical switch;The trigger element is in parallel with the charging convertor unit, uses
The charging convertor unit is triggered after failure to turn it on.
In embodiments of the present invention, the major function of main loop unit is to cut-off event in current zero-crossing point by mechanical switch CB
Hinder electric current, saturable reactor fault current limiting rate of descent before the current zero crossing;Charging convertor unit major function be
High frequency oscillating current is produced by recharged capacitance C1 and mutual reactor L1, oscillating current amplitude exceedes system failure electric current width
Value, the artificial current zero-crossing point that manufactures cut-off mechanical switch CB;The major function of energy-absorbing compression limiter is to be used to absorb failure electricity
Inductive element stores in power system after stream is cut off energy realizes the voltage-limiting protection to mechanical switch CB;Trigger element with
The charging convertor unit is in parallel, and its major function is that triggering charging convertor unit turns it on after being used for the system failure.
It is as follows that its course of work is now described in detail:
When the systems are operating normally, mechanical switch CB is closed, and system power flows through mechanical switch CB and saturable reactor L3,
Now saturable reactor L3 is operated in zone of saturation, and its inductance value is small, and on-state loss is smaller.When system occur short trouble, by
When only possessing current over-zero connecting-disconnecting function in the used unit that cut-offs, therefore cut-offfing fault current, mechanical switch CB contact
Separate and arcing, mechanical switch CB, which reaches, effectively to be opened away from rear, and trigger element 4 sends signal triggering IGCT SCR, and conducting charging is changed
Unit 2 is flowed, recharged capacitance C1 and mutual reactor primary side L1 vibrates, and produces high frequency oscillating current, so as to mutual reactor pair
Side L2 and commutation circuit electric capacity C2 produces reversing oscillating current, and oscillating current amplitude exceedes system maximum fault current amplitude,
So that mechanical switch CB produces zero crossing and blow-out;The low current stage before fault current zero crossing is cut-off, due to flowing through
The electric current of main loop unit is smaller, and saturable reactor L3 is operated in unsaturated region, and its inductance value is larger so that commutation circuit etc.
Imitating frequency reduces, so as to reduce the rate of descent of zero crossing prior fault electric current so that cut-off relatively reliable.
After mechanical switch CB zero passage blow-outs, electric current is transferred to mutual reactor secondary L2 and commutation circuit electric capacity C2's
Change of current branch road, voltage is gradually increasing on commutation circuit electric capacity C2, and is applied on mechanical switch CB fractures, mechanical switch CB both ends
Recovery voltage rise, when reaching energy-absorbing unit operation voltage, energy-absorbing compression limiter acts and absorbs fault current and is cut off
The energy that inductive element stores in power system afterwards realizes the voltage-limiting protection to the mechanical switch, completes opening for fault current
It is disconnected.
When short trouble occurs for system, flowing through mechanical switch CB and saturable reactor electric current will rise rapidly, by
In saturable reactor be inductive element, it will in the climbing of fault current limiting to a certain degree, thus reduce system pair therefore
Barrier judges the requirement of sensitivity, while also reduces impact of the fault current to system.Meanwhile mechanical switch CB is opened and fired
Arc, reach switchable in the distance of mechanical switch contact and effectively open away from afterwards, trigger element sends signal, triggers IGCT
SCR is turned on, and so as to which recharged capacitance C1 and mutual reactor primary side L1 vibrations produce reverse high frequency oscillating current, is superimposed upon and is led back
An artificially generated zero crossing on the unit of road so that mechanical switch blow-out.The recovery voltage at mechanical switch CB both ends after blow-out
Rise, when reaching energy-absorbing compression limiter operation voltage, the energy in energy-absorbing compression limiter action absorption system in inductive element,
Complete cut-offfing for fault current.
During fault current is cut-off, saturable reactor never will be transferred to saturation workspace by saturation operation region
Domain, its inductance value will significantly increase, and so as to limit the fault current rate of descent before current zero-crossing point, ensure that what is cut-off
Reliability;Simultaneously as the reduction of fault current rate of descent, the capacity of required capacitor can also decrease, and this will effectively
Reduce the manufacturing cost of breaker.
To cut-off current waveform figure during 25kA high currents without the high voltage DC breaker of saturable reactor, Fig. 4 is Fig. 3
High voltage DC breaker provided by the present invention with saturable reactor cut-offs current waveform figure during 25kA high currents, wherein x
Axle is time t, unit s;Y-axis is current amplitude, unit kA;Solid line represents mechanical switch CB fracture electric currents, and dotted line represents coupling
Reactor secondary current.When cut-offfing fault current without the high voltage DC breaker of saturable reactor for Fig. 3, mechanical switch CB
Di/dt before fracture current zero-crossing point is about 80A/us, and high voltage DC breakers of the Fig. 4 with saturable reactor cut-offs failure electricity
During stream, the di/dt before mechanical switch CB fracture current zero-crossing points is about 20A/us, and contrast is understood, the high pressure with saturable reactor
Di/dt when dc circuit breaker cut-offs fault current before zero crossing, which has, largely to be reduced, and this cut-offs increase reliable
Property and reduce capacitor dosage so as to reach reduce cost purpose.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.