CN107858202B - Selenium-rich tea oil and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Selenium-rich tea oil and processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107858202B CN107858202B CN201711144965.8A CN201711144965A CN107858202B CN 107858202 B CN107858202 B CN 107858202B CN 201711144965 A CN201711144965 A CN 201711144965A CN 107858202 B CN107858202 B CN 107858202B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
- A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
- A23D9/04—Working-up
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28083—Pore diameter being in the range 2-50 nm, i.e. mesopores
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
Abstract
The invention discloses selenium-rich tea oil and a processing technology thereof, and the processing technology comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating camellia seeds to obtain camellia seed kernel powder: (2) drying the camellia seed kernel powder; (3) conveying the dried camellia seed kernel powder into an oil press for pressing, and collecting oil materials from the oil press to obtain crude oil; (4) degumming the crude oil to obtain degummed tea oil; (5) deacidifying and decolorizing the degummed tea oil to obtain deacidified and decolorized tea oil; (6) filter-pressing deacidified and decolored tea oil to obtain refined tea oil; (7) adding selenium-rich substances into refined tea oil, and mixing well to obtain selenium-rich tea oil. The selenium-rich tea oil disclosed by the invention is fragrant in smell and excellent in nutrition proportion, the natural quality of the tea oil is ensured not to be damaged while the tea oil is refined, and the obtained tea oil has good sensory quality and excellent stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tea oil, in particular to selenium-rich tea oil and a processing technology thereof.
Background
Tea oil is a pure natural high-grade woody plant oil, and the fatty acid composition of the tea oil is similar to the best olive oil recognized in the world, and the tea oil has the reputation of east olive oil. However, various problems exist in the conventional refining process of tea oil.
The invention with the application number of 201610227501.2 discloses a nutritional health tea oil for supplementing linolenic acid and a preparation method thereof, wherein the nutritional health tea oil for supplementing linolenic acid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 900 portions of camellia oil, 20 to 50 portions of linseed oil and 0.05 to 0.5 portion of antioxidant. The invention takes the tea oil as the basis, supplements linolenic acid, forms the nutrient blend oil with scientific and reasonable fatty acid composition, and provides nutrition for human bodies. The product has pure and fresh unique flavor of the tea oil and meets the national relevant standards of edible tea oil.
The invention with the application number of 201510147307.9 discloses a health-care camellia oil, which is prepared by mixing 50-60 parts by weight of camellia seed oil, 25-40 parts by weight of sesame oil, 10-20 parts by weight of perilla seed oil and 4-6 parts by weight of pine nut oil, is green, safe and free of additives, is rich in various nutritional ingredients such as linolenic acid, vitamin E and the like, can supplement nutrition required by a human body when being eaten together with rice or bread in daily life, achieves the effects of preventing diseases and building the body, can be used for treating skin damage and skin inflammation when being used as base oil, and is particularly suitable for infants.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
one of the technical problems to be solved by the invention is to provide a processing technology of selenium-rich tea oil.
The processing technology of the selenium-rich tea oil comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating camellia seeds to obtain camellia seed kernel powder:
(2) drying the camellia seed kernel powder;
(3) conveying the dried camellia seed kernel powder into an oil press for pressing, and collecting oil materials from the oil press to obtain crude oil;
(4) degumming the crude oil to obtain degummed tea oil;
(5) deacidifying and decolorizing the degummed tea oil to obtain deacidified and decolorized tea oil;
(6) filter-pressing deacidified and decolored tea oil to obtain refined tea oil;
(7) adding selenium-rich substances into refined tea oil, and mixing well to obtain selenium-rich tea oil.
Specifically, the processing technology of the selenium-rich tea oil comprises the following steps:
(1) removing impurities from oil tea seeds, husking, separating shells and kernels, and crushing to obtain oil tea seed kernel powder;
(2) drying the camellia seed kernel powder at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ until the water content of the seed kernel is less than 5%;
(3) rolling the dried oil tea seed kernel powder into 5-7kg of blank, pressing the blank in an oil press at a barrel temperature of 60-70 ℃ and a pressure of 40-50MPa, and collecting oil and pressed cake; crushing, drying and re-pressing the pressed cake, repeating the steps for 3-4 times, and combining oil materials from the oil presses to obtain crude oil;
(4) heating the crude oil to 80-90 ℃, adding 45-48% of citric acid aqueous solution by mass, wherein the addition amount of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.12-0.15% of the weight of the crude oil, and stirring at the rotation speed of 180-250 revolutions per minute for 20-30 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then cooling to 50-55 ℃, and adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4.5-4.8 by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 4-6%; adding distilled water 2-3% of the weight of the mixed solution and phospholipase A1 0.012-0.015 time of the weight of the mixed solution, and stirring at the rotation speed of 180-220 r/min for reaction for 5-6 hours; centrifuging the reaction liquid at the rotating speed of 4000-;
(5) deacidifying and decolorizing the degummed tea oil to obtain deacidified and decolorized tea oil;
(6) performing pressure filtration on the deacidified and decolorized tea oil at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.3-0.4MPa to obtain refined tea oil;
(7) adding selenium-rich substances 0.0003-0.0005 times of refined tea oil into the refined tea oil, and mixing to obtain the selenium-rich tea oil.
Specifically, the processing technology of the selenium-rich tea oil comprises the following steps:
(1) removing impurities from oil tea seeds, husking, separating shells and kernels, and crushing to obtain oil tea seed kernel powder;
(2) drying the camellia seed kernel powder at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ until the water content of the seed kernel is less than 5%;
(3) rolling the dried oil tea seed kernel powder into 5-7kg of blank, pressing the blank in an oil press at a barrel temperature of 60-70 ℃ and a pressure of 40-50MPa, and collecting oil and pressed cake; crushing, drying and re-pressing the pressed cake, repeating the steps for 3-4 times, and combining oil materials from the oil presses to obtain crude oil;
(4) heating the crude oil to 80-90 ℃, adding 45-48% of citric acid aqueous solution by mass, wherein the addition amount of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.12-0.15% of the weight of the crude oil, and stirring at the rotation speed of 180-250 revolutions per minute for 20-30 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then cooling to 50-55 ℃, and adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4.5-4.8 by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 4-6%; adding distilled water 2-3% of the weight of the mixed solution and phospholipase A1 0.012-0.015 time of the weight of the mixed solution, and stirring at the rotation speed of 180-220 r/min for reaction for 5-6 hours; centrifuging the reaction liquid at the rotating speed of 4000-;
(5) deacidifying and decolorizing the degummed tea oil to obtain deacidified and decolorized tea oil;
(6) adding biological pottery which is 1.6-2.0% of the weight of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil and anhydrous sodium acetate which is 0.2-0.4% of the weight of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil into the deacidified and decolorized tea oil, uniformly mixing, centrifuging for 5-15 minutes at the rotating speed of 4000 plus materials at 5000 revolutions per minute, and taking an upper oil phase A; freezing the upper oil phase A at-5 to-2 ℃ for 25-30 minutes, continuously centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000-;
(7) carrying out filter pressing on the tea oil without benzopyrene at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.3-0.4MPa to obtain refined tea oil;
(8) adding selenium-rich substances 0.0003-0.0005 times of refined tea oil into the refined tea oil, and mixing to obtain the selenium-rich tea oil.
The selenium-rich substance is one of selenium-rich garlicin, selenium-rich edible fungi and selenium-rich protein powder.
In some technical schemes of the invention, the specific process for deacidifying and decoloring the degummed tea oil in the step (5) is as follows: heating the degummed tea oil to 30-35 ℃, adding caustic soda which is 2-3% of the weight of the degummed tea oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 70-80 r/min for 20-30 min; continuously heating to 55-60 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 40-50 rpm for 10-15 minutes; standing at 55-60 deg.C for 8-12 hr, layering, and collecting upper oil phase to obtain alkaline refined oleum Camelliae; heating the tea oil after alkali refining to 80-85 ℃, adding water with the temperature of 80-85 ℃, wherein the adding amount of the water is 10-12% of the weight of the tea oil after alkali refining, and stirring for 20-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 80-90 r/min; cooling to 23-25 deg.C, standing at 23-25 deg.C for 8-10 hr, layering, and discarding water phase; repeating the above washing process until the discarded water phase is clear; heating the washed tea oil to 100-105 ℃, adding activated carbon which accounts for 3-4% of the weight of the washed tea oil, and keeping the temperature at 100-105 ℃ for 30-40 minutes; then cooling to 23-25 ℃, centrifuging for 10-20 minutes at the rotating speed of 2000-3000 r/min, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain the deacidified and decolored tea oil.
In the deacidification and decoloration process of the tea oil, the following defects exist: (1) the addition of caustic soda removes free fatty acid in the tea oil by using the principle of acid-base neutralization to achieve the effect of reducing acidity, but byproducts of acid-base neutralization remain in the tea oil, thereby affecting the quality of the tea oil; (2) residual alkali can be removed only by a large amount of repeated water washing, but the oil-water emulsification is caused by the tea saponin contained in the tea oil, so that the separation of the oil and the water is difficult, the process is long and the requirement on equipment is high; (3) the discharged wastewater after washing is alkaline, and because the use amount is more, the environment pollution is serious, and the industrial cost required for treating the wastewater needs to be considered; (4) the lye may also saponify a portion of the oil, making the loss of neutral oil more severe. Therefore, the inventors tried to simplify the deacidification and decoloration step of the tea oil by other processes.
In some technical schemes of the invention, the specific process for deacidifying and decoloring the degummed tea oil in the step (5) is as follows: adding aminated mesoporous silica accounting for 5-7% of the weight of the degummed tea oil into the degummed tea oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 100-; then centrifuging at 2000-3000 r/min for 10-20 min, collecting the upper oil phase, and obtaining the deacidified and decolorized tea oil.
The results show that the deacidification and decoloration treatment of the tea oil by using the aminated mesoporous silica can obtain the tea oil with reduced acid value and basically unchanged oleic acid content, and the reasons of the two aspects are presumed to be as follows: (1) the aminated mesoporous silica has active amino groups, functional groups are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of a pore passage of the mesoporous silica and are easy to react with acid, and deacidification is carried out by utilizing the chemical acid-base reaction of the amino groups; (2) the pore canal of the mesoporous material can also absorb organic acid, and the orderliness of the mesoporous material and the stability of the modified components are higher.
The invention provides two technical schemes for preparing aminated mesoporous silica, and the obtained aminated mesoporous silica is aminated mesoporous silica I and aminated mesoporous silica II respectively.
The preparation process of the aminated mesoporous silica I comprises the following steps: adding a template agent, deionized water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the template agent to the deionized water to the ethanol is 1: (100-110): 5, uniformly mixing at 23-25 ℃; then adding hydrochloric acid with the molar concentration of 0.1-0.2mol/L, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of the template agent to the hydrochloric acid is 1: (0.8-1.2) (g/mL), stirring at a rotation speed of 160-180 rpm for 5-10 minutes; adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution and tetramethoxysilane, wherein the volume fraction of the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 5-6%, and the volume ratio of hydrochloric acid to the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution to the tetramethoxysilane is 1: (1.4-1.5): 0.25, stirring and reacting for 30-50 minutes at the rotating speed of 160-220 revolutions per minute; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 3000-; washing the bottom solid with water and ethanol in sequence, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom solid to the water to the ethanol is 1: 50: (40-50) and roasting at 500-550 ℃ for 6-8 hours to obtain the aminated mesoporous silica I.
The preparation process of the aminated mesoporous silica II comprises the following steps: adding a template agent, deionized water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the template agent to the deionized water to the ethanol is 1: (100-110): 5, uniformly mixing at 23-25 ℃; adding 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene, mixing, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10-15 minutes; then adding hydrochloric acid with the molar concentration of 0.1-0.2mol/L, template agent, 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene and hydrochloric acid with the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 (0.4-0.8): (0.8-1.2) (g/mL), stirring at 160 rpm for 8 minutes; continuously adding the ethanol solution of the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and the tetramethoxysilane, wherein the volume fraction of the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 5-6%, and the volume ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the ethanol solution of the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the tetramethoxysilane is 1: (1.4-1.5): 0.25, stirring and reacting for 30-50 minutes at the rotating speed of 160-220 revolutions per minute; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 3000-; washing the bottom solid with water and ethanol in sequence, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom solid to the water to the ethanol is 1: 50: (40-50) and roasting at 500-550 ℃ for 6-8 hours to obtain the aminated mesoporous silica II.
1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene is added in the preparation process of the aminated mesoporous silica II, and the 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene can be dissolved in micelles generated by the template agent, so that the volume of the micelles is increased. After the ethanol solution of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and tetramethoxysilane are continuously added into the system, the organosilicon is subjected to hydrolysis, polymerization and other reactions and interacts with the surfactant and the micelle to form hierarchical pore structures such as mesopores, pits, foam-like mesopores, cavities and the like. The multi-stage pore structure is more convenient for the diffusion and transmission of molecules in the refining process.
The pore diameter of the aminated mesoporous silica prepared in the embodiment of the invention is about 10nm, and the particle diameter is 150-200 nm.
The inventor discovers through exploration that when a composition of the basic mesoporous silica I and the amino mesoporous silica II is selected, the deacidification and decoloration effects of the tea oil are better and excellent. Preferably, the aminated mesoporous silica is a mixture of aminated mesoporous silica I and aminated mesoporous silica II, wherein the ratio of aminated mesoporous silica I to aminated mesoporous silica II is 1: (2-4).
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide selenium-rich tea oil.
The selenium-rich tea oil is prepared by adopting any one of the production processes of the selenium-rich tea oil.
The selenium-rich tea oil disclosed by the invention is fragrant in smell and excellent in nutrition proportion, the natural quality of the tea oil is ensured not to be damaged while the tea oil is refined, and the obtained tea oil has good sensory quality and excellent stability.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
In the embodiment described below, it is preferred that,
camellia seed, purchased from Tu's agricultural development, Inc., Guangshui.
The dust removal fan is purchased from Shanghai Total wind industries, Inc., and has the model of LYX-94-3-25 KW.
Dryer, purchased from the firm, national machinery plant, model GX-1.5X 7M.
Flat plate dryer, available from Zhengzhou Williate mechanical Equipment Ltd, model number LPH.
The shucker is purchased from Guangdong Yunhua mechanical equipment Co., Ltd, and has the model YB 14-40A.
An oil press, available from Zhengzhou national mechanical equipments, Inc., model D-120.
Pulverizer, model GN-20, from Guangzhou Lang Xue machine, Inc.
Soft water was purchased from Hengxin environmental protection facilities, Inc., Jingjiang City.
Caustic soda, CAS number: 1310-73-2, available from chemical Mongolian chemical company, Inc.
Activated carbon, CAS No.: 64365-11-3, available from Bailingwei technologies, Inc.
The filter press is purchased from Yulong Filter Press, Hangzhou, Inc., and has model number XMYZBL 500.
Selenium-rich allicin, purchased from Shandong Tian Qi Yuan Biotech limited.
Citric acid, CAS No.: 77-92-9, available from Guangzhou and chemical Co.
Phospholipase A1, available from Novoxin (China) Biotechnology Ltd., enzyme activity was 1000U/g.
The biological pottery is processed by a scientific formula consisting of plant fibers, mineral substances, microbial extracts and argil, has a developed pore structure and rich microporous tissues, and has a strong adsorption function. The biological pottery adopted in the examples is purchased from Henan Heng environmental protection equipment limited company, and the particle size is 4-6 mm.
Sodium acetate, CAS No.: 6131-90-4 from Bailingwei Tech Co.
The template is specifically P123, which is purchased from Pasteur China Co., Ltd, and has the molecular weight of 5800.
3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, CAS No.: 919-30-2, available from Wanda, Shandong, New Silicone Material, Inc.
Tetramethoxysilane, CAS No.: 681-84-5, available from Meilansu industries, Inc.
1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene, CAS No.: 108-67-8, available from cametti chemical co.
The peroxide value refers to GB/T5538-2005 animal and vegetable fat: peroxide number determination "sodium thiosulfate titration method.
The content of benzopyrene is detected according to the national standard GB/T22509-2008 'determination of benzopyrene in animal and vegetable fat & oil'.
The detection of oleic acid is carried out with reference to GB/T17376-2008.
The detection of acid value is carried out by reference to GB/T5530-2008.
The content of phospholipid is determined by reference to GB/T5537-2008.
Example 1
The processing technology of the tea oil comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature camellia seeds, and removing dust by using a dust removal fan and removing iron impurities by using a permanent magnet roller; peeling off shells by a husking machine, and separating shells and kernels by wind power separation to obtain camellia seed kernels; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher, and sieving by a 35-mesh sieve to obtain camellia seed kernel powder;
(2) drying the camellia seed oil kernel powder at the temperature of 70 ℃ until the pressing moisture is 4%;
(3) rolling the dried camellia seed kernel powder into a blank of 7kg, conveying the blank into an oil press for pressing, wherein the temperature of a pressing chamber is 70 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and collecting oil materials and pressed cakes; continuously crushing, drying and re-pressing the pressed cake, repeating the steps for 3 times, and combining oil materials from the oil presses to obtain crude oil;
(4) heating the crude oil to 80 ℃, adding soft water accounting for 30 percent of the weight of the crude oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80 revolutions per minute for 30 minutes to obtain an oil-water mixture; centrifuging the oil-water mixture at a rotating speed of 3000 rpm for 20 minutes, and collecting an upper oil phase to obtain degummed tea oil;
(5) heating the degummed tea oil to 35 ℃, adding caustic soda which is 2 percent of the weight of the degummed tea oil, and stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 70 revolutions per minute; continuously heating to 55 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 40 revolutions per minute for 10 minutes; standing at 55 deg.C for 10 hr, layering, and collecting upper oil phase to obtain alkaline refined oleum Camelliae; heating the tea oil after alkali refining to 80 ℃, adding water with the temperature of 80 ℃, wherein the adding amount of the water is 10 percent of the weight of the tea oil after alkali refining, and stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 80 revolutions per minute; then cooling to 25 ℃, standing for 8 hours at 25 ℃, layering, and discarding the water phase; repeating the above washing process until the discarded water phase is clear; heating the washed tea oil to 100 ℃, adding activated carbon which accounts for 3 percent of the weight of the washed tea oil, and keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for 30 minutes; then cooling to 25 ℃, centrifuging for 15 minutes at the rotating speed of 3000 r/min, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain deacidified and decolored tea oil;
(6) performing pressure filtration on the deacidified and decolorized tea oil at the temperature of 60 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain refined tea oil.
The tea oil of example 1 was found to have a peroxide value of 6.52mmol/kg and a phospholipid content of 40.74 ppm.
Example 2
The processing technology of the selenium-rich tea oil comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature camellia seeds, and removing dust by using a dust removal fan and removing iron impurities by using a permanent magnet roller; peeling off shells by a husking machine, and separating shells and kernels by wind power separation to obtain camellia seed kernels; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher, and sieving by a 35-mesh sieve to obtain camellia seed kernel powder;
(2) drying the camellia seed oil kernel powder at the temperature of 70 ℃ until the pressing moisture is 4%;
(3) rolling the dried camellia seed kernel powder into a blank of 7kg, conveying the blank into an oil press for pressing, wherein the temperature of a pressing chamber is 70 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and collecting oil materials and pressed cakes; continuously crushing, drying and re-pressing the pressed cake, repeating the steps for 3 times, and combining oil materials from the oil presses to obtain crude oil;
(4) heating the crude oil to 80 ℃, adding soft water accounting for 30 percent of the weight of the crude oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80 revolutions per minute for 30 minutes to obtain an oil-water mixture; centrifuging the oil-water mixture at a rotating speed of 3000 rpm for 20 minutes, and collecting an upper oil phase to obtain degummed tea oil;
(5) heating the degummed tea oil to 35 ℃, adding caustic soda which is 2 percent of the weight of the degummed tea oil, and stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 70 revolutions per minute; continuously heating to 55 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 40 revolutions per minute for 10 minutes; standing at 55 deg.C for 10 hr, layering, and collecting upper oil phase to obtain alkaline refined oleum Camelliae; heating the tea oil after alkali refining to 80 ℃, adding water with the temperature of 80 ℃, wherein the adding amount of the water is 10 percent of the weight of the tea oil after alkali refining, and stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 80 revolutions per minute; then cooling to 25 ℃, standing for 8 hours at 25 ℃, layering, and discarding the water phase; repeating the above washing process until the discarded water phase is clear; heating the washed tea oil to 100 ℃, adding activated carbon which accounts for 3 percent of the weight of the washed tea oil, and keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for 30 minutes; then cooling to 25 ℃, centrifuging for 15 minutes at the rotating speed of 3000 r/min, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain deacidified and decolored tea oil;
(6) performing pressure filtration on the deacidified and decolorized tea oil at the temperature of 60 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain refined tea oil;
(7) adding selenium-rich allicin 0.0003 times of the weight of the refined tea oil into the refined tea oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-rich tea oil.
The tea oil of example 2 was found to have a peroxide value of 4.37mmol/kg and a phospholipid content of 38.52 ppm.
Example 3
The processing technology of the selenium-rich tea oil comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature camellia seeds, and removing dust by using a dust removal fan and removing iron impurities by using a permanent magnet roller; peeling off shells by a husking machine, and separating shells and kernels by wind power separation to obtain camellia seed kernels; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher, and sieving by a 35-mesh sieve to obtain camellia seed kernel powder;
(2) drying the camellia seed oil kernel powder at the temperature of 70 ℃ until the pressing moisture is 4%;
(3) rolling the dried camellia seed kernel powder into a blank of 7kg, conveying the blank into an oil press for pressing, wherein the temperature of a pressing chamber is 70 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and collecting oil materials and pressed cakes; continuously crushing, drying and re-pressing the pressed cake, repeating the steps for 3 times, and combining oil materials from the oil presses to obtain crude oil;
(4) heating the crude oil to 80 ℃, adding a citric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 45%, wherein the addition amount of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.12% of the weight of the crude oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then cooling to 50 ℃, and adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4.8 by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 4%; adding distilled water accounting for 2 percent of the weight of the mixed solution and phospholipase A1 accounting for 0.015 time of the weight of the mixed solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for reaction for 5 hours; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain the degummed tea oil;
(5) heating the degummed tea oil to 35 ℃, adding caustic soda which is 2 percent of the weight of the degummed tea oil, and stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 70 revolutions per minute; continuously heating to 55 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 40 revolutions per minute for 10 minutes; standing at 55 deg.C for 10 hr, layering, and collecting upper oil phase to obtain alkaline refined oleum Camelliae; heating the tea oil after alkali refining to 80 ℃, adding water with the temperature of 80 ℃, wherein the adding amount of the water is 10 percent of the weight of the tea oil after alkali refining, and stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 80 revolutions per minute; then cooling to 25 ℃, standing for 8 hours at 25 ℃, layering, and discarding the water phase; repeating the above washing process until the discarded water phase is clear; heating the washed tea oil to 100 ℃, adding activated carbon which accounts for 3 percent of the weight of the washed tea oil, and keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for 30 minutes; then cooling to 25 ℃, centrifuging for 15 minutes at the rotating speed of 3000 r/min, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain deacidified and decolored tea oil;
(6) performing pressure filtration on the deacidified and decolorized tea oil at the temperature of 60 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain refined tea oil;
(7) adding selenium-rich allicin 0.0003 times of the weight of the refined tea oil into the refined tea oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-rich tea oil.
The benzopyrene content of example 3 was tested to be 8.42. mu.g/kg, and the phospholipid content was 10.39 ppm.
Example 4
The processing technology of the selenium-rich tea oil comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature camellia seeds, and removing dust by using a dust removal fan and removing iron impurities by using a permanent magnet roller; peeling off shells by a husking machine, and separating shells and kernels by wind power separation to obtain camellia seed kernels; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher, and sieving by a 35-mesh sieve to obtain camellia seed kernel powder;
(2) drying the camellia seed oil kernel powder at the temperature of 70 ℃ until the pressing moisture is 4%;
(3) rolling the dried camellia seed kernel powder into a blank of 7kg, conveying the blank into an oil press for pressing, wherein the temperature of a pressing chamber is 70 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and collecting oil materials and pressed cakes; continuously crushing, drying and re-pressing the pressed cake, repeating the steps for 3 times, and combining oil materials from the oil presses to obtain crude oil;
(4) heating the crude oil to 80 ℃, adding a citric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 45%, wherein the addition amount of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.12% of the weight of the crude oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then cooling to 50 ℃, and adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4.8 by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 4%; adding distilled water accounting for 2 percent of the weight of the mixed solution and phospholipase A1 accounting for 0.015 time of the weight of the mixed solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for reaction for 5 hours; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain the degummed tea oil;
(5) heating the degummed tea oil to 35 ℃, adding caustic soda which is 2 percent of the weight of the degummed tea oil, and stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 70 revolutions per minute; continuously heating to 55 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 40 revolutions per minute for 10 minutes; standing at 55 deg.C for 10 hr, layering, and collecting upper oil phase to obtain alkaline refined oleum Camelliae; heating the tea oil after alkali refining to 80 ℃, adding water with the temperature of 80 ℃, wherein the adding amount of the water is 10 percent of the weight of the tea oil after alkali refining, and stirring for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 80 revolutions per minute; then cooling to 25 ℃, standing for 8 hours at 25 ℃, layering, and discarding the water phase; repeating the above washing process until the discarded water phase is clear; heating the washed tea oil to 100 ℃, adding activated carbon which accounts for 3 percent of the weight of the washed tea oil, and keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for 30 minutes; then cooling to 25 ℃, centrifuging for 15 minutes at the rotating speed of 3000 r/min, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain deacidified and decolored tea oil;
(6) adding biological pottery accounting for 1.6% of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil and anhydrous sodium acetate accounting for 0.2% of the tea oil into the deacidified and decolorized tea oil, uniformly mixing, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and taking an upper oil phase A; freezing the upper oil phase A at-5 ℃ for 30 minutes, continuously centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase B to obtain the tea oil without benzopyrene;
(7) carrying out filter pressing on the tea oil without benzopyrene at the temperature of 60 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain refined tea oil;
(8) adding selenium-rich allicin 0.0003 times of the weight of the refined tea oil into the refined tea oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-rich tea oil.
According to detection, the benzopyrene content of example 4 is 1.63 mug/kg, the acid value is 1.01mgKOH/g, and the oleic acid content is 81.96%.
Example 5
The processing technology of the selenium-rich tea oil comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature camellia seeds, and removing dust by using a dust removal fan and removing iron impurities by using a permanent magnet roller; peeling off shells by a husking machine, and separating shells and kernels by wind power separation to obtain camellia seed kernels; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher, and sieving by a 35-mesh sieve to obtain camellia seed kernel powder;
(2) drying the camellia seed oil kernel powder at the temperature of 70 ℃ until the pressing moisture is 4%;
(3) rolling the dried camellia seed kernel powder into a blank of 7kg, conveying the blank into an oil press for pressing, wherein the temperature of a pressing chamber is 70 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and collecting oil materials and pressed cakes; continuously crushing, drying and re-pressing the pressed cake, repeating the steps for 3 times, and combining oil materials from the oil presses to obtain crude oil;
(4) heating the crude oil to 80 ℃, adding a citric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 45%, wherein the addition amount of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.12% of the weight of the crude oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then cooling to 50 ℃, and adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4.8 by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 4%; adding distilled water accounting for 2 percent of the weight of the mixed solution and phospholipase A1 accounting for 0.015 time of the weight of the mixed solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for reaction for 5 hours; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain the degummed tea oil;
(5) adding aminated mesoporous silica I accounting for 7% of the weight of the degummed tea oil into the degummed tea oil, and stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 140 minutes at the rotating speed of 120 revolutions per minute; centrifuging at 3000 r/min for 20 min, and collecting upper oil phase to obtain deacidified and decolorized tea oil;
(6) adding biological pottery accounting for 1.6% of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil and anhydrous sodium acetate accounting for 0.2% of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil into the deacidified and decolorized tea oil, uniformly mixing, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and taking an upper oil phase A; freezing the upper oil phase A at-5 ℃ for 30 minutes, continuously centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase B to obtain the tea oil without benzopyrene;
(7) carrying out filter pressing on the tea oil without benzopyrene at the temperature of 60 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain refined tea oil;
(8) adding selenium-rich allicin 0.0003 times of the weight of the refined tea oil into the refined tea oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-rich tea oil.
The preparation process of the aminated mesoporous silica I comprises the following steps: adding a template agent, deionized water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the template agent to the deionized water to the ethanol is 1: 100: 5, mixing uniformly at 25 ℃; then adding hydrochloric acid with the molar concentration of 0.2mol/L, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of the template agent to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 1(g/mL) and stirring at 160 rpm for 8 minutes; adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution and tetramethoxysilane, wherein the volume fraction of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 5%, and the volume ratio of hydrochloric acid to 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution to tetramethoxysilane is 1: 1.5: 0.25, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes at the rotating speed of 220 revolutions per minute; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 5000 rpm for 30 minutes, and collecting a bottom solid; washing the bottom solid with water and ethanol in sequence, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom solid to the water to the ethanol is 1: 50: 40, roasting for 7 hours at 530 ℃ to obtain the aminated mesoporous silica I.
It was found that the acid value of example 5 was 0.52mgKOH/g and the oleic acid content was 82.51%.
Example 6
The processing technology of the selenium-rich tea oil comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature camellia seeds, and removing dust by using a dust removal fan and removing iron impurities by using a permanent magnet roller; peeling off shells by a husking machine, and separating shells and kernels by wind power separation to obtain camellia seed kernels; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher, and sieving by a 35-mesh sieve to obtain camellia seed kernel powder;
(2) drying the camellia seed oil kernel powder at the temperature of 70 ℃ until the pressing moisture is 4%;
(3) rolling the dried camellia seed kernel powder into a blank of 7kg, conveying the blank into an oil press for pressing, wherein the temperature of a pressing chamber is 70 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and collecting oil materials and pressed cakes; continuously crushing, drying and re-pressing the pressed cake, repeating the steps for 3 times, and combining oil materials from the oil presses to obtain crude oil;
(4) heating the crude oil to 80 ℃, adding a citric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 45%, wherein the addition amount of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.12% of the weight of the crude oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then cooling to 50 ℃, and adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4.8 by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 4%; adding distilled water accounting for 2 percent of the weight of the mixed solution and phospholipase A1 accounting for 0.015 time of the weight of the mixed solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for reaction for 5 hours; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain the degummed tea oil;
(5) adding aminated mesoporous silica II accounting for 7% of the weight of the degummed tea oil into the degummed tea oil, and stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 140 minutes at the rotating speed of 120 revolutions per minute; centrifuging at 3000 r/min for 20 min, and collecting upper oil phase to obtain deacidified and decolorized tea oil;
(6) adding biological pottery accounting for 1.6% of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil and anhydrous sodium acetate accounting for 0.2% of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil into the deacidified and decolorized tea oil, uniformly mixing, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and taking an upper oil phase A; freezing the upper oil phase A at-5 ℃ for 30 minutes, continuously centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase B to obtain the tea oil without benzopyrene;
(7) carrying out filter pressing on the tea oil without benzopyrene at the temperature of 60 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain refined tea oil;
(8) adding selenium-rich allicin 0.0003 times of the weight of the refined tea oil into the refined tea oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-rich tea oil.
The preparation process of the aminated mesoporous silica II comprises the following steps: adding a template agent, deionized water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the template agent to the deionized water to the ethanol is 1: 100: 5, mixing uniformly at 25 ℃; adding 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene, mixing, and ultrasonically dispersing for 15 minutes; then adding hydrochloric acid with the molar concentration of 0.2mol/L, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the template agent, the 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene and the hydrochloric acid is 1: 0.6: 1(g/mL) and stirring at 160 rpm for 8 minutes; continuously adding the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution and tetramethoxysilane, wherein the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane volume fraction is 5%, and the volume ratio of hydrochloric acid to the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution to tetramethoxysilane is 1: 1.5: 0.25, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes at the rotating speed of 220 revolutions per minute; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 5000 rpm for 30 minutes, and collecting a bottom solid; washing the bottom solid with water and ethanol in sequence, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom solid to the water to the ethanol is 1: 50: 40, roasting for 7 hours at 530 ℃ to obtain the aminated mesoporous silica II.
It was found that the acid value of example 6 was 0.39mgKOH/g and the oleic acid content was 82.63%.
Example 7
The processing technology of the selenium-rich tea oil comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature camellia seeds, and removing dust by using a dust removal fan and removing iron impurities by using a permanent magnet roller; peeling off shells by a husking machine, and separating shells and kernels by wind power separation to obtain camellia seed kernels; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher, and sieving by a 35-mesh sieve to obtain camellia seed kernel powder;
(2) drying the camellia seed oil kernel powder at the temperature of 70 ℃ until the pressing moisture is 4%;
(3) rolling the dried camellia seed kernel powder into a blank of 7kg, conveying the blank into an oil press for pressing, wherein the temperature of a pressing chamber is 70 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and collecting oil materials and pressed cakes; continuously crushing, drying and re-pressing the pressed cake, repeating the steps for 3 times, and combining oil materials from the oil presses to obtain crude oil;
(4) heating the crude oil to 80 ℃, adding a citric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 45%, wherein the addition amount of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.12% of the weight of the crude oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then cooling to 50 ℃, and adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4.8 by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 4%; adding distilled water accounting for 2 percent of the weight of the mixed solution and phospholipase A1 accounting for 0.015 time of the weight of the mixed solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for reaction for 5 hours; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain the degummed tea oil;
(5) adding aminated mesoporous silica accounting for 7% of the weight of the degummed tea oil into the degummed tea oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 120 revolutions per minute for 140 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃; centrifuging at 3000 r/min for 20 min, and collecting upper oil phase to obtain deacidified and decolorized tea oil;
(6) adding biological pottery accounting for 1.6% of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil and anhydrous sodium acetate accounting for 0.2% of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil into the deacidified and decolorized tea oil, uniformly mixing, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and taking an upper oil phase A; freezing the upper oil phase A at-5 ℃ for 30 minutes, continuously centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase B to obtain the tea oil without benzopyrene;
(7) carrying out filter pressing on the tea oil without benzopyrene at the temperature of 60 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain refined tea oil;
(8) adding selenium-rich allicin 0.0003 times of the weight of the refined tea oil into the refined tea oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-rich tea oil.
The aminated mesoporous silica is a mixture of aminated mesoporous silica I and aminated mesoporous silica II, wherein the ratio of aminated mesoporous silica I to aminated mesoporous silica II is 1: 3.
the preparation process of the aminated mesoporous silica I comprises the following steps: adding a template agent, deionized water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the template agent to the deionized water to the ethanol is 1: 100: 5, mixing uniformly at 25 ℃; then adding hydrochloric acid with the molar concentration of 0.2mol/L, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of the template agent to the hydrochloric acid is 1: 1(g/mL) and stirring at 160 rpm for 8 minutes; adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution and tetramethoxysilane, wherein the volume fraction of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 5%, and the volume ratio of hydrochloric acid to 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution to tetramethoxysilane is 1: 1.5: 0.25, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes at the rotating speed of 220 revolutions per minute; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 5000 rpm for 30 minutes, and collecting a bottom solid; washing the bottom solid with water and ethanol in sequence, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom solid to the water to the ethanol is 1: 50: 40, roasting for 7 hours at 530 ℃ to obtain the aminated mesoporous silica I.
The preparation process of the aminated mesoporous silica II comprises the following steps: adding a template agent, deionized water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the template agent to the deionized water to the ethanol is 1: 100: 5, mixing uniformly at 25 ℃; adding 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene, mixing, and ultrasonically dispersing for 15 minutes; then adding hydrochloric acid with the molar concentration of 0.2mol/L, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the template agent, the 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene and the hydrochloric acid is 1: 0.6: 1(g/mL) and stirring at 160 rpm for 8 minutes; continuously adding the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution and tetramethoxysilane, wherein the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane volume fraction is 5%, and the volume ratio of hydrochloric acid to the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution to tetramethoxysilane is 1: 1.5: 0.25, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes at the rotating speed of 220 revolutions per minute; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 5000 rpm for 30 minutes, and collecting a bottom solid; washing the bottom solid with water and ethanol in sequence, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom solid to the water to the ethanol is 1: 50: 40, roasting for 7 hours at 530 ℃ to obtain the aminated mesoporous silica II.
It was found that the acid value of example 7 was 0.18mgKOH/g and the oleic acid content was 82.78%.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The processing technology of the selenium-rich tea oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting mature camellia seeds, and removing dust by using a dust removal fan and removing iron impurities by using a permanent magnet roller; peeling off shells by a husking machine, and separating shells and kernels by wind power separation to obtain camellia seed kernels; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher, and sieving by a 35-mesh sieve to obtain camellia seed kernel powder;
(2) drying the camellia seed oil kernel powder at the temperature of 70 ℃ until the pressing moisture is 4%;
(3) rolling the dried camellia seed kernel powder into a blank of 7kg, conveying the blank into an oil press for pressing, wherein the temperature of a pressing chamber is 70 ℃, the pressure is 50MPa, and collecting oil materials and pressed cakes; continuously crushing, drying and re-pressing the pressed cake, repeating the steps for 3 times, and combining oil materials from the oil presses to obtain crude oil;
(4) heating the crude oil to 80 ℃, adding a citric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 45%, wherein the addition amount of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.12% of the weight of the crude oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then cooling to 50 ℃, and adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 4.8 by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 4%; adding distilled water accounting for 2 percent of the weight of the mixed solution and phospholipase A1 accounting for 0.015 time of the weight of the mixed solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 180 revolutions per minute for reaction for 5 hours; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase to obtain the degummed tea oil;
(5) adding aminated mesoporous silica accounting for 7% of the weight of the degummed tea oil into the degummed tea oil, and stirring at the rotating speed of 120 revolutions per minute for 140 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃; centrifuging at 3000 r/min for 20 min, and collecting upper oil phase to obtain deacidified and decolorized tea oil;
(6) adding biological pottery accounting for 1.6% of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil and anhydrous sodium acetate accounting for 0.2% of the deacidified and decolorized tea oil into the deacidified and decolorized tea oil, uniformly mixing, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and taking an upper oil phase A; freezing the upper oil phase A at-5 ℃ for 30 minutes, continuously centrifuging at the rotating speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes, and collecting the upper oil phase B to obtain the tea oil without benzopyrene;
(7) carrying out filter pressing on the tea oil without benzopyrene at the temperature of 60 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain refined tea oil;
(8) adding selenium-rich allicin 0.0003 times of the weight of the refined tea oil into the refined tea oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-rich tea oil;
the aminated mesoporous silica is a mixture of aminated mesoporous silica I and aminated mesoporous silica II, wherein the ratio of aminated mesoporous silica I to aminated mesoporous silica II is 1: 3;
the preparation process of the aminated mesoporous silica I comprises the following steps: adding a template agent, deionized water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the template agent to the deionized water to the ethanol is 1: 100: 5, mixing uniformly at 25 ℃; then adding hydrochloric acid with the molar concentration of 0.2mol/L, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the template agent to the hydrochloric acid is 1g: 1mL, stirring for 8 minutes at the rotating speed of 160 revolutions per minute; adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution and tetramethoxysilane, wherein the volume fraction of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 5%, and the volume ratio of hydrochloric acid to 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution to tetramethoxysilane is 1: 1.5: 0.25, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes at the rotating speed of 220 revolutions per minute; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 5000 rpm for 30 minutes, and collecting a bottom solid; washing the bottom solid with water and ethanol in sequence, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom solid to the water to the ethanol is 1: 50: 40, roasting for 7 hours at 530 ℃ to obtain the aminated mesoporous silica I;
the preparation process of the aminated mesoporous silica II comprises the following steps: adding a template agent, deionized water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the template agent to the deionized water to the ethanol is 1: 100: 5, mixing uniformly at 25 ℃; adding 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene, mixing, and ultrasonically dispersing for 15 minutes; then adding hydrochloric acid with the molar concentration of 0.2mol/L, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the template agent, the 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene and the hydrochloric acid is 1g:0.6 mL: 1mL, stirring for 8 minutes at the rotating speed of 160 revolutions per minute; continuously adding the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution and tetramethoxysilane, wherein the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane volume fraction is 5%, and the volume ratio of hydrochloric acid to the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ethanol solution to tetramethoxysilane is 1: 1.5: 0.25, stirring and reacting for 40 minutes at the rotating speed of 220 revolutions per minute; centrifuging the reaction solution at the rotating speed of 5000 rpm for 30 minutes, and collecting a bottom solid; washing the bottom solid with water and ethanol in sequence, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom solid to the water to the ethanol is 1: 50: 40, roasting for 7 hours at 530 ℃ to obtain the aminated mesoporous silica II.
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