A kind of method that enzyme process auxiliary carragheen decolourizes
Technical field
The present invention relates to carragheen to extract processing technique field, more particularly to the side that a kind of enzyme process auxiliary carragheen decolourizes
Method.
Background technology
Carragheen is a kind of water-soluble polysaccharide extracted from red algae, by 1,3- β-D- galactopyranoses and 1,
4-α-D- galactopyranoses are alternately formed by connecting as basic framework, are a kind of hydrophilic natural polysaccharide vegetable glue, mainly
It is present in the cell membrane of the Eucheuma in Rhodophyceae, Chondrus, China fir Trentepohlia and husky Lepidium etc..Carragheen, which has, forms parent
The characteristics such as hydrocolloid, gel, thickening, emulsification, film forming, stable dispersion, these unique performances make carragheen as excellent food
Product additive is widely used in food industry.Carragheen has by carraoligose, oligosaccharide caused by biodegradation
Unique bioactivity, such as anti-oxidant, antiviral, antitumor, anti-calculus, immunological regulation.In addition, carragheen is also largely used to
The pharmaceuticals industries such as microbiological culture media, spansule/tablet, ointment base, cod-liver oil emulsion agent.
The industrialized production of the thick glue of carragheen mainly uses alkali process at present, and Eucheuma is red as a kind of common ocean
Algae, rich in carragheen, it has also become produce the important source material of carragheen.Kappa-carrageenan contains a variety of pigments, including chlorophyll, class
Caused pigment such as carbohydrate breakdown thing, plan melanin, caramel in carrotene, phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, and production process
Deng.The residual of pigment, the quality of carragheen is directly affects, especially cause very big to transparency, viscosity and gel strength etc.
Influence.Therefore, decolorization is a procedure very crucial in carragheen extraction process.The currently used thick glue of carragheen
Decoloration treatment method be mainly sodium hypochlorite bleaching method.Because of its high oxidative, sodium hypochlorite decolorizing effect is obvious, but easily
Cause the degraded of OK a karaoke club glue polysaccharide, and largely use and will increase the burden of environmental protection.In view of this, the present inventor's research and design
Thus a kind of method that enzyme process auxiliary brightens the thick glue of carragheen, this case produce.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of method that enzyme process auxiliary carragheen decolourizes, is decolourized with biology enzyme auxiliary carragheen, delayed
Influence of the chemical decolorization method to carragheen quality and environment is solved, is advantageous to the industrialization production of carragheen, mitigates environmental pressure.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A kind of method that enzyme process auxiliary carragheen decolourizes, comprises the following steps:
(1)Raw material cleans:Dry Eucheuma is taken, 25 ~ 50 times of weight water cleanings is added, removes impurity;
(2)Alkali process:Clean Eucheuma, add 8 ~ 12%(M / V)Alkali lye, feed liquid mass volume ratio be 1:25 ~ 1:
50g/mL, constant temperature soaks 3 ~ 6h at 55 ~ 70 DEG C, filters off alkali lye, is soaked, rinsed to neutrality with clear water;
(3)Ferment treatment:With feed liquid mass volume ratio 1:25 ~ 1:50g/mL adds water, then with salt acid for adjusting pH value 4.5 ~
6.5, then 40 ~ 60 DEG C of temperature adds complex enzyme, and complex enzyme each component concentration is 0.01 ~ 0.2 %, and constant temperature hydrolysis 1 ~
3h, filtering, is rinsed to neutrality;
(4)Remove metal ion:With feed liquid mass volume ratio 1:25 ~ 1:50g/mL adds water, then adds metal-chelator second two
Amine tetraacethyl disodium, concentration 0.01 ~ 0.02%(M / V), the h of processing time 1 ~ 2, filtering, clear water is washed till neutrality;
(5)Chemical bleaching:Soak, feed liquid mass volume ratio 1:25 ~ 1:50g/mL, liquor natrii hypochloritis is added, added
Dosage and raw material weight ratio are 1:15 ~1:30g/mL, processing time are 2 ~ 4 h, filtering, are rinsed to neutrality;
(6)Finished product:By step(5)The moisture of Eucheuma drain, be placed in pallet and dry, then further dried in baking oven
It is dry, crush, collect powder.
Step(2)In, alkali lye is the combination solution of sodium hydroxide and potassium chloride, and concentration is respectively 10 ~ 11 %(M / V)
With 11 ~ 12 %(M / V), solid-liquid ratio 1:30,63 ~ 65 DEG C for the treatment of temperature, the h of processing time 4 ~ 5.
Step(3)In, complex enzyme is cellulase, neutral proteinase, hemicellulase, one kind in zytase or one
Compounded more than kind with laccase.
Step(3)In, solid-liquid ratio 1:28, compound enzyme concentration is 0.1 ~ 0.2 %(M / V), pH value 5.0 ± 0.1,48
~ 50 DEG C, the h of processing time 2.
Described complex enzyme compound proportion is:Laccase:Other enzyme=1:1 ~ 2:1;
Step(2)In, laccase bleaching is Laccase/Mediator system, and amboceptor used is natural classification amboceptor or artificial synthesized
A kind of in amboceptor ABTS, NHA, VIO, HBT
Step(4)In, the concentration of metal-chelator disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is 0.015 %(M / V), processing time is 2 h.
Step(5)In, liquor natrii hypochloritis's addition and raw material weight ratio are 1:20, processing time is 3 h.Hypochlorous acid
Sodium solution effective percentage concentration 8-10wt.%.
Step(6)In, the drying of Eucheuma is sunlight according to solarization.
As the preferred embodiment of embodiment, in above-mentioned steps one, the g of Eucheuma 30, add the ml soaking and washings of water 900;
As the preferred embodiment of embodiment, in above-mentioned steps two, alkali lye is that the compounding of 10 % sodium hydroxides and 12 % potassium chloride is molten
Liquid, the ml of volume 900, constant temperature handles 4 h at 63 DEG C;
As the preferred embodiment of embodiment, in above-mentioned steps three, add the ml of water 850, the % of laccase concentration 0.2, ratio is compounded with other enzymes
Example is 2:1, handle pH 5.0,50 DEG C of temperature, the h of time 2;
As the preferred embodiment of embodiment, in above-mentioned steps four, add the ml of water 850, metal-chelator disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate
Concentration is 0.015 %, and processing time is 2 h;
As the preferred embodiment of embodiment, in above-mentioned steps five, add the ml of water 850, the ml of sodium hypochlorite 1.5, the h of processing time 3;
As the preferred embodiment of embodiment, in above-mentioned steps six, carragheen crosses 80 mesh sieves after crushed, collects powder.
After such scheme, compared with existing carragheen decoloration process, the invention has the advantages that:
1st, decolorization is carried out to carragheen using biology enzyme accompanying chemical agent, mild condition, alleviates chemical reagent to card
The destruction of plastic structure and gel strength is drawn, improves the recovery rate and quality of finished of carragheen.
2nd, biological enzyme source is wide, and cost is low, is a kind of environmentally friendly supplementary material, and enzyme process aided bleaching solves chemistry
Pollution and byproduct residue problem of the decoloring method to environment, be advantageous to the clean manufacturing of carragheen, reduce enterprise's production cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Raw material cleans:The dry Eucheumas of 30 g are taken, 900ml water is added and is cleaned, remove impurity;
Alkali process:Pretreated Eucheuma, 10 % sodium hydroxides and 12 % potassium chloride combination solution 900ml are added, are placed in 63
Constant temperature processing 4h in DEG C water-bath.Alkali lye is filtered off, is rinsed with clear water to neutrality;
Remove metal ion:Add the ml of water 800, and add the metal-chelator disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate processing 2 that concentration is 0.015%
H, then rinsed with clear water to neutrality;
Bleaching:Add the ml of water 800, add 1.5 ml liquor natrii hypochloritises, processing time is 3 h, filtering, is rinsed to neutrality;
Finished product:Moisture is drained, is placed in pallet, is dried under sunshine, is dried after further drying 1 h in baking oven, so
After crush, cross 80 mesh sieves, collect powder.
The thick rubber powder of carragheen obtained by the present embodiment, the % of whiteness 42.5, the g/ ㎝ of gel strength 5222, carragheen recovery rate is
47.2 %, residual quantity of heavy metal is up to standard, and quality is good.
Embodiment 2
Raw material cleans:The dry Eucheumas of 30 g are taken, 900ml water is added and is cleaned, remove impurity;
Alkali process:Pretreated Eucheuma, 10 % sodium hydroxides and 12 % potassium chloride combination solution 900ml are added, are placed in 63
Constant temperature processing 4h in DEG C water-bath.Alkali lye is filtered off, is rinsed with clear water to neutrality;
Ferment treatment:Add the ml of water 800, adjustment system pH is 5.0,50 DEG C of temperature, add the % laccases of concentration 0.1 and 0.05 % its
His complex enzyme, constant temperature hydrolysis 2h.Enzyme liquid is filtered off, is rinsed with clear water to neutrality.Complex enzyme is that cellulase compounds with laccase.It is described
Complex enzyme compound proportion be:Laccase:Cellulase=1:1;
Remove metal ion:Add water 800ml, and add the metal-chelator disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate processing 2 that concentration is 0.015%
H, then rinsed with clear water;
Chemical bleaching processing:Add the ml of water 800, add 1 .0 ml liquor natrii hypochloritises, processing time is 3 h, and filtering, rinsing is extremely
It is neutral;
Finished product:Moisture is drained, is placed in pallet, is dried under sunshine, is dried after further drying 1 h in baking oven, so
After crush, cross 80 mesh sieves, collect powder.
The thick rubber powder of carragheen obtained by the present embodiment, the % of whiteness 47.6, the g/ ㎝ of gel strength 6872, carragheen recovery rate is
53.3 %, residual quantity of heavy metal is up to standard, and quality is good.
Embodiment 3
Raw material cleans:The dry Eucheumas of 30 g are taken, 900ml water is added and is cleaned, remove impurity;
Alkali process:Pretreated Eucheuma, 10 % sodium hydroxides and 12 % potassium chloride combination solution 900ml are added, are placed in 63
Constant temperature processing 4h in DEG C water-bath.Alkali lye is filtered off, is rinsed with clear water to neutrality;
Ferment treatment:Add the ml of water 800, adjustment system pH is 5.0,50 DEG C of temperature, add the % laccases of concentration 0.1 and 0.1 % its
His complex enzyme, constant temperature hydrolysis 2h.Enzyme liquid is filtered off, is rinsed with clear water to neutrality.Complex enzyme is that neutral proteinase compounds with laccase.
Described complex enzyme compound proportion is:Laccase:Neutral proteinase=1:1;
Remove metal ion:Add water 800ml, and add the metal-chelator disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate processing 2 that concentration is 0.015%
H, then rinsed with clear water;
Chemical bleaching processing:Add the ml of water 800, add 0.5 ml liquor natrii hypochloritises, processing time is 3 h, and filtering, rinsing is extremely
It is neutral;
Finished product:Moisture is drained, is placed in pallet, is dried under sunshine, through further drying 1 h in baking oven, is then crushed,
80 mesh sieves are crossed, collect powder.
The thick rubber powder of carragheen obtained by the present embodiment, the % of whiteness 45.8, the g/ ㎝ of gel strength 6772, carragheen recovery rate is
57.9 %, residual quantity of heavy metal is up to standard, and quality is good.
Embodiment 4
Raw material cleans:The dry Eucheumas of 30 g are taken, 900ml water is added and is cleaned, remove impurity;
Alkali process:Pretreated Eucheuma, 10 % sodium hydroxides and 12 % potassium chloride combination solution 900ml are added, are placed in 63
Constant temperature processing 4h in DEG C water-bath.Alkali lye is filtered off, is rinsed with clear water to neutrality;
Ferment treatment:Add the ml of water 800, adjustment system pH is 5.0,50 DEG C of temperature, add the % laccases of concentration 0.2 and 0.1 % its
His complex enzyme, constant temperature hydrolysis 2h.Enzyme liquid is filtered off, is rinsed with clear water to neutrality.Complex enzyme is that hemicellulase compounds with laccase.
Described complex enzyme compound proportion is:Laccase:Hemicellulase=2:1;
Remove metal ion:Add water 800ml, and add the metal-chelator disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate processing 2 that concentration is 0.015 %
H, then rinsed with clear water;
Chemical bleaching processing:Add the ml of water 800, add 0.5 ml liquor natrii hypochloritises, processing time is 3 h, and filtering, rinsing is extremely
It is neutral;
Finished product:Moisture is drained, is placed in pallet, is dried under sunshine, through further drying 1 h in baking oven, is then crushed,
80 mesh sieves are crossed, collect powder.
The thick rubber powder of carragheen obtained by the present embodiment, the % of whiteness 48.5, the g/ ㎝ of gel strength 6802, carragheen recovery rate is
57.0 %, residual quantity of heavy metal is up to standard, and quality is good.
Embodiment 5
Raw material cleans:The dry Eucheumas of 5 kg are taken, 150 L water is added and is cleaned, remove impurity;
Alkali process:Pretreated Eucheuma, 10 % sodium hydroxides and the L of 12 % potassium chloride combination solution 130 are added, in 63 DEG C
Constant temperature handles 4h.Alkali lye is filtered off, is rinsed with clear water to neutrality;
Ferment treatment:Add the L of water 130, adjustment system pH is 5.0 or so, 50 DEG C of temperature, adds the % laccases of concentration 0.2 and 0.1 %
Other complex enzymes, constant temperature hydrolyze 2 h.Enzyme liquid is filtered off, is rinsed with clear water to neutrality.Complex enzyme zytase compounds with laccase.
Described complex enzyme compound proportion is:Laccase:Zytase=2:1;
Remove metal ion:Add the L of water 130, and add the metal-chelator disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate processing 2 that concentration is 0.015%
H, then rinsed with clear water;
Chemical bleaching processing:Add the L of water 130, add 80 ml liquor natrii hypochloritises, processing time is 3 h, filtering, is rinsed into
Property;
Finished product:Moisture is drained, is placed under sunshine and dries, through further drying 1 h in baking oven, then crushes, crosses 80 mesh sieves,
Collect powder.
The thick rubber powder of carragheen obtained by the present embodiment, the % of whiteness 48.0, the g/ ㎝ of gel strength 6582, carragheen recovery rate is
59.3 %, residual quantity of heavy metal is up to standard, and quality is good.
Embodiment 6
(1)Raw material cleans:Dry Eucheuma is taken, 50 times of water cleanings is added, removes impurity;
(2)Alkali process:Clean Eucheuma, add 8 ~ 12%(M / V)Alkali lye, feed liquid mass volume ratio be 1:50g/mL,
Constant temperature soaks 6h at 70 DEG C, filters off alkali lye, is soaked, rinsed to neutrality with clear water;Alkali lye is answering for sodium hydroxide and potassium chloride
With solution, concentration is respectively 10 %(M / V)With 11 %(M / V);
(3)Ferment treatment:With feed liquid mass volume ratio 1:50g/mL adds water, then with salt acid for adjusting pH value 6.5, temperature 60 C, so
After add complex enzyme, complex enzyme each component concentration is 0.2 %, constant temperature hydrolysis 3h, filtering, is rinsed to neutrality;
Complex enzyme is that cellulase, neutral proteinase and laccase compound.Described complex enzyme compound proportion is:Laccase:Cellulose
Enzyme:Neutral proteinase=1:1:1;
(4)Remove metal ion:With feed liquid mass volume ratio 1:50g/mL adds water, then adds metal-chelator ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid
Disodium, concentration 0.02%(M / V), the h of processing time 2, filtering, clear water is washed till neutrality;
(5)Chemical bleaching:Soak, feed liquid mass volume ratio 1:50g/mL, add liquor natrii hypochloritis, addition and raw material
Part by weight is 1:30g/mL, processing time are 4 h, filtering, are rinsed to neutrality;
(6)Finished product:By step(5)The moisture of Eucheuma drain, be placed in pallet and dry, then further dried in baking oven
It is dry, crush, collect powder.
Embodiment 7
(1)Raw material cleans:Dry Eucheuma is taken, 25 times of water cleanings is added, removes impurity;
(2)Alkali process:Clean Eucheuma, add 8 ~ 12%(M / V)Alkali lye, feed liquid mass volume ratio be 1:25 g/
ML, constant temperature soaks 3 h at 55 DEG C, filters off alkali lye, is soaked, rinsed to neutrality with clear water;
(3)Ferment treatment:With feed liquid mass volume ratio 1:25 g/mL add water, then with salt acid for adjusting pH value 4.5,40 DEG C of temperature, so
After add complex enzyme, complex enzyme each component concentration is 0.01%, and constant temperature hydrolyzes 1 h, filtering, rinses to neutrality;Complex enzyme is poly- for wood
Carbohydrase compounds with laccase.Described complex enzyme compound proportion is:Laccase:Zytase=1:1;
(4)Remove metal ion:With feed liquid mass volume ratio 1:25 g/mL add water, then add metal-chelator ethylenediamine tetrem
Acid disodium, the % of concentration 0.01(M / V), processing time 1h, filtering, clear water is washed till neutrality;
(5)Chemical bleaching:Soak, feed liquid mass volume ratio 1:25 g/mL, add liquor natrii hypochloritis, addition and original
It is 1 to expect part by weight:15 g/mL, processing time are 2 h, filtering, are rinsed to neutrality;
(6)Finished product:By step(5)The moisture of Eucheuma drain, be placed in pallet and dry, then further dried in baking oven
It is dry, crush, collect powder.
Main character parameter such as table 1 below:
The embodiment product property parameter list of table 1
Note:With in column data, different lowercase shoulder marks represent significant difference(P < 0.05)
As shown in Table 1, carragheen, gained sample are brightened using enzyme process auxiliary(Embodiment 2-5)Whiteness compare unused ferment treatment
Control, its whiteness is significantly increased.
The present invention carries out decolorization, technique is simple, mild condition using cleaning, free of contamination biology enzyme to carragheen.
In addition, decolorization is carried out to carragheen using enzyme, and it is green, reduce pollution and accessory substance of the chemical decolorization method to environment
Residue problem, it is significant to the industrialization production of carragheen.
All deformations that one of ordinary skill in the art directly can export or associate from the disclosure of invention, all should
It is considered protection scope of the present invention.