CN107857758A - 一种酰胺类化合物及其作为hsp90抑制剂和抗肿瘤药物的应用 - Google Patents
一种酰胺类化合物及其作为hsp90抑制剂和抗肿瘤药物的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种式Ⅰ所示的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,R1选自H或CH3,R2选自CH3或CF3,R3选自Ph或Bn。并进一步公开了所述式Ⅰ的合成路线及各步骤的合成方法。本发明酰胺类化合物为HSP90抑制剂,对人肿瘤细胞具有抑制活性,可以作为抗肿瘤药物进行更加深入的研发。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学药物合成及药理活性领域,涉及一种酰胺类化合物及其作为HSP90抑制剂和抗肿瘤药物的应用。
背景技术
热休克蛋白(heat shock proteins,HSPs)是机体在应激(病毒感染、缺氧、紫外线照射等)状态下合成的一组蛋白质分子,故又称为应激蛋白。HSPs最初于1962年由遗传学家Ritossa发现,它是一类在生物进化过程中高度保守并广泛存在于原核及真核生物中的蛋白质。热休克蛋白既是细胞应激反应的生物标志物,也是细胞内重要的分子伴侣蛋白。HSPs在机体内主要功能是参与维持其客户蛋白的正确折叠,使得蛋白能够形成生理功能所需构象,从而在调节蛋白合成与降解的平衡及蛋白定位中发挥重要作用。
根据同源程度及分子量大小,热休克蛋白主要分为5个家族:HSP90家族(83~90kD)、HSP70家族(66~78kD)、HSP60家族,小分子HSP家族(15~30kD),此外还有分子量在100~110kD的大分子HSPs。它们在细胞中具有不同的定位,因而行使不同的细胞功能。其中HSP90家族是当前研究的热点,获得了广泛的关注。
据研究,肿瘤细胞中HSP90主要处于活化状态,反之在正常细胞中主要处于静止状态。在活化状态时,HSP90与底物或客户蛋白及辅分子伴侣等形成复合物,保护底物或客户蛋白不能被蛋白酶降解。HSP90能发挥的作用是依赖ATP的,ATP/ADP结合位点承载着构想转换作用,调节HSP90参与影响的分子伴侣复合物的形成及装配。有研究表明,HSP90与许多原癌基因形成复合体,如原癌基因pp60v-src、p53、慢性髓性白血病细胞系k562中p210bcr/abl及p23等,表明HSP90对肿瘤的生存有着重要的影响作用,它在癌基因通路中扮演者重要角色。
众所周知,肿瘤细胞最重要的特点是对生长信号的上调和对凋亡的逃避。HSP90对肿瘤细胞生长调节信号功能的稳定性具有重要影响。而HSP90抑制剂干扰复杂的致癌基因通路,与选择性的抑癌基因通路相比具有更明显的优势。然而受现有技术的限制,现有HSP90抑制剂还存在诸多不足,困难面前同样散发出更多希望和挑战。随着科学水平的进一步发展,结构更加完善的HSP90抑制剂的发现将会更加有效地抑制肿瘤细胞的发生和发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种式Ⅰ所示的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中,R1选自H或CH3,R2选自CH3或CF3,R3选自Ph或Bn。
表1 本发明化合物式Ⅰ的结构及其对应的编号
编号 | 结构 | 编号 | 结构 |
Ⅰ-1 | Ⅰ-5 | ||
Ⅰ-2 | Ⅰ-6 | ||
Ⅰ-3 | Ⅰ-7 | ||
Ⅰ-4 | Ⅰ-8 |
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种式Ⅰ的合成路线:
进一步地,所述合成路线中各步骤合成方法为:
1)在冰乙酸中,5-胺基呋喃-2-羧酸和带有取代基的环形酸酐化合物进行酸酐的氨解反应,生成取代的呋喃羧酸化合物,反应完成后用二氯甲烷等有机溶剂萃取,再用水相洗涤有机相,干燥后蒸干溶剂,用丙酮和乙醇重结晶得到纯品;
2)在氮气保护下,用氯化亚砜将羧酸衍生物低温下氯化生成酰氯化合物;
3)用取代的伯胺化合物和酰氯在乙腈中低温下反应,蒸干溶剂后用有机溶剂萃取,水洗后干燥,蒸干溶剂后快速色谱柱分离,得到取代的酰胺化合物。
进一步地,所述步骤1)中反应完成后可以选用的萃取试剂包括乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷等,优选二氯甲烷;洗涤用的无机盐水溶液选自饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和饱和氯化钠溶液。
进一步地,所述步骤1)中重结晶时丙酮和乙醇的比例为1:1至1:4,优选1:3。
进一步地,所述步骤2)中所述的的反应条件为0-10℃,反应前半小时温度不超过10℃,优选不超过5℃。
进一步地,所述步骤3)中萃取用的有机溶剂包括但不限于乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷、石油醚、甲基叔丁基醚等,优选乙酸乙酯和二氯甲烷。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种式Ⅰ的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐作为HSP90抑制剂在预防和/或治疗疾病中的应用。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种式Ⅰ的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在预防和/或治疗癌症中的应用。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其他多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
具体实施方式
实施例1:N-苯基-5-(3-甲基-2,5-二氧-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺的合成
合成路线如下:
步骤1):5-(3-甲基-2,5-二氧-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酸的合成
在盛有25 ml冰乙酸的反应容器中加入5-胺基呋喃-2-羧酸 (10 mmol),再加入3-甲基呋喃基-2,5-二酮(11 mmol),混合回流过夜,然后冷却至<50℃,在真空中转移溶剂,残余物在二氯甲烷(50 ml)中溶解,得到的溶液用水(50 ml×2),饱和NaHCO3水溶液(50 ml×2)和饱和食盐水(50 ml×2)洗涤,并用无水硫酸钠干燥。在真空中蒸发溶剂,残余物用15 ml丙酮溶解,再滴加30 ml乙醇析晶,过滤,50℃真空干燥,得到1.9克类白色5-(3-甲基-2,5-二氧-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酸固体,产率86%。1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ:2.32(s, 3H), 6.50(s, 1H), 6.96(d, 1H), 7.28(d, 1H).LC-MS(ESI, pos, ion) m/z:222[M+1]。
步骤2):5-(3-甲基-2,5-二氧-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰氯的合成
在氮气保护下,将氯化亚砜(15 mmol)和5-(3-甲基-2,5-二氧-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酸(10 mmol)在冰水浴5℃以下条件下溶于四氢呋喃中,反应半小时,后恢复室温搅拌20小时,减压蒸干溶剂,石油醚打浆得到1.8 g黄色5-(3-甲基-2,5-二氧-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰氯粉末,产率75%。1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 2.35(s,3H), 6.50(s, 1H), 7.14(d,1H), 7.42(d, 1H).LC-MS(ESI, pos, ion) m/z: 240[M+1]。
步骤3):N-苯基-5-(3-甲基-2,5-二氧-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺的合成
将5-(3-甲基-2,5-二氧-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰氯(10 mmol)溶于乙腈,0-5℃条件下,将苯胺(12mmol)的乙腈溶液滴加入上述体系中,滴加过程中内部温度不高于10℃,滴加完毕后,室温搅拌过夜,然后蒸干溶剂。用二氯甲烷(100ml)溶解残余物,用水(100ml X 2)洗涤有机相,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,蒸干溶剂后,快速柱色谱分离,得2.8g 类白色2-(5-氯甲基呋喃基)-4-(2-甲基-7H-(2,3-d)吡咯并嘧啶基)-甲酮固体,产率95%。1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 1.87(s, 3H), 6.93(m, 1H), 7.07-7.44(m, 5H),7.70(m, 2H), 8.95(s, 1H).13C-NMR(75 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 11.57, 97.51, 116.77,122.38, 124.28, 125.28, 128.7, 136.62, 140.62, 142.65, 146.62, 161.81,166.51, 172.16.LC-MS(ESI, pos, ion) m/z: 297[M+1]。
实施例2:N-苄基-5-(2,5-二氧-3-三氟甲基-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺的合成
步骤1):5-(2,5-二氧-3-三氟甲基-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酸的合成
在盛有25 ml冰乙酸的反应容器中加入5-胺基呋喃-2-羧酸 (10 mmol),再加入3-三氟甲基呋喃基-2,5-二酮(11 mmol),混合回流过夜,然后冷却至<50℃,在真空中转移溶剂,残余物在二氯甲烷(50 ml)中溶解,得到的溶液用水(50 ml×2),饱和NaHCO3水溶液(50 ml×2)和饱和食盐水(50 ml×2)洗涤,并用无水硫酸钠干燥。在真空中蒸发溶剂,残余物用15ml丙酮溶解,再滴加30 ml乙醇析晶,过滤,50℃真空干燥,得到2.2克类白色5-(2,5-二氧-3-三氟甲基-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酸固体,产率80%。1H-NMR (400 MHz,CDCl3) δ: 7.33(d, 1H), 7.48(d, 1H), 7.75(s, 1H), 13.15(br, 1H).LC-MS(ESI,pos, ion) m/z: 276[M+1]。
步骤2):5-(2,5-二氧-3-三氟甲基-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰氯的合成
在氮气保护下,将氯化亚砜(15 mmol)和5-(2,5-二氧-3-三氟甲基-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酸(10 mmol)在冰水浴5℃以下条件下溶于四氢呋喃中,反应半小时,后恢复室温搅拌20小时,减压蒸干溶剂,石油醚打浆得到1.8 g黄色5-(2,5-二氧-3-三氟甲基-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰氯粉末,产率75%。1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ:7.39(d, 1H), 7.74-7.75(m, 2H).LC-MS(ESI, pos, ion) m/z: 294[M+1]。
步骤3):N-苄基-5-(2,5-二氧-3-三氟甲基-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺的合成
将5-(2,5-二氧-3-三氟甲基-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰氯 (10 mmol)溶于乙腈,0-5℃条件下,将卞胺(12mmol)的乙腈溶液滴加入上述体系中,滴加过程中内部温度不高于10℃,滴加完毕后,室温搅拌过夜,然后蒸干溶剂。用二氯甲烷(100ml)溶解残余物,用水(100ml X 2)洗涤有机相,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,蒸干溶剂后,快速柱色谱分离,得3.2 g 类白色N-苄基-5-(2,5-二氧-3-三氟甲基-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺固体,产率88%。1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 4.11(s, 2H), 6.93(s, 1H), 7.20-7.31(m, 6H), 7.44(d, 1H), 7.74(s, 1H).13C-NMR(75 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 44.41, 97.51,116.97, 118.69, 127.35, 127.83, 128.34, 133.17, 134.15, 139.91, 140.62,144.73, 162.74, 169.73, 172.82.LC-MS(ESI, pos, ion) m/z: 365[M+1]。
试验例1:化合物酶水平活性测定
构建人HSP90-α抑制剂的筛选平台,应用荧光偏振(FP)的方法,基于的原理是通过检测荧光素标记的小分子与其他分子相互作用前后分子量的变化,计算水平方向及垂直方向的荧光偏振值作相关分析。如果被荧光标记小分子与大分子之间的结合平衡建立后,它受激发时运动慢,测得的荧光偏振光值会增高。如果荧光标记小分子与大分子之间的结合被其他配基取代,它在游离状态下的旋转或翻转速度会变快,发射光相对于激发光平。
本发明中所应用的荧光标记小分子是GM-BODIPY(参考BMCL,2003,13,3975-3978所述的合成方法合成)。反应在384孔黑板中进行,所用的反应疏水蛋白HFB缓冲液:50mMKCl,5mM MgCl2,20mM Na2MoO4,0.01% NP40,0.1mg/ml BGG,2mM DTT,pH7.3。反应体系体积50mL,其中包含5nM GM-BODIPY(格尔德霉素),30nM HSP90和被测化合物或DMSO,DMSO的含量是2‰。另做两组只加有HFB缓冲液的孔作为空白对照和5nM GM-BODIPY 作为阴性对照。4℃下反应12-16小时,在Biotek酶标仪下检测,激发波长为485nm,发射波长为530nm,测得mP值。应用如下公式计算抑制率:
(不加化合物mP-加化合物mP)/(不加化合物mP-阴性对照mP)*100%
计算出不同浓度的化合物的抑制率后,计算该化合物的IC50,化合物的IC50值见表2:本发明化合物式Ⅰ对人HSP90-α的IC50
化合物 | IC50(μM) | 化合物 | IC50(μM) |
Ⅰ-1 | 0.211 | Ⅰ-5 | 0.531 |
Ⅰ-2 | 0.164 | Ⅰ-6 | 0.637 |
Ⅰ-3 | 0.036 | Ⅰ-7 | 0.094 |
Ⅰ-4 | 0.028 | Ⅰ-8 | 0.083 |
试验例2:MTT法测定本发明化合物对不同肿瘤细胞的抑制作用
一、细胞株
人肺癌细胞A549,人肝癌细胞Bel-7402,人大细胞肺癌细胞NCI-H460,人胃腺癌细胞BGC-823,人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7。
二、实验步骤:
1.取对数生长期的细胞,胰蛋白酶消化,RPMI 1640细胞培养液调细胞悬液浓度为6×104个/mL。在96孔培养板中每孔加细胞悬液100μL,置37℃,5% CO2培养箱中培养24h,细胞贴壁。
2.待测药物组:移走RPMI 1640细胞培养液,加入浓度梯度的待测药物的RPMI1640细胞培养液100μL,每个浓度设6个平行孔。将加药后的96孔板置于37℃,5% CO2培养箱中培养48h,倒置显微镜下观察药物的作用效果。
对照组:与待测药物组相比,加入浓度梯度的待测药物改为加入不含药物的RPMI1640细胞培养液,其他步骤均相同。
空白组:与对照组相比,不加细胞,其他步骤均相同。
3.96孔板离心后弃去培养液,小心用PBS冲2~3遍后,再加入含0.5% MTT的RPMI1640细胞培养液100μL,继续培养4h。
4.移走上清,每孔加入150μL二甲基亚砜,置摇床上低速振荡10min,使formazan结晶充分溶解。
5.在酶联免疫检测仪490nm处测量各孔的光密度(OD值)。
6.平行孔OD值以mean±SD表示,计算抑制率公式:[(OD对照组-OD空白组)-(OD待测药物组-OD空白组)]/(OD对照组-OD空白组)*100%。
7.采用GraphPad Prism 5数据处理软件,通过绘制量效曲线计算半数抑制浓度(IC50)。
三、实验结果
表1 本发明化合物对不同人肿瘤细胞IC50值
由上述试验例可知,本发明酰胺类化合物具有明显的抑制HSP90的活性。HSP90是细胞内最活跃的分子伴侣蛋白之一,在肿瘤的发生和演进中发挥重要的作用,本发明酰胺类化合物对不同的人肿瘤细胞均有很好的抑制活性,可以作为具有研发前景的抗肿瘤新药进行更加深入的研发,来补充现有的抗肿瘤药物市场。
Claims (9)
1.一种式Ⅰ所示的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中,R1选自H或CH3,R2选自CH3或CF3,R3选自Ph或Bn。
2.如权利要求1所述的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其合成路线为:
。
3.如权利要求2所述的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,所述合成路线中各步骤合成方法为:
1)在冰乙酸中,5-胺基呋喃-2-羧酸和带有取代基的环形酸酐化合物进行酸酐的氨解反应,生成取代的呋喃羧酸化合物,反应完成后用二氯甲烷等有机溶剂萃取,再用水相洗涤有机相,干燥后蒸干溶剂,用丙酮和乙醇重结晶得到纯品;
2)在氮气保护下,用氯化亚砜将羧酸衍生物低温下氯化生成酰氯化合物;
3)用取代的伯胺化合物和酰氯在乙腈中低温下反应,蒸干溶剂后用有机溶剂萃取,水洗后干燥,蒸干溶剂后快速色谱柱分离,得到取代的酰胺化合物。
4.如权利要求3所述的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,所述步骤1)中反应完成后可以选用的萃取试剂包括乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷等,优选二氯甲烷。
5.如权利要求3所述的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,所述步骤1)中重结晶时丙酮和乙醇的比例为1:1至1:4,优选1:3。
6.如权利要求3所述的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,所述步骤2)中所述的的反应条件为0-10℃,反应前半小时温度不超过10℃,优选不超过5℃。
7.如权利要求3所述的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,所述步骤3)中萃取用的有机溶剂包括但不限于乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷、石油醚、甲基叔丁基醚等,优选乙酸乙酯和二氯甲烷。
8.如权利要求1所述的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐作为HSP90抑制剂在预防和/或治疗疾病中的应用。
9.如权利要求1所述的酰胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在预防和/或治疗癌症中的应用。
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CN101006052A (zh) * | 2004-07-30 | 2007-07-25 | 埃克塞利希斯股份有限公司 | 作为药用制剂的吡咯衍生物 |
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