CN107854578B - 一种治疗烧伤烫伤的壮医外洗药液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗烧伤烫伤的壮医外洗药液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗烧伤烫伤的壮医外洗药液,主要以黄芩、筋骨草、红天葵、大丁草、虎杖、广豆根、珈蓝菜、喉咙草、射干、黄连、芭蕉叶、地白草和冰片为原料。本发明外洗药液清热解毒、敛创生肌,主治水火烫伤、热毒炽盛证,对烧伤烫伤具有显著的疗效,大大减轻烧伤烫伤患者的痛苦,并具有用药无痛苦、愈合速度快、愈后不留疤痕的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药制剂,特别是涉及具有治疗烧伤烫伤的壮医外洗药液及其制备方法。
背景技术
烧烫伤是生活中常见的意外伤害,原因有沸液烫伤、蒸汽烫伤、明火炭火烧伤、液化气烧伤、汽油柴油烧伤、金属接触烫伤、电弧灼伤、石灰水烫伤等多种。对某些烧烫伤,如果处理及时,就不会导致不良的后果。烧烫伤按深度,一般分为三度:1.一度烧烫伤:只伤及表皮层,受伤的皮肤发红、肿胀,觉得火辣辣地痛,但无水泡出现。2.二度烧烫伤:伤及真皮层,局部红肿、发热,疼痛难忍,有明显水泡。3.三度烧烫伤:全层皮肤包括皮肤下面的脂肪、骨和肌肉都受到伤害,皮肤焦黑、坏死,神经受到损坏。烧伤治疗中存在创面疼痛、体肌坏死、易感染、瘢痕愈合四个方面的难题。
治疗烧伤烫伤中西医都有其治疗方案:西医主要以:1、镇痛药物:吗啡类药物、麻醉药物、中枢镇静药;2、抗菌药物:磺胺嘧啶银、硝酸银;3、抗生素药物。西药的治疗效果明显,应用于危重病人疗效快速,但副作用也很多,主要是容易产生药物依赖,白细胞减少,产生抗药性等。中医烫伤烧伤药分为外用和内用:内服药以清热解毒,透热降温的汤剂为主,应用于小面积,程度轻的烫伤;外用药有多种形式,主要以油剂、膏剂、糊剂、凝胶剂、粉沫(散)剂为主。主要功能是:祛腐排脓、修复组织、生肌敛口、增强免疫、清热解毒、活血祛瘀、消肿止痛。中医优点是创面愈合时间和瘢痕发生率较西医低,副作用小,缺点是药物起效较慢。
经检索,我们查到关于治疗烧伤烫伤的中药外用产品的相关文献如下:
1. 一种治疗烧伤的药膏及制作方法,申请号:CN201410106597.8;申请人:杨孝良;摘要:一种治疗烧伤的药膏及制作方法,由下述中药原料制成:红天葵、大黄、芭蕉叶、烧伤藤、草胡椒、叶天天花、水田七、防风、白术、马勃、地榆、血竭、柏树叶、刺黄连、杜丹皮、儿茶、冰片;所述中药原料包括以下重量份数配比:红天葵3克、大黄6克、芭蕉叶6克、烧伤藤18克、草胡椒3克、叶天天花6克、水田七12克、防风12克、白术12克、马勃6克、地榆3克、血竭18克、柏树叶3克、刺黄连6克、杜丹皮3克、儿茶6克、冰片18克;本发明的治疗烧伤的药膏制备技术简单、成本低、疗效好、疗程短,抗感染效果好、透皮吸收快,治疗过程中不易发生交叉感染,减轻了患者的经济和精神负担等问题。
2. 一种治疗烧伤的药物敷料及其制备方法;申请号:CN200810049501.3;申请人:喻永强;摘要:一种治疗烧伤的药物敷料及其制备方法,该药物敷料包括按重量份计的下述原料药:紫草、地榆、土黄连、炮甲、乌梅、五倍子、虎杖、黄连、黄柏、白芷、白芨、冰片、血余炭、凡士林各0.6~1.5份,血竭1.5~2.5份;该药物敷料还包括按重量份计的植物油20~60份;该方法包括以下步骤:将炮甲、冰片、血余炭、血竭四味原料药研末得四味药末;将其余原料药与植物油一同放入油锅中,加热,将其余原料药文火炸至焦黄色,捞出药渣,得到药油;待药油冷却并加入四味药末,搅拌均匀即得。该敷料可为创面创造一个湿润、无菌的局部环境,具有防感染效果好和创面愈合快的显著优点,其适于战地救护、基层医院和家庭。
以上治疗烧伤烫伤的外用中药有几味中药与本发明相同,但大部分成分与本发明不同,因此在治疗效果、用药的方法上也会有不同。
发明内容
本发明的目的是向市场提供一种不同于现有配方的治疗烧伤烫伤的壮医外洗药液,本发明由传统壮族医药药方为基础,加入现代医学的理念进行改良、提纯制作成外用制剂,具有良好的治疗烧伤烫伤的功效。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案是:
治疗烧伤烫伤的壮医外洗药液,由下述重量份数的原料制成的:黄芩3-5份、筋骨草3-5份、红天葵3-5份、大丁草2-3份、虎杖2-3份、广豆根2-3份、珈蓝菜2-3份、喉咙草2-3份、射干2-3份、黄连2-3份、芭蕉叶2-3份、地白草2-3份和冰片1-2份。
其制备方法包括如下:称取上述重量份数的黄芩、筋骨草、红天葵、大丁草、虎杖、广豆根、珈蓝菜、喉咙草、射干、黄连、芭蕉叶和地白草原料,分别拣去杂质和粉尘后,打成碎粒,放入纯净水中浸泡0.5-1小时,再将浸泡好的药物和浸泡药物的澄清液一并放入砂锅内,加入重量份80-100份的纯净水,煎至浓缩成50%的外洗药浓缩液,过滤药渣冷却后,再加入粉碎成末的冰片混合冲调,加入防腐剂后分瓶灌装,即得成品外洗药液。
本发明是基于中国西南地区广西地区的壮族民间的配方改良而成,医学研究上表明本发明所选用的中草药组分具有如下功效:
以上所述的黄芩,是唇形科黄芩属多年生草本植物Scutellaria baicalensisGeorgi的干燥根,【别名】山茶根、土金茶根,【性味归经】味苦,性寒,归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经,【功能主治】清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎,主治湿温、暑湿,胸闷呕恶,湿热痞满,泻痢,黄疸,肺热咳嗽,高热烦渴,血热吐衄,痈肿疮毒,胎动不安。具有抗氧化,清除自由基,抗炎,并对身体免疫、心脑血管、消化、神经系统均有保护作用,其所含黄岑苷还有保护内皮细胞的作用。
以上所述的筋骨草, 唇形科筋骨草属植物筋骨草Ajuga decumbensThunb.,以全草入药,【别名】:白毛夏枯草、散血草、金疮小草、青鱼胆草、苦草、苦地胆,【性味归经】:苦,寒,归肺经,【功能主治】:清热解毒,消肿止痛,凉血平肝。上呼吸道感染,扁桃体炎,咽炎,支气管炎,肺炎,肺脓疡,胃肠炎,肝炎,阑尾炎,乳腺炎,急性结膜炎,高血压,外用治跌打损伤,痈疖疮疡,烧烫伤,毒蛇咬伤。本品乙醚提取物对甲型链球菌、卡他球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、均有较强抑制作用。对血象的影响:用筋骨草治疗后,白细胞总数增高,机体抵抗力增加,酸性细胞明显下降,机体过敏程度有所好转。
以上所述的红天葵,为秋海棠科植物紫背天葵Begonia fimbristipulata Hance的球茎或全株。【别名】:红叶、龙虎叶、夜渡红、红水葵、散血子、一点血、散血丹、一叶红、小羚羊,【性味归经】:味甘,性凉,归肺、肝经,【功能主治】:清热凉血,止咳化痰,解毒消肿。主治外感高热,中暑,肺热咳嗽,咽喉肿痛,疔疮,瘰疬,疥癣,烫火伤,跌打瘀痛。提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、大肠杆埃希菌有较强的抑菌作用。天葵化学成分中的格列风内酯和紫草氰苷有显著的抗炎功效。抗氧化损伤,调解机体免疫功能。
以上所述的大丁草,为菊科植物大丁草Gerbera anandria (Linn.)Sch.-Bip.的全草,【别名】:烧金草、豹子药、苦马菜、米汤菜、鸡毛蒿、白小米菜、踏地香、龙根草、翻白叶、小火草、臁草,【性味归经】:味苦;性寒,入肺、脾二经,【功能主治】:清热利湿;解毒消肿。主肺热咳嗽;湿热泻痢;热淋;风湿关节痛;痈疖肿毒;臁疮;早蛇咬伤;烧烫伤;外伤出血。研究表明,大丁草的乙醇提取液对绿脓杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌均显抑制作用。
以上所述的虎杖,为蓼科植物虎杖Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.et Zucc.的干燥根茎和根。【别名】花斑竹、酸筒杆、酸汤梗、斑杖根、黄地榆,【性味归经】:味微苦,性微寒。归肝、胆、肺经,【功效主治】利湿退黄,清热解毒,散瘀止痛,止咳化痰。主治湿热黄疸,淋浊,带下,风湿痹痛,痈肿疮毒,水火烫伤,经闭,症瘕,趺打损伤,肺热咳嗽。具有抗病原微生物,抗病毒的作用,对烫烧伤的创口有收敛,防止感染和消炎的作用。其所含大黄素可诱发核苷酸修复损伤的DNA基因。
以上所述的广豆根,为豆科植物越南槐Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep.的干燥根及根茎,【别名】:山豆根,【性味归经】:苦,寒。归肺、胃经,【功能主治】:清热解毒,消肿利咽,主治火毒蕴结,咽喉肿痛,牙龈肿痛。广豆根成分有抗炎,增强免疫力作用,山豆根多糖可增强免疫力。
以上所述的珈蓝菜,为景天科植物伽蓝菜Kalanchoe laciniata(L.)DC.的全草,【别名】:青背天葵、鸡爪三七、五爪三七、假川连、五爪田七、小灯笼草、大还魂、高凉菜、土三七,【性味归经】:甘、微苦,寒,归心、肝、肺经,【功能主治】:散瘀止血,清热解毒。主治跌打损伤,扭伤,外伤出血,咽喉炎,烫伤,湿疹,痈疮肿毒,毒蛇咬伤。抗菌抗病毒,对金色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、聚团杆菌均有抑制作用,有免疫调解作用。
以上所述的喉咙草,为报春花科植物点地梅Androsace umbellata (Lour.)Merr.的全草或果实,【别名】:佛顶珠、地胡椒、五岳朝天、小虎耳草,【性味归经】:辛甘,微寒,无毒,【功能主治】:祛风,清热,消肿,解毒。治咽喉肿痛,口疮,赤眼,目翳,正、偏头痛,牙痛,风湿,哮喘,淋、浊、崩、带,疔疮肿毒,跌打,烫伤。实验表明,其成分具有抗炎镇痛作用。
以上所述的射干,为鸢尾科植物射干Belamcanda chinensis 的干燥根茎,【别名】:乌扇、乌蒲、黄远、草姜、凤翼,【性味归经】:苦,寒,归肺经,【功能主治】:清热解毒,消痰,利咽。主治热毒痰火邰结,咽喉肿痛,痰涎壅盛,咳嗽气喘。具有广谱抑菌作用,其水煎剂也具有广谱抗病毒作用,其所含野鹫尾苷元可抑制炎症组织和炎症细胞。
以上所述的黄连,毛茛科植物黄连、三角叶黄连或云连的干燥根茎,【别名】:味连、川连、鸡爪连,【性味归经】:味苦,性寒,归心、脾、胃、肝、胆、大肠经,【功能主治】:清热燥湿,泻火解毒。主治湿热痞满,呕吐吞酸,泻痢,黄疸,高热神昏,心火亢盛,心烦不寐,心悸不宁,血热吐衄,目赤,牙痛,消渴,痈肿疗疮;外治湿疹,湿疮,耳道流脓。现代研究表明,其对损伤皮肤有保护作用,可消炎、镇痛、止痒。
以上所述的芭蕉叶,为芭蕉科芭蕉属植物芭蕉Musa basjoo Sieb. et Zucc.的叶片,【别名】:红叶、龙虎叶、夜渡红、红水葵、散血子、一点血、散血丹、一叶红、小羚羊,【性味归经】:味甘、淡,性寒,归心、肝经,【功能主治】:清热,利尿,解毒,主治热病,中暑,脚气,痈肿热毒,烫伤。其所含成分具有抗炎镇痛的作用。
以上所述的地白草,为堇菜科植物蔓茎堇Viola diffusa Ging.的全草,【别名】:七星莲、天芥菜草、白菜仔、鸡疴粘草、黄瓜草、白地黄瓜、狗儿草、黄瓜菜、细通草、毛毛藤、黄瓜香、野白菜、冷毒草、匍伏堇、小黄瓜香、提脓草、地白菜、王瓜香、银茶匙、石白菜、雪里青、抽脓拔、抽脓拔、茶匙黄,【性味归经】:味苦、辛,性寒。归肺、肝经。【功能主治】:清热解毒,散瘀消肿,止咳。主治疮疡肿毒,眼结膜炎,肺热咳嗽,百日咳,黄疸型肝炎,带状疱疹,水火烫伤,跌打损伤,骨折,毒蛇咬伤。可以抗氧化,清除自由基,调解免疫力,还有一定的镇痛作用。
以上所述的冰片,是由菊科艾纳香茎叶或樟科植物龙脑樟枝叶经水蒸汽蒸馏并重结晶而得,【别名】片脑、桔片、艾片、龙脑香、梅花冰片、羯布罗香、梅花脑、冰片脑、梅冰,【性味归经】辛、苦,微寒。归心、脾,肺经,【功能主治】通诸窍,散郁火,去翳明目,消肿止痛,清热散毒,散火解毒。治乳腺结块,中风口噤,热病神昏,惊痫痰迷,气闭耳聋,喉痹,口疮,中耳炎,痈肿,痔疮,目亦翳膜,蛲虫病。冰片有促进药物吸收的功效,对烧伤创口有镇痛止痒的效果。
本发明具有治疗烧伤烫伤功效的外洗药液按壮族古方改良而成,其中中各成分的药理功能是:
筋骨草清热解毒,抗炎止痛,调解免疫力;黄芩清热解毒,并对身体各个系统都有保护作用,还有保护内皮细胞的功效;红天葵清热凉血,抗菌抗炎,抗氧化损伤;此三味药为君药。
大丁草清热利湿;虎杖清热解毒、散瘀止痛,修复伤口;广豆根增强免疫力;珈蓝菜抗毒抗菌;射干消炎抗菌抗病毒,此五味药增强君药清热解毒之功效,为臣药。
喉咙草消炎镇痛;黄连修复损伤皮肤,镇痛止痒;芭蕉叶抗炎镇痛;地白草消肿,调节免疫;冰片清热止痛止痒;此五味药为佐药。
本发明的有益效果:
1、无副作用,使用方便,药物直达烧伤烫伤创口,能镇痛消炎止痒,最大限度减轻烧伤烫伤伤者的痛苦;还能清热解毒、修复损伤,为治疗预后消除瘢痕打下良好基础。
2、各种中药原材料的来源广,价格低廉,减轻了患者的经济负担。
3、本发明壮医外洗药液经临床实验,有效率在95%以上,效果显著。
具体实施方式
实施例1
取以下重量份的原料:黄芩3份、筋骨草3份、红天葵3份、大丁草2份、虎杖2份、广豆根2份、珈蓝菜2份、喉咙草2份、射干2份、黄连2份、芭蕉叶2份、地白草2份分别拣去杂质和粉尘后,打成碎粒,放入纯净水中浸泡0.5小时,再将浸泡好的药物和浸泡药物的澄清液一并放入砂锅内,加入重量份80份的纯净水,煎至浓缩成50%的外洗药浓缩液,过滤药渣冷却后,再加入粉碎成末的冰片1份混合冲调,加入防腐剂后分瓶灌装,即得成品外洗药液。
实施例2
取以下重量份原料:黄芩5份、筋骨草5份、红天葵5份、大丁草3份、虎杖3份、广豆根3份、珈蓝菜3份、喉咙草3份、射干3份、黄连3份、芭蕉叶3份、地白草3份,分别拣去杂质和粉尘后,打成碎粒,放入纯净水中浸泡1小时,再将浸泡好的药物和浸泡药物的澄清液一并放入砂锅内,加入重量份100份的纯净水,煎至浓缩成50%的外洗药浓缩液,过滤药渣冷却后,再加入粉碎成末的冰片2份混合冲调,加入防腐剂后分瓶灌装,即得成品外洗药液。
使用方法:每次使用1000ml本发明外洗药液,对烧伤烫伤处进行熏洗,熏洗时间为每次15至20分钟,洗过过后无需冲水,每日使用一次。
药效实施例:
选择111名来宾市武宣县中医院临床烧伤烫伤者进行治疗对比。
治疗方法:
两组均采用常规清创处理,常规抗菌消炎药服用和抗破伤风药物服用。A组进行常规治疗;B组增加使用本发明外洗药液进行治疗。
观察指标:
治疗对比:痊愈时间、瘢痕情况
注:痊愈标准为:创面完全愈合,形成结痂,创面无需植皮。
经过临床检验,使用本发明治疗烧伤烫伤的外洗药液患者,痊愈时间均比普通治疗所需时间短,且结痂掉后瘢痕情况较没有使用本发明的瘢痕情况要好,证明本发明对治疗烧伤烫伤确有显著疗效。
应用实施例:
实施例1
卢某,39岁,武宣县锰矿企业车间职工,车间工作时不慎被加热设备外壁烫伤左侧小腿及大腿皮肤,烫伤面积13%,多处呈浅Ⅱ度烧伤,创面清创后,使用本发明外洗药液,每天使用本发明药液熏洗伤处,每天使用一次,每次20分钟,洗后使用纱布覆盖创口,同时服用常规消炎类药物治疗,使用了7天后,患者痊愈,后复查不留瘢痕。
实施例2
唐某某,17岁,武宣县高中学生,在学校期间被开水烫伤左臂至左肩部位,烫伤面积12%,多处呈浅Ⅱ度烫伤。而后开始使用本发明外洗药液,每天使用本发明药液熏洗伤处,每天使用一次,每次15分钟,洗后充分暴露创口,每日洗后感觉自述疼痛症状大为减轻,使用了8天后,患者痊愈,后复查没有留下瘢痕。
实施例3
潘某,男,锰矿企业车间职工,车间工作时不慎被热炉渣烫伤右侧驱赶及腿部,烫伤面积达27%,多处呈深Ⅱ度烫伤,经医院创面清创后,开始使用本发明外洗药液,每天使用本发明熏洗伤处,每次熏洗20分钟,自述清洗过程中疼痛感大为减轻,原本因疼痛不能生活自理,熏洗药液后可以自行缓慢穿衣服裤子等动作,连续使用了18天后,新皮肤已见长出,27天后,伤者皮肤基本痊愈,再继续使用至40天,伤者痊愈结痂,后复查没有留下明显瘢痕。
Claims (1)
1.一种治疗烧伤烫伤的壮医外洗药液,其特征在于:它是由下述重量份数的原料制成的:黄芩3-5份、筋骨草3-5份、红天葵3-5份、大丁草2-3份、虎杖2-3份、广豆根2-3份、珈蓝菜2-3份、喉咙草2-3份、射干2-3份、黄连2-3份、芭蕉叶2-3份、地白草2-3份和冰片1-2份;
其制备方法包括如下:称取上述重量份数的黄芩、筋骨草、红天葵、大丁草、虎杖、广豆根、珈蓝菜、喉咙草、射干、黄连、芭蕉叶和地白草原料,分别拣去杂质和粉尘后,打成碎粒,放入纯净水中浸泡0.5-1小时,再将浸泡好的药物和浸泡药物的澄清液一并放入砂锅内,加入重量份80-100份的纯净水,煎至浓缩成50%的外洗药浓缩液,过滤药渣冷却后,再加入粉碎成末的冰片混合冲调,加入防腐剂后分瓶灌装,即得成品外洗药液。
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