CN107824783A - A kind of high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material and preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material and preparation method Download PDF

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CN107824783A
CN107824783A CN201711101720.7A CN201711101720A CN107824783A CN 107824783 A CN107824783 A CN 107824783A CN 201711101720 A CN201711101720 A CN 201711101720A CN 107824783 A CN107824783 A CN 107824783A
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powder
iron
copper
friction material
speed train
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CN107824783B (en
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张东卿
刘犇
韩兴茂
刘占军
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Kexing Realway New Materials (Yangzhou) Co.,Ltd.
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Shanxi Institute of Coal Chemistry of CAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B22F1/105—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing inorganic lubricating or binding agents, e.g. metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0084—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ carbon or graphite as the main non-metallic constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Abstract

A kind of high-speed train braking is with copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material in being including material quality percentage composition：The 65wt% of copper powder 35, the 45wt% of iron powder 15, the 17wt% of graphite powder 6, the 5wt% of molybdenum disulfide 2, the wt% of ferro-tungsten powder 26, the 8wt% of zirconia powder 1, the wt% of alumina powder 02, the 1wt% of silica powder 0, the 6wt% of chromium powder 0.5.The present invention has the brake request that 300~350km of speed per hour and above bullet train are attained by terms of the performance indications such as hardness, wear extent, shear strength, coefficient of friction, and has the advantages that braking is steady, wear extent is small, it is small that antithesis adjustment debit is hindered.

Description

A kind of high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material and preparation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of bullet train brake lining and powder metallurgical technology, more particularly to a kind of high-speed train braking With copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material and preparation method.
Background technology
With the continuous improvement of high-speed railway transportation speed, brakes is finally ensured as safe operation, and it is required More and more high, brake lining also needs as brakes most critical and most crucial material and part, its properties of product and braking effect Step up.Zhong Tie Iron-surfur clusters authentication center（CRCC）Valuation Standard（TB/T3470-2016）In to for arranging at a high speed The constituent content and specific performance of the powder metallurgy brake pad friction material of car list clear stipulaties, and major requirement has：Si elements Content is not more than 1%, and the total content of Al+Si elements is not to be exceeded 1%, Cr+Zr+W constituent content summations and is not to be exceeded 10%； 0 .35 cm3/MJ, hardness 10-30HB is not to be exceeded in abrasion loss, and friction piece shear strength is more than 6MPa, and confficient of static friction is more than 0.32。
But domestic apllied high ferro brake pad patent can not mostly meet that CRCC recognizes in material element content at present , there is the problem of regulation constituent content exceedes prescribed limit in the requirement of card standard, or some key indexs such as hardness, wear extent The problem of can not meeting to require.
Patent（CN101280374）A kind of powder metallurgy brake pad material for high speed multiple unit and its preparation technology, match somebody with somebody Carborundum 1-3% in side, aluminum oxide 1-4%, ferrosilicon powder 2-8%；Patent（CN102011043A）A kind of train brake pad powder metallurgy The preparation method of material, silica 2-7%, aluminum oxide 2-8%, ferrosilicon powder 2-8% in formula；Patent（CN101493127A）It is copper-based Powder metallurgy high speed brake lining, silica 3-8%, aluminum oxide 2-6% in formula；Patent（CN103244586）For bullet train Metal-based powder metallurgy brake pad and preparation method thereof, schmigel 1-3% in formula, silica sand 1-3%.Patent（CN1995436A） A kind of copper base particle reinforced friction material, silica 2-15%, aluminum oxide 2-15%, aluminium 1-15% in formula.In the above patent silicon and The total content of aluminium element is far longer than in regulation 1% upper limit, it is impossible to meets the requirement of Valuation Standard, also easily causes antithesis system The damage of Moving plate and the at a high speed decay of lower frictional behaviour.And patent（CN102011043A）Hardness is 53-58HB, beyond regulation Hardness range 10-30 HB；Patent（CN1995436A）Wear extent 0.41-0.65 cm3/MJ are beyond 0.35 cm3/ in regulation The MJ upper limit.
Patent（CN105506346A）Powder metallurgy brake pad friction material and preparation method thereof, ferrochrome powder in formula 25-35%；Patent（CN106399743A）A kind of super simple constituent element powder metallurgy friction material of bullet train brake lining, chromium in formula Iron powder 6--15%, zirconium oxide 1-10%, in the two patents chromium and zr element total content containing secondary element be more than in regulation 10% it is upper Limit, also easily cause the damage to braking antithesis disk.
The content of the invention
The high-speed train braking copper and iron that steady, wear extent is small, antithesis adjustment debit wound is small is braked it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method.
A kind of high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material of the present invention, including material quality percentage composition It is：Copper powder 35-65wt%, iron powder 15-45wt%, wherein copper powder and iron powder weight sum account for copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material 64.5-80wt%；Graphite powder 6-17wt%, molybdenum disulfide 2-5wt%, wherein graphite powder and molybdenum disulfide weight sum account for copper and iron base The 8-22 wt% of powder metallurgy friction material；Ferro-tungsten powder 2-6 wt%, zirconia powder 1-8wt%, wherein ferro-tungsten powder and Zirconia powder weight sum accounts for the 5-11wt% of copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material；Alumina powder 0-2 wt%, silica powder 0- 1wt%, wherein alumina powder and silica powder weight sum account for the 0.5-2wt% of copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material；Chromium powder 0.5-6wt%。
In the present invention program, matrix constituent element is copper powder and iron powder, and copper powder therein is electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder, iron powder For atomized iron powder or reduced iron powder, matrix constituent element powder granule size is less than 250 μ.
In the present invention program, lubricant component is graphite powder and molybdenum disulphide powder, and wherein graphite is natural flake graphite, lubrication Constituent element powder granule size is less than 150 μ.
In the present invention program, friction component is based on ferro-tungsten powder and zirconia powder, using a small amount of silicon and the ceramics of aluminium Supplemented by powder, W content 70-80 wt% wherein in ferro-tungsten, aluminum oxide is α-Al2O3, friction component powder granule size is less than 200μ。
In the present invention program, the powder granule size of matrix reinforcing component chromium powder is less than 100 μ.
In the present invention program, using traditional powder metallurgy preparation technique, batch mixing is specifically included, compressing and pressurization is burnt Knot, incorporation time 0.5-24 hours, briquetting pressure 500-900 MPa, 800-1050 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 1-4 hours, Sintering pressure 0.5-3 MPa.
In the present invention program, V-type batch mixer, three-dimensional material mixer or high speed mixer can be selected in mixing equipment.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art：
1st, patent of the present invention is while various regulation constituent content requirements are met, in hardness, wear extent, shear strength, friction It can meet authentication requesting in terms of the performance indications such as coefficient；Using copper, two kinds of elements of iron as matrix copper-iron-based powder metallurgical material, Relative to most copper base powder metallurgy high ferro brake lining material, the high-termal conductivity of copper-based material and the resistance to height of iron-based material have been had concurrently Warm nature.So that the properties of prepared brake lining reach the brake request of 300~350km of speed per hour and above bullet train, meet （CRCC）Valuation Standard in indices regulation.
2nd, collectively constituted in inventive formulation without environmentally harmful metal, metallic matrixes such as zinc, lead by copper and iron, silicon It is no more than 1% with the total content of aluminium element, chromium, zirconium, the total content of tungsten are less than 10%, comply fully with CRCC regulation, and with system The advantages that dynamic steady, wear extent is small, small to antithesis adjustment debit wound.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the friction coefficient curve figure of the friction material of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the friction coefficient curve figure of the friction material of embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is the friction coefficient curve figure of the friction material of embodiment 3.
Fig. 4 is the friction coefficient curve figure of the friction material of embodiment 4.
Fig. 5 is the friction coefficient curve figure of the friction material of embodiment 5.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Raw material components match：The wt% of atomized copper powder 35（D97For 245 μ）, the wt% of reduced iron powder 45（D97For 200 μ）, ferrotungsten powder 2 wt%（W content 70wt%, D97For 180 μ）, the wt% of zirconia powder 3（D97For 195 μ）, wt% (the D of crystalline graphite powder 697For 130 μ), the wt% (D of molybdenum disulphide powder 297For 100 μ), the wt% (D of chromium powder 697For 90 μ), the wt% (D of silica powder 197For 100 μ)； Above-mentioned powder is mixed 24 hours in V-type batch mixer, is molded to obtain biscuit in 500 MPa, biscuit is fixed on steel back On, bell jar type sintering furnace is put into, is sintered 1 hour under 1050 DEG C, 0.5MPa, obtains high ferro brake friction material.According to upper State the hardness 25HB, the MPa of compression strength 160, the MPa of shear strength 25 of the material of technique preparation, confficient of static friction 0.42, abrasion 0.16cm3/MJ is measured, friction coefficient curve is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2
Raw material components match：The wt% of electrolytic copper powder 37（D97For 200 μ）, the wt% of atomized iron powder 27.5（D97For 150 μ）, ferrotungsten The wt% of powder 3（W content 80wt%, D97For 190 μ）, the wt% of zirconia powder 8（D97For 110 μ）, wt% (the D of crystalline graphite powder 1797For 120 μ), the wt% (D of molybdenum disulphide powder 597For 50 μ), the wt% (D of chromium powder 0.597For 30 μ), the wt% of alumina powder 2（α- Al2O3, D97For 150 μ）；Above-mentioned powder is mixed 6 hours in three-dimensional material mixer, is molded to obtain biscuit in 900 MPa, by biscuit It is fixed in steel back, is put into bell jar type sintering furnace, is sintered 4 hours under 800 DEG C, 3MPa, obtain high ferro brake friction material. The hardness 12HB of the material prepared according to above-mentioned technique, compression strength 90 MPa, shear strength 15MPa, confficient of static friction 0.33, Wear extent 0.08cm3/MJ, friction coefficient curve are as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 3
Raw material components match:The wt% of electrolytic copper powder 65（D97For 100 μ）, the wt% of reduced iron powder 15（D97For 240 μ）, ferrotungsten powder 6 wt%（W content 72wt%, D97For 100 μ）, the wt% of zirconia powder 1（D97For 180 μ）, wt% (the D of crystalline graphite powder 997For 80 μ), the wt% (D of molybdenum disulphide powder 2.597For 60 μ), the wt% (D of chromium powder 197For 70 μ), the wt% of alumina powder 0.5（α- Al2O3, D97For 120 μ）；Above-mentioned powder is mixed 0.5 hour in high speed mixer, is molded to obtain biscuit in 600MPA, by biscuit It is fixed in steel back, is put into bell jar type sintering furnace, is sintered 3 hours under 920 DEG C, 2MPa, obtain high ferro brake friction material. The hardness 18HB, compression strength 120MPa, shear strength 20MPa of the material prepared according to above-mentioned technique, confficient of static friction 0.36, Wear extent 0.12cm3/MJ, friction coefficient curve are as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 4
Raw material components match:The wt% of atomized copper powder 40（D97For 200 μ）, the wt% of atomized iron powder 30（D97For 200 μ）, ferrotungsten powder 4 wt%（W content 76wt%, D97For 90 μ）, the wt% of zirconia powder 5（D97For 190 μ）, the wt% of crystalline graphite powder 10（D97For 80 μ）, wt% (the D of molybdenum disulphide powder 497For 140 μ), the wt% (D of chromium powder 5.597For 80 μ), the wt% of alumina powder 1（α- Al2O3,D97 For 180 μ）, wt% (the D of silica powder 0.597For 50 μ)；Above-mentioned powder is mixed 15 hours in V-type batch mixer, in 750MPA It is molded to obtain biscuit, biscuit is fixed in steel back, be put into bell jar type sintering furnace, it is small that 2 is sintered under 1000 DEG C, 1MPa When, obtain high ferro brake friction material.The hardness 22HB of the material prepared according to above-mentioned technique, compression strength 135MPa, cuts Shearing stress 18MPa, confficient of static friction 0.38, wear extent 0.15cm3/MJ, friction coefficient curve are as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 5
Raw material components match:The wt% of electrolytic copper powder 55（D97For 100 μ）, the wt% of atomized iron powder 15（D97For 200 μ）, ferrotungsten powder 3 wt%（W content 78wt%, D97For 120 μ）, the wt% of zirconia powder 6（D97For 160 μ）, the wt% of crystalline graphite powder 14（D97For 50 μ）, wt% (the D of molybdenum disulphide powder 297For 130 μ), the wt% (D of chromium powder 397For 50 μ), the wt% of alumina powder 1（α- Al2O3,D97For 190μ）, wt% (the D of silica powder 197For 150 μ)；Above-mentioned powder is mixed 10 hours in three-dimensional material mixer, entered in 850MPA Row shaping obtains biscuit, and biscuit is fixed in steel back, is put into bell jar type sintering furnace, and it is small that 2.5 are sintered under 860 DEG C, 3.5MPa When, obtain high ferro brake friction material.The hardness 15HB of the material prepared according to above-mentioned technique, compression strength 110MPa, cuts Shearing stress 22MPa, confficient of static friction 0.35, wear extent 0.10cm3/MJ, friction coefficient curve are as shown in Figure 5.
The above is only the preferable specific embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to that own Person skilled in art is subject to equivalent substitution according to the spirit of the present invention and design or changed in the range of presently disclosed techniques Change all should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material, it is characterised in that including material quality percentage composition It is：Copper powder 35-65wt%, iron powder 15-45wt%, wherein copper powder and iron powder weight sum account for copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material 64.5-80wt%；Graphite powder 6-17wt%, molybdenum disulfide 2-5wt%, wherein graphite powder and molybdenum disulfide weight sum account for copper and iron base The 8-22 wt% of powder metallurgy friction material；Ferro-tungsten powder 2-6 wt%, zirconia powder 1-8wt%, wherein ferro-tungsten powder and Zirconia powder weight sum accounts for the 5-11wt% of copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material；Alumina powder 0-2 wt%, silica powder 0- 1wt%, wherein alumina powder and silica powder weight sum account for the 0.5-2wt% of copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material；Chromium powder 0.5-6wt%。
A kind of 2. high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that copper Powder is electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder, and iron powder is atomized iron powder or reduced iron powder, and its powder granule size is less than 250 μ.
A kind of 3. high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that stone Ink is natural flake graphite, and its powder granule size is less than 150 μ.
4. a kind of high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that two Molybdenum sulfide powder granule size is less than 150 μ.
A kind of 5. high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that tungsten W content 70-80 wt% in ferroalloy, aluminum oxide are α-Al2O3。
A kind of 6. high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that tungsten Iron alloy powder, zirconia powder, the powder granule size of silica powder of alumina powder are less than 200 μ.
A kind of 7. high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that chromium The powder granule size of powder is less than 100 μ.
8. a kind of such as preparation method of any one of claim 1-7 high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction materials, It includes batch mixing, compressing and pressure sintering, it is characterised in that incorporation time 0.5-24 hours, briquetting pressure 500-900 MPa, 800-1050 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 1-4 hours, sintering pressure 0.5-3 MPa.
9. a kind of such as preparation method of any one of claim 1-7 high-speed train braking copper-iron-based powder metallurgical friction materials, It is characterized in that mixing equipment selects V-type batch mixer, three-dimensional material mixer or high speed mixer.
CN201711101720.7A 2017-11-10 2017-11-10 Copper-iron-based powder metallurgy friction material for braking high-speed train and preparation method thereof Active CN107824783B (en)

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CN108907177A (en) * 2018-07-19 2018-11-30 江阴市恒鼎特钢制品有限公司 Copper based powder metallurgy friction material for high-speed train braking
CN109139755A (en) * 2018-07-18 2019-01-04 滁州欧瑞斯机车部件有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the copper-based composite friction material of iron
CN109266896A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-01-25 北京天仁道和新材料有限公司 A kind of high-speed train braking gradient friction piece and preparation method thereof
CN110056588A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-07-26 山东金麒麟股份有限公司 A kind of friction material and powder metallurgy brake pad and the method for preparing friction block
CN110387212A (en) * 2018-04-20 2019-10-29 西安交通大学 Friction material composition and with its preparation bullet train brake pad and application
CN110643848A (en) * 2019-10-14 2020-01-03 武汉万邦激光金刚石工具股份有限公司 Brake pad material and preparation method and application thereof
CN111041269A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-21 武汉万邦激光金刚石工具股份有限公司 Method for preparing brake pad material of high-speed train
WO2020113712A1 (en) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-11 北京科技大学 Fiber reinforced copper-based brake pad for high-speed railway train, manufacturing, and friction braking performance
CN112264624A (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-01-26 上海理工大学 Powder metallurgy brake pad with low tungsten content and preparation method thereof
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CN113234954A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-08-10 中铁隆昌铁路器材有限公司 Copper-based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof
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CN115126808A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-09-30 北京科技大学 Copper-based powder metallurgy friction material suitable for high-speed braking and preparation method thereof

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