CN107816126B - Assembled concrete embedded prefabricated column and prefabricated balcony - Google Patents
Assembled concrete embedded prefabricated column and prefabricated balcony Download PDFInfo
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- CN107816126B CN107816126B CN201711018320.XA CN201711018320A CN107816126B CN 107816126 B CN107816126 B CN 107816126B CN 201711018320 A CN201711018320 A CN 201711018320A CN 107816126 B CN107816126 B CN 107816126B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/003—Balconies; Decks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
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- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an assembled concrete embedded prefabricated column and a prefabricated balcony, and belongs to the technical field of buildings. The prefabricated building structure comprises a prefabricated column, a prefabricated balcony, a wall body reserved square hole groove and four connecting pieces, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the prefabricated column are respectively matched, embedded and connected with the prefabricated balcony in an embedded manner, and rectangular grooves are reserved in the central parts of the upper end and the lower end of the prefabricated column; four square grooves are formed in the bottom of the prefabricated balcony, cuboid concrete structures are arranged at two ends of the near column, the cuboid concrete structures are embedded with the square grooves of the prefabricated column, and cement mortar is used for sealing after installation is completed; the wall body reserved square hole grooves are arranged in the transverse direction of the wall body at equal intervals between two adjacent columns; the connecting piece is an L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member, one end of the connecting piece is embedded with a reserved square hole groove of a wall body, and the other end of the connecting piece is embedded with a prefabricated balcony square hole groove, and the connecting piece is sealed by cement mortar after installation. The invention has the advantages of high bearing capacity, convenient construction, high construction speed, good economic effect, convenient transportation, shortened working time and reduced manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and particularly relates to an assembled concrete embedded prefabricated column and a prefabricated balcony.
Background
The development of the fabricated concrete building starts in the 50 s of the 20 th century, and after the stages of research, rapid development, use, slow development and the like, after 2000, the fabricated concrete building is gradually brought to a new development stage due to the characteristics of low energy consumption, high construction speed, less environmental pollution and the like when the state develops low-carbon economy. In 2010, a temporary method for implementing preferential measures such as area rewards for industrial housing projects and a guiding opinion for promoting the industrialization of housing in this market are sequentially introduced from beginning to end, so that the implementation of the assembly housing projects is effectively guided. In addition, the research work of the related assembly technology is gradually developed by a plurality of national industry associations, design institutions and building departments, and the development of related industries is effectively promoted by the standard specifications of integral prestress assembly type plate column building technical regulations, prestress concrete bottom plate for superimposed sheet, assembly integral type residential concrete member manufacturing, construction and acceptance check standard and the like. Later, 2016, the country has further strengthened the use of fabricated buildings, which was planned to be about 30% of the building proportion in the next 10 years. It can be seen that the fabricated concrete building has good development prospect under the support of the national government.
The assembled building is focused on protecting environment and resources, the emission of building sewage, harmful gas and dust and the pollution of building noise are effectively reduced in the construction process, various influences of building construction on the surrounding environment are reduced, the improvement of the labor productivity of the building is facilitated, the refinement of the design and the building is promoted, the overall quality of the building and the energy conservation and drainage reduction rate are improved, the healthy sustainable development of the building industry in China is promoted, and the requirements of national economic development are met.
Under the background of adjusting the industrial structure and pushing energy conservation and emission reduction by pushing with great force to change the economic development mode, urban local governments such as Beijing, shanghai, shenyang, shenzhen, jinan, hefei and the like take the construction of a protective house as a grip, and the urban governments are successively brought out to support the local policy of building industrialization development. Large-scale domestic real estate development enterprises, general contractor enterprises and prefabricated member production enterprises in China move together, and the building industrialization investment is increased. The construction industrialization represented by the rapid development of the novel precast concrete assembly structure enters a new high-speed development period from the national point of view. The period is the period when the residential industry in China really enters into comprehensive promotion, the industrialization progress is gradually accelerated, but the gap is quite large compared with developed countries in general. With the gradual progress of the building design and construction technology in China, the design content is changed from the initial single form consideration to the balance among the form, the function, the environment protection and other aspects, and the prefabricated assembly system can almost meet various types of buildings. In fact, fabricated structures have been initially discovered as early as several decades ago. In recent years, with the increasing pressure of dual demands at home and abroad, the form of the assembled building is proposed and applied again. Currently, some enterprises in Shanghai use fabricated buildings in residential projects.
The prefabricated construction is very popular because of the long-term research and popularization of prefabricated construction by the prefabricated/prestressed concrete society (PCI), and the well-established standard specifications for precast concrete. The prefabricated building in North America mainly comprises two large series of prefabricated building outer walls and prefabricated structural members. The prefabricated component has the common characteristics of combining large-scale and prestress, optimizing the structure reinforcement and connection structure, reducing the workload of manufacture and installation, shortening the construction period and fully embodying the characteristics of industrialization, standardization and technical economy. In the 20 th century, prefabricated construction in north america was mainly used in low-rise non-seismic fortification areas. Engineering application technology research of earthquake resistance and middle-high-rise prefabricated structures is very important in recent years due to earthquake influence in the California area. PCI recently published a book of "precast concrete structure earthquake-proof design", systematically analyzed the earthquake-proof design problem of precast building from the theoretical and practical angles, summarized the latest scientific achievements of many precast structure earthquake-proof designs, and had very strong guiding significance for guiding precast structure designs and engineering application popularization.
Europe is the origin of prefabricated buildings, and as early as the 17 th century has begun the way of building industrialization. After the second world war, europe explored the building industrialization model further due to the shortage of labor resources. Whether it is northern europe, western europe, or eastern europe with less developed economy, the design and construction methods of prefabricated concrete constructions have been actively pursued. The method has the advantages that a plurality of design and construction experiences of precast buildings are accumulated, various special precast building systems and standardized general precast product series are formed, a series of precast concrete engineering standards and application manuals are compiled, and the method plays a very important role in promoting the worldwide application of precast concrete.
The Japanese and the Korean are used for referencing the European and American successful experience, and the breakthrough progress is made in the aspects of the integral earthquake resistance and earthquake isolation design of the prefabricated structural system by combining the self requirements on the basis of exploring the standardized design construction of the prefabricated building. A representative achievement is two 58-layer tokyo towers built in japan 2008 using prefabricated assembled frame structures. Meanwhile, the standard specifications of the design, manufacture and construction of the Japanese precast concrete building system are perfect, and the currently used precast specifications are precast concrete engineering (JASSl 0) and concrete curtain wall (JASSl 4).
The assembled concrete building and the masonry building adopting the prefabricated hollow floor slab become two main building systems, and the application popularization rate is more than 70%. Because of the limitations and defects of the functions and the physical properties of the fabricated building, the development level of the fabricated concrete building design and construction technology in China is not kept pace with the changes of the social demands and the development of the building technology. By the middle 90 s of the 20 th century, fabricated concrete buildings have been gradually replaced by fully cast-in-place concrete building systems, and other prefabricated building systems have few engineering applications except that fabricated single-layer industrial factory building systems are widely applied at present. The integrity of the prefabricated structure earthquake resistance and the specialized research of design construction management are insufficient, so that the technical economy is poor. This is the root cause of the long-term stagnation of the prefabricated structure.
In 1940-1942, p.w. ebrils in the united kingdom first proposed to integrate the lower section with the upper cast-in-place concrete using the pre-stressed sheet as a form. Such floors are beginning to be used in the united kingdom, soviet union, swiss, sweden, france, poland, austria, etc. at the end of the 40 s to the beginning of the 50 s. Rapid development in the 60-70 s, especially french and federal germany, has been widely used in various house buildings. Trial production was carried out in 1980 in China. Through structural tests of various spans and different loads, the construction method is adopted for the first time in the western-style garden restaurant project of 27 layers of Beijing in 1981, and the area is about 2 ten thousand square meters. After that, the method is popularized in some projects such as high-rise tourist hotels, office buildings, apartments for external use, warehouses and the like.
From the research and application experience at home and abroad, the prefabricated frame structure, the prefabricated shear wall structure and the prefabricated frame-cast-in-situ shear wall (core tube) structure system can be adopted. The load bearing members in the structure can be all prefabricated members or prefabricated and cast-in-situ members. The prefabricated shear wall structure can be divided into a full prefabricated shear wall structure, a partial prefabricated shear wall structure and a multilayer shear wall structure which properly reduces the structural performance requirement. The prefabricated frame structure and the frame in the prefabricated frame-cast-in-situ shear wall (core tube) structure are all prefabricated members, and the joints between the bearing members are designed and constructed according to the requirement of the same cast-in-situ structure. The structure system has the same performance as the cast-in-situ structure, and the applicable height, the anti-seismic grade and the design method of the structure are basically the same as those of the cast-in-situ structure. The full prefabricated shear wall structure refers to that all the shear walls are assembled by adopting prefabricated parts. The joint between prefabricated walls is basically equal to or slightly lower than the cast-in-situ structure, the bearing capacity and deformation requirements of the joint are met through design calculation, and the influence of the joint is considered in the overall structure analysis. The prefabrication rate of the structural system is high, but the joint structure of the joint is complex, the construction difficulty is high, the structural system is difficult to ensure to be completely identical to a cast-in-situ shear wall structure, the current research and engineering practice are insufficient, and further research work is required for popularization and application in a seismic region.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the assembled concrete embedded precast column and the precast balcony, which are mainly used for developing the assembled concrete embedded precast column and the precast balcony with good integrity, definite force transmission, simple structure, safety, reliability, material saving, convenient construction and the like, and can effectively solve the problems of difficult transportation, complicated construction, long construction period, material waste and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the connecting structure of the prefabricated concrete embedded type prefabricated column and the prefabricated balcony comprises a prefabricated column (5) and the prefabricated balcony, wherein the prefabricated column (5) comprises a first rectangular hole groove (9), a second rectangular hole groove (10), a prefabricated column longitudinal steel bar (13) and stirrups (14); the prefabricated balcony comprises a prefabricated balcony first cuboid concrete structure (3), a prefabricated balcony second cuboid concrete structure (4), a prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1), prefabricated balcony longitudinal steel bars (11), prefabricated balcony transverse steel bars (12) and prefabricated balcony reserved square hole grooves (2); the first rectangular hole grooves (9) at the upper end and the lower end of the prefabricated column (5) are in embedded connection with the first cuboid concrete structure (3) of the prefabricated balcony, and the second rectangular hole grooves (10) at the upper end and the lower end of the prefabricated column (5) are in embedded connection with the second cuboid concrete structure (4) of the prefabricated balcony; a wall body reserved square hole groove (7) is transversely arranged on a wall body (6) between two adjacent precast columns (5), and the wall body reserved square hole groove (7) is embedded with a precast balcony reserved square hole groove (2) on the bottom surface of a precast balcony concrete slab (1) through a connecting piece; a prefabricated balcony longitudinal steel bar (11) and a prefabricated balcony transverse steel bar (12) are arranged in the prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1); the four corners of the prefabricated column (5) are respectively provided with prefabricated column longitudinal steel bars (13), and the prefabricated column longitudinal steel bars (13) are connected through stirrups (14).
Further, the connecting piece is a prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member (8), one end of the connecting piece is embedded with a wall reserved square hole groove (7), and the other end of the connecting piece is embedded with a prefabricated balcony square hole groove (2).
Further, four wall reserved square hole slots (7) are arranged between two adjacent prefabricated columns (5) at equal intervals; the number of prefabricated balcony square hole grooves (2) connected with the wall reserved square hole grooves (7) is four.
Further, the first rectangular hole groove (9) is arranged at the central parts of the upper end and the lower end of the prefabricated column (5), the height of the first rectangular hole groove (9) is 500-800 mm, and the vertical distance between the long and wide boundaries of the first rectangular hole groove (9) and the stirrup (14) is greater than 50mm.
Further, the second rectangular hole groove (10) is positioned at the position, close to the precast concrete slab (1), of the upper end and the lower end of the precast column (5), the height of the second rectangular hole groove (10) is 200-300 mm, and the vertical distance between the left end and the right end of the second rectangular hole groove (10) and stirrups is greater than 80mm.
Further, the height of the prefabricated balcony first cuboid concrete structure (3) is consistent with the height of the first rectangular hole groove (9), and the length and width direction dimensions of the prefabricated balcony first cuboid concrete structure (3) are smaller than the length and width of the first rectangular hole groove (9) by 10-20 mm.
Further, the height of the prefabricated balcony second cuboid concrete structure (4) is consistent with the height of the second rectangular hole groove (10), and the length and width dimensions of the prefabricated balcony second cuboid concrete structure (4) are smaller than the length and width dimensions of the second rectangular hole groove (10) by 10-20 mm.
Further, the depth of the reserved square hole groove (7) of the wall body is larger than 3/4 of the thickness of the wall body (6), and the length and width dimensions of the cross section of the reserved square hole groove (7) of the wall body are 150-250 mm.
Further, the height of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole groove (2) is larger than 1/2 of the thickness of the prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1), and the cross section length and width of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole groove (2) are 150-250 mm.
Further, the length of the prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member (8) is greater than 1/2 of the length of the prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1), and the cross section size of the two ends of the prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member (8) is smaller than the cross section size of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole groove (2) by 10-20 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has the advantages of high bearing capacity, convenient construction, high construction speed, good economic effect, convenient transportation, shortened working time and reduced manufacturing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an assembled concrete embedded precast column and a precast balcony.
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevation view of an assembled concrete embedded precast column and a precast balcony.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of section A-A of FIG. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of section B-B of fig. 2.
In the figure, 1 is a prefabricated balcony concrete slab; 2, reserving square hole grooves for the prefabricated balcony; 3 is a prefabricated balcony first cuboid concrete structure; 4 is a prefabricated balcony second cuboid concrete structure; 5 is a prefabricated column; 6 is a wall body; 7, reserving square hole grooves for the wall body; 8 is a prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member; 9 is a first rectangular hole groove; 10 is a second rectangular hole slot; 11 is a prefabricated balcony longitudinal steel bar; 12 is a prefabricated balcony transverse reinforcement; 13 is a prefabricated column longitudinal steel bar; 14 is stirrup.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-4, the connecting structure of the assembled concrete embedded precast column and the precast balcony comprises a precast column 5 and the precast balcony, wherein the precast column 5 comprises a first rectangular hole groove 9, a second rectangular hole groove 10, precast column longitudinal steel bars 13 and stirrups 14, the first rectangular hole groove 9 at the upper end and the lower end of the precast column 5 are connected with the precast balcony first cuboid concrete structure 3 in a matched embedded manner, and the second rectangular hole groove 10 at the upper end and the lower end of the precast column 5 are connected with the precast balcony second cuboid concrete structure 4 in a matched embedded manner; the prefabricated balcony comprises a prefabricated balcony first cuboid concrete structure 3, a prefabricated balcony second cuboid concrete structure 4, a prefabricated balcony concrete slab 1, prefabricated balcony longitudinal reinforcing steel bars 11, prefabricated balcony transverse reinforcing steel bars 12 and prefabricated balcony reserved square hole grooves 2; the wall reserved square hole grooves 7 are transversely arranged along the wall 6, and four wall reserved square hole grooves 7 are arranged between two adjacent prefabricated columns 5 at equal intervals; four connecting pieces 8 are prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural members, one end of each connecting piece is embedded with a wall reserved square hole groove 7, the other end of each connecting piece is embedded with a prefabricated balcony square hole groove 2, first square hole grooves 9 with the height of 500-800 mm and the length-width boundary distance of greater than 50mm from stirrups 14 are reserved in the central parts of the upper end and the lower end of a prefabricated column 5, second square hole grooves 10 with the height of 200-300 mm and the length-width boundary distance of greater than 80mm from stirrups 14 are reserved in the directions of the upper end and the lower end of the prefabricated column 5, the height of a prefabricated balcony first cuboid concrete structure 3 is consistent with the height of the first square hole grooves 9, the length-width direction size of the prefabricated balcony second cuboid concrete structure 4 is reduced by 10-20 mm, the length-width direction size of 10-20 mm is reduced, the depth of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole grooves 7 is greater than 3/4 of the thickness of the wall 6, the length-width dimension of the section is 150-250 mm respectively, the height of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole grooves 2 is greater than 1/2 of the thickness of the prefabricated balcony, the length-width-dimension of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole grooves is greater than 150-250 mm, the length of the prefabricated concrete slab is greater than 150-2L-250 mm, and the length of the prefabricated concrete slab is greater than 2L-2 mm.
The prefabricated balcony first cuboid concrete structure 3 and the prefabricated balcony second cuboid concrete structure 4 are respectively embedded with the prefabricated column first rectangular hole groove 9 and the second rectangular hole groove 10, and are sealed by cement mortar after installation. The prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member 8 is embedded with the wall preformed hole groove 7 and the prefabricated balcony preformed square hole groove 2, and is sealed by cement mortar after installation.
Claims (8)
1. The connecting structure of the prefabricated concrete embedded type prefabricated column and the prefabricated balcony comprises the prefabricated column (5) and the prefabricated balcony, and is characterized in that the prefabricated column (5) comprises a first rectangular hole groove (9), a second rectangular hole groove (10), a prefabricated column longitudinal steel bar (13) and stirrups (14); the prefabricated balcony comprises a prefabricated balcony first cuboid concrete structure (3), a prefabricated balcony second cuboid concrete structure (4), a prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1), prefabricated balcony longitudinal steel bars (11), prefabricated balcony transverse steel bars (12) and prefabricated balcony reserved square hole grooves (2); the first rectangular hole grooves (9) at the upper end and the lower end of the prefabricated column (5) are in embedded connection with the first cuboid concrete structure (3) of the prefabricated balcony, and the second rectangular hole grooves (10) at the upper end and the lower end of the prefabricated column (5) are in embedded connection with the second cuboid concrete structure (4) of the prefabricated balcony; a wall body reserved square hole groove (7) is transversely arranged on a wall body (6) between two adjacent precast columns (5), and the wall body reserved square hole groove (7) is embedded with a precast balcony reserved square hole groove (2) on the bottom surface of a precast balcony concrete slab (1) through a connecting piece; a prefabricated balcony longitudinal steel bar (11) and a prefabricated balcony transverse steel bar (12) are arranged in the prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1); the four corners of the prefabricated column (5) are respectively provided with prefabricated column longitudinal steel bars (13), and the prefabricated column longitudinal steel bars (13) are connected through stirrups (14);
the connecting piece is a prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member (8), one end of the connecting piece is embedded with a wall reserved square hole groove (7), and the other end of the connecting piece is embedded with a prefabricated balcony square hole groove (2);
four wall reserved square hole slots (7) are arranged between two adjacent prefabricated columns (5) at equal intervals; the number of prefabricated balcony square hole grooves (2) connected with the wall reserved square hole grooves (7) is four.
2. The connecting structure of the prefabricated concrete embedded column and the prefabricated balcony of claim 1, wherein the first rectangular hole groove (9) is positioned at the central parts of the upper end and the lower end of the prefabricated column (5), the height of the first rectangular hole groove (9) is 500-800 mm, and the vertical distance between the long and wide boundaries of the first rectangular hole groove (9) and the stirrup (14) is greater than 50mm.
3. The connecting structure of the prefabricated concrete embedded type precast column and the prefabricated balcony according to claim 1, wherein the second rectangular hole grooves (10) are positioned at the positions, close to the precast balcony concrete slab (1), of the upper end and the lower end of the precast column (5), the height of the second rectangular hole grooves (10) is 200-300 mm, and the vertical distance between the left end and the right end of the second rectangular hole grooves (10) and stirrups (14) is larger than 80mm.
4. The connecting structure of the prefabricated concrete embedded precast column and the prefabricated balcony of claim 1, wherein the height of the prefabricated balcony first cuboid concrete structure (3) is consistent with the height of the first rectangular hole groove (9), and the length and width direction dimensions of the prefabricated balcony first cuboid concrete structure (3) are smaller than the length and width of the first rectangular hole groove (9) by 10-20 mm.
5. The connecting structure of the prefabricated concrete embedded prefabricated column and the prefabricated balcony according to claim 1, wherein the height of the prefabricated balcony second cuboid concrete structure (4) is consistent with the height of the second rectangular hole groove (10), and the length and width dimensions of the prefabricated balcony second cuboid concrete structure (4) are smaller than the length and width dimensions of the second rectangular hole groove (10) by 10-20 mm.
6. The connecting structure of the prefabricated concrete embedded type prefabricated column and the prefabricated balcony of claim 1, wherein the depth of the reserved square hole groove (7) of the wall body is larger than 3/4 of the thickness of the wall body (6), and the length and width of the section of the reserved square hole groove (7) of the wall body are 150-250 mm.
7. The connecting structure of the prefabricated concrete embedded prefabricated column and the prefabricated balcony of claim 1, wherein the height of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole groove (2) is larger than 1/2 of the thickness of a prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1), and the cross section length and the width of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole groove (2) are 150-250 mm.
8. The connecting structure of the prefabricated concrete embedded precast column and the prefabricated balcony according to claim 2, wherein the length of the prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member (8) is greater than 1/2 of the length of a prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1), and the cross-sectional dimensions of two ends of the prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member (8) are smaller than the cross-sectional dimensions of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole groove (2) by 10-20 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711018320.XA CN107816126B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Assembled concrete embedded prefabricated column and prefabricated balcony |
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| CN201711018320.XA CN107816126B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Assembled concrete embedded prefabricated column and prefabricated balcony |
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| CN107816126A CN107816126A (en) | 2018-03-20 |
| CN107816126B true CN107816126B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111501991A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-07 | 安徽筑砼装配式建筑研究院有限公司 | Construction method for prefabricated assembly type balcony of residential building |
| CN111636553B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-05-25 | 杭州建工建材有限公司 | Assembled balcony structure and construction process |
| CN111794501B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2021-08-20 | 舜元建设(集团)有限公司 | Pouring method of cast-in-situ cantilever structure formwork system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US8776448B2 (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-07-15 | Cci Balconies Inc. | Composite cantilevered balcony |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4735023A (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1988-04-05 | Carole Posner | Guardrail window assembly for balcony or patio |
| KR20010038431A (en) * | 1999-10-25 | 2001-05-15 | 김헌출 | Corridor and balcony of ultra higher stories apartment half slab construction method |
| CN2404955Y (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2000-11-08 | 甘昌乐 | Inlaid and window type balcony |
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| CN107816126A (en) | 2018-03-20 |
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