CN107816126A - A kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete and prefabricated balcony - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an assembled concrete embedded prefabricated column and a prefabricated balcony, belonging to the field of building technology. It includes prefabricated columns, prefabricated balconies, square holes and grooves reserved on the wall, and four connectors. The upper and lower ends of the prefabricated columns are respectively embedded and connected with the prefabricated balconies. Four square grooves are arranged at the bottom of the prefabricated balcony, and cuboid concrete structures are arranged near the two ends of the columns, which are fitted with the rectangular grooves of the prefabricated columns, and sealed with cement mortar after installation; , arrange four reserved square grooves at equal intervals between two adjacent columns; the connector is an L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member, one end fits with the reserved square hole groove on the wall, and the other end fits with the prefabricated balcony square hole groove , Sealed with cement mortar after installation. The invention has the advantages of high bearing capacity, convenient construction, fast construction speed, good economic effect, convenient transportation, shortened working hours and reduced cost.

Description

A prefabricated concrete embedded prefabricated column and prefabricated balcony

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, in particular to an assembled concrete embedded prefabricated column and a prefabricated balcony.

Background technique

The development of prefabricated concrete buildings began in the 1950s. After research, rapid development, use and slow development, after 2000, when the country developed a low-carbon economy, prefabricated concrete buildings were characterized by low energy consumption and low construction costs. With the characteristics of fast speed and less environmental pollution, it has gradually entered a new stage of development. Moreover, in 2010, the "Interim Measures on the Implementation of Area Incentives and Other Preferential Measures for Industrialized Housing Projects" and "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Industrialization of Housing in this City" were successively launched in the capital to effectively guide the implementation of prefabricated housing projects . Moreover, many industry associations, design institutes and housing construction departments in the country have gradually carried out research work on prefabricated technology, and have issued "Technical Regulations for Integral Prestressed Prefabricated Slab-Column Buildings", "Prestressed Concrete Floor for Laminated Slabs" and Standards and regulations such as the "Code for Fabrication, Construction and Acceptance of Prefabricated Integral Residential Concrete Components" have effectively boosted the development of related industries. Since then, in 2016, the country has further strengthened the application of prefabricated buildings, and plans to make the proportion of this building application account for about 30% of the building proportion in the next 10 years. It can be seen that with the support of the national government, prefabricated concrete buildings have good development prospects.

The prefabricated building pays attention to the protection of the environment and resources. During the construction process, it effectively reduces the emission of construction sewage, harmful gases, dust and construction noise pollution, reduces the various impacts of construction on the surrounding environment, and is conducive to improving the construction efficiency. Labor productivity promotes the refinement of design and construction, improves the overall quality of buildings and the rate of energy conservation and drainage reduction, promotes the healthy and sustainable development of my country's construction industry, and meets the needs of national economic development.

Under the background of vigorously promoting the transformation of economic development mode, adjusting industrial structure and vigorously promoting energy conservation and emission reduction, the local governments of Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Jinan, Hefei and other cities focus on the construction of affordable housing and have successively issued policies to support buildings. Local policies for industrial development. Domestic large-scale real estate development companies, general contracting companies and prefabricated component manufacturers have also taken action to increase investment in construction industrialization. From a national perspective, the construction industrialization represented by the rapid development of new prefabricated concrete assembly structures has entered a new round of rapid development. This period is a period when my country's housing industry is truly advancing in an all-round way, and the process of industrialization is also gradually accelerating, but overall there is still a big gap compared with developed countries. With the gradual progress of my country's architectural design and construction technology, the content of the design has also changed from the initial consideration of a single form to a balance between form, function and environmental protection, and the prefabricated assembly system can almost meet various types. architecture. In fact, prefabricated buildings have emerged as early as decades ago. In recent years, with the increasing pressure of dual demand at home and abroad, prefabricated building forms have been proposed and applied again. At present, some enterprises in Shanghai have adopted prefabricated buildings in residential projects.

North America is mainly dominated by the United States and Canada. Due to the long-term research and promotion of precast buildings by the Precast/Prestressed Concrete Association (PCI), the relevant standards and specifications for precast concrete are also very complete. Therefore, its prefabricated concrete building application is very common. Prefabricated buildings in North America mainly include two series of building prefabricated exterior walls and structural prefabricated components. The common feature of prefabricated components is the combination of large-scale and prestress. It can optimize the structural reinforcement and connection structure, reduce the workload of fabrication and installation, shorten the construction period, and fully reflect the characteristics of industrialization, standardization and technical economy. In the 20th century, prefabricated buildings in North America were mainly used in low-rise non-seismic fortified areas. Due to the impact of earthquakes in the California area, in recent years, great attention has been paid to the research on engineering application technology of earthquake resistance and mid-high-rise prefabricated structures. PCI recently published the book "Seismic Design of Prefabricated Concrete Structures", which systematically analyzes the seismic design of prefabricated buildings from the perspective of theory and practice, and summarizes the latest scientific research achievements in the seismic design of prefabricated structures. Promotion has a strong guiding significance.

Europe is the birthplace of prefabricated buildings, and the road to industrialization of buildings began as early as the 17th century. After the Second World War, due to the shortage of labor resources, Europe further studied and explored the industrialization model of construction. Whether it is economically developed Northern Europe, Western Europe, or economically underdeveloped Eastern Europe, they have been actively promoting the design and construction of prefabricated concrete buildings. Accumulated a lot of experience in the design and construction of prefabricated buildings, formed various special prefabricated building systems and standardized general prefabricated product series, and compiled a series of precast concrete engineering standards and application manuals, which played a role in promoting the application of precast concrete in the world very important role.

Drawing on the successful experience of Europe and the United States, Japan and South Korea have made breakthroughs in the overall seismic and isolation design of prefabricated structural systems on the basis of exploring the standardized design and construction of prefabricated buildings and combining their own requirements. Representative achievements are the two 58-story Tokyo Towers built in Japan in 2008 using prefabricated frame structures. At the same time, the standard specifications for the design, production and construction of precast concrete building systems in Japan are also very complete. The prefabricated specifications currently in use include "Precast Concrete Engineering" (JASSl0) and "Concrete Curtain Wall) (JASSl4).

Prefabricated concrete buildings and masonry buildings with prefabricated hollow-core slabs have become the two most important building systems, with an application penetration rate of over 70%. Due to the many limitations and deficiencies in the functions and physical properties of prefabricated buildings, my country's prefabricated concrete building design and construction technology research and development level cannot keep up with social needs and changes in the development of construction technology. By the mid-1990s, prefabricated concrete buildings had been gradually replaced by all-cast-in-place concrete building systems. At present, except for prefabricated single-storey industrial plant building systems, other prefabricated building systems are rarely used in engineering applications. Insufficient research on the anti-seismic integrity of prefabricated structures and professional design and construction management results in poor technical and economic efficiency. This is the root cause of the long-term stagnation of prefabricated structures.

Between 1940 and 1942, British P.W. Eberlis first proposed to use the prestressed thin slab as a formwork in the lower part and form a whole with the cast-in-place concrete in the upper part. From the late 1940s to the early 1950s, Britain, the Soviet Union, Switzerland, Sweden, France, Poland, Austria and other countries began to adopt this type of floor. It developed rapidly in the 1960s and 1970s, especially in France and the Federal Republic of Germany, and has been widely used in various housing constructions. Trial production was carried out in China in 1980. After structural tests with various spans and different loads, it was first used in the 27-storey Xiyuan Hotel project in Beijing in 1981, with an area of about 20,000 square meters. Since then, it has been promoted in some high-rise tourist hotels, office buildings, diplomatic apartments, warehouses and other projects.

From the research and application experience at home and abroad, prefabricated frame structure, prefabricated shear wall structure, prefabricated frame-cast-in-place shear wall (core tube) structure system can be used. The load-bearing components in the structure can be all prefabricated components or a combination of prefabricated and cast-in-place components. Among them, the prefabricated assembly shear wall structure can be divided into fully prefabricated shear wall structure, partial prefabricated shear wall structure and multi-layer shear wall structure with appropriately reduced structural performance requirements. Prefabricated assembled frame structure and prefabricated assembled frame-cast-in-place shear wall (core tube) frame, beams and columns are all prefabricated components, and the joints and joints between load-bearing components are in accordance with the requirements of the same cast-in-place structure design and construction. The structural system has the same performance as the cast-in-place structure, and the applicable height, seismic level and design method of the structure are basically the same as the cast-in-place structure. Fully prefabricated shear wall structure means that all shear walls are assembled and assembled with prefabricated components. The joints between the prefabricated walls are basically equal to or slightly lower than the cast-in-place structures. It is necessary to meet the bearing capacity and deformation requirements of the joints through design calculations, and consider the impact of the joints in the overall structural analysis. The prefabrication rate of this structural system is high, but the connection structure of the joints is relatively complicated, and the construction is difficult. It is difficult to ensure that it is completely equivalent to the cast-in-place shear wall structure. The current research and engineering practice are not sufficient. The promotion in the earthquake zone Applications require further research work.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above existing technical problems, the present invention provides a prefabricated concrete embedded prefabricated column and prefabricated balcony. Type concrete embedded prefabricated columns and prefabricated balconies can effectively solve the problems of difficult transportation, cumbersome construction, long construction period, and waste of materials.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

An assembled concrete embedded prefabricated column and prefabricated balcony, including a prefabricated column (5) and a prefabricated balcony, the prefabricated column (5) includes a first rectangular groove (9), a second rectangular groove (10), a longitudinal direction of the prefabricated column Steel bars (13), stirrups (14); the prefabricated balcony includes the first cuboid concrete structure (3) of the prefabricated balcony, the second cuboid concrete structure (4) of the prefabricated balcony, the concrete slab of the prefabricated balcony (1), and the longitudinal steel bar of the prefabricated balcony (11), prefabricated balcony horizontal reinforcement (12), prefabricated balcony reserved square hole groove (2); the first rectangular groove (9) at the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated column (5) and the first cuboid concrete structure of the prefabricated balcony (3 ) with embedded connection, the second rectangular groove (10) at the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated column (5) is embedded with the second rectangular concrete structure (4) of the prefabricated balcony; the wall between two adjacent prefabricated columns (5) (6) Arrange square holes (7) reserved for the walls horizontally on the upper side, and reserve square holes (7) for the walls (7) through the connectors and prefabricated balcony concrete slabs (1) and reserve square holes (2) for the prefabricated balcony on the bottom surface The prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1) is arranged inside the prefabricated balcony longitudinal reinforcement (11) and the prefabricated balcony transverse reinforcement (12); the four corners of the prefabricated column (5) are respectively arranged with the prefabricated column longitudinal reinforcement (13), and the prefabricated column Longitudinal reinforcing bars (13) are connected by stirrups (14).

Further, the connecting piece is a prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member (8), one end of which is fitted with the square hole (7) reserved in the wall, and the other end is fitted with the square hole (2) of the prefabricated balcony .

Further, four square hole slots (7) reserved in the wall are arranged at equal intervals between the two adjacent prefabricated columns (5); the square hole slots ( 2) The number is four.

Further, the first rectangular hole (9) is located at the center of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated column (5), the height of the first rectangular hole (9) is 500-800mm, and the first rectangular hole (9) The vertical distance between the length and width boundaries and the stirrup (14) is greater than 50mm.

Further, the second rectangular hole (10) is located at the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated column (5) close to the prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1), the height of the second rectangular hole (10) is 200~300mm, the first The vertical distance between the left and right ends of the two rectangular holes (10) and the stirrup (14) is greater than 80mm.

Further, the height of the first cuboid concrete structure (3) of the prefabricated balcony is consistent with the height of the first rectangular hole (9), and the length and width dimensions of the first cuboid concrete structure (3) of the prefabricated balcony are smaller than The length and width of the first rectangular slot (9) are 10-20 mm.

Further, the height of the second rectangular concrete structure (4) of the prefabricated balcony is consistent with the height of the second rectangular hole (10), and the length and width dimensions of the second rectangular concrete structure (4) of the prefabricated balcony are smaller than The length and width of the second rectangular slot (10) are 10-20 mm.

Further, the depth of the reserved square hole (7) in the wall is greater than 3/4 of the thickness of the wall (6), and the section length and width of the reserved square hole (7) in the wall are 150-250mm .

Further, the height of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole (2) is greater than 1/2 of the thickness of the prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1), and the section length and width of the prefabricated balcony reserved square hole (2) are 150 ~250mm.

Further, the length of the prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member (8) is greater than 1/2 of the length of the prefabricated balcony concrete slab (1), and the cross-sectional dimensions of the two ends of the prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete flexural member (8) are less than The cross-sectional size of the square hole (2) reserved for the prefabricated balcony is 10-20 mm.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The effects and advantages of the invention are high bearing capacity, convenient construction, fast construction speed, good economic effect, convenient transportation, shortened working hours and reduced cost.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of the prefabricated concrete embedded prefabricated column and the prefabricated balcony.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the facade of the prefabricated concrete embedded prefabricated column and the prefabricated balcony.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view along line A-A of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view along line B-B of FIG. 2 .

In the figure, 1 is the concrete slab of the prefabricated balcony; 2 is the square hole reserved for the prefabricated balcony; 3 is the first cuboid concrete structure of the prefabricated balcony; 4 is the second cuboid concrete structure of the prefabricated balcony; 5 is the prefabricated column; 6 is the wall; 7 is the square hole reserved for the wall; 8 is the prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete bending member; 9 is the first rectangular hole; 10 is the second rectangular hole; 11 is the prefabricated balcony longitudinal reinforcement; 12 is the prefabricated balcony horizontal reinforcement ; 13 is the longitudinal reinforcement of the prefabricated column; 14 is the stirrup.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example

As shown in Figures 1-4, a prefabricated concrete embedded prefabricated column and a prefabricated balcony of the present invention include a prefabricated column 5 and a prefabricated balcony, and the prefabricated column 5 includes a first rectangular groove 9, a second rectangular groove 10, Prefabricated column longitudinal reinforcement 13 and stirrup 14, the first rectangular groove 9 at the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated column 5 is embedded and connected with the first cuboid concrete structure 3 of the prefabricated balcony, and the second rectangular groove 10 at the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated column 5 is connected with the The second cuboid concrete structure 4 of the prefabricated balcony is mated and connected; the prefabricated balcony includes the first cuboid concrete structure 3 of the prefabricated balcony, the second cuboid concrete structure 4 of the prefabricated balcony, the concrete slab 1 of the prefabricated balcony, the longitudinal steel bar 11 of the prefabricated balcony, and the horizontal direction of the prefabricated balcony Steel bars 12, square holes 2 reserved for prefabricated balconies; square holes 7 reserved for the wall are arranged laterally along the wall 6, and four square holes 7 reserved for walls are arranged at equal intervals between two adjacent prefabricated columns 5; The four connectors 8 are prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete bending members, one end of which is fitted with the square hole 7 reserved in the wall, and the other end is fitted with the square hole 2 of the prefabricated balcony. The center of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated column 5 is Reserve the first rectangular hole 9 with a height of 500-800mm, and the vertical distance between the length and width boundary and the stirrup 14 is greater than 50mm. The upper and lower ends of the prefabricated column 5 are near the prefabricated balcony. The vertical distance between the end and the stirrup 14 is greater than the second rectangular hole 10 of 80mm, the height of the first cuboid concrete structure 3 of the prefabricated balcony is consistent with the first rectangular hole 9, and the length and width dimensions are reduced by 10~20mm, the prefabricated balcony The second The height of the second cuboid concrete structure 4 is consistent with the second rectangular hole 10, and the length and width dimensions are reduced by 10-20mm. The depth of the square hole 7 reserved for the wall is greater than 3/4 of the thickness of the wall 6, and the length and width of the section are respectively 150~250mm, the height of the square hole groove 2 reserved for the prefabricated balcony is greater than 1/2 of the thickness of the prefabricated balcony concrete slab 1, the length and width of the section are 150~250mm, and the length of the prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete bending member 8 is longer than the prefabricated balcony concrete 1/2 of the length of the board 1, and the cross-sectional dimensions at both ends are 10-20 mm smaller than the size of the square hole 2 reserved for the prefabricated balcony.

The first rectangular concrete structure 3 of the prefabricated balcony and the second rectangular concrete structure 4 of the prefabricated balcony are respectively fitted with the first rectangular hole 9 and the second rectangular hole 10 of the prefabricated column, and are sealed with cement mortar after installation. The prefabricated L-shaped reinforced concrete bending member 8 is fitted with the reserved hole groove 7 of the wall and the reserved square hole groove 2 of the prefabricated balcony, and is sealed with cement mortar after installation.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete and prefabricated balcony, including prefabricated post（5）And prefabricated balcony, its feature exist In the prefabricated post（5）Including the first rectangular channel（9）, the second rectangular channel（10）, prefabricated post longitudinal reinforcement（13）, stirrup（14）； The prefabricated balcony includes prefabricated balcony the first cuboid concrete structure（3）, prefabricated balcony the second cuboid concrete structure （4）, prefabricated balcony concrete slab（1）, prefabricated balcony longitudinal reinforcement（11）, prefabricated balcony transverse steel（12）, prefabricated balcony it is pre- Stay square hole slot（2）；The prefabricated post（5）First rectangular channel of upper and lower ends（9）With the first rectangular body concrete of prefabricated balcony Structure（3）Coordinate embedded connection, the prefabricated post（5）Second rectangular channel of upper and lower ends（10）With the cuboid of prefabricated balcony second Concrete structure（4）Coordinate embedded connection；Adjacent two prefabricated post（5）Between wall（6）Upper lateral arrangement wall is reserved square Hole slot（7）, wall reserves square hole slot（7）Pass through connector and prefabricated balcony concrete slab（1）The prefabricated balcony of bottom surface is reserved Square hole slot（2）It is mutually chimeric；Prefabricated balcony concrete slab（1）Inside arrangement prefabricated balcony longitudinal reinforcement（11）It is horizontal with prefabricated balcony To reinforcing bar（12）；Prefabricated post（5）Four corners be respectively arranged prefabricated post longitudinal reinforcement（13）, prefabricated post longitudinal reinforcement（13）It is logical Cross stirrup（14）It is connected.

2. a kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete according to claim 1 and prefabricated balcony, it is characterised in that institute The connector stated is prefabricated L-shaped Reinforced Concrete Members with Flexure（8）, its one end and wall reserve square hole slot（7）It is chimeric, it is another End and the square hole slot of prefabricated balcony（2）It is chimeric.

3. a kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete according to claim 1 and prefabricated balcony, it is characterised in that institute Adjacent two prefabricated post stated（5）Between be equally spaced four walls and reserve square hole slot（7）；Square hole slot is reserved with wall（7） The square hole slot of connected prefabricated balcony（2）Quantity also be four.

4. a kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete according to claim 1 and prefabricated balcony, it is characterised in that institute The the first rectangle hole slot stated（9）Positioned at prefabricated post（5）The centre of upper and lower ends, the first rectangle hole slot（9）Height be 500 ~ 800mm, the first rectangle hole slot（9）Length and width border away from stirrup（14）Vertical range be more than 50mm.

5. a kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete according to claim 1 and prefabricated balcony, it is characterised in that institute The the second rectangle hole slot stated（10）Positioned at prefabricated post（5）Upper and lower ends are close to prefabricated balcony concrete slab（1）Position, the second square Shape hole slot（10）Height be 200 ~ 300mm, the second rectangle hole slot（10）Left and right ends away from stirrup（14）Vertical range it is big In 80mm.

6. a kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete according to claim 1 and prefabricated balcony, it is characterised in that institute Prefabricated balcony the first cuboid concrete structure stated（3）Height and the first rectangle hole slot（9）Height it is consistent, prefabricated sun Platform the first cuboid concrete structure（3）Length and width direction size be respectively less than the first rectangle hole slot（9）10 ~ 20mm of length and width.

7. a kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete according to claim 1 and prefabricated balcony, it is characterised in that institute Prefabricated balcony the second cuboid concrete structure stated（4）Height and the second rectangle hole slot（10）Height it is consistent, it is prefabricated Balcony the second cuboid concrete structure（4）Length and width direction size be respectively less than the second rectangle hole slot（10）Length and width 10 ~ 20mm。

8. a kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete according to claim 1 and prefabricated balcony, it is characterised in that institute The wall stated reserves square hole slot（7）Depth be more than wall（6）The 3/4 of thickness, wall reserve square hole slot（7）Section Length and width size is 150 ~ 250mm.

9. a kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete according to claim 1 and prefabricated balcony, it is characterised in that institute The prefabricated balcony stated reserves square hole slot（2）Height be more than prefabricated balcony concrete slab（1）The 1/2 of thickness, prefabricated balcony is pre- Stay square hole slot（2）Section length and width size be 150 ~ 250mm.

10. a kind of embedded prefabricated post of assembly concrete according to claim 1 and prefabricated balcony, it is characterised in that Described prefabricated L-shaped Reinforced Concrete Members with Flexure（8）Length be more than prefabricated balcony concrete slab（1）The 1/2 of length, it is prefabricated L-shaped Reinforced Concrete Members with Flexure（8）Both ends sectional dimension reserve square hole slot less than prefabricated balcony（2）Sectional dimension 10 ~20mm。