CN107812153A - 治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物、包含其的乳膏及制备方法 - Google Patents
治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物、包含其的乳膏及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107812153A CN107812153A CN201711122058.3A CN201711122058A CN107812153A CN 107812153 A CN107812153 A CN 107812153A CN 201711122058 A CN201711122058 A CN 201711122058A CN 107812153 A CN107812153 A CN 107812153A
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Abstract
本发明提供一种治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物,以雷公藤、生马前子、生川乌、生草乌、羌活、独活、防风、水蛭、土元、乳香和没药为君药,雷公藤、生川乌、生草乌和生马前子主止痛,能够快速消除风湿性疾病引起的疼痛,羌活和独活,通达上下,将药物的有效成分引至病变部位,消除风湿性疾病引起的手痛、脚痛等症状,通过诸药的配伍,达到祛风、通络、活血化瘀、止痛的效果;以穿山甲、血竭和阿魏为臣药,与君药配伍,起到软坚散结的作用,进一步缓解风湿性疾病引起的疼痛和其他症状;以霜桑叶、连翅和七叶一枝花等为佐药,以桂枝、甘草等以使药,佐药清热解毒,使药降低君药的毒性,补引纠合;通过君臣佐使相互配伍,快速止痛,根治风湿性疾病。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医药领域,具体涉及一种治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物、包含其的乳膏及其制备方法。
背景技术
风湿性疾病是一组以内科治疗为主的肌肉骨骼系统疾病,包括弥漫性结缔组织病及各种病因引起的关节和关节周围软组织,包括肌肉、肌腱、韧带等的疾病。
多数风湿性疾病呈慢性病程,同一疾病在不同个体或不同时期临床表现可能有较大差异。病程呈反复发作与缓解。(1)疼痛综合征:关节、肌肉、肌腱疼痛相当普遍,四肢大小关节均可累及,以对称性关节痛居多。晨僵和雷诺征是重要的伴随症状。(2)皮肤表现:多数患者有皮肤改变,系特异性或非特异性。表现多样,荨麻疹、环形红斑、多形红斑、结节性红斑、面部红斑等。(3)眼部表现:眼部症状可先于全身症状数月或数年出现。有的则成为病程中的突出表现,病变可累及角膜、视网膜、色素层、症状有眼部干燥、眼内压增高、白内障、眶肌炎、眼肌麻痹、视力减退甚至失明。(4)肺部表现:吸困难是常见主诉,原因有肺炎、嗜酸细胞肺部浸润、肺出血、局灶性肉芽肿形成、纤维化性肺泡炎、间质性肺炎和胸腔积液。(5)消化系统表现:由于基本病理改变是广泛的小血管炎,消化系统受累范围亦广泛,如胃肠道出血,穿孔或肠梗阻。(6)心血管系统表现:心肌、心内膜、心包、传导系统、动静脉均可受累。(7)肾脏表现:肾病变相当普遍,有肾间质炎症、纤维化、膜性肾病、肾小球基底膜增厚等;出现浮肿、多尿或少尿、蛋白尿、高血压和急慢性肾功衰竭。
风湿性疾病最常见的表现为关节、肌肉等部位的疼痛的症状,所以治疗风湿性疾病的首要任务是缓解疼痛,继而缓解各种并发症,从根本上治疗风湿性疾病。
发明内容
为了治疗风湿性疾病,本发明提供一种首先快速缓解风湿引起的疼痛的症状,然后缓解风湿性疾病的各类并发症,最终达到从根本上治疗风湿性疾病的目的。
本发明的目的是提供一种治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法。
根据本发明具体实施方式的治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物,包括以下重量份的组分:雷公藤145-155份、生川乌95-100份、生草乌95-100份、生马前子145-155份、忍冬藤40-50份、土伏苓40-50份、白薇40-50份、连翅40-50份、洋金花35-40份、蜈蚣25-35份、全蝎25-35份、水蛭25-35份、土元25-35份、七叶一枝花70-80份、乳香70-80份、没药70-80份、羌活45-55份、独活45-55份、熟地40-50份、桂枝45-55份、霜桑叶35-40份、莪木20-30份、苏木20-30份、穿山甲35-40份、血竭35-40份、阿魏30-40份、透骨草35-40份和防风35-45份。
根据本发明具体实施方式的治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物,优选地,还包括甘草10-20份。
根据本发明具体实施方式的治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物,优选地,包括以下重量份的组分:雷公藤150份、生川乌98份、生草乌98份、生马前子150份、忍冬藤45份、土伏苓45份、白薇45份、连翅45份、洋金花38份、蜈蚣30份、全蝎30份、水蛭30份、土元30份、七叶一枝花75份、乳香75份、没药75份、羌活50份、独活50份、熟地45份、桂枝50份、霜桑叶38份、莪木25份、苏木25份、穿山甲38份、血竭38份、阿魏35份、透骨草38份、防风40份和甘草15份。
根据本发明具体实施方式所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏,所述中药乳膏由包括以上中药组合物制备得到。
根据本发明具体实施方式所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)先将原料进行前处理;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到处理过的原料进行分类,将原料分为动物类原料和植物类原料,所述蜈蚣、全蝎、水蛭、土元为动物类原料,剩余为植物类原料,将植物类原料进行粉碎,得到原料粉;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的原料粉和动物类原料加入3-5倍重量的白酒中,密封浸泡3-4年,微波提取2-3小时,过滤,浓缩至膏状,杀菌,得到所述治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏。
根据本发明具体实施方式所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,优选地,步骤(1)中,所述前处理为:将药材在体积分数为50-95%的酒精中清洗,除去杂物。
根据本发明具体实施方式所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,优选地,步骤(2)中,所述原料粉的粒径为4-18目。
根据本发明具体实施方式所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,优选地,步骤(3)中,所述白酒的度数为55-70度。
根据本发明具体实施方式所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,优选地,步骤(3)中,所述过滤的具体步骤为:先使用孔径为1-2mm的滤网过滤,得到滤液,然后将得到的滤液在压力为0.02-0.04MPa,滤膜孔径为1-20μm的条件下进行抽滤。
为了去除最终的乳膏中的杂质,最大程度保留药物的有效成分,提高乳膏的纯净度,将浸泡过的混合物进行过滤,先用孔径较大的滤网除去药物残渣,然后用孔径较小的滤膜进行抽滤,去除其中的病菌以及小粒径的药物残渣,得到的乳膏质地细腻,提高乳膏的使用性能。
根据本发明具体实施方式所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,优选地,步骤(3)中,所述治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的相对密度为1-1.2。
本发明提供的中药组合物还能够制备成酒剂、喷剂、油膏等临床适合外用的剂型,用于治疗风湿性疾病。
为了便于理解,本发明对部分原料的功效作进一步说明。
雷公藤,拉丁学名:Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.,味苦、辛,性凉,大毒。归肝、肾经。功效祛风除湿、通络止痛、消肿止痛、解毒杀虫。用于湿热结节、癌瘤积毒,临床上用其治疗麻风反应、类风湿性关节炎等,有抗肿瘤、抗炎等作用。
生川乌,拉丁学名:RadixAconiti,辛、苦,热;有大毒。归心、肝、肾、脾经。祛风除湿,温经止痛。用于风寒湿痹、关节疼痛、心腹冷痛、寒疝作痛。用于治疗风寒湿痹、关节疼痛等病症。生川乌酊外用能刺激皮肤,继而产生麻木感,故外用作某些神经痛及风湿的镇痛剂。
生草乌,辛、苦,热;有大毒。归心、肝、肾、脾经,祛风除湿,温经止痛。用于风寒湿痹,关节疼痛,心腹冷痛,寒疝作痛,麻醉止痛。
生马前子,苦,温;有大毒。归肝、脾经。功能与主治:通络止痛,散结消肿。用于风湿顽痹,麻木瘫痪,跌扑损伤,痈疽肿痛;小儿麻痹后遗症,类风湿性关节痛。
忍冬藤,甘,温,无毒,归肺经,胃经。清热解毒,疏风通络。用于温病发热,热毒血痢,痈肿疮疡,风湿热痹,关节红肿热痛。
羌活和独活,性味辛,苦,温,归膀胱经,肾经。羌活和独活都能祛风湿止痛,发汗解表,用治风寒湿痹证以及外感风寒湿表症,但羌活气味雄烈,主膀胱经,发散解表力强,能直上巅顶,横行肢臂,善治上部风邪,故在上在表的风湿痹痛多用,独活气味较淡,性质也较和缓,主入肾经,偏下行入里,长于祛腰膝筋骨间风湿,善治在下在里之风湿痹痛,且祛风湿力强,是治风湿痹痛之常用要药,但解表之力不如羌活。
防风,气味甘温,无毒。主大风头眩痛,恶风风邪,目盲无所见,风行周身,骨节疼痛烦满。久服轻身。
水蛭,味咸、苦,气平、微寒,有毒。善祛积瘀坚瘕。治伤寒之瘀血发黄也。治折伤,利水道,通月信,堕妊娠,亦必用之药。蓄血不化,舍此安除乎。
土元,咸,寒;有小毒。归肝经。破瘀血,续筋骨。用于筋骨折伤,瘀血经闭,症瘕痞块。下瘀血,消症瘕,疗折伤:用于血瘀经闭、跌打损伤及症瘕肿块。散瘀止痛:用于血瘀引起的肝脾肿痛及腰肌劳损、扭伤。
乳香,味辛、苦,气温,阳也,无毒。入脾、肺、心、肝、肾五脏。疗诸般恶疮及风水肿毒,定诸经卒痛并心腹急疼。亦入散膏,止痛长肉。更催生产。且理风邪,内外科皆可用。
没药,味苦、辛。能主打损,心腹血瘀,伤折跌,筋骨瘀痛,金刃所损,痛不可忍。
血竭,味辛、咸,气平,有小毒。入肾。治跌打伤损,消恶毒痈疽,专破积血,引脓,驱邪气止痛,外科多用之。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明以雷公藤、马前子、生川乌、生草乌、羌活、独活、防风、水蛭、土元、乳香和没药为君药,雷公藤、生川乌、生草乌和生马前子主止痛,能够快速消除风湿性疾病引起的疼痛,羌活和独活,通达上下,将药物的有效成分引至病变部位,消除风湿性疾病引起的手痛、脚痛等症状,通过诸药的配伍,达到祛风、通络、活血化瘀、止痛的效果;以穿山甲、血竭和阿魏为臣药,与君药配伍,起到软坚散结的作用,进一步缓解风湿性疾病引起的疼痛和其他症状;以霜桑叶、连翅和七叶一枝花等为佐药,以桂枝、甘草等以使药,佐药清热解毒,使药降低君药的毒性,补引纠合;本发明提供的治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物通过君臣佐使相互配伍,快速止痛,并且根治风湿性疾病。
本发明提供的方法,通过使用白酒长期浸泡原料,结合现代微波提取工艺,充分提取原料中的药物有效成分,提升药效,质地细腻,使用方便。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式,都属于本发明所保护的范围。
实施例1
治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏,包括以下重量的原料:雷公藤145g、生川乌95g、生草乌95g、生马前子145g、忍冬藤40g、土伏苓40g、白薇40g、连翅40g、洋金花35g、蜈蚣25g、全蝎25g、水蛭25g、土元25g、七叶一枝花70g、乳香70g、没药70g、羌活45g、独活45g、熟地40g、桂枝45g、霜桑叶35g、莪木20g、苏木20g、穿山甲35g、血竭35g、阿魏30g、透骨草35g和防风35g。
上述治疗风湿性疾病的中药膏药的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)先将原料进行前处理,清理干净,得到干净的原料;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的干净的原料进行分类,将原料分为动物类原料和植物类原料,所述蜈蚣、全蝎、水蛭、土元为动物类原料,剩余为植物类原料,将植物类原料进行粉碎,得到原料粉;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的原料粉和动物类原料加入3倍重量的白酒中,密封浸泡3年,微波提取2小时,过滤,浓缩至膏状,杀菌,得到所述治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏。
实施例2
治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏,包括以下重量的原料:雷公藤155g、生川乌100g、生草乌100g、生马前子155g、忍冬藤50g、土伏苓50g、白薇50g、连翅50g、洋金花40g、蜈蚣35g、全蝎35g、水蛭35g、土元35g、七叶一枝花80g、乳香80g、没药80g、羌活55g、独活55g、熟地50g、桂枝55g、霜桑叶40g、莪木30g、苏木30g、穿山甲40g、血竭40g、阿魏40g、透骨草40g和防风45g。
上述治疗风湿性疾病的中药膏药的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)先将原料进行前处理,清理干净,得到干净的原料;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的干净的原料进行分类,将原料分为动物类原料和植物类原料,所述蜈蚣、全蝎、水蛭、土元为动物类原料,剩余为植物类原料,将植物类原料进行粉碎,得到原料粉;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的原料粉和动物类原料加入5倍重量的白酒中,密封浸泡4年,微波提取3小时,过滤,浓缩至膏状,杀菌,得到所述治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏。
实施例3
治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏,包括以下重量的原料:雷公藤155g、生川乌100g、生草乌100g、生马前子155g、忍冬藤50g、土伏苓50g、白薇50g、连翅50g、洋金花40g、蜈蚣35g、全蝎35g、水蛭35g、土元35g、七叶一枝花80g、乳香80g、没药80g、羌活55g、独活55g、熟地50g、桂枝55g、霜桑叶40g、莪木30g、苏木30g、穿山甲40g、血竭40g、阿魏40g、透骨草40g、防风45g和甘草10g。
上述治疗风湿性疾病的中药膏药的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)先将原料在体积分数为50%的酒精中清洗干净,得到干净的原料;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的干净的原料进行分类,将原料分为动物类原料和植物类原料,所述蜈蚣、全蝎、水蛭、土元为动物类原料,剩余为植物类原料,将植物类原料进行粉碎,得到原料粉,所述原料粉的粒径为4目;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的原料粉和动物类原料加入3倍重量的白酒中,所述白酒的度数为55度,密封浸泡3年,微波提取2小时,先使用孔径为1mm的滤网过滤,得到滤液,然后将得到的滤液在压力为0.02MPa,滤膜孔径为1μm的条件下进行抽滤,浓缩至膏状,杀菌,得到所述治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏,所述中药乳膏的相对密度为1。
实施例4
治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏,包括以下重量的原料:雷公藤155g、生川乌100g、生草乌100g、生马前子155g、忍冬藤50g、土伏苓50g、白薇50g、连翅50g、洋金花40g、蜈蚣35g、全蝎35g、水蛭35g、土元35g、七叶一枝花80g、乳香80g、没药80g、羌活55g、独活55g、熟地50g、桂枝55g、霜桑叶40g、莪木30g、苏木30g、穿山甲40g、血竭40g、阿魏40g、透骨草40g、防风45g和甘草20g。
上述治疗风湿性疾病的中药膏药的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)先将原料在体积分数为95%的酒精中清洗干净,得到干净的原料;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的干净的原料进行分类,将原料分为动物类原料和植物类原料,所述蜈蚣、全蝎、水蛭、土元为动物类原料,剩余为植物类原料,将植物类原料进行粉碎,得到原料粉,所述原料粉的粒径为18目;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的原料粉和动物类原料加入4倍重量的白酒中,所述白酒的度数为70度,密封浸泡3.5年,微波提取2.5小时,先使用孔径为2mm的滤网过滤,得到滤液,然后将得到的滤液在压力为0.04MPa,滤膜孔径为20μm的条件下进行抽滤,浓缩至膏状,杀菌,得到所述治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏,所述中药乳膏的相对密度为1.2。
实施例5
治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏,包括以下重量的原料:雷公藤150g、生川乌98g、生草乌98g、生马前子150g、忍冬藤45g、土伏苓45g、白薇45g、连翅45g、洋金花38g、蜈蚣30g、全蝎30g、水蛭30g、土元30g、七叶一枝花75g、乳香75g、没药75g、羌活50g、独活50g、熟地45g、桂枝50g、霜桑叶38g、莪木25g、苏木25g、穿山甲38g、血竭38g、阿魏35g、透骨草38g、防风40g和甘草15g。
上述治疗风湿性疾病的中药膏药的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)先将原料在体积分数为95%的酒精中清洗干净,得到干净的原料;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的干净的原料进行分类,将原料分为动物类原料和植物类原料,所述蜈蚣、全蝎、水蛭、土元为动物类原料,剩余为植物类原料,将植物类原料进行粉碎,得到原料粉,所述原料粉的粒径为18目;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的原料粉和动物类原料加入4倍重量的白酒中,所述白酒的度数为70度,密封浸泡3.5年,微波提取2.5小时,先使用孔径为2mm的滤网过滤,得到滤液,然后将得到的滤液在压力为0.04MPa,滤膜孔径为20μm的条件下进行抽滤,浓缩至膏状,杀菌,得到所述治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏,所述中药乳膏的相对密度为1.2。
试验例
选择120例风湿性疾病患者,其中,纤维肌痛患者36例,类风湿关节炎患者36例,脊柱关节病患者23例,急性痛风性关节炎患者25例。
纤维肌痛的临床表现为广泛分布的疼痛,包括中轴骨骼疼痛、左半身疼痛、右半身疼痛、腰部以上的疼痛、以及腰部以下的疼痛。
类风湿性关节炎的临床表现症状为晨僵持续至少一个小时,三个以上关节区的关节炎,手关节炎,影像学改变。
脊柱关节病的临床表现有炎性脊柱痛,滑膜炎等。
急性痛风性关节炎的临床表现为关节液中存在特征性的尿酸盐结晶或者通过化学方法或者偏振光显微镜证实痛风石中含有尿酸盐结晶,或者及新股敢接炎发作一次,在一天内炎症发展至高峰,可观察到关节变红等。
试验方法
取实施例5得到的中药乳膏,涂抹于患处,每天涂抹1-2次,七天为一个疗程,使用3-5个疗程,痊愈则停止用药。
疗效判断
治愈:经过3-5个疗程后,各症状及临床体征消失,其他客观检查指标基本正常;
显效:经过3-5个疗程后,各症状及临床体征减轻,其他客观检查指标明显改善;
无效:经过3-5个疗程后,各症状及临床体征无改善或加重,其他客观检查指标改善或加重。
有效率为治愈例与显效例之和与总例数的百分比。
治疗结果见表1。
表1治疗结果
疾病种类 | 治愈(例) | 显效(例) | 无效(例) | 有效率(%) |
纤维肌痛 | 16 | 12 | 8 | 77.8 |
类风湿关节炎 | 16 | 11 | 9 | 75 |
脊柱关节病 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 78.3 |
急性痛风性关节炎 | 14 | 6 | 5 | 80 |
总数(120例) | 56 | 37 | 27 | 77.5 |
从表1的结果可以看出,本发明提供的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏对风湿引发的纤维肌痛、类风湿性关节炎、脊柱关节炎和剂型痛风性关节炎具有良好的疗效,其中对纤维肌痛的有效率为77.8%,对类风湿关节炎的有效率为75%,对脊柱关节炎的有效率为78.3%,对急性痛风性关节炎的有效率为80%,对以上风湿性疾病的总有效率为77.5%。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:雷公藤145-155份、生川乌95-100份、生草乌95-100份、生马前子145-155份、忍冬藤40-50份、土伏苓40-50份、白薇40-50份、连翅40-50份、洋金花35-40份、蜈蚣25-35份、全蝎25-35份、水蛭25-35份、土元25-35份、七叶一枝花70-80份、乳香70-80份、没药70-80份、羌活45-55份、独活45-55份、熟地40-50份、桂枝45-55份、霜桑叶35-40份、莪木20-30份、苏木20-30份、穿山甲35-40份、血竭35-40份、阿魏30-40份、透骨草35-40份和防风35-45份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物,其特征在于,还包括:甘草10-20份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药组合物,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:雷公藤150份、生川乌98份、生草乌98份、生马前子150份、忍冬藤45份、土伏苓45份、白薇45份、连翅45份、洋金花38份、蜈蚣30份、全蝎30份、水蛭30份、土元30份、七叶一枝花75份、乳香75份、没药75份、羌活50份、独活50份、熟地45份、桂枝50份、霜桑叶38份、莪木25份、苏木25份、穿山甲38份、血竭38份、阿魏35份、透骨草38份、防风40份和甘草15份。
4.一种治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏,其特征在于,所述乳膏由权利要求1-3任一所述的中药组合物制备。
5.权利要求4所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)先将原料进行前处理;
(2)将步骤(1)中处理过的原料进行分类,将原料分为动物类原料和植物类原料,所述蜈蚣、全蝎、水蛭、土元为动物类原料,剩余为植物类原料,将植物类原料进行粉碎,得到原料粉;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的原料粉和动物类原料加入3-5倍重量的白酒中,密封浸泡3-4年,然后微波提取2-3小时,过滤,浓缩至膏状,杀菌,得到所述治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏。
6.根据权利要求5所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述前处理为:将原料在体积分数为50-95%的酒精中清洗,除去杂物。
7.根据权利要求5所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述原料粉的粒径为4-18目。
8.根据权利要求5所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述白酒的度数为55-70度。
9.根据权利要求5所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述过滤的具体步骤为:先使用孔径为1-2mm的滤网过滤,得到滤液,然后将得到的滤液在压力为0.02-0.04MPa,滤膜孔径为1-20μm的条件下进行抽滤。
10.根据权利要求5所述的治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述治疗风湿性疾病的中药乳膏的相对密度为1-1.2。
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