CN107805490B - Efficient biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107805490B CN107805490B CN201711056233.3A CN201711056233A CN107805490B CN 107805490 B CN107805490 B CN 107805490B CN 201711056233 A CN201711056233 A CN 201711056233A CN 107805490 B CN107805490 B CN 107805490B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of dust suppressants. The dust suppressant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: waste base materials: 5-10%, glycerol: 4-12%, anhydrous calcium acetate: 1-5%, surfactant: 1-4%, bactericidal liquid medicine: 0.5-1%, glutinous rice cross-linking agent: 0.02-0.08% and the balance of water. The dust suppressant disclosed by the invention has the effects of moistening, film forming, adsorbing, sterilizing and the like, can be biodegraded, cannot cause secondary pollution, has a good dust suppression effect, is harmless to human bodies and environment, is wide in application range and has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dust suppressant, in particular to a high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The construction site can produce a large amount of raise dusts often, can produce great pollution to constructor and surrounding environment, aggravates the haze. The main method for suppressing dust emission is to spray water, so that the dried dust is wetted by the water and is bonded into larger particles, and the dust is prevented from flying to a distance. But the binding force between the dust and the moisture is very weak, the moisture is evaporated quickly, and a good dust suppression effect cannot be achieved.
Most of the existing dust depressors adopt various chemical agents, but all have the problems of poor dust suppression effect, serious volatility, no biodegradation and secondary pollution.
Therefore, the design of the high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction has great practical value and popularization significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction, which can solve the problems in the prior art.
The invention provides a high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: waste base materials: 5-10%, glycerol: 4-12%, anhydrous calcium acetate: 1-5%, surfactant: 1-4%, bactericidal liquid medicine: 0.5-1%, glutinous rice cross-linking agent: 0.02-0.08%, and the balance of water; the sterilization liquid medicine is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight through alcohol extraction or decoction: 3-5 parts of purslane, 1-3 parts of houttuynia cordata, 3-6 parts of dandelion, 3-6 parts of sowthistle tasselflower herb, 1-3 parts of radix stemonae and 1-2 parts of radix ophiopogonis. The raw materials have the functions of resisting bacteria and killing viruses and a certain adsorption effect, and are beneficial to dust suppression and sterilization, so that the health of a human body and the environment is protected.
Preferably, the waste base material comprises one or more of waste rubber, wood chips, fruit shells and plant straws. The shell can be nut shell.
Preferably, the surfactant is a nonionic surfactant or a cationic surfactant or an anionic surfactant.
A preparation method of the high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the waste base material, and sieving the crushed waste base material by a 30-60-mesh sieve;
(2) preparing a sterilization liquid medicine;
(3) weighing the components in parts by weight;
(4) placing the sieved base material in a water kettle of a vacuum emulsifying machine, adding glycerol to obtain a suspension, then adding the sterilization liquid medicine, fully stirring at 40-80 ℃ at a rotating speed of 50-100r/min for 20-40min, and then transferring to an emulsifying kettle of the vacuum emulsifying machine;
(5) then adding anhydrous calcium acetate, a glutinous rice cross-linking agent and a surfactant into the emulsifying pot, and fully stirring for 30-90min at the rotating speed of 200-300 r/min;
(6) after adding supplemental water, starting a vacuum device, and fully stirring for 30-60min at the rotation speed of 400-0.06 MPa and the negative pressure of 0.04-0.06MPa to obtain the dust suppressant.
Preferably, in step (4), the mixture is fully stirred at the rotation speed of 80r/min for 20-40min at the temperature of 60 ℃.
Preferably, in step (5), the mixture is fully stirred at a rotation speed of 250r/min for 60 min.
Preferably, in step (6), the mixture is fully stirred at a rotation speed of 500r/min under a negative pressure of 0.05MPa for 45 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the dust suppressant disclosed by the invention has the effects of moistening, film forming, adsorbing, sterilizing and the like, can be biodegraded, cannot cause secondary pollution, has a good dust suppression effect, is harmless to human bodies and environment, is wide in application range and has a wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 1% of waste rubber, 3% of fruit shell, 4% of plant straw and glycerol: 8%, anhydrous calcium acetate: 2%, surfactant: 3%, sterilization liquid medicine: 0.6%, glutinous rice cross-linking agent: 0.05% and the balance of water.
The shell can be one or more of walnut shell, peanut shell and coconut shell.
The sterilization liquid medicine is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight through alcohol extraction: 5 parts of purslane, 2 parts of houttuynia cordata, 3 parts of dandelion, 4 parts of sowthistle tasselflower herb, 2 parts of radix stemonae and 1 part of radix ophiopogonis. The relative density of the sterilization liquid medicine is 1.02-1.10. Optionally, the relative density of the sterilization liquid medicine is 1.03.
The effects of various raw materials for preparing the sterilization liquid medicine are as follows:
purslane: cold in nature, sweet and sour in taste; enter heart, liver, spleen and large intestine meridians. Clearing away heat and toxic material, inducing diuresis and removing dampness, dissipating blood and detumescence, removing dust and sterilizing, diminishing inflammation and relieving pain, and stopping bleeding and cooling blood. Can be used for treating dysentery, enteritis, nephritis, puerperal metrorrhagia, hematochezia, mastitis, etc.
Houttuynia cordata: pungent flavor, cold and cool in nature, enter lung meridian. It has effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving swelling, treating sore, inducing diuresis, removing dampness, clearing away heat, relieving dysentery, invigorating stomach, and resolving food stagnation, and can be used for treating lung abscess, pyocutaneous disease, hemorrhoid hematochezia, and heat accumulation of spleen and stomach due to excess heat, heat toxin, dampness, and disease heat. Modern pharmacological experiments show that the product has antibacterial, antiviral, immunity improving, and diuretic effects.
Dandelion: sweet in taste, slightly bitter and cold in nature. Clear heat and remove toxicity, resolve swelling and dissipate nodulation. The main treatment is as follows: upper respiratory infection, conjunctivitis, epidemic parotitis, hyperglycemia, acute mastitis, gastritis, dysentery, hepatitis, gallbladder cyst, acute appendicitis, urinary system infection, pelvic inflammatory disease, carbuncle, furuncle, sore, pharyngitis, acute mastitis, lymphadenitis, scrofula, furunculosis, acute conjunctivitis, common cold with fever, acute tonsillitis, acute bronchitis, and urinary tract infection.
Japanese dock root grass: neutral in nature, bitter and slightly pungent in flavor, cool blood and remove toxicity, activate blood and dissipate blood stasis. Can be used for treating urinary system infection, pharyngolaryngitis, and sore.
Stemona root: sweet and bitter in taste, slightly warm in nature, entering lung meridian, having the effects of moistening lung, expelling qi, relieving cough and killing parasites, and mainly treating new and chronic cough, phthisis cough and pertussis; it is externally applied to the head louse, body louse, enterobiasis, pudendum pruritus, etc.
Radix ophiopogonis: the nature and taste functions are as follows: sweet, slightly bitter, cool, yin nourishing, fluid production promoting, lung moistening, cough relieving, heart fire clearing, and restlessness relieving. Can be used for treating febrile disease, impairment of body fluid, vexation, thirst, dry throat, lung heat, cough, and pulmonary tuberculosis.
The combination of the traditional Chinese medicines can effectively inhibit bacteria, enhance the wetting and adsorption characteristics of the dust suppressant and improve the dust suppression effect.
Example 2:
the invention provides a high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 3% of waste rubber, 5% of plant straw and glycerol: 10%, anhydrous calcium acetate: 3%, surfactant: 2%, sterilizing liquid medicine: 0.5%, glutinous rice crosslinking agent: 0.03 percent and the balance of water.
The plant stalk can be one or more of corn stalk, wheat stalk or rice stalk.
The sterilization liquid medicine is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of purslane, 2 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5 parts of dandelion, 5 parts of sowthistle tasselflower herb, 2 parts of radix stemonae and 1 part of radix ophiopogonis.
Example 3:
the invention provides a high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 5% of plant straw, glycerol: 10%, anhydrous calcium acetate: 3%, surfactant: 2%, sterilizing liquid medicine: 0.5%, glutinous rice crosslinking agent: 0.03 percent and the balance of water.
The sterilization liquid medicine is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of purslane, 2 parts of houttuynia cordata, 5 parts of dandelion, 5 parts of sowthistle tasselflower herb, 2 parts of radix stemonae and 1 part of radix ophiopogonis.
Example 4:
the invention provides a preparation method of a high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and grinding the waste base materials by adopting a crushing and grinding integrated machine, and then sieving the ground base materials by a 50-mesh sieve;
(2) preparing a sterilization liquid medicine;
(3) weighing the components in parts by weight;
(4) placing the sieved base material in a water kettle of a vacuum emulsifying machine, adding glycerol to obtain a suspension, then adding a sterilization liquid medicine, fully stirring at the rotating speed of 80r/min for 30min at the temperature of 60 ℃, and then transferring to an emulsifying kettle of the vacuum emulsifying machine;
(5) then adding anhydrous calcium acetate, a glutinous rice cross-linking agent and a surfactant into an emulsifying pot, and fully stirring at the rotating speed of 250r/min for 60 min;
(6) after water is added dropwise, a vacuum device is started, and the mixture is fully stirred for 45min at the rotating speed of 500r/min under the negative pressure of 0.05MPa, so that the dust suppressant is obtained.
Example 5:
the invention provides a preparation method of a high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the waste base material and sieving the crushed waste base material by a 60-mesh sieve;
(2) preparing a sterilization liquid medicine;
(3) weighing the components in parts by weight;
(4) placing the sieved base material in a water kettle of a vacuum emulsifying machine, adding glycerol to obtain a suspension, then adding a sterilization liquid medicine, fully stirring at the rotating speed of 60r/min for 25min at the temperature of 50 ℃, and then transferring to an emulsifying kettle of the vacuum emulsifying machine;
(5) then adding anhydrous calcium acetate, glutinous rice cross-linking agent and surfactant into an emulsifying pot, and fully stirring for 45min at the rotating speed of 200 r/min;
(6) after water is added, a vacuum device is started, and the mixture is fully stirred for 30min at the rotating speed of 450r/min under the negative pressure of 0.06MPa, so that the dust suppressant is obtained.
The alcohol extraction process of the step (2) comprises the following steps: weighing purslane, houttuynia cordata, dandelion, sowthistle tasselflower herb, stemona root and radix ophiopogonis according to the weight parts, drying, crushing, uniformly mixing, then adding water for soaking, boiling, filtering to obtain filtrate, adding ethanol into the filtrate, and carrying out alcohol precipitation and concentration to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
The dust suppressant prepared by the invention is diluted by 1-5 times by water according to the soil moisture degree of a building construction site, and is sprayed on the soil surface, so that the dust suppressant can form a film to adsorb raised dust, and the raised dust generated in the production processes of building construction, coal transportation, dust workshops and the like can be effectively suppressed. The biodegradation time of the dust suppressant in the environment is 60-70 days,
the dust suppressant can be diluted for use, the viscosity at 25 ℃ can reach 62mPa & s, the moisture retention time can reach 80 hours, the dust suppression efficiency can reach 99.8%, and the bacteriostasis rate is more than or equal to 92%.
The dust suppressant disclosed by the invention has the effects of moistening, film forming, adsorbing, sterilizing and the like, can be biodegraded, cannot cause secondary pollution, has a good dust suppression effect, is harmless to human bodies and environment, is wide in application range and has a wide application prospect.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction is characterized by being prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: waste base materials: 5-10%, glycerol: 4-12%, anhydrous calcium acetate: 1-5%, surfactant: 1-4%, bactericidal liquid medicine: 0.5-1%, glutinous rice cross-linking agent: 0.02-0.08%, and the balance of water; the waste base material comprises one or more of waste rubber, sawdust, fruit shells and plant straws; the sterilization liquid medicine is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight through alcohol extraction or decoction: 3-5 parts of purslane, 1-3 parts of houttuynia cordata, 3-6 parts of dandelion, 3-6 parts of sowthistle tasselflower herb, 1-3 parts of radix stemonae and 1-2 parts of radix ophiopogonis.
2. The highly effective biodegradable dust suppressant according to claim 1, wherein said surfactant is a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant or an anionic surfactant.
3. The highly efficient biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bactericidal liquid medicine is prepared from the following raw materials by weight through alcohol extraction or decoction: 5 parts of purslane, 2 parts of houttuynia cordata, 3 parts of dandelion, 4 parts of sowthistle tasselflower herb, 2 parts of radix stemonae and 1 part of radix ophiopogonis.
4. The preparation method of the high-efficiency biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) crushing the waste base material, and sieving the crushed waste base material by a 30-60-mesh sieve;
(2) preparing a sterilization liquid medicine;
(3) weighing the components in parts by weight;
(4) placing the sieved base material in a water kettle of a vacuum emulsifying machine, adding glycerol to obtain a suspension, then adding the sterilization liquid medicine, fully stirring at 40-80 ℃ at a rotating speed of 50-100r/min for 20-40min, and then transferring to an emulsifying kettle of the vacuum emulsifying machine;
(5) then adding anhydrous calcium acetate, a glutinous rice cross-linking agent and a surfactant into the emulsifying pot, and fully stirring for 30-90min at the rotating speed of 200-300 r/min;
(6) after adding supplemental water, starting a vacuum device, and fully stirring for 30-60min at the rotation speed of 400-0.06 MPa and the negative pressure of 0.04-0.06MPa to obtain the dust suppressant.
5. The method for preparing the highly effective biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step (4), the mixture is fully stirred at a rotation speed of 80r/min for 20-40min at 60 ℃.
6. The method for preparing the highly effective biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction according to claim 5, wherein in the step (5), the mixture is sufficiently stirred at a rotation speed of 250r/min for 60 min.
7. The method for preparing the highly effective biodegradable dust suppressant for building construction as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step (6), the mixture is sufficiently stirred at a rotation speed of 500r/min under a negative pressure of 0.05MPa for 45 min.
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