CN107801622A - A kind of soilless culture method - Google Patents
A kind of soilless culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107801622A CN107801622A CN201711157238.5A CN201711157238A CN107801622A CN 107801622 A CN107801622 A CN 107801622A CN 201711157238 A CN201711157238 A CN 201711157238A CN 107801622 A CN107801622 A CN 107801622A
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- nutrient solution
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- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 159
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 55
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000015210 Fockea angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000186654 Fockea angustifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
- B05B1/10—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in the form of a fine jet, e.g. for use in wind-screen washers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
- B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
- B05B9/04—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
- B05B9/0403—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of soilless culture method, belong to field of plant growing technology, this method is that plant culture hydraulic coupling is brought up into 4~7Mpa using high-pressure micro-mist pump, then the nutrient solution after pressurization is passed through into high-pressure transfusion tube pipelined, feeding terminal is atomized by fog spray-head, produces 0.3~1.5 micron of micro- mist in plantation box cavity, micro- mist forms micro- mist space of lasting diffusion or interval diffusion, exposed root system of plant is inserted into micro- mist space, the method cultivated to plant.It instead of soil environment with artificial creation's crop root environment.Can effectively solve insoluble moisture, air, the contradiction of nutrient supply in conventional soil cultivation.And control detecting system is configured with, control humidity that can be good in the key element of plant growth, temperature, moisture, air, nutrient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, micro- mist cultural method of specifically a kind of soilless culture.
Background technology
At present, micro- mist cultivation under prior art is a kind of new planting type, is root in all cultivation technique without soil
A kind of possible form that the aqueous vapor contradiction of system solves, it using sprayer unit by nutrient liquid atomizing be small drops that it, which is, directly spray
Root system of plant is mapped to provide a kind of cultivation technique without soil of moisture and nutrient needed for plant growth.But it is shown experimentally that
Its technology has many defects, and commonly spraying, uneven sprinkler design is unreasonable, and Spraying Systems Pressure is low, is atomized bad, water droplet mistake
Greatly, it is uneven in root system of plant moisture film, dry root is easily caused, rots, influence plant strain growth.
Micro- mist cultivation technique of prior art is that crop is suspended on into a closed culture apparatus（Groove, case or bed）In,
And root system is exposed inside culture apparatus, nutrient solution is ejected into root system surface after being atomized by sprayer unit, it is impossible to ensures spraying
Uniformly, cultivation box design is defective, and water tariff collection is bad.Plant Planting Design defect, moisture waste greatly, cause plant moisture to connect
Continue acquired difference, that is to say, that a drought one returns flood, and such a technology is at all unworkable, is merely resting on the experimental stage.
The content of the invention
The technical assignment of the present invention is that solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of micro- mist cultural method of soilless culture.
The technical scheme is that realize in the following manner, a kind of soilless culture method of the invention is to utilize high pressure
Plant culture hydraulic coupling is brought up to 4~7Mpa by micro- mist pump, then that the nutrient solution after pressurization is defeated by high-pressure transfusion tube pipeline
Send, feeding terminal is atomized by fog spray-head, produces 0.3~1.5 micron of micro- mist in plantation box cavity, micro- mist forms lasting diffusion
Or micro- mist space of interval diffusion, exposed root system of plant is inserted into micro- mist space, the method cultivated to plant.
Caused 0.3~1.5 micron of micro- mist forms micro- mist stream, and micro- mist stream in micro- mist space mutually hits,
Formed in micro- mist cultivating and growing case of sealing and produce inflation effect, swum in space, humidity reaches 100%, realizes to micro- mist
The purpose of air wetting in cultivating and growing case.
Fog spray-head is provided with high-pressure plant nutrient solution upstream end and micro- mist ejection end, high-pressure plant nutrient solution upstream end
Shower nozzle intracoelomic cavity is provided with precision Filter element, and check valve is provided with the middle part of shower nozzle intracoelomic cavity, and the micro- mist ejection end of sprayer body is provided with
Nozzle needle, the ejection end of nozzle needle are placed on the nozzle of ceramic spray nozzle sheet, high-pressure plant nutrient solution through precision Filter element, check valve, nozzle needle,
Sprayed after ceramic spray nozzle sheet, nozzle and form micro- mist.
A kind of device that can realize soilless culture method, its structure are：The filling plant nutrient solution in nutrient solution water tank,
Nutrient solution water tank output connection water inlet pipe, water inlet pipe are connected to the pressurization of high-pressure micro-mist pump, and micro- mist controller controls high-pressure micro-mist pump
Working condition, high-pressure micro-mist pump by plant culture hydraulic coupling bring up to 4~7Mpa, high-pressure micro-mist pump connects through high-pressure transfusion tube
Onto the fog spray-head in micro- mist cultivating and growing case, micro- mist cultivating and growing bottom portion is connected with return pipe, return pipe downstream connection
Waste collection water tank, waste collection water tank connection return duct, return duct are communicated to training through reflux pump and accurate filter backflow
In nutrient solution water tank, plant nutrient solution is recycled.
A kind of intelligent detection and control system of soilless culture, the system include micro- mist controller, nutrient solution water tank, water inlet
Pipe, high-pressure micro-mist pump, high-pressure transfusion tube, cultivation box, return pipe, waste collection water tank, return duct, accurate filter,
The filling plant nutrient solution in nutrient solution water tank, nutrient solution water tank output connection water inlet pipe, it is micro- that water inlet pipe is connected to high pressure
Mist pump is pressurizeed, and plant culture hydraulic coupling is brought up to 4 by the working condition of micro- mist controller control high-pressure micro-mist pump, high-pressure micro-mist pump
~7Mpa, high-pressure micro-mist pump are connected on the fog spray-head in micro- mist cultivating and growing case through high-pressure transfusion tube, micro- mist cultivating and growing
Bottom portion is connected with return pipe, return pipe downstream connection waste collection water tank, waste collection water tank connection return duct, return duct warp
Reflux pump and accurate filter backflow are communicated in nutrient solution water tank, recycle plant nutrient solution；
Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor is configured with cultivation box, Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor is connected to micro- mist by micro-control sensor conductor
On controller, after micro- mist controller obtains the humidity temperature signal of Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor, micro- mist controller regulates and controls high-pressure micro-mist
The switch of pump, the running status of output pressure.
Nutrient solution water tank, water inlet pipe, high-pressure micro-mist pump, high-pressure transfusion tube, cultivation box, return pipe, waste collection water tank, return
Flow tube, the composition of accurate filter form the path pipeline of circulation closed, and the path pipeline of circulation closed is before enabling to path
The processing of pipeline sterilization, the microbial environment that run time is had a rest in detection nutrient solution and cultivation box.
A kind of cultivation box of soilless culture, its structure includes casing and closure is buckled in the field planting top plate of casing top clip, with
And impermeable film, planting cup are formed,
The field planting hole of matrix arrangement is offered on field planting top plate, the lower surface for being colonized top plate is colonized box cavity upper wall and is laid with
Impermeable film, planting cup jack hole is offered on impermeable film, and planting cup jack hole is corresponding with the matrix distribution for being colonized hole
Overlap, the bore edges of the planting cup jack hole of impermeable film are fixedly connected with planting cup sealing and accept the collar；
The cup of planting cup is passed down through determining for the planting cup jack hole of field planting hole and impermeable film above field planting top plate
After planting the cup sealing undertaking collar, worn under cup and be insinuated into field planting box cavity；
While collar locking wall of cup is accepted in planting cup sealing, because inverted cone-shaped planting cup cup is embedded in field planting hole, planting cup
Cup forces the lower pressure that the collar is accepted by being sealed to planting cup and pulls into funnel under the neighbouring impermeable film in planting cup place
Type；
Offer permeable hole on planting cup wall of cup, planting cup wall of cup is embedded to be cased with water-absorbing sponge, plant fixing on water-absorbing sponge,
Root system of plant is insinuated into plantation box cavity, water-absorbing sponge expansion expansion permeable hole, water-absorbing sponge connection through planting cup water-absorbing sponge
There is water-suction rope, extended under water-suction rope on box bottom, the ponding that water-suction rope absorbs bottom half by capillarity extremely absorbs water
Isotonic humidity at sponge；
The fog spray-head of overhead is configured with casing or fog spray-head that bottom is put,
The fog spray-head of overhead is arranged on field planting top plate inwall,
The fog spray-head that bottom is put is arranged on box bottom,
The spray direction of fog spray-head is fixedly connected on box bottom towards cabinets cavity, fog spray-head by head cartridge.
Cultivation box is using rectangular cross-section, trapezoidal or triangle polygon casing, and casing stacks or stacking forms three-dimensional plant
Train greenhouse.
Impermeable film is located on the inwall of field planting top plate by clasp nail nail.
The caused compared with prior art beneficial effect of the present invention is：
The soilless culture method of the present invention has the special feature that：
Mist is thin：High-pressure micro-mist is produced with high-pressure micro-mist pump, fog spray-head is per second to produce 5,000,000,000 droplets, and the diameter of droplet is only
0.3~1.5 μm just as steam, smog, mist is carefully all-pervasive, makes Root Absorption uniform.Micro- mist cultivate effect is splendid, is to rely on water
The suction-operated divided is adsorbed on root system surface.
Energy-conservation：It is atomized 1 kg of water and only consumes 6W power, simply eliminates the tension force of water.Its power consumption is the hundred of traditional electrothermal way
/ mono-, it is centrifugal or air water mixing type humidifier 1/10th.
Reliably：Micro- fog training system host uses high-pressure micro-mist pump, can continuously run for 24 hours, nozzle is unpowered rapid wear
Part, it will not be damaged in high humidity environment.
Safety automation pressure release：When high-pressure micro-mist pump is stopped, body automatically discharges the pressure of high-pressure nozzle, prevents
Fog spray-head drips.
It is equipped with automatic water shortage power-off system：Prevent because it is anhydrous when pump idle running phenomenon, improve the pump life-span.
Cleaning：Accurate filter can guarantee that system clean as the waste water water purification system for aiming at micro- mist cultivation development.Should
The water sealing of micro- mist hydroponic system is acyclic to be used, and waste collection has filtered out bacterium, algae, miscellaneous through accurate filter
The cutin of matter, root system, the breeding of bacterium will not be caused, allow plant more healthy growth.
Humidification amount:Humidification amount is big and fog spray-head can be by specification independent assortment.Single fog spray-head humidification amount from
0.5kg/h~5kg/h is combined regulation.
Because droplet plantlet is easier to adsorb, improves humidification efficiency and be up to more than 95%.
Fog spray-head spray amount：Micro- mist hydroponic system, high-pressure micro-mist pump pumping plant output flow from 100kg/h~
1600kg/h, step-less adjustment can be carried out by micro- mist controller, in range of flow can arbitrary disposition mist head, can also be any group
Close the adjustment for carrying out area spraying precision.
Microspray control system, chip can realize that control is wet, temperature control is digital full-automatic, be the system of a set of Detection ＆ Controling.
Can effectively solve conventional soil and insoluble moisture, air, the contradiction of nutrient supply in water planting cultivation.
Cultivation box is by many experiments and improves and makes rational in infrastructure, and cost is low, the needs of entirely appropriate micro- mist cultivation.For
White palm flowers have been cooked many experiments, achieve many data.Shorten and cultivate the time, blade is big, plant root is flourishing, micro- mist training
The plant educated and the contrast effect do not cultivated are notable.
It is totally-enclosed to reduce algae in air, pollution of the bacterium to nutrient solution.
Water saving：Due to cultivation case sealing, only Root Absorption moisture, backwater purification utilization, water saving more than 95%.
The aqueous vapor contradiction of root system in cultivation technique without soil is completely solved, it with artificial creation's crop root environment because substituting
Soil environment.Can effectively solve insoluble moisture, air, the contradiction of nutrient supply in conventional soil cultivation, change
Root system obtains the environment of oxygen.
Use manpower and material resources sparingly：Good management greatly solves labor management expense.
Save space：Because micro- mist cultivation case is in light weight, the atomization total matching quality of nutrient solution is light, can do solid cultivation.
Low cost：Cultivation box cost for peasant's exploitation is low, and plant strain growth speed is fast, suitable for being widely applied.
The soilless culture method can make crop yield be doubled and redoubled, and be an agriculture for carrying out cultivated plant without soil or matrix
Industry new and high technology, it instead of soil environment with artificial creation's crop root environment.It is difficult in conventional soil cultivation effectively to solve
With the moisture of solution, air, nutrient supply contradiction.And control detecting system is configured with, the energy in the key element of plant growth
Enough good control humidity, temperature, moisture, air, nutrient.
The soilless culture method is reasonable in design, simple in construction, safe and reliable, easy to use, easy to maintain, has good
Popularizing value.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the general assembly structural representation of the cultivation box individual layer laying of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 2 is the cultivation box stacking of the present invention, stacks the general assembly structural representation of laying；
Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of the cultivation box of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 4 is micro- fog training system principle service chart of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 5 is the using state structure diagram of the planting cup of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 6 is the structural representation of the fog spray-head of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 7 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of the field planting top plate of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 8 is the overlooking the structure diagram of the field planting top plate of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 9 is the partial structural diagram of the field planting top plate of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 10 is the structural representation of the Planting box of the underlying fog spray-head of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 11 is the structural representation of the Planting box of the overhead fog spray-head of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 12 is the field planting box shape form slection exemplary view of the present invention.
Mark in accompanying drawing represents respectively：
1st, nutrient solution water tank, 2, plant nutrient solution, 3, water inlet pipe, 4, high-pressure micro-mist pump, 5, micro- mist controller, 6, high pressure infuser
Pipe, 7, micro- mist cultivating and growing case, 8, fog spray-head, 9, return pipe, 10, waste collection water tank, 11, return duct, 12, reflux pump,
13rd, accurate filter,
14th, Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor, 15, micro-control sensor conductor,
16th, high-pressure plant nutrient solution upstream end, 17, micro- mist ejection end, 18, precision Filter element, 19, check valve, 20, nozzle needle, 21, pottery
Porcelain spray nozzle sheet, 22, nozzle,
23rd, casing, 24, field planting top plate, 25, field planting hole, 26, impermeable film, 27, planting cup jack hole, 28, planting cup sealing
Accept the collar,
29th, planting cup, 30, permeable hole, 31, water-absorbing sponge, 32, water-suction rope, 33, box bottom, 34, clasp nail.
Embodiment
Micro- mist cultural method of the soilless culture to the present invention is described in detail below below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in drawings, a kind of soilless culture method of the invention is that plant is cultivated into hydraulic coupling using high-pressure micro-mist pump 4
4~7Mpa is brought up to, the nutrient solution after pressurization is then passed through into the pipelined of high-pressure transfusion tube 6, feeding terminal is by fog spray-head 8
Atomization, 0.3~1.5 micron of micro- mist being produced in plantation box cavity, micro- mist forms micro- mist space of lasting diffusion or interval diffusion,
Exposed root system of plant is inserted into micro- mist space, the method cultivated to plant.
Caused 0.3~1.5 micron of micro- mist forms micro- mist stream, and micro- mist stream in micro- mist space mutually hits,
Formed in micro- mist cultivating and growing case of sealing and produce inflation effect, swum in space, humidity reaches 100%, realizes to micro- mist
The purpose of air wetting in cultivating and growing case.
Fog spray-head 8 is provided with high-pressure plant nutrient solution upstream end 16 and micro- mist ejection end 17, and high-pressure plant nutrient solution enters
The shower nozzle intracoelomic cavity for entering end is provided with precision Filter element 18, and check valve 19, the micro- spray painting of sprayer body are provided with the middle part of shower nozzle intracoelomic cavity
Go out end and be provided with nozzle needle 20, the ejection end of nozzle needle is placed on the nozzle 22 of ceramic spray nozzle sheet 21, and high-pressure plant nutrient solution is through precision
Sprayed after filter core, check valve, nozzle needle, ceramic spray nozzle sheet, nozzle and form micro- mist.
The device that can realize soilless culture method of the present invention, its structure are：The filling plant training in nutrient solution water tank 1
Nutrient solution 2, the output connection water inlet pipe 3 of nutrient solution water tank 1, water inlet pipe 3 are connected to high-pressure micro-mist pump 4 and pressurizeed, and micro- mist controller 5 controls
Plant culture hydraulic coupling is brought up to 4~7Mpa by the working condition of high-pressure micro-mist pump 4, high-pressure micro-mist pump 4, and high-pressure micro-mist pump is through height
Pressure infuser pipe 6 is connected on the fog spray-head 8 in micro- mist cultivating and growing case 7, and micro- bottom of mist cultivating and growing case 7 is connected with return pipe
9, the downstream connection waste collection water tank 10 of return pipe 9, waste collection water tank 10 connects return duct 11, and return duct 11 is through reflux pump 12
And the backflow of accurate filter 13 is communicated in nutrient solution water tank 1, recycles plant nutrient solution.
A kind of intelligent detection and control system of soilless culture of the present invention, the system include micro- mist controller, nutrient solution water
Case, water inlet pipe, high-pressure micro-mist pump, high-pressure transfusion tube, cultivation box, return pipe, waste collection water tank, return duct, accurate filter,
The filling plant nutrient solution in nutrient solution water tank, nutrient solution water tank output connection water inlet pipe, it is micro- that water inlet pipe is connected to high pressure
Mist pump is pressurizeed, and plant culture hydraulic coupling is brought up to 4 by the working condition of micro- mist controller control high-pressure micro-mist pump, high-pressure micro-mist pump
~7Mpa, high-pressure micro-mist pump are connected on the fog spray-head in micro- mist cultivating and growing case through high-pressure transfusion tube, micro- mist cultivating and growing
Bottom portion is connected with return pipe, return pipe downstream connection waste collection water tank, waste collection water tank connection return duct, return duct warp
Reflux pump and accurate filter backflow are communicated in nutrient solution water tank, recycle plant nutrient solution；
Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor 14 is configured with cultivation box, Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor is connected to by micro-control sensor conductor 15
On micro- mist controller 5, after micro- mist controller obtains the humidity temperature signal of Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor, micro- mist controller regulates and controls high pressure
The switch of micro- mist pump, the running status of output pressure.
Nutrient solution water tank, water inlet pipe, high-pressure micro-mist pump, high-pressure transfusion tube, cultivation box, return pipe, waste collection water tank, return
Flow tube, the composition of accurate filter form the path pipeline of circulation closed, and the path pipeline of circulation closed is before enabling to path
The processing of pipeline sterilization, the microbial environment that run time is had a rest in detection nutrient solution and cultivation box.
The cultivation box of the soilless culture of the present invention, its structure includes casing 23 and closure is buckled in the field planting top of casing top clip
Plate 24, and impermeable film 26, planting cup 29 are formed,
The field planting hole 25 of matrix arrangement is offered on field planting top plate 24, the lower surface for being colonized top plate is colonized box cavity upper wall and applied
Provided with impermeable film 26, planting cup jack hole 27, planting cup jack hole and the matrix point in field planting hole are offered on impermeable film
The corresponding coincidence of cloth, the bore edges of the planting cup jack hole of impermeable film are fixedly connected with planting cup sealing and accept the collar 28；
The cup of planting cup 29 is passed down through the planting cup jack hole of field planting hole and impermeable film above field planting top plate
After the collar is accepted in planting cup sealing, worn under cup and be insinuated into field planting box cavity；
While collar locking wall of cup is accepted in planting cup sealing, because inverted cone-shaped planting cup cup is embedded in field planting hole, planting cup
Cup forces the lower pressure that the collar is accepted by being sealed to planting cup and pulls into funnel under the neighbouring impermeable film in planting cup place
Type；
Permeable hole 30 is offered on the wall of cup of planting cup 29, planting cup wall of cup is embedded to be cased with water-absorbing sponge 31, and plant fixing is absorbing water
On sponge, root system of plant is insinuated into plantation box cavity, water-absorbing sponge expansion expansion permeable hole, water suction sea through planting cup water-absorbing sponge
It is continuous to be connected to water-suction rope 32, extended under water-suction rope on box bottom, water-suction rope absorbs the product of bottom half by capillarity
Isotonic humidity at water to water-absorbing sponge；
Micro- mist can be collected by being pullled into the impermeable film inwall of funnel type, micro- mist is condensed into liquid stream, liquid stream is due to Action of Gravity Field
By funnel type impermeable film inwall, planting cup outer wall is passed through, onto water-absorbing sponge, is absorbed by water-absorbing sponge, moistens and nourishes
The root of plant.
The fog spray-head of overhead is configured with casing or fog spray-head that bottom is put,
The fog spray-head of overhead is arranged on field planting top plate inwall,
The fog spray-head that bottom is put is arranged on box bottom,
The spray direction of fog spray-head is fixedly connected on box bottom towards cabinets cavity, fog spray-head by head cartridge.
Cultivation box is using rectangular cross-section, trapezoidal or triangle polygon casing, or horizontal/stand-type multi-edge column-shaped
Casing, casing stacks or stacking forms solid cultivation greenhouse.
Impermeable film is located on the inwall of field planting top plate by clasp nail nail.
The operation logic of the micro- mist hydroponic system of micro- mist cultural method of the soilless culture：
1. the nutrient solution of " water planting liquid pipe " quantitative adding proportion concentration is arrived to " nutrient solution water tank " by " micro- mist controller ".
2. nutrient solution enters high-pressure micro-mist pump by water inlet pipe, high-pressure micro-mist pump controls through micro- mist controller.Water planting liquid
4MPa-7MPa is pressurized to through the micro- mist cultivation box of high-voltage tube, then micro- mist is sprayed by " fog spray-head ", due to the suction-operated of micro- mist
Root system of plant adsorbs mass propgation liquid, ensures the needs of growth, while micro- mist cultivation box humidity rises, and at this moment " humidity temperature passes
Sensor " gives " micro- mist controller " signal-obtaining, and when reaching setting numerical value, " micro- mist high-pressure pump " is stopped, plant absorption humidity
When dropping to specified value, " micro- mist high-pressure pump " starts working, and humidity rises root system and obtains nutrient solution, like this reciprocal operation.
3. because micro- wall of mist cultivation box four and bottom plate also have condensate effect, the nutrient solution collected is flowed by " return pipe "
To " waste collection water tank ", through " return duct " entrance " reflux pump ", " reflux pump " pressurization enters " accurate filter ".Waste liquid is entered
Water-filling is handled, and the nutrient solution after purification enters " nutrient solution water tank ".
As shown in drawings, the operation principle of " high-pressure micro-mist pump " is that hydraulic pressure is brought up into 4-7Mpa using high-pressure pump, then
Nutrient solution after pressurization is passed through into " high-pressure transfusion tube " line, is atomized by high pressure " nozzle ", produces 0.3-1.5 microns micro-
Mist particle, it can complete to vaporize and spread from cultivation box rapidly, not be spray phase plant root, be to utilize nozzle by high pressure
Water is extruded from micropore, and being up to 7mba using pressure converts into 70 kilograms of pressure, is symmetrical arranged by fog spray-head micropore, steam stream phase
Mutually hit, moisture transient evaporation forms cold steam, produces inflation effect to cultivation box, swims in cultivation box, humidity can reach
Absolutely, so as to completing the purpose of air wetting in phase cultivation box.The white haze nutrient solution of floating moistens kind by suction-operated
The plant root in case is planted, it is in light weight because micro- mist particle is very small.What concentration declined in cultivation box is slow, when root system adsorbs
Between it is long so that plant prevent nutrient solution absorb it is uneven, moisten root system interval it is flooded in short-term when the low disadvantage of drought, really solve
Water, gas, the contradiction of fertilizer.
The system experiment proves to add up the daily duration of runs at 1.6 hours or so, is spaced 30 minutes and sprays 2 minutes, plantation
Case relative humidity is more than 90%, and root system moistening plant growth is vigorous, and water root grows densely, and gas oxygen is sufficient.It is good every due to being atomized
Square backflow water yield at 6 liters or so, after plant absorbs, can seldom be used after collection with repetitive decontamination, per square meter cultivation box power consumption
Daily within 0.02 yuan.Micro- mist cultivation is adapted to large-scale plantation, and the mist amount of making of single fighter is 100~1200kg/h.And I
The chip intelligent control detecting system of micro- fog training system development of companies, by " micro- mist controller ", " micro-control sensor is led
Line " controls " Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor " signal-obtaining " micro- mist high-pressure pump ".The control mode provided for the system has humidity to follow
Ring control, time loop control, humidity cycle timing controlled, timing cycle humid control, period control, period humidity control
System, etc. Multimode Intelligent control.
Cultivation box feature：
" Planting board structure chart " use " Planting board " water collecting structure, Planting board bottom have one layer " plastic sheeting ", " plastic sheeting "
" field planting cavities " place has to be fixed at " opening " corner with plastics " clasp nail ", and " definite value cup " goes out out circular hole, after " definite value cup " is put into,
" definite value hole " place is naturally drooped, forms funnel structure.When the close film of micro- fog point, because absorption reason moisture just condenses upon
On film, " planting cup " outer wall that will collect after certain amount is gathered, absorbed water storage by " the definite value water-absorbing sponge " in cup
Deposit, the moisture film for root system after micro-fog machine reaches humidity stop-spraying supplements, and also saves energy consumption and water, the moisture of the wall of cultivation box four
It is slipped on bottom " water-suction rope ", moisture is saturated with the tension effect of water, is delivered on " field planting sponge ", after being also used for stop-spraying
Moisture supplements.
As shown in drawings, plant cup good seal is loaded using " plastic sheeting " design of catchmenting, because " cultivation cup " is tapered
" plastic sheeting " " opening " is big as " cultivation cup " bottom, and after " cultivation cup " is inserted, the big bottom of a cup of rim of a cup is small, plastic sheeting locking
Funnel type is pulled under while wall of cup, after the nutrient solution of atomization is adsorbed onto " plastic sheeting ", nutrient solution can be condensed into water droplet, when
When water droplet arrives flowable greatly, it can be pooled to along " plastic sheeting " wall of funnel type in " inhaling in " cultivation cup " wall, wall of cup
Water is colonized sponge " nutrient solution leaked into is absorbed by long strip through hole, complete storage process.It can be seen by " field planting sponge figure "
Go out " plant sponge " bottom design 8, the part loaded after cultivation cup outside cup is bigger, it is easier to assembles fog moisture.By " plantation
Plate profile " can be seen that is drawn onto plant root the nutrient solution of bottom plate while " water-suction rope " absorbs fog by self-priming effect
Portion, supplement plant moisture and nutrition.
Alternative solution：Ultrasonic atomization water planting liquid scheme：Using the method for ultrasonic atomization humidification, mist is allowed to train plant root
The moisture and nutrient solution on ground in the cultivation case of absorption.Factory culture use is not suitable for very little due to manufacturing micro- mist amount.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. soilless culture method, it is characterised in that：This method is to be improved plant culture hydraulic coupling using high-pressure micro-mist pump To 4~7Mpa, the nutrient solution after pressurization is then passed through into high-pressure transfusion tube pipelined, feeding terminal is atomized by fog spray-head, 0.3~1.5 micron of micro- mist is produced in plantation box cavity, micro- mist forms micro- mist space of lasting diffusion or interval diffusion, will be sudden and violent The root system of plant of dew inserts micro- mist space, the method cultivated to plant.
- A kind of 2. soilless culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Caused 0.3~1.5 micron of micro- mist Form micro- mist stream, micro- mist stream in micro- mist space is mutually hit, and generation is formed in micro- mist cultivating and growing case of sealing and is filled Gas effect, swims in space, and humidity reaches 100%, realizes the purpose to air wetting in micro- mist cultivating and growing case.
- A kind of 3. soilless culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fog spray-head is provided with high-pressure plant culture Liquid upstream end and micro- mist ejection end, the shower nozzle intracoelomic cavity of high-pressure plant nutrient solution upstream end are provided with precision Filter element, in sprayer body Check valve is provided with the middle part of chamber, the micro- mist ejection end of sprayer body is provided with nozzle needle, and the ejection end of nozzle needle is placed in ceramic spray nozzle sheet On nozzle, high-pressure plant nutrient solution sprays after precision Filter element, check valve, nozzle needle, ceramic spray nozzle sheet, nozzle forms micro- mist.
- A kind of 4. device that can realize soilless culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In nutrient solution water Filling plant nutrient solution in case, nutrient solution water tank output connection water inlet pipe, water inlet pipe are connected to the pressurization of high-pressure micro-mist pump, micro- mist control Plant culture hydraulic coupling is brought up to 4~7Mpa, high-pressure micro-mist by the working condition of device control high-pressure micro-mist pump processed, high-pressure micro-mist pump Pump is connected on the fog spray-head in micro- mist cultivating and growing case through high-pressure transfusion tube, and micro- mist cultivating and growing bottom portion is connected with backwater Pipe, return pipe downstream connection waste collection water tank, waste collection water tank connection return duct, return duct is through reflux pump and accurate mistake Filter backflow is communicated in nutrient solution water tank, recycles plant nutrient solution.
- A kind of 5. intelligent detection and control system of soilless culture, it is characterised in that：The system includes micro- mist controller, nutrient solution water Case, water inlet pipe, high-pressure micro-mist pump, high-pressure transfusion tube, cultivation box, return pipe, waste collection water tank, return duct, accurate filter,The filling plant nutrient solution in nutrient solution water tank, nutrient solution water tank output connection water inlet pipe, it is micro- that water inlet pipe is connected to high pressure Mist pump is pressurizeed, and plant culture hydraulic coupling is brought up to 4 by the working condition of micro- mist controller control high-pressure micro-mist pump, high-pressure micro-mist pump ~7Mpa, high-pressure micro-mist pump are connected on the fog spray-head in micro- mist cultivating and growing case through high-pressure transfusion tube, micro- mist cultivating and growing Bottom portion is connected with return pipe, return pipe downstream connection waste collection water tank, waste collection water tank connection return duct, return duct warp Reflux pump and accurate filter backflow are communicated in nutrient solution water tank, recycle plant nutrient solution；Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor is configured with cultivation box, Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor is connected to micro- mist by micro-control sensor conductor On controller, after micro- mist controller obtains the humidity temperature signal of Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor, micro- mist controller regulates and controls high-pressure micro-mist The switch of pump, the running status of output pressure.
- A kind of 6. intelligent detection and control system of soilless culture according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Nutrient solution water Case, water inlet pipe, high-pressure micro-mist pump, high-pressure transfusion tube, cultivation box, return pipe, waste collection water tank, return duct, accurate filter Composition form the path pipeline of circulation closed, the path pipeline of circulation closed before enabling to path pipeline sterilization at Reason, the microbial environment that run time is had a rest in detection nutrient solution and cultivation box.
- A kind of 7. cultivation box of soilless culture, it is characterised in that：The field planting top plate of casing top clip is buckled in including casing and closure, And impermeable film, planting cup are formed,The field planting hole of matrix arrangement is offered on field planting top plate, the lower surface for being colonized top plate is colonized box cavity upper wall and is laid with Impermeable film, planting cup jack hole is offered on impermeable film, and planting cup jack hole is corresponding with the matrix distribution for being colonized hole Overlap, the bore edges of the planting cup jack hole of impermeable film are fixedly connected with planting cup sealing and accept the collar；The cup of planting cup is passed down through determining for the planting cup jack hole of field planting hole and impermeable film above field planting top plate After planting the cup sealing undertaking collar, worn under cup and be insinuated into field planting box cavity；While collar locking wall of cup is accepted in planting cup sealing, because inverted cone-shaped planting cup cup is embedded in field planting hole, planting cup Cup forces the lower pressure that the collar is accepted by being sealed to planting cup and pulls into funnel under the neighbouring impermeable film in planting cup place Type；Offer permeable hole on planting cup wall of cup, planting cup wall of cup is embedded to be cased with water-absorbing sponge, plant fixing on water-absorbing sponge, Root system of plant is insinuated into plantation box cavity, water-absorbing sponge expansion expansion permeable hole, water-absorbing sponge connection through planting cup water-absorbing sponge There is water-suction rope, extended under water-suction rope on box bottom, the ponding that water-suction rope absorbs bottom half by capillarity extremely absorbs water Isotonic humidity at sponge；The fog spray-head of overhead is configured with casing or fog spray-head that bottom is put,The fog spray-head of overhead is arranged on field planting top plate inwall,The fog spray-head that bottom is put is arranged on box bottom,The spray direction of fog spray-head is fixedly connected on box bottom towards cabinets cavity, fog spray-head by head cartridge.
- A kind of 8. cultivation box of soilless culture according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Cultivation box uses section as square Shape, trapezoidal or triangle polygon casing, casing stacks or stacking forms solid cultivation greenhouse.
- A kind of 9. cultivation box of soilless culture according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Impermeable film is set by clasp nail nail On the inwall of field planting top plate.
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| CN201711157238.5A CN107801622A (en) | 2017-11-20 | 2017-11-20 | A kind of soilless culture method |
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Application publication date: 20180316 |