CN107798987A - Seasonal variations runoff and underground water influence monitoring model to High aititude opencut - Google Patents
Seasonal variations runoff and underground water influence monitoring model to High aititude opencut Download PDFInfo
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- CN107798987A CN107798987A CN201710849233.2A CN201710849233A CN107798987A CN 107798987 A CN107798987 A CN 107798987A CN 201710849233 A CN201710849233 A CN 201710849233A CN 107798987 A CN107798987 A CN 107798987A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 225
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010020843 Hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001629511 Litchi Species 0.000 claims 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000183278 Nephelium litchi Species 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005413 snowmelt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000046038 Ehretia acuminata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009300 Ehretia acuminata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920005479 Lucite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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Abstract
The invention discloses seasonal variations runoff and underground water to influence monitoring model to High aititude opencut, it is characterised in that：Temperature simulator, runoff, underground underground river analogue means, opencut model, drainage arrangement, model casing and video camera composition.The present invention is especially suitable for image displaying High aititude opencut seasonal variations, the influence of runoff and underground water to mining area, workbench water burst, end side water burst, step surface water burst, mutual bank of ore water burst, blastholes fill-water, workbench freeze, hold side to freeze to freeze live origin cause of formation overall process with step surface in simulation exploitation, implementation model temperature, runoff rate and seepage flow flow are controllable, have wide applicability to High aititude Open pit Area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring model that a kind of water influences on Open pit Area, more particularly to one kind is with seasonal variations footpath
Stream, underground water influence monitoring model to High aititude opencut.
Background technology
China high altitude localities mining is increasing, due to seasonal variations, rainwash, snowmelt runoff, air drop
Under the multiple factors such as water and runoff moisturizing, Open pit Area more occur rock slope, cave in, rig one-tenth porosity is low, freezing-thawing damage, calamity
Phenomena such as evil, frequently occurs, and adverse effect is brought to High aititude mining security.In order to intuitively analyze seasonal variations water
Influence to High aititude open pit bench, in the range of understanding, there is no to produce influences specifically for High aititude Open pit Area water
Monitoring model.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of seasonal variations runoff and underground water to High aititude opencut shadow
Monitoring model is rung, to realize image displaying High aititude opencut seasonal variations, the influence of runoff and underground water to mining area, simulation is opened
Middle workbench water burst, end side water burst, step surface water burst, mutual bank of ore water burst, blastholes fill-water, workbench is adopted to freeze, hold
Side freezes to freeze live origin cause of formation overall process with step surface, and implementation model temperature-controllable, water are controllable.
In order to solve the above technical problems, described a kind of seasonal variations runoff and underground water influence to supervise on High aititude opencut
Survey model, including temperature simulator, runoff, underground underground river analogue means, opencut model, drainage arrangement model casing and takes the photograph
Camera forms；
Described temperature simulator includes refrigeration system, heating, temperature control system and air hose, wherein, it is described
Refrigeration system is arranged at model side, and for simulating -35 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C of weather conditions, the heating simulates 0 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C
Weather conditions, refrigeration, heating are controlled by temp testing controlling system, and air hose imports hot and cold air on the top of model；
Described runoff, underground underground river analogue means include water tank, water pump, water-pressure regulating device, runoff simulation feed pipe, simulation
Underground river feed pipe and runoff collect water tank, wherein, the runoff, underground underground river analogue means are arranged at model side, and runoff is received
Header tank is arranged at model opposite side, and runoff simulation feed pipe is connected with runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches, and runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches are received with runoff
Header tank is connected, and simulation underground river feed pipe is connected with simulation underground river；
Described opencut model forms inside model casing and by runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches, simulation underground river, table soil, country rock and alternating layers
To excavate sulculus at the top of opencut model, simulation underground river composition is in opencut model for shape ore body, wherein runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches
The stephanoporate round tube of certain length is laid in inside, and table soil, country rock and mutual bank of ore are made up of simulation ground, rock mass materials layer, its
In mutually bank of ore be country rock and the alternate rock mass of ore body, mining area surface is made up of open pit slope and working pit edge, working pit edge
Step include step upper brace, bench face, lay drilling and step lower platform；
Described drainage arrangement includes bottom tank, drainpipe, wherein, the bottom tank is arranged at model bottom, the row
Water pipe one end is connected with bottom tank, other end connection sewer；
Described model casing includes model outer cover and model support, wherein, described model outer cover model outer cover is by lucite
Plate is bonded, surrounding skeleton using angle steel reinforced, model top side detachable, model be placed on it is being made up of steel construction, one
Determine on the model support of height；
Video camera changes over time the video camera of relation for monitoring water level and freezeout.
The opencut analogue experiment method of the present invention：
A, the influence of spring or autumn low temperature, different runoff rates and different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area is simulated：Low temperature, no
With influence of the runoff rate to opencut mining area：Video camera is opened, opens runoff, underground underground river analogue means, the water in device
Different run-offs are simulated by water-pressure regulating device, water is flowed into runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches by runoff simulation feed pipe, runoff simulation
The water of irrigation canals and ditches penetrates into Open pit Area and freezeout, and the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches finally flows into runoff and collects water tank；In device
Water simulates underground percolation flow by water-pressure regulating device, and water is flowed into simulation underground river by simulating underground river feed pipe, simulates underground river
Water penetrate into Open pit Area；After water burst phenomenon occurs in open pit slope, temperature simulator is opened, passes through temperature control system
System enters temperature control in model casing in low-temperature condition, Cryogenic air by air hose, and adjustment runoff rate makes runoff not go out
Existing icing phenomenon；Observe and record different runoff rates and different seepage flow flow conditions under, opencut table soil, country rock, outdoor adopt
Highwall, working pit edge composition, step upper brace, bench face, step lower platform, coal seam and carbonaceous mudstone are freezed to show
As；Treat that model blocking region after expansion, does not close runoff, underground underground river analogue means, temperature simulator, passes through bottom water
Groove, open drainpipe to sewer draining, observation table soil, country rock, open pit slope, working pit edge composition, step upper brace,
Bench face, coal seam, carbonaceous mudstone and lay drilling and water-filling discharge level and freeze changing rule and record, treat bottom tank water
After stream, drainpipe is closed, closes video camera.The video of video camera is exported, exports the video of video camera, analysis high temperature, no
With runoff rate and seepage flow flow to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining and litchi freezing pattern and the origin cause of formation.
B, the influence of summer high temperature, different runoff rates and different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area is simulated：Open shooting
Machine, temperature simulator is opened, is entered temperature control by air hose in the condition of high temperature, high temperature air by temperature control system
Enter in model casing；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means are opened, the water in device simulates different run-offs by water-pressure regulating device,
Water is flowed into runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches by runoff simulation feed pipe, and the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches penetrates into Open pit Area, runoff simulation
The water of irrigation canals and ditches finally flows into runoff and collects water tank；Water in device simulates underground percolation flow by water-pressure regulating device, and water passes through
Simulate underground river feed pipe to flow into simulation underground river, the water for simulating underground river penetrates into Open pit Area；Observe and record different runoff rates
With different seepage flow flows, opencut table soil, country rock, open pit slope, working pit edge composition, step upper brace, bench face,
Water profit, the water burst phenomenon of step lower platform, coal seam and carbonaceous mudstone, lay drilling water-filling water level phenomenon；Treat that simulation is gushed
After water, runoff, underground underground river analogue means, temperature simulator are closed, by bottom tank, opens drainpipe to sewer row
Water, observation table soil, country rock, open pit slope, working pit edge composition, step upper brace, bench face, step lower platform,
Coal seam, carbonaceous mudstone and the changing rule and record of laying drilling water-filling discharge level, after treating bottom tank current, close
Drainpipe, close video camera.The video of video camera is exported, analysis high temperature, different runoff rates and seepage flow flow are to opencut ore deposit
Water burst, draining rule and the origin cause of formation in area.
C, under the conditions of simulating Low Temperature in Spring-high temperature circulation, influence of the different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area：Open shooting
Machine, temperature simulator is opened, is entered temperature control by air hose in low-temperature condition, Cryogenic air by temperature control system
Enter in model casing；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means are opened, the water in device simulates underground percolation stream by water-pressure regulating device
Amount, water are flowed into simulation underground river by simulating underground river feed pipe, and the water for simulating underground river penetrates into Open pit Area and freezeout；Observation
And record under different underground river flow conditions, country rock, open pit slope, working pit edge composition, step upper brace, bench face,
The water of coal seam and carbonaceous mudstone profit, water burst and freezeout, lay drilling water-filling water level, freezeout；Treat model blocking region
Not after expansion, runoff, underground underground river analogue means, temperature simulator are closed；Observe table soil, country rock, open pit slope,
Working pit edge composition, step upper brace, bench face, coal seam, carbonaceous mudstone and lay drilling and water-filling discharge level and freeze to become
Law simultaneously records；Temperature control is entered in model casing in the condition of high temperature, air by air hose by temperature control system；
Runoff, underground underground river analogue means are opened, the water in device simulates underground percolation flow by water-pressure regulating device, and water passes through simulation
Underground river feed pipe is flowed into simulation underground river, and the water for simulating underground river penetrates into Open pit Area；Observe and record different underground river flow conditions
Under, country rock, open pit slope, working pit edge composition, step upper brace, bench face, coal seam and carbonaceous mudstone Shui Run, gush
Water phenomenon, lay drilling water-filling water level phenomenon；After water burst occurs in simulation, runoff, underground underground river analogue means, temperature mould are closed
Intend device, by bottom tank, open drainpipe to sewer draining, observation table soil, country rock, open pit slope, working pit edge
Composition, step upper brace, bench face, step lower platform, coal seam, carbonaceous mudstone and lay drilling water-filling discharge level
Changing rule simultaneously records；There are a large amount of water in step lower platform in experimentation, need to open drainpipe and carry out draining；This experiment
The circulation of hypo-hyperthermia condition class is carried out.After experiment terminates, by bottom tank, drainpipe is opened to sewer draining, treats bottom
After portion's tank current, drainpipe is closed, closes video camera.The video of video camera is exported, analysis hypo-hyperthermia circulates, no
With runoff rate to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining and litchi freezing pattern and the origin cause of formation.
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has the beneficial effect that：
Seasonal variations runoff and underground water of the present invention influence monitoring model to High aititude opencut, and the experimental model can ocular demonstration
Illustrate consider different temperatures, runoff rate and seepage flow flow effect Imitating have nature of ground, different parts of digging up mine water
Bit line and Freeze-thawing Characteristics, the outdoor mineral water of the High aititude of seasonal variations is influenceed to provide guidance, a vivid exhibition is provided for teaching
Show platform.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that seasonal variations runoff and underground water influence monitoring model top view to High aititude opencut.
Fig. 2 is that seasonal variations runoff and underground water influence monitoring model side view to High aititude opencut.
In figure mark for：1- temperature simulators, 2- air hoses, 3- runoffs, underground underground river analogue means, 4- runoff simulations
Feed pipe, 5- simulation underground river feed pipes, 6- runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches, 7- simulations underground river, 8- tables soil, 9- country rocks, the mutual layered minerals of 10-
Body, 11- open pit slopes, 12- working pit edges composition, 13- steps upper brace, 14- bench faces, 15- lay drilling, 16-
Step lower platform, 17- bottoms tank, 18- drainpipes, 19- model outer covers, 20- model supports, 21- angle steel reinforceds, 22- moulds
At the top of type, 23- video cameras, 24- runoffs collect water tank, A- coal seams, B- carbonaceous mudstones.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is elaborated with reference to drawings and examples of the present invention.
Xinjiang Tianshan mountain range at certain colliery field, minimum height above sea level 3265m, highest height above sea level 4023m, ore field east alpine zone
Snowmelt runoff belongs to continental arid for the main supply source ore field of local ground watering and puna, winter avenge less, but by landform
The restriction of vertical zoning, summer more showers, daily maximum rainfall amount are 10.9mm, and ore field temperature Change is big, and the cold summer is cool, heat night in daytime
Cool, 1.2 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, 25 DEG C of daily maximum temperature, -28.5 DEG C of the lowest temperature, freezing period, is typically in annual October to next year
April, maximum depth of frozen ground 3.69m.
As shown in figure 1, monitoring model of the present invention includes temperature simulator 1, runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, outdoor
Ore deposit model, drainage arrangement, model casing and video camera 23 form；
Described temperature simulator 1 includes refrigeration system, heating, temperature control system and air hose 2, wherein, it is described
Refrigeration system be arranged at model side, for simulating -35 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C of weather conditions, the heating simulates 0 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C
Weather conditions, refrigeration, heating by temp testing controlling system control, air hose by hot and cold air importing model top；
Described runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 include water tank, water pump, water-pressure regulating device, runoff simulation feed pipe 4, mould
Intend underground river feed pipe 5 and runoff collects water tank 24, wherein, the runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are arranged at model side,
Runoff collects water tank 24 and is arranged at model opposite side, and runoff simulation feed pipe 3 is connected with runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6, runoff simulation ditch
Canal 6 is collected water tank 24 with runoff and is connected, and simulation underground river feed pipe 5 is connected with simulation underground river 7；
Described opencut model forms 7, table soil 8, the and of country rock 9 inside model casing and by runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6, simulation underground river
To excavate sulculus at the top of opencut model, simulation underground river composition 7 is to reveal for mutual bank of ore 10, wherein runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6
The stephanoporate round tube of certain length is laid inside its ore deposit model, table soil 8, country rock 9 and mutual bank of ore 10 are by simulation ground, rock mass material
The bed of material forms, wherein mutual bank of ore carbonaceous mudstone B and the alternate rock mass of coal A, mining area surface is by open pit slope 11 and work
Make side composition 12, the step of working pit edge includes step upper brace 13, bench face 14, lays drilling 15 and step lower platform
16；
Described drainage arrangement includes bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18, wherein, the bottom tank 17 is arranged at model bottom,
Described one end of drainpipe 18 is connected with bottom tank 17, other end connection sewer；
Described model casing includes model outer cover 19 and model support 20, wherein, described model outer cover model outer cover is by organic
Glass plate is bonded, and surrounding skeleton is detachable using at the top of angle steel reinforced 21, model 22, and model is placed on by steel construction group
Into, on the model support 20 of certain altitude；
Video camera 23 changes over time the video camera of relation for monitoring water level and freezeout.
Embodiment 1：Simulate the influence of summer high temperature, different runoff rates to opencut mining area：Video camera 23 is opened, is opened
Temperature simulator 1, temperature control is entered in 35 DEG C of conditions of high temperature, high temperature air by air hose 2 by temperature control system
Enter in model casing；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device simulates different run-offs by water-pressure regulating device,
Water is flowed into runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 by runoff simulation feed pipe 4, and the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 penetrates into Open pit Area, simulates footpath
The water of stream irrigation canals and ditches 6 finally flows into runoff and collects water tank 24；Under the conditions of observing and recording different runoff rates, opencut table soil 8, enclose
Rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge form 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B
Water profit, water burst phenomenon, lay 15 water-filling water level phenomenons of drilling；After water burst occurs in simulation, runoff, underground underground river simulation dress are closed
3, temperature simulator 1 is put, by bottom tank 17, opens drainpipe 18 to sewer draining, observation table soil 8, country rock 9, dew
Its stope-boundary 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16, coal seam A, carbonaceous
Mud stone B and the changing rule and record for laying 15 water-filling discharge levels of drilling, after treating the current of bottom tank 17, close draining
Pipe 18, close video camera 23.Export the video of video camera 23, analysis high temperature, different runoff rates to the water burst in opencut mining area,
Draining rule and the origin cause of formation.
Embodiment 2：Simulate the influence of summer high temperature, different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area：Video camera 23 is opened, is opened
Temperature simulator 1, temperature control is entered in 35 DEG C of conditions of high temperature, high temperature air by air hose 2 by temperature control system
Enter in model casing；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device simulates underground percolation stream by water-pressure regulating device
Amount, water are flowed into simulation underground river 7 by simulating underground river feed pipe 5, and the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area；Observe and record
Under different underground river flow conditions, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face
14th, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B water profit, water burst phenomenon, 15 water-filling water level phenomenons of drilling are laid；After water burst occurs in simulation, close
Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulator 1 are closed, by bottom tank 17, opens drainpipe 18 to sewer row
Water, observation table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step
Lower platform 16, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and the changing rule and record of laying 15 water-filling discharge levels of drilling, treat bottom tank
After 17 current, drainpipe 18 is closed, closes video camera 23.Export the video of video camera 23, analysis high temperature, different seepage flow streams
Amount is to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining rule and the origin cause of formation.
Embodiment 3：Simulate the influence of summer high temperature, different runoff rates and different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area：Beat
Video camera 23 is driven, opens temperature simulator 1, it is by temperature control system that temperature control is empty in 35 DEG C of conditions of high temperature, high temperature
Gas is entered in model casing by air hose 2；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device is by water-pressure regulating device
Different run-offs are simulated, water is flowed into runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 by runoff simulation feed pipe 4, and the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 penetrates into
Open pit Area, the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 finally flow into runoff and collect water tank 24；Water in device is simulated by water-pressure regulating device
Underground percolation flow, water are flowed into simulation underground river 7 by simulating underground river feed pipe 5, and the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area；
Observe and record different runoff rates and different seepage flow flows, opencut table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge
Water profit, the water burst for forming 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B are existing
As laying 15 water-filling water level phenomenons of drilling；After water burst occurs in simulation, runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature mould are closed
Intend device 1, by bottom tank 17, open drainpipe 18 to sewer draining, observation table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope
11st, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and cloth
If the changing rule and record of the 15 water-filling discharge levels that drill, after treating the current of bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is closed, is closed
Video camera 23.The video of video camera 23 is exported, analysis high temperature, different runoff rates and seepage flow flow gush to opencut mining area
Water, draining rule and the origin cause of formation.
Embodiment 4：Simulate the influence of spring or autumn low temperature, different runoff rates to opencut mining area：Open video camera
23, runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device simulates different run-offs by water-pressure regulating device, and water passes through mould
Intend runoff feed pipe 4 to flow into runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6, the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 penetrates into Open pit Area and freezeout, simulation
The water of runoff irrigation canals and ditches 6 finally flows into runoff and collects water tank 24；After water burst phenomenon occurs in open pit slope 11, temperature mould is opened
Intend device 1, temperature control is entered by model by air hose 2 in -30 DEG C of low-temperature conditions, Cryogenic air by temperature control system
In case, adjustment runoff rate makes runoff occur without icing phenomenon；Under the conditions of observing and recording different runoff rates, opencut table soil
8th, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16,
Coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B freezeout；Treat that runoff, underground underground river analogue means after expansion, are not closed in model blocking region
3rd, temperature simulator 1, by bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is opened to sewer draining, it is observation table soil 8, country rock 9, outdoor
Stope-boundary 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and laying drilling 15
Water-filling discharge level and freeze changing rule and record, after treating the current of bottom tank 17, close drainpipe 18, close shooting
Machine 23.The video of video camera 23 is exported, analysis low temperature, different runoff rates to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining and freeze to advise
Rule and the origin cause of formation.
Embodiment 5：Simulate the influence of winter low temperature, different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area：Video camera 23 is opened, is opened
Temperature simulator 1, temperature control is entered in -30 DEG C of low-temperature conditions, Cryogenic air by air hose 2 by temperature control system
Enter in model casing；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device simulates underground percolation stream by water-pressure regulating device
Amount, water are flowed into simulation underground river 7 by simulating underground river feed pipe 5, and the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area and freezeout；
Observe and record under different underground river flow conditions, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace
13rd, water profit, water burst and the freezeout of bench face 14, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B, 15 water-filling water levels of drilling is laid, are freezed now
As；Treat that model blocking region after expansion, does not close runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulator 1, passes through bottom
Tank 17, open drainpipe 18 to sewer draining, observation table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12,
Step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and lay drilling 15 water-filling discharge levels and freeze change rule
Restrain and record, after treating the current of bottom tank 17, close drainpipe 18, close video camera 23.The video of video camera 23 is exported,
Low temperature, different runoff rates are analyzed to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining and litchi freezing pattern and the origin cause of formation.
Embodiment 6：Simulate the shadow of spring or autumn low temperature, different runoff rates and different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area
Ring：The influence of low temperature, different runoff rates to opencut mining area：Video camera 23 is opened, opens runoff, underground underground river analogue means
3, the water in device simulates different run-offs by water-pressure regulating device, and water passes through runoff simulation feed pipe 4 and flows into runoff simulation ditch
In canal 6, the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 penetrates into Open pit Area and freezeout, and the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 finally flows into runoff receipts
Header tank 24；Water in device simulates underground percolation flow by water-pressure regulating device, and water flows into mould by simulating underground river feed pipe 5
Intend in underground river 7, the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area；After water burst phenomenon occurs in open pit slope 11, temperature mould is opened
Intend device 1, temperature control is entered by model by air hose 2 in -30 DEG C of low-temperature conditions, Cryogenic air by temperature control system
In case, adjustment runoff rate makes runoff occur without icing phenomenon；Observe and record different runoff rates and different seepage flow flow bars
Under part, opencut table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14,
The freezeout of step lower platform 16, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B；Treat model blocking region not after expansion, close runoff,
Underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulator 1, by bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is opened to sewer draining, observation
Table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A, carbonaceous
Mud stone B and lay drilling and 15 water-filling discharge levels and freeze changing rule and record, after treating the current of bottom tank 17, close
Drainpipe 18, close video camera 23.The video of video camera 23 is exported, exports the video of video camera 23, analysis high temperature, different runoffs
Flow and seepage flow flow are to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining and litchi freezing pattern and the origin cause of formation.
Embodiment 7：Under the conditions of simulating Low Temperature in Spring-high temperature circulation, influence of the different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area：Beat
Video camera 23 is driven, opens temperature simulator 1, it is by temperature control system that temperature control is empty in -10 DEG C of low-temperature conditions, low temperature
Gas is entered in model casing by air hose 2；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device is by water-pressure regulating device
Underground percolation flow is simulated, water is flowed into simulation underground river 7 by simulating underground river feed pipe 5, and the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into opencut
Area and freezeout；Observe and record under different underground river flow conditions, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12,
Step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B water profit, water burst and freezeout, lay drilling 15 and fill
Water water level, freezeout；Treat that runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulation after expansion, are not closed in model blocking region
Device 1；Observe table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14,
Coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and lay drilling and 15 water-filling discharge levels and freeze changing rule and record；Pass through temperature control system
Temperature control is entered in model casing in 20 DEG C of state of temperatures, air by air hose 2；Open runoff, underground underground river simulation dress
Put 3, the water in device simulates underground percolation flow by water-pressure regulating device, and to flow into simulation dark by simulating underground river feed pipe 5 for water
In river 7, the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area；Observe and record under different underground river flow conditions, country rock 9, excavating plant side
Side 11, working pit edge form 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B water profit, water burst phenomenon,
Lay 15 water-filling water level phenomenons of drilling；After water burst occurs in simulation, runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulation dress are closed
1 is put, by bottom tank 17, opens drainpipe 18 to sewer draining, observation table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, work
Make side composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and lay drilling
The changing rule and record of 15 water-filling discharge levels；There are a large amount of water in step lower platform 16 in experimentation, need to open draining
Pipe 18 carries out draining；The hypo-hyperthermia condition class circulation of this experiment is carried out.After experiment terminates, by bottom tank 17, open
Drainpipe 18 after treating the current of bottom tank 17, closes drainpipe 18, closes video camera 23 to sewer draining.Export is taken the photograph
The video of camera 23, the circulation of analysis hypo-hyperthermia, different runoff rates are to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining and litchi freezing pattern
And the origin cause of formation.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of seasonal variations runoff and underground water influence monitoring model to High aititude opencut, it is characterised in that including temperature
Analogue means, runoff, underground underground river analogue means, opencut model, drainage arrangement, model casing and video camera composition.
2. temperature simulator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Including refrigeration system, heating, temperature control
System and air hose, refrigeration system are arranged at model side, for simulating -35 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C of weather conditions, heating simulation 0
DEG C ~ 40 DEG C of weather conditions, refrigeration, heating controlled by temp testing controlling system, and air hose is upper by hot and cold air importing model
Portion.
3. runoff according to claim 1, underground underground river analogue means, it is characterized in that：Including water tank, water pump, hydraulic pressure are adjusted
Regulating device, runoff simulation feed pipe, simulates underground river feed pipe and runoff collects water tank, and runoff, underground underground river analogue means are set
In model side, runoff collects water tank and is arranged at model opposite side, and runoff simulation feed pipe is connected with runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches, simulation
Runoff irrigation canals and ditches are collected water tank with runoff and are connected, and simulation underground river feed pipe is connected with simulation underground river.
4. opencut model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Inside model casing and by runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches, mould
Intend underground river composition, table soil, country rock and mutual bank of ore, wherein runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches are to excavate sulculus at the top of opencut model,
Underground river composition is simulated to lay the stephanoporate round tube of certain length inside opencut model, table soil, country rock and mutual bank of ore by
Ground, rock mass materials layer composition are simulated, wherein mutual bank of ore is country rock and the alternate rock mass of ore body, mining area surface is adopted by outdoor
Field highwall and working pit edge composition, the step of working pit edge include step upper brace, bench face, lay drilling and step lower flat
Platform.
5. a kind of seasonal variations runoff according to claim 1 and underground water influence monitoring model to High aititude opencut
Experimental method, it is characterized in that：
A, the influence of summer high temperature, different runoff rates to opencut mining area is simulated：Video camera 23 is opened, opens temperature simulation dress
1 is put, is entered temperature control in model casing by air hose 2 in 35 DEG C of conditions of high temperature, high temperature air by temperature control system；
Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device simulates different run-offs by water-pressure regulating device, and water passes through simulation
Runoff feed pipe 4 is flowed into runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6, and the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 penetrates into Open pit Area, runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6
Water finally flows into runoff and collects water tank 24；It is opencut table soil 8, country rock 9, outdoor under the conditions of observing and recording different runoff rates
Stope-boundary 11, working pit edge form 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B water profit, water burst
Phenomenon, lay 15 water-filling water level phenomenons of drilling；After water burst occurs in simulation, runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature are closed
Analogue means 1, by bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is opened to sewer draining, observation table soil 8, country rock 9, excavating plant side
Side 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and
The changing rule and record of 15 water-filling discharge levels of drilling are laid, after treating the current of bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is closed, closes
Close video camera 23；The video of video camera 23 is exported, analysis high temperature, different runoff rates are advised to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining
Rule and the origin cause of formation；
B, the influence of summer high temperature, different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area is simulated：Video camera 23 is opened, opens temperature simulation dress
1 is put, is entered temperature control in model casing by air hose 2 in 35 DEG C of conditions of high temperature, high temperature air by temperature control system；
Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device simulates underground percolation flow by water-pressure regulating device, and water passes through mould
Intend underground river feed pipe 5 to flow into simulation underground river 7, the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area；Observe and record different underground river flows
Under the conditions of, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A and carbon
Matter mud stone B water profit, water burst phenomenon, lays 15 water-filling water level phenomenons of drilling；After water burst occurs in simulation, runoff, underground are closed
Underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulator 1, by bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is opened to sewer draining, observation table soil
8th, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16,
Coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and the changing rule and record for laying 15 water-filling discharge levels of drilling, treat that the current of bottom tank 17 finish
Afterwards, drainpipe 18 is closed, closes video camera 23；The video of video camera 23 is exported, analysis high temperature, different seepage flow flows are to opencut
Water burst, draining rule and the origin cause of formation in mining area；
C, the influence of summer high temperature, different runoff rates and different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area is simulated：Video camera 23 is opened,
Temperature simulator 1 is opened, temperature control is passed through by air hose in 35 DEG C of conditions of high temperature, high temperature air by temperature control system
2 enter in model casing；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device simulates different runoffs by water-pressure regulating device
Amount, water are flowed into runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 by runoff simulation feed pipe 4, and the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 penetrates into Open pit Area, mould
The water for intending runoff irrigation canals and ditches 6 finally flows into runoff collection water tank 24；Water in device simulates underground percolation stream by water-pressure regulating device
Amount, water are flowed into simulation underground river 7 by simulating underground river feed pipe 5, and the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area；Observe and record
Different runoff rates and different seepage flow flows, opencut table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step
Upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B water profit, water burst phenomenon, lay drilling
15 water-filling water level phenomenons；After water burst occurs in simulation, runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulator 1 are closed, is passed through
Bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is opened to sewer draining, observation table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition
12nd, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and laying drilling 15 water-fillings row
The changing rule and record of water water level, after treating the current of bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is closed, closes video camera 23；Export
The video of video camera 23, analysis high temperature, different runoff rates and seepage flow flow to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining rule and into
Cause；
D, the influence of spring or autumn low temperature, different runoff rates to opencut mining area is simulated：Video camera 23 is opened, opens footpath
Flow, underground underground river analogue means 3, the water in device simulates different run-offs by water-pressure regulating device, and water is supplied by runoff simulation
Water pipe 4 is flowed into runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6, and the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 penetrates into Open pit Area and freezeout, runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches
6 water finally flows into runoff and collects water tank 24；After water burst phenomenon occurs in open pit slope 11, temperature simulator 1 is opened,
Temperature control is entered in model casing in -30 DEG C of low-temperature conditions, Cryogenic air by air hose 2 by temperature control system, adjusted
Whole runoff rate makes runoff occur without icing phenomenon；Under the conditions of observing and recording different runoff rates, opencut table soil 8, country rock
9th, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16, coal seam A
With carbonaceous mudstone B freezeout；Treat that runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature after expansion, are not closed in model blocking region
Analogue means 1 is spent, by bottom tank 17, opens drainpipe 18 to sewer draining, observation table soil 8, country rock 9, excavating plant
Highwall 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and laying 15 water-fillings of drilling
Discharge level and freeze changing rule and record, after treating the current of bottom tank 17, close drainpipe 18, close video camera
23；The video of video camera 23 is exported, analysis low temperature, different runoff rates are to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining and litchi freezing pattern
And the origin cause of formation；
E, the influence of winter low temperature, different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area is simulated：Video camera 23 is opened, opens temperature simulation dress
1 is put, temperature control is entered by model casing by air hose 2 in -30 DEG C of low-temperature conditions, Cryogenic air by temperature control system
It is interior；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device simulates underground percolation flow by water-pressure regulating device, and water passes through
Simulate underground river feed pipe 5 to flow into simulation underground river 7, the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area and freezeout；Observe and record
Under different underground river flow conditions, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face
14th, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B water profit, water burst and freezeout, 15 water-filling water levels of drilling, freezeout are laid；Treat that model freezes
Tie region after expansion, does not close runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulator 1, by bottom tank 17, opens
Drainpipe 18 forms 12, step upper brace to sewer draining, observation table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge
13rd, bench face 14, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and lay drilling and 15 water-filling discharge levels and freeze changing rule and record, treat
After the current of bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is closed, closes video camera 23；Export the video of video camera 23, analysis low temperature, no
With runoff rate to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining and litchi freezing pattern and the origin cause of formation；
F, the influence of spring or autumn low temperature, different runoff rates and different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area is simulated：Low temperature, no
With influence of the runoff rate to opencut mining area：Video camera 23 is opened, runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, in device
Water simulates different run-offs by water-pressure regulating device, and water is flowed into runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 by runoff simulation feed pipe 4, simulation
The water of runoff irrigation canals and ditches 6 penetrates into Open pit Area and freezeout, and the water of runoff simulation irrigation canals and ditches 6 finally flows into runoff and collects water tank 24；
Water in device simulates underground percolation flow by water-pressure regulating device, and water flows into simulation underground river 7 by simulating underground river feed pipe 5
In, the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area；After water burst phenomenon occurs in open pit slope 11, temperature simulator is opened
1, temperature control is entered in model casing in -30 DEG C of low-temperature conditions, Cryogenic air by air hose 2 by temperature control system,
Adjustment runoff rate makes runoff occur without icing phenomenon；Observe and record different runoff rates and different seepage flow flow conditions under,
Opencut table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step
The freezeout of lower platform 16, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B；Treat that runoff, underground after expansion, are not closed in model blocking region
Underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulator 1, by bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is opened to sewer draining, observation table soil
8th, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B
With lay 15 water-filling discharge levels of drilling and freeze changing rule and record, after treating the current of bottom tank 17, close draining
Pipe 18, close video camera 23；The video of video camera 23 is exported, exports the video of video camera 23, analysis high temperature, different runoff rates
With seepage flow flow to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining and litchi freezing pattern and the origin cause of formation；
G, under the conditions of simulating Low Temperature in Spring-high temperature circulation, influence of the different seepage flow flows to opencut mining area：Open video camera
23, temperature simulator 1 is opened, temperature control is passed through by sky in -10 DEG C of low-temperature conditions, Cryogenic air by temperature control system
Tracheae 2 enters in model casing；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, the water in device simulates underground by water-pressure regulating device
Seepage flow flow, water are flowed into simulation underground river 7 by simulating underground river feed pipe 5, and the water on simulation underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area and freezed
Phenomenon；Observe and record under different underground river flow conditions, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step top
Platform 13, bench face 14, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B water profit, water burst and freezeout, lay 15 water-filling water levels of drilling, freeze
Tie phenomenon；Treat that runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulator 1 after expansion, are not closed in model blocking region；Observation
Table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A, carbonaceous
Mud stone B and lay drilling and 15 water-filling discharge levels and freeze changing rule and record；By temperature control system by temperature control
In 20 DEG C of state of temperatures, air is entered in model casing by air hose 2；Runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3 are opened, in device
Water by water-pressure regulating device simulate underground percolation flow, water by simulate underground river feed pipe 5 flow into simulation underground river 7 in, simulation
The water on underground river 7 penetrates into Open pit Area；Observe and record under different underground river flow conditions, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, work
Side forms 12, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, coal seam A and carbonaceous mudstone B water profit, water burst phenomenon, lays drilling 15
Water-filling water level phenomenon；After water burst occurs in simulation, runoff, underground underground river analogue means 3, temperature simulator 1 are closed, passes through bottom
Portion's tank 17, drainpipe 18 is opened to sewer draining, observation table soil 8, country rock 9, open pit slope 11, working pit edge composition
12nd, step upper brace 13, bench face 14, step lower platform 16, coal seam A, carbonaceous mudstone B and laying drilling 15 water-fillings row
The changing rule and record of water water level；There are a large amount of water in step lower platform 16 in experimentation, need to open drainpipe 18 and carry out
Draining；The hypo-hyperthermia condition class circulation of this experiment is carried out；After experiment terminates, by bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is opened
To sewer draining, after treating the current of bottom tank 17, drainpipe 18 is closed, closes video camera 23；Export video camera 23
Video, the circulation of analysis hypo-hyperthermia, different runoff rates are to the water burst in opencut mining area, draining and litchi freezing pattern and the origin cause of formation.
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