CN107793974A - 一种纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107793974A
CN107793974A CN201711000973.5A CN201711000973A CN107793974A CN 107793974 A CN107793974 A CN 107793974A CN 201711000973 A CN201711000973 A CN 201711000973A CN 107793974 A CN107793974 A CN 107793974A
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吕任戎
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Abstract

本发明提供纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂及其制备方法,其特征在于,由下列重量份的原料制成:甲醛40~50份,埃洛石1~10份,二氧化钛1~10份,尿素20~30份,淀粉1~10份。本发明的脲醛树脂胶黏剂能够利用纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛吸收游离的甲醛,从根本上解决当前甲醛残留量过高的问题。而且纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛还可以增强本发明产品的黏度及胶接强度。本发明的脲醛树脂胶黏剂的制备工艺简单,易于工业化生产。

Description

一种纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂及其制备 方法
技术领域
本发明涉及胶黏剂技术领域,尤其涉及一种纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂及其制备方法。
技术背景
目前甲醛污染已经成为室内最大的污染源,严重地威胁着人类的身心健康。甲醛主要来源于制造人造板使用的“三醛”胶黏剂,尤以脲醛树脂胶黏剂为主,占胶黏剂用量的90%以上。为在源头上降低游离甲醛的污染,需严格控制脲醛树脂胶黏剂合成工艺,采取调整树脂合成的温度、pH值、各阶段反应时间、甲醛/尿素的摩尔比、尿素的加入次数、或在树脂合成过程中加入适量的三聚氰胺、苯酚、聚乙烯醇等改性剂,其中改性剂是实现脲醛树脂低毒化的简单、易行途径,但价格昂贵的改性剂显然不利于环保胶黏剂的推广使用。
近年来,国内外开始通过纳米材料改善胶黏剂的性能。埃洛石的化学组成为Al2[Si2O5](OH)4·2H2O,属单斜晶系的含水层状结构硅酸盐矿物。晶体结构相似于高岭土,也属于l:l型结构单元层的二八面体型结构,但结构单元层之间有层间水存在,故也称多水高岭石。在50~90℃失去大部分层间水,成为埃洛石。埃洛石通常呈致密块状或土状,在电子显微镜下呈直的或弯曲的管状形态,在透射电镜下呈天然的纳米中空管状物,管外径为20~50nm,内径为5~10nm,长为几百纳米不等。近几年,有研究者将埃洛石作为纳米填充物填充到聚合物中形成聚合物纳米复合材料,发现在聚合物中添加埃洛石后所形成的纳米复合材料的力学性能、热稳定性和阻燃性都得到较大提高。
二氧化钛(化学式:TiO2),白色固体或粉末状的两性氧化物,是一种白色无机颜料,具有无毒、最佳的不透明性、最佳白度和光亮度,被认为是目前世界上性能最好的一种白色颜料。钛白的粘附力强,不易起化学变化,永远是雪白的。广泛应用于涂料、塑料、造纸、印刷油墨、化纤、橡胶、化妆品等工业。
发明内容
为了弥补现有技术的缺陷,本发明提供一种纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂及其制备方法,以降低脲醛树脂胶黏剂中甲醛的含量。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂及其制备方法,其特征在于原料组成和制备步骤如下:
(1)纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛的酸化
分别将100g埃洛石加入500ml浓硫酸和浓销酸(体积比3:1)的混酸中,在50℃下超声4h,功率200W、频率40KHz,冷却后用1000ml去离子水稀释,并用去离子水洗至中性,110℃下干燥12h,研磨过200目筛,备用。
所述埃洛石管外径为20~50nm,内径为5~10nm。
分别将100g二氧化钛加入500ml浓硫酸和浓销酸(体积比3:1)的混酸中,在50℃下超声4h,功率200W、频率40KHz,冷却后用1000ml去离子水稀释,用0.2μ的微孔膜过滤,并用去离子水洗至中性,110℃下干燥12h,研磨过200目筛,备用。
所述二氧化钛粒径为100nm。
(2)纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂的制备
①将甲醛40~50份用10%的氢氧化钠调节至pH 8.5,加入0.5~5份埃洛石、0.5~5份二氧化钛、10~15份尿素、0.5~5份淀粉,升温至80℃,反应1h。②再加入0.5~5份埃洛石、0.5~5份二氧化钛、10~15份尿素、0.5~5份淀粉,用10%的氯化铵调节pH至4.8,继续反应1h。③用10%的氢氧化钠调节pH至8.5,冷却即可得到脲醛树脂胶黏剂。
本发明的优点与效果
采用酸化后的纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛作为改性剂制备脲醛树脂胶黏剂,由于埃洛石具有类似于碳纳米管的管状结构,可与脲醛树脂中的游离甲醛结合,进而降低游离甲醛的含量;纳米二氧化钛亦可降低甲醛的含量。而且,纳米颗粒的加入,可有效的提高脲醛树脂胶黏剂的胶合强度。本发明的脲醛树脂胶黏剂的制备工艺简单,易于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的描述,但不发明不限于这些实施例。
实施例1
①将甲醛40份用10%的氢氧化钠调节至pH 8.5,加入2份埃洛石、1份二氧化钛、2份淀、粉10份尿素,升温至80℃,反应1h。②再加入2份埃洛石、1份二氧化钛、2份淀、10份尿素,并用10%的氯化铵调节pH至4.8,继续反应1h。③用10%的氢氧化钠调节pH至8.5,冷却即可得到脲醛树脂胶黏剂。
本实施例1所制备胶黏剂的主要性能如表1所示,其中黏度、固化时间和游离甲醛参照国标GB/T14074-2006标准进行测定,胶接强度参照国标GB/T14074-2006标准进行测定。
表1
性能项目 测试结果
游离甲醛含量(mg/L) 0.35
黏度(mPa·s) 19.4
固化时间(s) 90
胶接强度(MPa) 1.6
实施例2
①将甲醛40份用10%的氢氧化钠调节至pH 8.5,加入4份埃洛石、2份二氧化钛、2份淀、粉10份尿素,升温至80℃,反应1h。②再加入4份埃洛石、2份二氧化钛、2份淀、10份尿素,并用10%的氯化铵调节pH至4.8,继续反应1h。③用10%的氢氧化钠调节pH至8.5,冷却即可得到脲醛树脂胶黏剂。
本实施例1所制备胶黏剂的主要性能如表2
表2
性能项目 测试结果
游离甲醛含量(mg/L) 0.25
黏度(mPa·s) 20.8
固化时间(s) 100
胶接强度(MPa) 1.8
实施例3
①将甲醛45份用10%的氢氧化钠调节至pH 8.5,加入2份埃洛石、2份二氧化钛、3份淀、粉15份尿素,升温至80℃,反应1h。②再加入2份埃洛石、2份二氧化钛、3份淀、15份尿素,并用10%的氯化铵调节pH至4.8,继续反应1h。③用10%的氢氧化钠调节pH至8.5,冷却即可得到脲醛树脂胶黏剂。
本实施例1所制备胶黏剂的主要性能如表3
表3
性能项目 测试结果
游离甲醛含量(mg/L) 0.27
黏度(mPa·s) 20.3
固化时间(s) 96
胶接强度(MPa) 1.7
实施例4
①将甲醛50份用10%的氢氧化钠调节至pH 8.5,加入3份埃洛石、3份二氧化钛、5份淀、粉14份尿素,升温至80℃,反应1h。②再加入3份埃洛石、3份二氧化钛、5份淀、14份尿素,并用10%的氯化铵调节pH至4.8,继续反应1h。③用10%的氢氧化钠调节pH至8.5,冷却即可得到脲醛树脂胶黏剂。
本实施例1所制备胶黏剂的主要性能如表4
表4
性能项目 测试结果
游离甲醛含量(mg/L) 0.33
黏度(mPa·s) 17.6
固化时间(s) 103
胶接强度(MPa) 1.5
实施例5
①将甲醛50份用10%的氢氧化钠调节至pH 8.5,加入4份埃洛石、3份二氧化钛、4份淀、粉20份尿素,升温至80℃,反应1h。②再加入2份埃洛石、1份二氧化钛、3份淀、15份尿素,并用10%的氯化铵调节pH至4.8,继续反应1h。③用10%的氢氧化钠调节pH至8.5,冷却即可得到脲醛树脂胶黏剂。
本实施例1所制备胶黏剂的主要性能如表2
表2
性能项目 测试结果
游离甲醛含量(mg/L) 0.29
黏度(mPa·s) 19.3
固化时间(s) 111
胶接强度(MPa) 1.9

Claims (4)

1.一种纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂,其特征在于,由下列重量份的原料制成:甲醛40~50份,埃洛石1~10份,二氧化钛1~10份,尿素20~30份,淀粉1~10份。
2.根据要求1所述的纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂,其特征在于,所述纳米埃洛石和二氧化钛需经酸化处理,步骤为:将100g纳米材料加入500ml体积比3:1浓硫酸和浓销酸的混酸中,在50℃下超声4h,功率200W、频率40KHz,冷却后用1000ml去离子水稀释,并用去离子水洗至中性,110℃下干燥12h,研磨过200目筛即可。
3.根据要求1或2所述的纳米材料改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂,其特征在于,所述纳米埃洛石管外径为20~50nm,内径为5~10nm,所述二氧化钛粒径为100nm。
4.一种如要求1所述纳米材料改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
①将甲醛40~50份用10%的氢氧化钠调节至pH 8.5,加入0.5~5份埃洛石、0.5~5份二氧化钛、10~15份尿素、0.5~5份淀粉,升温至80℃,反应1h;
②再加入0.5~5份埃洛石、0.5~5份二氧化钛、10~15份尿素、0.5~5份淀粉,用10%的氯化铵调节pH至4.8,继续反应1h;
③用10%的氢氧化钠调节pH至8.5,冷却即可得到脲醛树脂胶黏剂。
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CN103275660A (zh) * 2013-06-20 2013-09-04 李季 碳纳米管改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂的制备方法

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