CN107773608A - 一种用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于兽药制剂技术领域，具体涉及一种用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂及其制备方法。治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，是由以下重量份的组分制成：威灵仙30‑70份，鱼腥草30‑70份，红花10‑50份，乳香5‑30份，没药5‑30份，所述原料组分中还包括透皮促进剂1‑15份，所述透皮促进剂为癸基甲基亚砜和氮酮。本发明提供的用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，一方面可避免肝脏首过效应，生物利用度高，另一方面通过癸基甲基亚砜与氮酮的协同透皮促进作用，药物可更有效地作用于动物的患病部位，释药速率稳定，毒副作用小，用药方便，利于长期治疗。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于兽药制剂技术领域，具体涉及一种用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
腐蹄病也叫蹄间腐烂或趾间腐烂，秋季易发病，是羊、牛、猪、马都能够发生的一种传染病，是由坏死杆菌侵入蹄缝内，造成蹄质变软、烂伤流出脓性分泌物。其特征是局部组织发炎、坏死。因为该病常侵害蹄部，因而称 “腐蹄病”。此病在我国各地都有发生，尤其在西北的广大牧区常呈地方性流行，对动物的发展危害很大。腐蹄病是影响动物生产的重要疾病之一，在我国各地都表现出较高的发病率。舍饲牛群中发病率高者可达到30-40%。腐蹄病的发生不仅影响产奶和运动，严重者常常导致淘汰。该病主要是因牛栏过度潮湿，蹄部长期被粪尿浸渍角质软化，感染坏死杆菌，促成蹄间腐烂所致。牛蹄被碎石块、异物茬尖等刺伤后被污物封围，形成缺氧状况，也是发生本病的因素。传统治疗多用患部清洗消毒、涂鱼石脂和松馏油、敷药粉包扎等，实施困难，效果不理想。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，以解决治疗腐蹄病已有药物较单一，用药不方便，疗效较差等问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
一种用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，是由以下重量份的组分制成：威灵仙30-70份，鱼腥草30-70份，红花10-50份，乳香5-30份，没药5-30份，所述原料组分中还包括透皮促进剂1-15份。
本发明配方按重量进一步优选为：威灵仙40-60份，鱼腥草40-60份，红花20-40份，乳香10-20份，没药10-20份，所述原料组分中还包括透皮促进剂2-10份。
所述透皮促进剂为癸基甲基亚砜和氮酮。
所述的用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂的制备方法包括以下步骤：（1）按重量份称取威灵仙、鱼腥草、红花、乳香、没药，加入6-8倍药材总量的水浸泡2小时，煎煮三次，分别为2小时、2小时、1小时，合并三次滤液，旋转蒸发浓缩滤液至相对密度为1.10-1.20；（2）向（1）制得的溶液中加入4倍量95%乙醇，搅拌混匀后冷藏过夜，上清液回收乙醇后再重复醇沉、回收乙醇2次，所得溶液过滤备用；（3）在（2）制得的溶液中加入癸基甲基亚砜与氮酮，搅拌均匀，过滤备用。
本发明组方各原料药的功效解析如下：
威灵仙：具有祛风除湿，通络止痛的功效。用于风湿痹痛，肢体麻木，筋脉拘挛，屈伸不利等疾病。
鱼腥草：性寒凉。能清热解毒、消肿疗疮、利尿除湿，现代药理实验表明，本品具有抗菌、抗病毒、提高机体免疫力等作用。
红花：性温，味辛，活血通经、散瘀止痛。用于症瘕痞块、跌打损伤等。
乳香：性苦，温。调气活血，定痛。治气血凝滞、心腹疼痛，痈疮肿毒，跌打损伤等。
没药：有活血止痛、消肿生肌等功效。配乳香，活血散瘀、行气舒筋。
本发明是在中兽医卫气营血辩证理论方法的指导下，按君臣佐使的原则来配伍各药，具有清热解毒，消肿止痛，敛腐生肌，增强机体免疫力等功效。
用法：根据患部面积直接喷洒或涂抹于患病动物的蹄部表面。
通过以上技术方案，本发明的有益效果为：本发明提供的用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，一方面可避免肝脏首过效应，生物利用度高，另一方面通过癸基甲基亚砜与氮酮的协同透皮促进作用，药物可更有效地作用于动物的患病部位，释药速率稳定，毒副作用小，用药方便，利于长期治疗。采用本发明方法治疗牛羊腐蹄病，具有清热解毒，消肿止痛，敛腐生肌，增强机体免疫力等功效。临床应用具有高效低毒，不易产生耐药性，低残留，使用方便，快捷等优势，适合动物使用，尤其是集约化饲养动物的给药。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作详细描述。
实施例1：
一种用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，由以下重量份的组分制成：威灵仙60份，鱼腥草60份，红花40份，乳香20份，没药20份，总量为500g。
制备上述用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂的方法包括以下步骤：（1）取各味中药加入8倍药材总量的水浸泡2小时，煎煮三次，分别为2小时、2小时、1小时，合并三次滤液，旋转蒸发浓缩滤液至相对密度为1.20；（2）向（1）制得的溶液中加入4倍量95%乙醇，搅拌混匀后冷藏过夜，上清液回收乙醇后再重复醇沉、回收乙醇2次，所得溶液过滤备用；（3）在（2）制得的溶液中加入3%的癸基甲基亚砜和4%的氮酮，搅拌均匀，过滤即得。
实施例2：
一种用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，由以下重量份的组分制成：威灵仙50份，鱼腥草50份，红花30份，乳香15份，没药15份，总量为500g。
制备上述用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂的方法包括以下步骤：（1）取各味中药加入7倍药材总量的水浸泡2小时，煎煮三次，分别为2小时、2小时、1小时，合并三次滤液，旋转蒸发浓缩滤液至相对密度为1.15；（2）向（1）制得的溶液中加入4倍量95%乙醇，搅拌混匀后冷藏过夜，上清液回收乙醇后再重复醇沉、回收乙醇2次，所得溶液过滤备用；（3）在（2）制得的溶液中加入2%的癸基甲基亚砜和3%的氮酮，搅拌均匀，过滤即得。
实施例3：
一种用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，由以下重量份的组分制成：威灵仙40份，鱼腥草40份，红花20份，乳香10份，没药10份，总量为500g。
制备上述用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂的方法包括以下步骤：（1）取各味中药加入6倍药材总量的水浸泡2小时，煎煮三次，分别为2小时、2小时、1小时，合并三次滤液，旋转蒸发浓缩滤液至相对密度为1.10；（2）向（1）制得的溶液中加入4倍量95%乙醇，搅拌混匀后冷藏过夜，上清液回收乙醇后再重复醇沉、回收乙醇2次，所得溶液过滤备用；（3）在（2）制得的溶液中加入1%的癸基甲基亚砜和2%的氮酮，搅拌均匀，过滤即得。
实施效果：将制备得到的中药复方透皮剂进行临床试用观察。
观察对象：某奶牛场，一百余头牛陆续出现不同程度的蹄间和蹄冠皮肤充血、红肿，有的出现坏死，有恶臭分泌物，有的奶牛蹄间有不良肉芽组织增生，影响其日常行走，少数伴随精神、食欲不振，消瘦，产奶量下降等。
治疗：首先清洗、修蹄以除去蹄部腐败物、脓液，后采用实施例2的中药透皮剂适量喷洒于患处，连续两周。用药五天后，患病奶牛的蹄部腐烂症状逐渐消失，充血、红肿现象减轻，病变部位有少量新生组织长出，用药十天后蹄部无充血、红肿现象，病变部位基本愈合，奶牛逐渐开始正常行走，两周后，所有患病奶牛均恢复正常状态。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料组成：威灵仙30-70份，鱼腥草30-70份，红花10-50份，乳香5-30份，没药5-30份，所述原料组分中还包括透皮促进剂1-15份。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，其特征在于，具体由以下重量份的原料组分制成：威灵仙40-60份，鱼腥草40-60份，红花20-40份，乳香10-20份，没药10-20份，所述原料组分中还包括透皮促进剂2-10份。
3.如权利要求2所述的用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂，其特征在于，所述透皮促进剂为癸基甲基亚砜1-4份和氮酮1-6份。
4.一种制备如权利要求1所述的用于治疗动物腐蹄病的中药复方透皮剂的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：（1）按重量份称取威灵仙、鱼腥草、红花、乳香、没药，加入6-8倍药材总量的水浸泡2小时，煎煮三次，分别为2小时、2小时、1小时，合并三次滤液，旋转蒸发浓缩滤液至相对密度为1.10-1.20；（2）向（1）制得的溶液中加入4倍量95%乙醇，搅拌混匀后冷藏过夜，上清液回收乙醇后再重复醇沉、回收乙醇2次，所得溶液过滤备用；（3）在（2）制得的溶液中加入癸基甲基亚砜与氮酮，搅拌均匀，过滤备用。
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