CN107747911A - A kind of Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device - Google Patents
A kind of Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107747911A CN107747911A CN201710916193.9A CN201710916193A CN107747911A CN 107747911 A CN107747911 A CN 107747911A CN 201710916193 A CN201710916193 A CN 201710916193A CN 107747911 A CN107747911 A CN 107747911A
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- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000711 polarimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010052128 Glare Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004630 atomic force microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device, include laser, polarizer, aperture diaphragm, daylighting biconvex lens, field stop, analyzer and detector, polarizer is located at the front of laser, aperture diaphragm is located at the front of polarizer, piano convex cylindrical lens are provided between polarizer and aperture diaphragm, light trapping is provided with front of aperture diaphragm；Daylighting biconvex lens is obliquely installed the side in front of aperture diaphragm, and field stop is provided with collimation planoconvex spotlight in front of the light path of field stop, analyzer is provided with front of the light path of collimation planoconvex spotlight immediately ahead of the light path that daylighting biconvex lens is formed；Detector connects analyzer.The present invention is by using laser as light source, and design special light path scatterometry structure, under detector cooperation, the special appearance particulate matter such as spherical, elliposoidal that can be under nondestructive state in situ in quick identification air, cylindricality, and cost is low, easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to instrument and equipment technical field, is specifically related to a kind of identification for airborne particulate analyte detection and fills
Put.
Background technology
Particulate matter is the main reason of atmosphere pollution, as atmosphere polluting problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, particulate matter in air into
For the emphasis of domestic and international academia research.At present, the research to Atmospheric particulates is concentrated mainly on its physicochemical characteristics, such as
Granular size, pattern, color, surface characteristics, chemical composition, light scattering and absorption etc..Researcher by particulate matter more than
The process such as feature, research particulate matter is formed, migration, secondary chemical reaction, and parse contribution feelings of the different pollution sources to pollutant
Condition.
Shape characteristic is the important component of particulate matter analysis.Currently used method is micro-imaging method, this method
Particulate matter is shown by equipment such as light microscope, SEM, transmission electron microscope, AFMs
It is microcosmic to examine to obtain its shape characteristic.Currently, researcher just attempts to establish the individual particle characteristic spectrum storehouse based on pollution source, and
Pattern spectrum storehouse is wherein pith.Pattern composes the foundation in storehouse, is largely dependent upon to Massive Sample particulate matter pattern
The collection of information, this just proposes high requirement to the speed and cost of the collection of particulate matter topographical information.Micro-imaging method energy
The pattern of particulate matter is enough obtained, is the Main Means of present granule thing morphology analysis.But this method analysis time is longer, expense
Costliness, it is higher to operating personnel's technical requirements, therefore receive very big restriction.Micro-imaging method is generally required using filter membrane hand
Dynamic collection particulate matter sample, a large amount of particulate matter samples are deposited on filter membrane, and it is overlapping easily to occur particulate matter, and collision causes
Phenomena such as grain thing pattern changes, therefore the pattern to obtaining aerosol particles by micro causes very big influence.
In recent years, Tsing-Hua University Ma Hui seminars are found by theoretical research, different-shape particulate matter, and it scatters the inclined of light
Feature of shaking is different, and proposes the method that particulate matter special appearance is characterized using scattering polarization index.Therefore, polarimetry is utilized
The shape characteristic of method detection particulate matter is possibly realized, and the device of special Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification is needed for this
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defects of being directed to prior art, there is provided it is a kind of it is simple in construction, easy to operate,
Recognition speed is fast, cost is low, the device of Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification is realized using polarimetry technology.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：A kind of Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification
Device, it is characterised in that：Include laser, polarizer, aperture diaphragm, daylighting biconvex lens, field stop, analyzer and spy
Device is surveyed, polarizer is located at the front of laser, and aperture diaphragm is located at the front of polarizer, between polarizer and aperture diaphragm
Provided with piano convex cylindrical lens, light trapping, light trapping, aperture diaphragm, piano convex cylindrical lens and polarization are provided with front of aperture diaphragm
Alignd with the centre of luminescence of laser at the center of piece；Daylighting biconvex lens is obliquely installed the side in front of aperture diaphragm, its position
In the light path for producing scattering light because laser irradiates particulate matter in front of aperture diaphragm, field stop is located at daylighting biconvex lens
Immediately ahead of the light path of formation, collimation planoconvex spotlight is provided with front of the light path of field stop, before the light path of collimation planoconvex spotlight
Side is provided with analyzer, and analyzer, the center for collimating planoconvex spotlight, field stop and daylighting biconvex lens are mutually aligned, formation
The central junction line that central junction line is formed with light trapping and daylighting biconvex lens forms one and is more than 0 degree and is less than 90 degree of measurement
Angle theta, i.e. measurement angle are laterally disposed；By daylighting biconvex lens, field stop design combination, can effectively reduce spuious
Light enters detector, lifting measurement signal to noise ratio；Detector connects analyzer, and detector is connected with data acquisition and procession mould
Block.
Further, the measurement angle theta is lateral 85 degree, in order to reduce the measurement error that average effect may be brought,
The acceptance angle of daylighting biconvex lens is within ± 4 degree.
Further, to ensure detectivity and uniformity, the silicon photomultiplier transit of four same specifications is provided with detector
Pipe, and detector be integrally placed at temperature control function, can be by detector environment temperature control in the range of 0 ± 0.1 degree
In insulating box because silicon photomultiplier sensitivity is very high, close to vacuum photomultiplier, its shortcoming be noise level compared with
Height, noise are affected by temperature larger.Therefore, needed in test by silicon photomultiplier control in stable temperature range,
To reduce detector dark noise, particle size detection limit is improved；Detector connects analyzer by Optic transmission fiber beam.
Preferably, the analyzer is space four-quadrant analyzer, and what is installed in four-quadrant is all polarizer, wherein, partially
Shake piece P1、P4It is horizontal linear polarization piece, polarizer P2、P3It is perpendicular linear polarization piece.
Preferably, horizontal linear polarization piece is used according to the calculated results, polarizer.
Preferably, the laser is 532nm all solid state laser, power stability, and collimation is high.
Piano convex cylindrical lens convex surface facing laser side, can in the vertical direction one-dimensional compression is carried out to laser to carry
High optical power density.Piano convex cylindrical lens in the vertical direction carries out one-dimensional compression to laser, can not only improve photosensitive area
Optical power density, while the uniformity of photosensitive area luminous power can be strengthened, photosensitive area central point is located at Jiao of piano convex cylindrical lens
Point position.
Incident laser passes through horizontal linear polarization piece, realizes that the horizontal linear polarization of incident light is polarized, and particulate matter is quickly through entering
Light photosensitive area is penetrated, is scattered, scattering light passes through daylighting lenticular microscope group, into space four-quadrant analyzer, passes through fibre bundle
Captured by detector module, polarization signal is handled and analyzed by data acquisition and processing (DAP) module, according to measured value and theory
Calculated value is contrasted, so as to judge the pattern of particulate matter.
Step is as follows：
The first step：Collimation laser is polarized as horizontal linear polarization laser after horizontal linear polarization piece；
Second step：Particulate matter is single by linearly polarized laser beam photosensitive area, produces pulse scattering light；
3rd step：4 silicon photomultipliers of detector measure signal peak P simultaneously1、P2、P3、P4；
4th step：Calculate polarization index K2=(P1+P4-P2-P3)/(P1+P2+P3+P4), according to the judgement of K2 indexs size
Whether grain thing is circular, strip or other shapes.
The present invention, as light source, and designs special light path scatterometry structure by using laser, with four
Under the detector of same specification silicon photomultiplier coordinates, can quickly it be identified greatly under nondestructive state in situ using polarimetry technology
The special appearance particulate matters such as spherical, elliposoidal, cylindricality in gas, droplet measurement scope 0.5um-10um, and with cost it is low,
The advantages that easy to operate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is four-quadrant analyzer structural representation, and P1 and P4 are horizontal linear polarization piece, P2 and P3 positions perpendicular linear polarization
Piece, the emergent light of each piece of polarizer are all detected by an independent fibre bundle into detector；
Fig. 3 is cylindricality, spherical, ellipsoidal particle thing K2 Index Theories and measured value contrast schematic diagram.
In figure, 1 is laser, and 2 be polarizer, and 3 be piano convex cylindrical lens, and 4 be aperture diaphragm, and 5 be daylighting biconvex lens,
6 be field stop, and 7 be collimation planoconvex spotlight, and 8 be four-quadrant analyzer, and 9 be Optic transmission fiber beam, and 10 be detector, and 11 be data
Collection and processing module, 12 be light trapping, and 13 be silicon photomultiplier, and 14 be particulate matter.
Embodiment
As a kind of embodiment, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device, include laser
Device 1, polarizer 2, aperture diaphragm 4, daylighting biconvex lens 5, field stop 6, analyzer and detector 10, polarizer 2 is located at sharp
The front of light device 1, aperture diaphragm 4 are located at the front of polarizer 2, piano convex cylindrical are provided between polarizer 2 and aperture diaphragm 4
Lens, are provided with light trapping 12 in the front of aperture diaphragm 4, in light trapping 12, aperture diaphragm 4, piano convex cylindrical lens and polarizer 2
The heart aligns with the centre of luminescence of laser 1；Daylighting biconvex lens 5 is obliquely installed in the side in the front of aperture diaphragm 4, and it is located at hole
For the front of footpath diaphragm 4 because laser is according in 1 light path penetrated particulate matter 14 and producing scattering light, field stop 6 is located at daylighting lenticular
Immediately ahead of the light path that mirror 5 is formed, collimation planoconvex spotlight 7 is provided with front of the light path of field stop 6, in collimation planoconvex spotlight 7
Be provided with analyzer in front of light path, analyzer, the center for collimating planoconvex spotlight 7, field stop 6 and daylighting biconvex lens 5 are mutually right
Together, the central junction line that the central junction line of formation is formed with light trapping and daylighting biconvex lens forms one 85 degree of measurement angle
θ, i.e. measurement angle are laterally disposed；Pass through daylighting biconvex lens 5, field stop 6, the design combination for collimating planoconvex spotlight 7, energy
Enough veiling glares that effectively reduces enter detector 10, lifting measurement signal to noise ratio；Detector 10 connects analyzing by Optic transmission fiber beam 9
Device, and detector 10 is connected with data acquisition and procession module 11.
The acceptance angle of daylighting biconvex lens 5 is within ± 4 degree.
The silicon photomultiplier 13 of four same specifications is provided with the detector 10, and detector 10 is integrally placed at temperature
Spend control function, can be visited in insulating box (not shown) of the detector environment temperature control in the range of 0 ± 0.1 degree with reducing
The dark noise of device 10 is surveyed, improves particulate matter detection limit；Detector connects analyzer by Optic transmission fiber beam.
The analyzer is space four-quadrant analyzer 8, and what is installed in four-quadrant is all polarizer, wherein, polarizer P1、
P4It is horizontal linear polarization piece, polarizer P2、P3It is perpendicular linear polarization piece.
The polarizer 2 is horizontal linear polarization piece.
The laser 1 be 532nm all solid state laser, power stability.
Piano convex cylindrical lens 3 convex surface facing the side of laser 1, can in the vertical direction laser is carried out one-dimensional compression with
Improve optical power density.The in the vertical direction of piano convex cylindrical lens 3 carries out one-dimensional compression to laser, can not only improve photosensitive area
Optical power density, while the uniformity of photosensitive area luminous power can be strengthened, photosensitive area central point is located at piano convex cylindrical lens 3
Focal position.
Incident laser passes through horizontal linear polarization piece 2, realizes that the horizontal linear polarization of incident light is polarized, and particulate matter is quickly through entering
Light photosensitive area is penetrated, is scattered, by daylighting lenticular microscope group, into space four-quadrant analyzer 8, is visited by fibre bundle 9
The capture of the module of device 10 is surveyed, polarization signal is handled and analyzed by data acquisition and processing (DAP) module, is counted according to measured value with theoretical
Calculation value is contrasted, so as to judge the pattern of particulate matter.
Step is as follows：
The first step：Collimation laser is polarized as horizontal linear polarization laser after horizontal linear polarization piece；
Second step：Particulate matter 14 is single by linearly polarized laser beam photosensitive area, produces pulse scattering light；
3rd step：4 silicon photomultipliers 13 of detector 10 measure signal peak P simultaneously1、P2、P3、P4；
4th step：Calculate polarization index K2=(P1+P4-P2-P3)/(P1+P2+P3+P4), according to the judgement of K2 indexs size
Whether thing spherical for grain, elliposoidal, strip or other shapes, reference picture 3.
On the present invention is described in detail, described above, only the preferred embodiments of the invention, when can not limit
Determine the scope of the present invention, i.e., it is all to make equivalent changes and modifications according to the application scope, all should still it belong in covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device, it is characterised in that：Include laser, polarizer, aperture diaphragm, Daylighting biconvex lens, field stop, analyzer and detector, polarizer are located at the front of laser, and aperture diaphragm is located at inclined Shaken the front of piece, and piano convex cylindrical lens are provided between polarizer and aperture diaphragm, light trapping, light are provided with front of aperture diaphragm Trap, aperture diaphragm, piano convex cylindrical lens and the center of polarizer are alignd with the centre of luminescence of laser, piano convex cylindrical lens Convex surface facing laser side；Daylighting biconvex lens is obliquely installed the side in front of aperture diaphragm, before it is located at aperture diaphragm In the light path that side produces scattering light because laser irradiates particulate matter, field stop is being located at the light path of daylighting biconvex lens formation just Front, collimation planoconvex spotlight is provided with front of the light path of field stop, analyzer is provided with front of the light path of collimation planoconvex spotlight, Analyzer, collimation planoconvex spotlight, the center of field stop and daylighting biconvex lens are mutually aligned, the central junction line and light of formation The central junction line that trap and daylighting biconvex lens are formed forms one and is more than 0 degree and is less than 90 degree of measurement angle theta；Detector connects Analyzer is connect, and detector is connected with data acquisition and procession module；The region that particulate matter passes through laser is photosensitive area, photosensitive area Positioned at the focal point position of piano convex cylindrical lens；The image point position of daylighting biconvex lens overlaps with collimating the focus of planoconvex spotlight, Field stop is located at biconvex lens picture point and planoconvex spotlight focus overlapping positions center；Incident laser passes through horizontal linear polarization piece, realizes that the horizontal linear polarization of incident light is polarized, particulate matter is quickly through incident light Photosensitive area, scatter, scattering light passes through daylighting lenticular microscope group, into space four-quadrant analyzer, is visited by fibre bundle The capture of device module is surveyed, polarization signal is handled and analyzed by data acquisition and processing (DAP) module, according to measured value and theoretical calculation Value is contrasted, so as to judge the pattern of particulate matter.
- 2. Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The measurement angle theta For 85 degree, the acceptance angle of daylighting biconvex lens is within ± 4 degree.
- 3. Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Set in the detector Have a silicon photomultiplier of four same specifications, and detector be integrally placed at temperature control function, can be by detector environment temperature In insulating box of the degree control in the range of 0 ± 0.1 degree；Detector connects analyzer by Optic transmission fiber beam.
- 4. Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The analyzer is sky Between four-quadrant analyzer, what is installed in four-quadrant is all polarizer, wherein, polarizer P1、P4It is horizontal linear polarization piece, polarizer P2、P3It is perpendicular linear polarization piece.
- 5. Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The polarizer is water Horizontal line polarizer.
- 6. Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The laser is 532nm all solid state laser.
- 7. Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The device is for air The identification process of particulate matter special appearance is carried out according to the following steps,The first step：Collimation laser is polarized as horizontal linear polarization laser after horizontal linear polarization piece；Second step：Particulate matter is single by linearly polarized laser beam photosensitive area, produces pulse scattering light；3rd step：4 silicon photomultipliers of detector measure signal peak P simultaneously1、P2、P3、P4；4th step：Calculate polarization index K2=(P1+P4-P2-P3)/(P1+P2+P3+P4), particulate matter is judged according to K2 index sizes Whether circular, strip or other shapes.
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| CN201710916193.9A CN107747911A (en) | 2017-09-30 | 2017-09-30 | A kind of Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device |
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| CN201710916193.9A CN107747911A (en) | 2017-09-30 | 2017-09-30 | A kind of Atmospheric particulates special appearance identification device |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN108760686A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-06 | 李浩元 | Scattered light urbidmetry detects micro-fluidic chip and the biochemical immunity machine using the chip |
| CN108844865A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-20 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of method and device of dual wavelength polarized light scatter measurement particulate matter |
| CN109883931A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-14 | 中兴仪器（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of PM2.5Online Source Apportionment and measuring system |
| CN109900621A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-18 | 中兴仪器（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of multi-angle polarized light scatter PM2.5 aerosol particles by micro measuring device |
| CN110208156A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-06 | 盐城市联鑫钢铁有限公司 | A kind of Smoke Monitoring System |
| CN111504948A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-07 | 中兴仪器（深圳）有限公司 | Coal dust online identification system and method |
| WO2022083044A1 (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-04-28 | 华南师范大学 | Online measurement system and method for particle size distribution of atmospheric particulates |
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| WO2022083044A1 (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-04-28 | 华南师范大学 | Online measurement system and method for particle size distribution of atmospheric particulates |
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