CN106940288A - A kind of gas particles object detecting method and equipment - Google Patents
A kind of gas particles object detecting method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106940288A CN106940288A CN201710372642.8A CN201710372642A CN106940288A CN 106940288 A CN106940288 A CN 106940288A CN 201710372642 A CN201710372642 A CN 201710372642A CN 106940288 A CN106940288 A CN 106940288A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
- G01N15/0612—Optical scan of the deposits
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of gas particles object detecting method and equipment, under test gas is passed through air chamber and air-flow is turned to, the gas particles thing of different aerodynamic sizes is because inertia is different and is layered, with light source layered airflow is irradiated through slit, exfoliated particles thing is shot by electronics photo-sensitive cell, particulate matter location drawing picture is obtained；The particulate matter amount of images of diverse location is counted through processor, and calculates different atmosphere particle concentrations.Laser scattering method is combined by the gas particles object detecting method with air cutting effect, particle is shot after gas particles thing is layered without position, so as to reflect the aerodynamic size of particulate matter by position, avoid particulate matter scattered light intensity and particulate matter size correlation it is poor the problem of, accuracy of detection is high, and correlation is good.The size of different diameter airborne particle concentration in gas can be detected in real time using the equipment of this method, and relatively using concussion sedimentation balance method and the detection device low cost of β ray methods, real-time is good, it is not necessary to changes the consumptive materials such as filter membrane, maintenance period is long, is adapted to promote the use of.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas particles analyte detection field, more particularly to a kind of gas particles object detecting method and device.
Background technology
With frequently occurring for sandstorm and haze weather, air pollution problems inherent is increasingly paid close attention to by people.Air
The detection of quality is also particularly important, and it is current environment protection work that the particulate matter in air, which is monitored, analyzed and studied,
Emphasis.Aerodynamically diameter, Atmospheric particulates can be divided into：(1) overall suspended pellet (abbreviation TSP)：Diameter≤
100 microns；(2) pellet (abbreviation PM10)：Diameter≤10 micron；(3) fine particle (abbreviation PM2.5)：Diameter≤
2.5 microns, the monitoring range of air particle mainly includes three of the above.Wherein fine particle PM2.5 can suspend the long period
In air, it has important influence to air quality and visibility etc..Compared with thicker Atmospheric particulates, PM2.5 particle diameters
Small, area is big, and activity is strong, easily subsidiary poisonous and harmful substances（For example, heavy metal, microorganism etc.）, and during stop in an atmosphere
Between long, fed distance it is remote, thus the influence to health and atmosphere quality is bigger.
The content of the invention
The above-mentioned technical problem that the present invention exists for existing particulate matter real-time detection apparatus, proposes a kind of structure letter
Singly, the size of different diameter airborne particle concentration in gas, and measured concentration value and the matter of particulate matter can be detected in real time
Measure concentration dependence good gas particles object detecting method and device.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of gas particles object detecting method, comprises the following steps,
（1）Under test gas is passed through air chamber and air-flow is turned to, the gas particles things of different aerodynamic sizes because of inertia not
It is layered together；
（2）With light source layered airflow is irradiated through slit；
（3）Exfoliated particles thing is shot by electronics photo-sensitive cell, particulate matter location drawing picture is obtained；
（4）The particulate matter amount of images of diverse location is counted through processor, and calculates different atmosphere particle concentrations.
Preferably, step（1）Middle under test gas switchs to bottom horizontal flow sheet by vertical flowing.
Preferably, step（1）Middle under test gas switchs to bottom horizontal flow sheet by vertical flowing.
Preferably, step（1）Middle air-flow forward method is that air chamber includes vertical section and horizontal segment, and constraint under test gas makes
It is turned to.
The present invention also proposes a kind of gas particles quality testing measurement equipment, including air chamber, light source and electronics photo-sensitive cell, the gas
Room includes clean gas entrance and clean gas is exported, and plenum roof is provided with test gas entrance and light source slit, air chamber side
Face is provided with shooting window, and electronics photo-sensitive cell shoots air particles object image through shooting window.
Preferably, the air chamber is linear, it is horizontally disposed with.
Preferably, the air chamber includes vertical portion and horizontal part, the vertical portion is segmented into clean gas passages and treated
Gas passage is surveyed, under test gas passage is located on the inside of right angle.
Preferably, also including processor, for the particulate matter amount of images of diverse location in the statistical unit time and this
The under test gas volume passed through in period, calculates different atmosphere particle concentrations.
Preferably, the electronics photo-sensitive cell is high-speed CCD camera.
Preferably, the clean gas entrance and mixed gas outlet are respectively connected with flowmeter.
The present invention also proposes a kind of gas particles quality testing measurement equipment, including air chamber, light source and electronics photo-sensitive cell, the gas
Room is square, including vertical portion and horizontal part, and the horizontal part is provided with light source slit and shoots window, and light source is narrow through light source
Seam irradiation under test gas particulate matter, electronics photo-sensitive cell is shot through shooting window.
Compared with prior art, advantages and positive effects of the present invention are：
Laser scattering method is combined by the gas particles object detecting method with air cutting effect, is clapped after gas particles thing is layered
Particle is taken the photograph without position, so as to pass through the aerodynamic size of position reaction particulate matter, it is to avoid particulate matter scattered light intensity with
The problem of size correlation of grain thing is poor, accuracy of detection is high.
The gas particles quality testing measurement equipment can detect the size of different diameter airborne particle concentration in gas in real time, relatively use
The detection device low cost of sedimentation balance method and β ray methods is shaken, is adapted to actually used promote.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the detection device of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 2 is the explosive view of the detection device of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the detection device of the embodiment of the present invention three；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the detection device of the embodiment of the present invention four；
Above in each figure：1st, air chamber；11st, vertical portion；12nd, horizontal part；13rd, light source slit；14th, window is shot；15th, clean gas
Entrance；16th, under test gas entrance；17th, mixed gas outlet；2nd, light source；3rd, camera；31st, lens barrel.
Embodiment
In order to be better understood from the present invention, illustrate with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment one：
The present embodiment proposes a kind of gas particles object detecting method, and its Cleaning Principle is based on air and cuts effect, i.e., when sampling gas
When body flow direction changes, the particulate matter of the different aerodynamic sizes in air-flow can be cut effect by air and separate.
The different particulate matter of particle diameter is due to the cutting effect of air, and the big particulate matter radius of turn of particle diameter is big, and the small particulate matter of particle diameter turns
Curved radius is small, therefore when reaching detection window, the height residing for different-grain diameter is different.Particle diameter therein refers to aerodynamics grain
Footpath, meets air particle sorting technique.
Concretely comprise the following steps：
（1）Under test gas is passed through air chamber and air-flow is turned to, the gas particles things of different aerodynamic sizes because of inertia not
It is layered together.The method for turning under test gas has two kinds：One kind is that sample gas flows according to a direction, by flowing side
Change sample gas flow direction to different clean gas.Clean gas refers to by filtering, without or with a small amount of particle diameter
The gas of the particulate matter of very little, does not influence accuracy of detection.It is to be measured because clean gas stream flow is big when two strands of air-flows cross
Gas motion direction is influenceed to change by pure air.Can be according to reality for the flow and flow velocity of under test gas and clean gas
Border situation adjustment, until there is obvious lamination.For example under test gas flows from top to bottom, and clean gas flows from left to right
Dynamic, then clean gas is as current drive gravel flowing, and the small particulate matter of particle diameter is turned to soon, and rapidly goes to bottom horizontal flow sheet,
The big particle of particle diameter is moved obliquely can just be changed into horizontal movement after a segment distance.Therefore after bottom horizontal flow sheet, the small particle of particle diameter
Thing is above, and the big particulate matter of particle diameter is located at lower section, realizes the particulate matter lamination of different-grain diameter.
Second of forward method is that air chamber constraint is turned to, i.e., air chamber is provided with turning part, constrains the flowing side of under test gas
To making under test gas change direction in flow process.Air chamber is such as set to right-angle structure, air-flow is changed into water from vertical direction
Square to when, the larger particulate matter of particle diameter can be got rid of downwards due to inertia, and the less particulate matter of particle diameter is easy to turn and position
In top.
First two forward method can certainly be combined and used simultaneously, air chamber was both set to right-angled bend shape, simultaneously
Setting clean gas stream turns under test gas（Specific implementation is referring to embodiment three）.
（2）With light source layered airflow is irradiated through slit；Light source can also use laser, irradiation position using ordinary light source
The good stream locations of selection layering.
（3）Exfoliated particles thing is shot by electronics photo-sensitive cell, particulate matter location drawing picture is obtained.Electronics photo-sensitive cell is used
High speed linear array black-white CCD camera 3, shooting speed is not less than 10000fps, and shooting direction is parallel to layer to that is, after steering
Air flow direction with turn to before under test gas flow to, the particulate matter for shooting different laminar flows that can completely.
（4）The particulate matter amount of images of diverse location is counted through processor, and calculates different atmosphere particle concentrations.Processing
The image that device processing camera 3 is photographed, extracts positional information, and count the quantity of the particulate matter of diverse location.According to particulate matter
Elevation information, the particle size of particulate matter can be extrapolated, with reference to the quantity of the different-grain diameter counted, you can calculate not
With the total amount of particles things.In the case where measuring under test gas flow, you can calculate variable grain thing under test gas
Concentration.Also a kind of method for obtaining particle object location, video camera and light source position is exchanged, light source is caused using light-dividing device
The optical wavelength of diverse location irradiation is different, and wavelength information is obtained when video camera captures the scattered light of particulate matter, you can draw
The positional information of grain thing.
（5）By the display in real time of particle concentration information over the display.
（6）By radio transmission apparatus by particle concentration information transfer to other-end.
Laser scattering method is combined by this method with air cutting effect, and particle is shot after gas particles thing is layered without position
Put, so as to pass through the aerodynamic size of position reaction particulate matter, it is to avoid the size of particulate matter scattered light intensity and particulate matter
The problem of correlation is poor, accuracy of detection is high.The size of different diameter airborne particle concentration in gas can be detected in real time, relatively adopted
With concussion sedimentation balance method and the detection device low cost of β ray methods, quality correlation is good, and real-time is good, and maintenance period is long, is adapted to real
Border application and popularizations.
Embodiment two：
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of gas particles quality testing measurement equipment, including air chamber 1, light source, high-speed CCD camera 3, processor and
Display device.The air chamber 1 is square straight tube structure, forms gas channel, and its left end is clean gas entrance 15, and right-hand member is mixing
Gas vent 17.The top of air chamber 1 is provided with test gas entrance 16, and the rear portion of under test gas entrance 16 sets light source slit 13, light
Source 2 is irradiated inside air chamber 1 through light source slit 13, and the light source 2 can be ordinary light source, can also use LASER Light Source.The side of air chamber 1
Position relative to light source slit 13 is provided with shooting window 14, and high-speed CCD camera 3 connects lens barrel 31 and shot through shooting window 14
Air particles object image, its shooting speed is according under test gas particulate matter quantity and flow velocity determination, usually less than 10000fps.
Under test gas entrance 16 of the clean gas through top flows into air chamber 1, when being crossed with the clean gas of bottom horizontal flow sheet, due to clean gas
Body stream flow is big, and the under test gas direction of motion is influenceed to be changed into horizontal direction by vertical direction by pure air.Under test gas is taken
The particulate matter that particle diameter is small in the particulate matter of band is turned to soon, and rapidly goes to bottom horizontal flow sheet, and the big particulate matter of particle diameter is big due to inertia
Turn to slowly, need to move obliquely can just be changed into horizontal movement after a segment distance.Therefore air-flow to be measured can occur in bottom horizontal flow sheet section
Layering, the i.e. small particulate matter of particle diameter is above, and the big particulate matter of particle diameter is located at lower section.For under test gas and clean gas
Flow and flow velocity can be adjusted according to actual conditions, until there is obvious lamination.
Air chamber 1 is made of transparent materials, and darkroom is formed in air chamber 1, is easy to shoot picture rich in detail.
Light source slit 13, which is arranged on, is layered good air-flow section, and high speed camera 3 is ceaselessly shot, and passes through bat when there is particulate matter
Act as regent when putting, due to the diffusing reflection and scattering of particulate matter, camera 3 just captures the imaging of particulate matter.The processor and high speed
Camera 3 is connected, for handling the shooting image of camera 3 and counting the particulate matter quantity of different height position.By test of many times and
Statistical analysis, it can be deduced that the corresponding relation of picture altitude and particle size.The clean gas entrance and mixed gas go out
Mouth is respectively connected with flowmeter, and the difference by the two is that can obtain under test gas flow in the unit interval, with reference to the system of processor
Corresponding atmosphere particle concentration and pollution index can be conversed according to GB by counting.Through processor and real world devices, such as
Computer monitor or the LCDs being installed in equipment, you can show testing result in real time.It also can be set and be wirelessly transferred mould
Block, testing result is transmitted to other equipment.
Gas particles quality testing measurement equipment described in the present embodiment carries out gas particles thing using the method described in embodiment one,
Which obviate particulate matter scattered light intensity and particulate matter size correlation it is poor the problem of, accuracy of detection is high.It can examine in real time
The size of different diameter airborne particle concentration in gas is surveyed, it is real relatively using concussion sedimentation balance method and the detection device low cost of β ray methods
When property is good, and maintenance period is long, is adapted to actually used promote.
Embodiment three：
As shown in figure 3, a kind of gas particles quality testing measurement equipment, including air chamber 1, light source 2, high-speed CCD camera 3, processor and aobvious
Showing device.The air chamber 1 is square, including vertical portion 11 and horizontal part 12, the height H of horizontal part 12 are more than the width of vertical portion 11
H is 4 times of L in L, this implementation, and the ratio can be adjusted according to real gas delamination, be in order to shoot exfoliated particles thing
It is accurate.The roof of horizontal part 12 sets light source slit 13, and the side-walls corresponding with light source slit 13, which are set, shoots window 14, high
Fast CCD camera 3 is shot through shooting window 14.Under test gas enters air inlet chamber 1 through vertical portion 11, and under test gas changes in flow process
Change direction, the passage of vertical portion 11 broadens suddenly, the larger particulate matter of particle diameter can be got rid of downwards due to inertia, the less particle of particle diameter
Thing is easy to turn and above, realizes lamination.The method shooting of camera 3 and processor as described in embodiment one
Grain object image simultaneously obtains testing result.
Gas particles quality testing measurement equipment described in the present embodiment is relative to embodiment one without clean gas, and structure is more stepped up
Gather, it is easy to accomplish.
Example IV：
As shown in figure 4, a kind of gas particles quality testing measurement equipment, including air chamber 12, light source 2, high-speed CCD camera 3, processor and aobvious
Showing device.Detection device described in the present embodiment in conjunction with the embodiments one with embodiment two, the air chamber 1 includes vertical portion 11 and water
Flat portion 12, the vertical portion 11 is divided into clean gas passages 15 and under test gas passage 16, and under test gas passage is located at right angle
Inner side.The roof of horizontal part 12 sets light source slit 13, and the side-walls corresponding with light source slit 13, which are set, shoots window 14,
High-speed CCD camera 3 is shot through shooting window 14.Under test gas air-flow is turned through under test gas passage with clean gas in air chamber 1
Place converges, and the promotion of constraint and clean gas air-flow through air chamber 1 is turned to, and it is existing that layering occurs in the particulate matter that under test gas is carried
As the layering that short distance can be good, light source slit 13 and shooting window 14 are arranged at and are layered good position.The gas particles
Two kinds of gas turns methods are combined by quality testing measurement equipment, and particulate matter layered effect is good, are conducive to improving accuracy of detection.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not the limitation for making other forms to the present invention, appoints
What those skilled in the art changed or be modified as possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above equivalent variations etc.
Imitate embodiment and be applied to other fields, but every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, the technical spirit according to the present invention
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling made to above example, still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of gas particles object detecting method, comprises the following steps,
（1）Under test gas is passed through air chamber and air-flow is turned to, the gas particles things of different aerodynamic sizes because of inertia not
It is layered together；
（2）With light source layered airflow is irradiated through slit；
（3）Exfoliated particles thing is shot by electronics photo-sensitive cell, particulate matter location drawing picture is obtained；
（4）The particulate matter amount of images of diverse location is counted through processor, and calculates different atmosphere particle concentrations.
2. gas particles object detecting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Middle under test gas is by erecting
Direct current is dynamic to switch to bottom horizontal flow sheet.
3. gas particles object detecting method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Middle air-flow forward method
It is turned to blow under test gas by the clean gas of bottom horizontal flow sheet.
4. gas particles object detecting method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Middle air-flow forward method
Include vertical section and horizontal segment for air chamber, constraint under test gas turns to it.
5. a kind of gas particles quality testing measurement equipment, it is characterised in that：Including air chamber, light source and electronics photo-sensitive cell, the air chamber
Including under test gas entrance, clean gas entrance and mixed gas outlet, plenum roof is provided with light source slit, and air chamber side is set
Shooting window is equipped with, electronics photo-sensitive cell shoots air particles object image through shooting window.
6. gas particles quality testing measurement equipment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The air chamber is linear, level
Set.
7. gas particles quality testing measurement equipment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The air chamber includes vertical portion and water
Flat portion, the vertical portion is segmented into clean gas passages and under test gas passage, and under test gas passage is located on the inside of right angle.
8. the gas particles quality testing measurement equipment according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：The clean gas entrance and
Mixed gas outlet is respectively connected with flowmeter.
9. gas particles quality testing measurement equipment according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Also include processor, processor
Input connection flow gauge and electronics photo-sensitive cell, in the statistical unit time in the particulate matter quantity of diverse location and the period
The under test gas volume passed through, calculates different atmosphere particle concentrations.
10. a kind of gas particles quality testing measurement equipment, it is characterised in that：Including air chamber, light source and electronics photo-sensitive cell, the air chamber
For square, including vertical portion and horizontal part, the horizontal part is provided with light source slit and shoots window, and light source is through light source slit
Under test gas particulate matter is irradiated, electronics photo-sensitive cell is shot through shooting window.
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| CN108088775A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-29 | 广东力源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of detection method of air-borne dust granular size and concentration |
| CN108645767A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-12 | 华中科技大学 | A method of coupling light scattering and beta-ray measurement coal-fired flue-gas particulate matter quality concentration |
| CN108983406A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-11 | 山西鑫华翔科技发展有限公司 | Haze particle microexamination filming apparatus |
| CN109557004A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-02 | 田果成 | Detect cavity configuration, detection device, capture apparatus and terminal |
| CN111307681A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-19 | 山东诺蓝信息科技有限公司 | Raise dust concentration detection device and raise dust detection method |
| CN111845578A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-30 | 陈圆圆 | Atmosphere pollution intelligent monitoring equipment based on 5G communication |
| CN112526171A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-19 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Calibration system and method of one-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device |
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| CN112945823A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-11 | 浙江浙能嘉华发电有限公司 | Particle enrichment device and method for flow field |
| CN113677977A (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2021-11-19 | 艾拉索尔戴纳米克斯有限公司 | Pulse condensation particle counter |
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| CN113677977A (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2021-11-19 | 艾拉索尔戴纳米克斯有限公司 | Pulse condensation particle counter |
| CN111307681A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-19 | 山东诺蓝信息科技有限公司 | Raise dust concentration detection device and raise dust detection method |
| CN111845578B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-10-01 | 河北华清环境科技集团股份有限公司 | Atmosphere pollution intelligent monitoring equipment based on 5G communication |
| CN111845578A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-30 | 陈圆圆 | Atmosphere pollution intelligent monitoring equipment based on 5G communication |
| CN112526171A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-19 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Calibration system and method of one-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device |
| CN112526171B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-10-21 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Calibration system and method of one-dimensional pulsating flow velocity measuring device |
| CN112945817A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Cyclone pollen concentration detection method and device |
| CN112945823A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-11 | 浙江浙能嘉华发电有限公司 | Particle enrichment device and method for flow field |
| CN114486664A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-13 | 北京大学 | System and method for capturing motion trail of particulate matter |
| CN114486664B (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2023-12-22 | 北京大学 | Particle motion track capturing system and method |
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Address after: 266000 No. 1, Yueyang Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao City, Shandong Applicant after: Qingdao Zhongrui Intelligent Instrument Co.,Ltd. Address before: 266107, Shandong Road, Chengyang District, Shandong, Qingdao Province, Xian Road, No. 3 Applicant before: QINGDAO ZHONGRUI INTELLIGENT INSTRUMENT Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20170711 |