CN107744140A - 一种预消化型全营养液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种预消化型全营养液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107744140A CN107744140A CN201711075108.7A CN201711075108A CN107744140A CN 107744140 A CN107744140 A CN 107744140A CN 201711075108 A CN201711075108 A CN 201711075108A CN 107744140 A CN107744140 A CN 107744140A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/40—Complete food formulations for specific consumer groups or specific purposes, e.g. infant formula
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/125—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/15—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A23L33/15—Vitamins
- A23L33/155—Vitamins A or D
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
一种预消化型全营养液及其制备方法,属于医用食品加工领域。目的在于提供一种pH接近中性,不存在配伍禁忌,保质期较长且保质期内不会出现相分离和沉淀现象的预消化型全营养液。该预消化型全营养液,每升营养液中干物质含量为:水解蛋白质20‑60g,植物油8‑18g,麦芽糊精150‑300g,复配维生素0.2‑1g,复配矿物质0.2‑1.0g,乳化剂1‑10g,稳定剂1‑5g。该预消化型全营养液pH为6.5‑7.5,接近中性,不存在配伍禁忌,保质期长,且在保质期内不会出现水油两相分层和蛋白质沉淀现象,应用范围广。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医用食品加工领域,尤其涉及预消化型全营养液及其制备方法。
背景技术
预消化型全营养液一般针对术前准备及术后营养支持,胃肠道吸收障碍、胰腺炎、炎性肠炎、蛋白质过敏等患者,其目的是为患者提供机体代谢所需的营养素,其配方宜选用易于消化吸收的脂肪来源,增加产品的耐受性并减少胃肠道负担,避免刺激胰腺,从而为患者提供充足的营养支持,辅助机体疾病后修复。
适合的底物配比、加工处理温度、体系pH及离子强度是影响营养液体系稳定性的关键性因素,尽管现有生产工艺方法可以得到均相的整蛋白型肠内营养液(一般整蛋白肠内营养液pH=6.4-6.8),但该型营养液普遍存在长时间静置后出现水油两相相分离及蛋白沉淀的现象,一般情况下,这种现象不会对产品的营养质量或功效产生负面影响,但是在临床营养医师或患者心目中可能对产品的质量和可接受程度产生负面印象。
预消化型全营养液因原料分子更小,在一定的离子强度及热处理(保证产品无菌)条件下相互之间的反应相对于整蛋白全营养液更为容易、剧烈,加剧水油两相分离。中性pH时获得均相全营养液难度更大。
目前临床应用的预消化型全营养产品以粉剂形式为主,使用之前需要加水重新配制,液体产品只有荷兰纽迪西亚公司的产品“百普力”,但该产品的pH=4,在临床使用过程中易与整蛋白型的肠内营养液(一般整蛋白肠内营养液pH=6.4-6.8)发生反应,产生絮状或块状沉淀物,存在配伍禁忌,另外营养液的pH=4也限制了该产品在肠造瘘患者中的应用。
我国的专利中也有类似营养液产品,如专利号201310327448.X,但该专利所得产品并非全营养产品,蛋白质来源也只有部分来源于大豆寡肽,没有额外添加矿物质离子,不用考虑离子强度对营养液体系稳定性的影响,这样产品制备工艺相对简单,而且该产品的保质期短,只有6个月,而目前市场现有产品的保质期普遍为12个月。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种pH接近中性,不存在配伍禁忌,保质期较长且保质期内不会出现相分离和沉淀现象的预消化型全营养液。
本发明提供一种预消化型全营养液,每升营养液中的干物质含量为:水解蛋白质20-60g,植物油8-18g,麦芽糊精150-300g,复配维生素0.2-1.0g复配矿物质0.2-1.0g,乳化剂1-10g,稳定剂1-5g。
所述预消化型全营养液的pH为6.5-7.5。
所述复配维生素为维生素A6000-8500IU/g,维生素D700-1100IU/g,维生素 E12-20mg/g,维生素K0.3-0.5mg/g,维生素B18-12mg/g,维生素B27-10 mg/g,维生素B66-9mg/g,维生素B1213.5-19.5mcg/g,维生素C100-200mg/g,泛酸 8-12mg/g,生物素0.15-0.3mg/g,叶酸0.25-0.5mg/g,烟酸20-30mg/g。
所述复配矿物质为铁20-35mg/g,锌20-30mg/g,钙200-400mg/g,镁100-300 mg/g,铜1.5-2.0mg/g,硒0.1-0.2mg/g。
所述水解蛋白质来源于水解乳清蛋白、水解酪蛋白或水解大豆蛋白中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述水解蛋白质来源于上述物质深度水解的2-3肽。
所述植物油脂肪中的中链甘油三酯含量≥30%总脂肪,亚油酸供能占总能量的2-4%,在上述条件下,所述植物油来源于玉米油、大豆油、椰子油、棕榈油、菜籽油、紫苏油、中链甘油三酯中的一种或几种的复配。
所述乳化剂来源于亲水亲油平衡值HLB<10的单硬脂酸甘油酯、聚甘油脂肪酸酯和磷脂中的一种或几种。
所述稳定剂来源于阿拉伯胶、微晶纤维素、黄原胶的一种或几种。
本发明还提供上述预消化型全营养液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)配制料液:先将水溶性物料加60-80℃纯水搅拌溶解形成均匀分散的水相,再将脂溶性物料加60-80℃纯水搅拌经高速剪切乳化,条件为5000-20000r/min,5-15min,溶解形成均匀分散的油相,最后将水相及油相混合剪切,条件为5000-20000r/min,5-15min,并搅拌除去泡沫,调整混合液pH=6.5-7之间;
(2)将配制好的混合液经高压均质,条件为30-100MPa,5-15min后冷却至30℃暂存于储料罐中;
(3)将均质冷却后的混合液在自动灌装线灌装于输液用玻璃瓶中;
(4)将灌装后的产品置于旋转式蒸汽灭菌釜中灭菌,灭菌温度为121-137℃,灭菌时间为3-20min。
上述制备方法中水溶性物料为水解蛋白质、麦芽糊精、复配维生素、复配矿物质和稳定剂,脂溶性物料为植物油和乳化剂。
本发明具有如下有益效果:
该预消化型全营养液的pH为6.5-7.5,接近中性,营养全面均衡,在临床应用过程中不存在配伍禁忌;
该预消化型全营养液保质期较一般肠内营养液(保质期一般12个月)长6个月,储存时间久,且在保质期内不会出现水油两相分层和蛋白质沉淀现象;
该预消化型全营养液适于术前准备及术后营养支持,胃肠道吸收障碍、胰腺炎、炎性肠炎、蛋白质过敏等患者的饮食替代或者营养补充,应用范围广。
具体实施方式
下面通过给出的具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明,但不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1
以每升营养液中的干物质含量计,将市售的水解大豆蛋白25g,水解水清蛋白25g,麦芽糊精250g,复配维生素1.2g,复配矿物质0.5g,柠檬酸钾0.2g,微晶纤维素0.2g,阿拉伯胶0.15g加60-80℃纯水搅拌溶解形成均匀分散的水相,再将玉米油9g,椰子油9g,单甘脂1.8g,聚甘油脂肪酸酯1.8g,大豆磷脂6.2g,加60-80℃纯水搅拌,经高速剪切乳(8000r/min,7min)形成均匀分散的油相,再将水相及油相混合剪切(8000r/min,7min),并搅拌除去泡沫,调整混合液pH=6.7;再将配制的好的混合液经高压均质(50MPa,10min)后冷却至30℃左右暂存于储料罐中;然后将均质冷却后的混合液在自动灌装线灌装于输液用玻璃瓶中,最后将灌装后的产品置于旋转式蒸汽灭菌釜中灭菌,灭菌温度为121℃,灭菌时间为20min,即得到成品预消化全营养液。
经检测该成品pH=6.55,在室温下保存能够保存12个月以上状态稳定,不发生水油两相分离及蛋白质絮凝沉淀,产品为商业无菌,其它各营养指标也均符合国家相应标准要求。
实施例2
以每升营养液中的干物质含量计,将市售的水解大豆蛋白20g,水解酪蛋白10g,水解乳清蛋白10g,麦芽糊精280g,复配维生素1.2g,复配矿物质0.5g,六偏磷酸钠0.35g,黄原胶0.25g,阿拉伯胶0.15g加60-80℃纯水搅拌溶解形成均匀分散的水相,再将大豆油9g,中链甘油三酯6g,紫苏油3g,单甘脂1.5g,大豆磷脂7.5g,加60-80℃纯水搅拌,经高速剪切乳(10000r/min,5min)形成均匀分散的油相,再将水相及油相混合剪切(10000r/min,5min),并搅拌除去泡沫,调整混合液pH=7;再将配制的好的混合液经高压均质(60MPa,10min)后冷却至30℃左右暂存于储料罐中;然后将均质冷却后的混合液在自动灌装线灌装于输液用玻璃瓶中,最后将灌装后的产品置于旋转式蒸汽灭菌釜中灭菌,灭菌温度为121℃,灭菌时间为15min,即得到成品预消化全营养液。
经检测该成品pH=6.8,在室温下保存能够保存12个月以上状态稳定,不发生水油两相分离及蛋白质絮凝沉淀,产品为商业无菌,其它各营养指标也均符合国家相应标准要求。
实施例3
以每升营养液中的干物质含量计,将市售的水解大豆蛋白40g,麦芽糊精280g,复配维生素1.2g,复配矿物质0.5g,六偏磷酸0.35g,黄原胶0.25g,微晶纤维素0.2g加60-80℃纯水搅拌溶解形成均匀分散的水相,再将玉米油9g,棕榈油6g,紫苏油3g,单甘脂1.5g,大豆磷脂7.5g,加60-80℃纯水搅拌,经高速剪切乳(10000r/min,5min)形成均匀分散的油相,再将水相及油相混合剪切(10000r/min,5min),并搅拌除去泡沫,调整混合液pH=7;再将配制的好的混合液经高压均质(60MPa,10min)后冷却至30℃左右暂存于储料罐中;然后将均质冷却后的混合液在自动灌装线灌装于输液用玻璃瓶中,最后将灌装后的产品置于旋转式蒸汽灭菌釜中灭菌,灭菌温度为137℃,灭菌时间为180s,即得到成品预消化全营养液。
经检测该成品pH=6.76,在室温下保存能够保存12个月以上状态稳定,不发生水油两相分离及蛋白质絮凝沉淀,产品为商业无菌,其它各营养指标也均符合国家相应标准要求。
实施例4
应用例:筛选胆囊切除术后患者共132例,男74例,女58例,年龄63-88岁(平均72.3岁),病种包括胆囊结石76例,急性胆囊炎(非结石性)21例,慢性胆囊炎(非结石性)18例,胆囊息肉9例,胆囊癌6例,胆囊外伤2例。观察组采用本发明制备的预消化型肠内营养液实行术后早期肠内营养支持的患者73例,对照组为进行市售的常规肠内营养支持的患者,共59例,两组患者的病因及年龄构成无显著差异。观察组中37例进行常规的胆囊切除术,32例小切口胆囊切除术,4例行胆囊造口术;对照组59例中,33例进行常规的胆囊切除术,22例小切口胆囊切除术,4例行胆囊造口术。两组患者各种术式所占比例相似,术后其他治疗手段也相同,两者对比其营养指标的疗效结果如表1所示,表2为术后并发症发生率及切口愈伤时间的对比结果。
表1
从表1营养支持的结果可以看出,观察组采用预消化型肠内营养液实行术后早期肠内营养支持后,体重、皮褶厚度、体质指数增高,但与对照组无显著性差异;血清总蛋白、血红蛋白、转铁蛋白有所改善,也无明显差异;但前白蛋白明显增高,有显著性差异(P<0.05),视黄醇结合蛋白也明显增高。
表2
从表2可以看出,观察组的并发症要明显低于对照组,切口愈合时间也明显短于对照组。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所做的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1. 一种预消化型全营养液,其特征在于每升营养液中的干物质含量为:水解蛋白质20- 60g,植物油8-18g,麦芽糊精150-300g,复配维生素0.2-1.0g,复配矿物质0.2-1.0g,乳化剂 1-10g,稳定剂1-5g。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的预消化型全营养液,其特征在于:所述预消化型全营养液的pH 为6.5-7.5。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的预消化型全营养液,其特征在于:所述复配维生素为维生素A6000-8500IU/g,维生素D700-1100IU/g,维生素E12-20mg/g,维生素K0.3- 0.5mg/g,维生素B18-12mg/g,维生素B27-10mg/g,维生素B66-9mg/g,维生素 B1213.5-19.5mcg/g,维生素C100-200mg/g,泛酸8-12mg/g,生物素0.15-0.3mg/g, 叶酸0.25-0.5mg/g,烟酸20-30mg/g。
4.根据权利要求3所述的预消化型全营养液,其特征在于:所述复配矿物质为铁20-35mg/g,锌20-30mg/g,钙200-400mg/g,镁100-300mg/g,铜1.5-2.0mg/g,硒0.1-0.2mg/ g。
5.根据权利要求4所述的预消化型全营养液,其特征在于:所述水解蛋白质来源于水解乳清蛋白、水解酪蛋白或水解大豆蛋白中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求4所述的预消化型全营养液,其特征在于:所述植物油脂肪中的中链甘油三酯含量≥30%总脂肪,亚油酸供能占总能量的2-4%,所述植物油来源于玉米油、大豆油、椰子油、棕榈油、菜籽油、紫苏油、中链甘油三酯中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求4所述的预消化型全营养液,其特征在于:所述乳化剂来源于亲水亲油平衡值HLB<10的单硬脂酸甘油酯、聚甘油脂肪酸酯和磷脂中的一种或几种。
8.根据权利要求4所述的预消化型全营养液,其特征在于:所述稳定剂来源于阿拉伯胶、微晶纤维素、黄原胶的一种或几种。
9.一种预消化型全营养液的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)配制料液:先将水溶性物料加60-80℃纯水搅拌溶解形成均匀分散的水相,再将脂溶性物料加60-80℃纯水搅拌,经高速剪切乳化,条件为5000-20000r/min,5-15min,溶解形成均匀分散的油相,最后将水相及油相混合剪切,条件为5000-20000r/min,5-15min,并搅拌除去泡沫,调整混合液pH=6.5-7之间;
(2)将配制好的混合液经高压均质,条件为30-100MPa,5-15min后冷却至30℃暂存于储料罐中;
(3)将均质冷却后的混合液在自动灌装线灌装于输液用玻璃瓶中;
(4)将灌装后的产品置于旋转式蒸汽灭菌釜中灭菌,灭菌温度为121-137℃,灭菌时间为3-20min。
10.根据权利要求9所述的预消化型全营养液的制备方法,其特征在于:所述水溶性物料为水解蛋白质、麦芽糊精、复配维生素、复配矿物质和稳定剂,所述脂溶性物料为植物油和乳化剂。
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