CN107739427A - 一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107739427A
CN107739427A CN201711057164.8A CN201711057164A CN107739427A CN 107739427 A CN107739427 A CN 107739427A CN 201711057164 A CN201711057164 A CN 201711057164A CN 107739427 A CN107739427 A CN 107739427A
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张彪
季明洋
李震
武春余
李李
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HEFEI ANLI POLYURETHANE NEW MATERIAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法,采用分步反应,按配比向反应釜中加入有机溶剂、聚氧化丙烯二元醇、抗氧剂和部分异氰酸酯,控制氰羟比1.3‑1.5,于60‑80℃常压下反应1小时;加入聚四氢呋喃二元醇,控制氰羟比0.6‑0.8,反应1小时;再加入聚酯二元醇、扩链剂、有机溶剂和异氰酸酯进行扩链反应,体系粘度达到要求后加入剩余溶剂和1‑1.5%的非离子表面活性剂,最终得到粘度60‑180Pa.s/25℃,固含量25‑30%的高聚醚含量耐水解耐低温压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂。本发明制得的树脂应用于合成革生产,制成的革制品具有立体饱满的花纹、柔软的手感、优异的耐水解性能和耐低温性能。

Description

一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法领域,具体是一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着市场和技术的发展,对聚氨酯合成革的耐水解、耐低温性能和压纹加工性能要求越来越高。耐水解性能是衡量合成革耐用性能的重要指标,耐水解和耐低温性能可以通过引入大量的聚醚来实现,但聚醚材料的成革加工性能一般,很难满足软质合成革的手感要求和压纹效果要求,需要进行配方和工艺创新。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种耐水解、耐低温的高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法,通过聚氨酯树脂配方和工艺的再创新,以解决现有技术高聚醚含量树脂后段难加工和难压纹的问题。
为了达到上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:
一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于:由异氰酸酯、大分子二元醇、扩链剂、抗氧剂、有机溶剂、非离子表面活性剂制备而成,其中:
所述有机溶剂的用量为体系总质量的70-75%;
所述非离子表面活性剂的用量为体系总质量的0.5-1.5%;
所述大分子二元醇和所述扩链剂的质量比为15-20∶1,大分子二元醇为聚酯二元醇和聚醚二元醇的混合,其中聚醚二元醇的质量为大分子二元醇总质量的70-80%,
所述异氰酸酯中的异氰酸根和羟基的摩尔量之比为0.95-1∶1,羟基的摩尔量为大分子二元醇及扩链剂中的羟基摩尔之和;
所述抗氧剂为亚磷酸酯类化合物,所述抗氧剂的用量为体系总质量的0.01%-0.03%。
所述的一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于:所述大分子二元醇中,聚酯二元醇为己二酸丁二醇和新戊二醇聚酯二元醇中任意一种或两者任意混合,聚醚二元醇为聚四氢呋喃二元醇和聚氧化丙烯二元醇的混合,其中聚四氢呋喃二元醇和聚氧化丙烯二元醇质量比例为0.5-2∶1。
所述的一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于:所述大分子二元醇的数均分子量为1000-4000。
所述的一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于:所述非离子表面活性剂为环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷共聚的聚醚。
一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,其特征在于:依次包括以下步骤:
(1)首先按配比向反应釜中加入有机溶剂、聚氧化丙烯二元醇、抗氧剂和部分异氰酸酯,控制氰羟比1.3-1.5,在反应釜中于60-80℃温度条件下常压下反应1小时,再加入聚四氢呋喃二元醇,控制氰羟比0.6-0.8,并在60-80℃温度条件下继续反应1小时;
(2)、接着向反应釜中加入聚酯二元醇、扩链剂、有机溶剂、剩余异氰酸酯用量的90%,在60-80℃温度条件下进行扩链反应;剩余异氰酸酯用量10%是根据粘度增长情况适时补加,为行业共知的控制粘度的技术;
(3)、当反应釜中体系粘度达到要求后,加入剩余有机溶剂和占体系总质量1-1.5%的非离子表面活性剂,并搅拌0.5-1小时以搅拌均匀,最终得到粘度60-180Pa.s/25℃,固含量25-30%的高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂。增粘过程中的粘度较大,不检测,不作严格限定,以最终粘度为限定60-180Pa.s/25℃。
本发明中,若软质耐水解树脂全用聚醚,肃然耐水解性能好,但加工性能不好且成本较高,加入20%左右的聚酯有其必要性。聚氧化丙烯二元醇是低成本的聚醚,但在软质湿法聚氨酯树脂中一般作助剂使用,很少通过反应接入聚氨酯树脂中,主要是因为其带有侧基,在水溶液中凝聚慢,成革支撑差。本发明是通过特殊的配比和工艺加以改善。前期过量的芳香族异氰酸酯提供强支撑,中段聚四氢呋喃二元醇进一步提高耐水解性能和结晶性,后期聚酯和扩链剂一起加入可以提供较好的弹性和压纹效果。
与已有技术相比,本发明的有益效果体现在:
本发明通过上述配方制得的高聚醚含量耐水解耐低温压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂应用于合成革生产,易压纹,制成的革制品具有立体饱满的花纹、柔软的手感、优异的耐水解性能和耐低温性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解释说明。
在实施例中,本发明采用以下原料:
本发明中,异氰酸酯采用4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯MDI。
本发明中,抗氧剂采用抗氧剂USH-301。
本发明中,有机溶剂采用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺DMF。
本发明中,非离子表面活性剂采用国都化工生产的GY-3000E、GY-6000E。
本发明中,扩链剂采用乙二醇EG。
本发明大分子二元醇中,聚酯二元醇为分子量为2000的聚酯二元醇SP-2045,该聚酯二元醇为己二酸和1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇共聚制得,1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇的质量比控制在1∶4-6;制备方法参见:聚氨酯树脂及其应用,化学工业出版社(2011.11),刘益军,P62聚酯多元醇的生产方法和物料计算。
本发明大分子二元醇中,聚醚二元醇采用聚氧化丙烯二元醇和聚四氢呋喃二元醇的混合,其中聚氧化丙烯二元醇选用分子量为1000的聚氧化丙烯二元醇PPG-1、分子量为2000的聚氧化丙烯二元醇PPG-2;聚四氢呋喃二元醇选用分子量为1000的聚四氢呋喃二元醇PTMG-1、分子量为2000的聚四氢呋喃二元醇PTMG-2。
实施例1:
本实施例所用原料及其配比如表1所示:
表1.实施例1原料及配比
本实施例高聚醚含量耐水解耐低温压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂的制备过程如下:
按配比向反应釜中加入DMF、PPG-2、USH-301和部分MDI,控制氰羟比1.3,于60-80℃常压下反应1小时,再加入PTMG-2,控制氰羟比0.74,60-80℃继续反应1小时;加入SP-2045、EG、DMF和剩余90%的MDI,60-80℃进行扩链反应,、体系粘度达到要求后加入剩余DMF和GY-3000E,最终得到粘度约180Pa.s/25℃,固含量30%的高聚醚含量耐水解耐低温压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂。
实施例2:
本实施例所用原料及其配比如表2所示:
表2.实施例2原料及配比
本实施例高聚醚含量耐水解耐低温压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂的制备过程如下:
按配比向反应釜中加入DMF、PPG-2、USH-301和部分MDI,控制氰羟比1.32,于60-80℃常压下反应1小时,再加入PTMG-2,控制氰羟比0.79,60-80℃继续反应1小时;加入SP-2045、EG、DMF和剩余90%的MDI,60-80℃进行扩链反应,体系粘度达到要求后加入剩余DMF和GY-6000E,最终得到粘度约60Pa.s/25℃,固含量27%的高聚醚含量耐水解耐低温压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂。

Claims (5)

1.一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于: 由异氰酸酯、大分子二元醇、扩链剂、抗氧剂、有机溶剂、非离子表面活性剂制备而成,其中:
所述有机溶剂的用量为体系总质量的70-75%;
所述非离子表面活性剂的用量为体系总质量的0.5-1.5%;
所述大分子二元醇和所述扩链剂的质量比为15-20:1,大分子二元醇为聚酯二元醇和聚醚二元醇的混合,其中聚醚二元醇的质量为大分子二元醇总质量的70-80%,
所述异氰酸酯中的异氰酸根和羟基的摩尔量之比为0.95-1:1,羟基的摩尔量为大分子二元醇及扩链剂中的羟基摩尔之和;
所述抗氧剂为亚磷酸酯类化合物,所述抗氧剂的用量为体系总质量的0.01%-0.03%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于:所述大分子二元醇中,聚酯二元醇为己二酸丁二醇和新戊二醇聚酯二元醇中任意一种或两者任意混合,聚醚二元醇为聚四氢呋喃二元醇和聚氧化丙烯二元醇的混合,其中聚四氢呋喃二元醇和聚氧化丙烯二元醇质量比例为0.5-2:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于:所述大分子二元醇的数均分子量为1000-4000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于:所述非离子表面活性剂为环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷共聚的聚醚。
5.一种高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,其特征在于:依次包括以下步骤:
(1)首先按配比向反应釜中加入有机溶剂、聚氧化丙烯二元醇、抗氧剂和部分异氰酸酯,控制氰羟比1.3-1.5,在反应釜中于60-80℃温度条件下常压下反应1小时,再加入聚四氢呋喃二元醇,控制氰羟比0.6-0.8,并在60-80℃温度条件下继续反应1小时;
(2)、接着向反应釜中加入聚酯二元醇、扩链剂、有机溶剂、剩余异氰酸酯量的90%,在60-80℃温度条件下进行扩链反应;
(3)、当反应釜中体系粘度达到要求后,加入剩余有机溶剂和占体系总质量1-1.5%的非离子表面活性剂,并搅拌0.5-1小时以搅拌均匀,最终得到粘度60-180Pa.s/25℃,固含量25-30%的高聚醚含量压纹型湿法聚氨酯树脂。
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