CN107724596B - Partially prefabricated sandwich wallboard, wall structure thereof and building - Google Patents
Partially prefabricated sandwich wallboard, wall structure thereof and building Download PDFInfo
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- CN107724596B CN107724596B CN201710930290.3A CN201710930290A CN107724596B CN 107724596 B CN107724596 B CN 107724596B CN 201710930290 A CN201710930290 A CN 201710930290A CN 107724596 B CN107724596 B CN 107724596B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/14—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements being composed of two or more materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/32—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
- E04C2/324—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material with incisions or reliefs in the surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology
Abstract
The invention provides a part of prefabricated sandwich wall board, a wall body knot and a building thereof. The partially prefabricated sandwich panel comprises: the prefabricated heat-insulating plate comprises a heat-insulating core layer, a steel wire mesh, oblique inserting wires and a prefabricated surface layer; and a rear plastering layer positioned on the outer surface of the prefabricated surface layer of the prefabricated heat insulation board. The roof structure of the building may be constituted by partially prefabricated sandwich roof panels or other forms of roof panels. The technical scheme of the invention organically combines factory prefabrication and site construction, the prefabricated heat insulation board adopted by the partially prefabricated sandwich wallboard and the roof board can be produced in a factory and standardized way, the production equipment is simple, the product quality is stable, and meanwhile, the prefabricated sandwich wallboard and the roof board are convenient to transport and install in site construction, the construction process is simple, and the requirements on construction conditions are lower. The building disclosed by the invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, simple construction technology, good heat preservation and waterproof performance and good economy, and is especially suitable for new rural construction in areas with underdeveloped northern economic conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building structures and construction thereof, relates to a heat-insulating energy-saving building, and in particular relates to a part of prefabricated sandwich wall boards, a wall structure thereof and a building.
Background
The traditional low-rise buildings, especially rural residences, mostly adopt masonry structures, namely, the wall body is generally a brick masonry wall, and the floor and the roof are cast-in-situ reinforced concrete plates. The construction mode has the advantages of more field wet operation, low construction speed and easy material waste and environmental pollution. Currently, china is greatly developing assembled buildings, and the assembled building technology is applied to low-rise buildings, so that a series of problems existing in the traditional building technology can be solved. However, the existing assembly type construction technology is mostly used for high-rise buildings, and the problems of complex construction, high cost and the like exist when the assembly type construction technology is used for low-rise buildings.
On the other hand, the traditional low-rise building, especially rural houses, has insufficient importance level for energy-saving design, has poor heat preservation and energy-saving effect achieved by wall body and roof self or external heat preservation, and simultaneously has the problems of easy cracking, hollowing, leakage, falling off, ignition and the like by adopting the traditional external-pasting heat preservation method.
In summary, in order to solve the problems associated with the conventional construction technology and the existing assembly construction technology for the low-rise building, the construction mode and the energy-saving effect of the low-rise building are improved and improved, and it is necessary to provide an effective construction technical scheme which is suitable for the low-rise building and has reasonable structure, convenient construction and investment saving.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a part of prefabricated sandwich wall board, a wall structure formed by the part of prefabricated sandwich wall board and a low-rise building formed by the wall structure and the roof structure.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a partially prefabricated sandwich panel comprising:
prefabricated heated board, it includes: the heat preservation core layer is arranged inside the wallboard; the steel wire meshes are arranged on two sides of the heat preservation core layer; the oblique inserting wires are obliquely inserted through the heat preservation core layer and form a space steel wire net frame structure together with the steel wire net; the prefabricated surface layers are arranged on two sides of the heat preservation core layer and form a whole with the steel wire mesh; and a rear plastering layer which is smeared on the outer surface of the prefabricated surface layer of the prefabricated heat insulation board.
In the sandwich wallboard, the surface layer can be reserved with grooves or rough surfaces according to design requirements, and connecting steel wires can be arranged in the grooves, so that the rear plastering layer and the prefabricated heat insulation plate form an integral bearing structural member.
During construction of the wall body, the prefabricated heat-insulating plate can be firstly installed and temporarily fixed, connecting steel bars or steel wire meshes at joints are bound, and then the surface layer is plastered after site construction.
The heat preservation core layer can be flush with or extend out of the side edge of the wallboard by a set length relative to the prefabricated surface layer according to requirements, wherein the extending lengths can be the same or different respectively at two side edges of the wallboard. When the heat preservation core layer stretches out relative to the prefabricated surface layer, the adjacent wallboards can be connected conveniently.
The insulation core layer can be flush or retracted relative to the prefabricated facing layer at the end of the wallboard by a set length as desired, wherein the length of retraction can be the same or different at the two ends of the wallboard, respectively. When the heat preservation core layer is retracted relative to the prefabricated surface layer, the heat preservation core layer can be placed in the wall body, and the end part of the wallboard forms a prefabricated edge seal.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a wall structure comprising a partially prefabricated sandwich wall panel, comprising:
a plurality of the partially prefabricated sandwich wallboards, wherein the partially prefabricated sandwich wallboards further comprise middle wallboards, corner wallboards, wallboards below a window hole and wallboards above the window hole; wherein:
the heat preservation core layer extends out of the two side edges of the middle wallboard, the wallboard below the window hole or the wallboard above the window hole by a set length relative to the prefabricated surface layer, and the extending lengths are the same on the two side edges;
the heat-insulating core layer extends out of the prefabricated surface layer by a set length at two sides of the corner wallboard, the extending lengths are different at the two sides of the wallboard, and the length at one side for corner is longer;
the adjacent middle wallboard and the middle wallboard are closely contacted with the heat-insulating core layer of the corner wallboard, a horizontal connecting steel bar or a steel wire mesh is arranged outside the prefabricated surface layer, and then a post-plastering layer is constructed to connect the adjacent wallboards into a whole;
reserving a set gap between wallboards at two sides of a door and window hole and between wallboards at the lower part of the door and window hole and wallboards at the upper part of the door and window hole, arranging vertical reinforcing steel bars in the gap, arranging horizontal connecting reinforcing steel bars or steel wires at the joint of the edges of the door and window hole and the wallboards at the lower part of the door and window hole, arranging horizontal connecting reinforcing steel bars or steel wires outside a prefabricated surface layer, and then plastering and filling the gap after construction to ensure that wallboards at the door and window hole are connected into a whole;
the heat-insulating core layers of adjacent corner wallboards are in vertical and tight contact, vertical steel bars are arranged at four corners of the corner parts, connecting steel bars or steel wire meshes are respectively arranged along the inner sides and the outer sides of the corner parts, and then a post-plastering layer is constructed to connect the adjacent corner wallboards into a whole;
the heat-insulating core layer is flush with the prefabricated surface layer at the upper end parts of the middle wallboard, the corner wallboard or the wallboard below the window hole, and is retracted for a set length relative to the prefabricated surface layer at the lower end part, so that the heat-insulating core layer is contained in the wallboard at the end parts; the upper end part and the lower end part of the wallboard above the door and window hole are flush with the heat preservation core layer relative to the prefabricated surface layer;
reserving set gaps between the wallboard below the window hole and the lower edge of the window hole and between the wallboard above the door and window hole and the upper edge of the door and window hole, arranging horizontal steel bars in the gaps, arranging vertical connecting steel bars or steel wire meshes along the end parts of the wallboards, and then plastering and filling the gaps after construction simultaneously; in yet another aspect, the present invention provides a low-rise building constructed using the wall structure and roof structure constructed from partially prefabricated sandwich panels, wherein the roof structure is constructed from a plurality of partially prefabricated sandwich roof panels, and other forms of lightweight roof structures may be used as desired.
The structure of the partial prefabricated sandwich roof board is similar to that of the partial prefabricated sandwich wall board, and the partial prefabricated sandwich roof board also comprises a prefabricated heat insulation board, wherein the prefabricated heat insulation board consists of a heat insulation core layer, a steel wire mesh, oblique inserting wires, a prefabricated surface layer and a rear plastering layer. For roof panels, generally, only the top is provided with a rear finishing layer, and the top prefabricated finishing layer is provided with a groove or a rough surface, and a connecting steel wire can be arranged in the groove.
The heat preservation core layer stretches out of the preset length relative to the prefabricated surface layer at two side edges of the part of prefabricated sandwich roof board, and the stretching-out lengths are the same at the two side edges; at both ends of the roof panel, the insulation core is retracted a set length relative to the prefabricated facing so that the insulation core is contained inside the roof panel at the ends.
And the heat preservation core layers of the adjacent partial prefabricated sandwich roof boards are closely contacted, a horizontal connecting reinforcing steel bar or a steel wire mesh is arranged on the top prefabricated surface layer, and then the surface layer is smeared after construction, so that the adjacent roof boards are connected into a whole.
The roof board is characterized in that a set gap is reserved between the bottom of the roof board and the upper end of a part of sandwich prefabricated wall board in the wall body structure, horizontal steel bars are arranged in the gap, vertical connecting steel bars are arranged along two sides of a prefabricated surface layer of the wall board, and the vertical connecting steel bars penetrate through a roof board joint or a roof board and then are bent and anchored into a rear plastering layer, so that the roof board and the wall body structure are connected into a whole.
The technical scheme of the invention is suitable for a traditional cast-in-situ or prefabricated foundation, a slurry-setting layer is arranged between the lower end of a part of prefabricated sandwich wall boards in the wall structure and the top surface of the foundation, vertical connecting steel bars are reserved on the top surface of the foundation, and extend into the rear plastering layer, so that the wall boards and the foundation are integrally connected.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
1) And organically combining the standardized prefabricated heat-insulating board with site construction.
2) The prefabricated heat-insulating plate can be produced in a factory and standardized way, the production equipment is simple, and the product quality is stable.
3) The prefabricated heat-insulating board has light weight, can be manually carried, does not need large-scale transportation and hoisting vehicles and equipment, and is convenient for site construction.
4) The core material of the prefabricated heat-insulating board adopts a polystyrene board, has good waterproof and heat-insulating effects, and can be used in severe cold and cold areas. The prefabricated surface layer of the prefabricated heat-insulating plate can adopt vitrified microbead heat-insulating mortar or other light inorganic materials to play a role in auxiliary heat insulation.
5) The heat preservation core layer of the prefabricated heat preservation board is arranged in the wall body and the roof board component, so that the hidden danger that the heat preservation material is in direct contact with open fire and is easy to generate fire in the construction process and under the normal use condition of the house is eliminated.
6) The steel wire meshes on the two sides of the prefabricated heat-insulating plate and the oblique inserting wires form a space steel wire grid structure together. A certain number of grooves can be reserved on the prefabricated surface layers on two sides, and bidirectional steel wires are arranged in the grooves. In particular, the surface of the prefabricated insulation board may also be provided with a roughened surface. The rear plastering layer and the prefabricated heat insulation plate of the site construction can form an integral bearing structural member through the action of the grooves or the rough surfaces.
7) During construction, the prefabricated heat-insulating plate can be firstly installed and temporarily fixed, connecting steel bars or steel wire meshes at joints are bound, then the post-plastering layer is constructed on site, and the post-plastering layer can be mechanically constructed by adopting spraying equipment.
8) The rear surface layer is not only used as a part of the bearing member, but also can directly carry out facing treatment without secondary leveling layer construction on the surface of the member after finishing leveling.
9) The joint of the components is smeared on site, so that the leakage and cracking phenomenon at the joint of the external heat preservation system are avoided.
10 The building is light in weight, and good in integrity and earthquake resistance.
11 The building economy is good, and the method is particularly suitable for new rural construction in areas with underdeveloped northern economic conditions.
Drawings
The foregoing brief description of the invention, as well as the following detailed description of the invention, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1A is a plan view of a wall structure of a single-story building constructed of partially prefabricated sandwich panels according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIGS. 1B-1D are, respectively, elevational views of the wall of FIG. 1A, wherein: fig. 1B is an (1) axis or (2) axis wall elevation, fig. 1C is an a axis wall elevation, and fig. 1D is a B axis wall elevation.
Fig. 2A-2C are cross-sectional views of a partially prefabricated sandwich panel, respectively, according to one embodiment of the invention, wherein: fig. 2A is a cross-sectional view of an intermediate wall panel of a wall, fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of a corner wall panel of a wall, and fig. 2C is a cross-sectional view of an intermediate wall panel (narrow) of a wall.
Fig. 2D and 2E are longitudinal sectional views of a portion of a prefabricated sandwich wall panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein fig. 2D is a longitudinal sectional view of a middle wall panel, a corner wall panel or a wall panel below a window opening of a wall body, and fig. 2E is a longitudinal sectional view of a wall panel above a window opening of a wall body, respectively.
The wallboard shown in fig. 2A-2E has grooves with 70mm x120mm on two side surfaces, the grooves are arranged in two rows, the distance is not more than 600mm, when the width of the wallboard is less than 600mm, a row of grooves can be arranged in the middle, and according to the requirement, the grooves can be not arranged, and rough surfaces with concave-convex depth not less than 6mm can be arranged.
Fig. 3A-3C are respectively wall connection construction diagrams according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein: fig. 3A is a connection structure diagram between corner wallboards, fig. 3B is a connection structure diagram between middle wallboards, and fig. 3C is a connection structure diagram between upper and lower wallboards and adjacent wallboards at a door and window opening.
Fig. 3D-3F are construction views of wall panels for both sides, upper or lower edges of a door window opening, wherein: fig. 3D is a two-sided structure of the door and window opening, fig. 3E is an upper side structure of the door and window opening, and fig. 3E is a lower side structure of the door and window opening.
Fig. 4A is a floor plan of a roof according to one embodiment of the invention, wherein the roof is schematically shown to comprise 10 roof panels.
Figures 4B and 4C are a cross-sectional view and a longitudinal sectional view, respectively, of a roof panel in the roof of figure 4A, the roof panel being provided with grooves on its top surface, the requirements being the same as those of the wall panels.
Fig. 5A is a connection construction diagram of a wall panel and a roof panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5B is a connection configuration diagram of adjacent roof panels according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5C is a connection configuration diagram of a wall panel and foundation according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a basic sectional view according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which reserved connection bars are schematically depicted.
Detailed Description
In order that the manner in which the above recited features, advantages, objects and advantages of the present invention are obtained will become readily apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.
In one embodiment, the building of the present invention comprises a wall structure 100 of partially prefabricated sandwich panels, comprising a plurality of intermediate panels 110, corner panels 120, and door and window cavity upper panels 130 and window cavity lower panels 140 as desired by the design. For example, FIG. 1A is a plan view of a wall 100 structure of a single-story building constructed of partially prefabricated sandwich panels according to one embodiment of the invention. FIGS. 1B-1D are, respectively, elevation views of the wall 100 of FIG. 1A, wherein: fig. 1B is an elevation view of (1) or (2) axis wall 100B, fig. 1C is an elevation view of a-axis wall 100C, and fig. 1D is an elevation view of B-axis wall 100D.
Fig. 2A-2C are cross-sectional views of a partially prefabricated sandwich panel, respectively, according to one embodiment of the invention, wherein: fig. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a middle wall panel 210 of a wall, fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of a corner wall panel 220 of a wall, and fig. 2C is a cross-sectional view of a middle wall panel (narrow) 210C of a wall. Fig. 2D and 2E are longitudinal sectional views of a portion of a prefabricated sandwich wall panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein fig. 2D is a longitudinal sectional view of a middle wall panel 210, a corner wall panel 220 or a wall panel 240 below a window opening of a wall body, and fig. 2E is a longitudinal sectional view of a wall panel 230 above a door and window opening of a wall body, respectively.
The insulating core may be flush or extend a set length from the side edges of the wall panel relative to the prefabricated facing as desired, wherein the length may be the same (e.g., fig. 2A, 2C) or different (e.g., fig. 2B) on each of the two side edges of the wall panel.
The insulating core may be flush (e.g., fig. 2E) or recessed by a set length (e.g., fig. 2D) at the ends of the wallboard relative to the prefabricated facing as desired, wherein the length of the recess may be the same or different at the two ends of the wallboard, respectively.
In one embodiment, the wall structure of the present invention (e.g., FIGS. 1A-1D) formed from partially prefabricated sandwich wall panels comprises:
a plurality of said partially prefabricated sandwich panels further comprising an intermediate panel (fig. 2A, 2C), a corner panel (fig. 2B), a door cavity top panel (fig. 2E), and a window cavity bottom panel (fig. 2D); wherein:
the heat-insulating core layer extends out of the two side edges of the middle wallboard, the wallboard above the door opening or the wallboard below the window opening by a set length relative to the prefabricated surface layer, and the extending lengths are the same on the two side edges (figures 2A and 2C); the thermal insulation core layer extends out of the prefabricated surface layer by a set length at two sides of the corner wallboard, the extending lengths are different at the two sides of the wallboard, and are longer at the side for corner (figure 2B);
at the respective upper ends of the intermediate, corner or window panels, the insulating core is flush with respect to the prefabricated facing (fig. 2D, 2E), and at the lower ends the insulating core is retracted a set length with respect to the prefabricated facing, such that the insulating core is contained at the ends within the panel (fig. 2D); the heat-insulating core layer is flush with respect to the prefabricated surface layer at the upper end and the lower end of the wallboard above the door and window hole (fig. 2E);
a steel mesh 252w and a wire 252s (as shown in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2C) may be provided on the prefabricated facing of the intermediate wall panel, the corner wall panel, the wall panel above the door opening, and the wall panel below the window opening.
Fig. 3A-3C are respectively wall connection construction diagrams according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein:
fig. 3A is a connection structure between the middle wall boards, the heat insulation core layers 351 of the adjacent middle wall boards are closely contacted, horizontal connection reinforcing steel bars 352a or steel wire meshes are arranged outside the prefabricated surface layers, and then a post-plastering layer 357 is constructed to connect the adjacent wall boards into a whole;
FIG. 3B is a connection structure between corner wallboards, wherein heat insulation core layers of adjacent corner wallboards are in vertical and tight contact, vertical steel bars 354 are arranged at four corners of a corner part, L-shaped connection steel bars 352B or steel wire meshes are respectively arranged along the inner side and the outer side of the corner part, and then a post-construction plastering layer 357 is constructed to connect the adjacent corner wallboards into a whole;
fig. 3C is a connection structure of the upper and lower wall plates of the door and window hole and the adjacent wall plates, a set gap is reserved between the upper and lower wall plates of the door and window hole and the adjacent wall plates, vertical steel bars 354 are arranged in the gap, horizontal connection steel bars 352C or steel wire nets are arranged outside the prefabricated surface layer, then a post-construction plastering layer 357 is constructed and the gap is filled, so that the wall plates at the door and window hole are connected into a whole;
fig. 3D-3F are construction views of wall panels for both sides, upper or lower edges of a door window opening, wherein:
FIG. 3D is a two-side structure of a door and window opening, a set gap is reserved between wallboards and the edges of the door and window opening on two sides of the door and window opening, vertical steel bars 354 are arranged in the gap, horizontal U-shaped connecting steel bars 352D or steel wire meshes are arranged, and then a post-construction plastering layer 357 is constructed and the gap is filled;
fig. 3E is an upper edge structure of a door and window opening, fig. 3F is a lower edge structure of a window opening, a set gap is reserved between a wall plate above the door and window opening and between a wall plate below the window opening and a lower edge of the window opening, vertical steel bars 354 are arranged in the gap, vertical U-shaped connecting steel bars 352E, 352F or steel wire meshes are arranged along the end parts of the wall plates, and then a finishing layer and a filling gap are simultaneously constructed.
In one embodiment, the building of the present invention further comprises a roofing structure that may be constructed from a plurality of partially prefabricated sandwich roof panels, as well as other forms of lightweight roofing structures, as desired. The roof structure, the wall structure and the foundation are combined to form a single-layer building.
Fig. 4A is a roof floor plan view of one embodiment of the present invention, schematically illustrating a roof structure 400 comprising 10 partially prefabricated sandwich roof panels 480.
Fig. 4B and 4C are a cross-sectional view and a longitudinal sectional view, respectively, of a roof panel in the roof depicted in fig. 4A. In one embodiment: at both sides of the roof panel, the insulating core 451 extends a set length with respect to the prefabricated surface layer, the extending length being the same at both sides (fig. 4B); at both ends of the roof panel, the insulation core 451 is retracted by a set length with respect to the prefabricated facing so that the insulation core 451 is contained inside the roof panel at the ends (fig. 4C).
In one embodiment, fig. 5A is a connection configuration of a wall panel and a roof panel according to one embodiment of the present invention. A set gap is reserved between the bottom of the roof plate 580 and the upper end of a part of sandwich prefabricated wall plate 510 in the wall structure, horizontal steel bars 553 are arranged in the gap, vertical connecting steel bars 554 and tie bars 556 for overlapping the longitudinal and transverse wall steel bars are arranged along the two sides of the prefabricated surface layer of the wall plate, and the vertical connecting steel bars penetrate through a roof plate seam or a roof plate back-bending anchor into a back-plastering layer 557, so that the roof plate 580 is connected with the wall structure into a whole.
In one embodiment, fig. 5B is a connection configuration of adjacent roof panels according to one embodiment of the present invention. The heat preservation sandwich layer of the adjacent part of prefabricated sandwich roof boards is closely contacted, a horizontal connecting steel bar 552 or a steel wire mesh is arranged on the top prefabricated surface layer, then a post-construction plastering layer 557 is arranged, the construction of the facing layer is directly carried out on the bottom prefabricated surface layer, and the bottom joint is sealed by using a foaming agent 558 and is provided with materials such as alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 559, so that the adjacent roof boards are connected into a whole.
In one embodiment, fig. 5C is a connection configuration of a wallboard and foundation according to one embodiment of the present invention. A slurry setting layer 561 is arranged between the lower end of a part of prefabricated sandwich wall boards in the wall structure and the top surface of a foundation, vertical connecting steel bars 554 are reserved on the top surface of the foundation, and the vertical connecting steel bars 554 extend into the rear plastering layer, so that the wall boards and the foundation are connected into a whole.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a wall panel and foundation connection according to one embodiment of the present invention, the foundation may be in a conventional cast-in-place or prefabricated form, with vertical connection rebars 554 schematically illustrated to enable the wall panel to be integrally connected to the foundation. In the above-mentioned components and their manufacturing and installation methods, the specific steps may be appropriately adjusted according to actual needs, and in addition, the arrangement of the components and the reinforcing bars may take different schemes according to design and construction needs.
The technical scheme of the invention is mainly suitable for low-rise buildings, the drawing is only a single-layer building, when the drawing is a low-rise building with more than one layer, the technical scheme of the wall structure and the roof structure is the same as that of the single-layer building, and the floor structure can adopt part of prefabricated sandwich floor slabs similar to the roof slab structure and can also adopt floor slabs of other forms.
In the description herein and in the drawings, the products and methods of the present invention are described as particular shapes, materials or process sequences, and certain detailed parameters are provided for illustrative purposes for some specific embodiments. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed; that is, modifications and variations of shape, material, or sequence of processes are still included within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wall structure formed from partially prefabricated sandwich wall panels comprising:
a multi-piece partially prefabricated sandwich panel, the partially prefabricated sandwich panel comprising:
prefabricated heated board, it includes: the heat preservation core layer is arranged inside the wallboard; the steel wire meshes are arranged on two sides of the heat preservation core layer; the oblique inserting wires are obliquely inserted through the heat preservation core layer and form a space steel wire net frame structure together with the steel wire net; the prefabricated surface layers are arranged on two sides of the heat preservation core layer and form a whole with the steel wire mesh; and
a rear plastering layer smeared on the outer surface of the prefabricated surface layer of the prefabricated heat insulation board
The part of the prefabricated sandwich wall boards further comprise a middle wall board, a corner wall board, a wall board below a window hole and a wall board above the window hole; wherein:
the heat preservation core layer extends out of the two side edges of the middle wallboard, the wallboard below the window hole or the wallboard above the window hole by a set length relative to the prefabricated surface layer, and the extending lengths are the same on the two side edges; the heat-insulating core layer extends out of the prefabricated surface layer by a set length at two sides of the corner wallboard, the extending lengths are different at the two sides of the wallboard, and the length at one side for corner is longer;
the adjacent middle wallboard and the middle wallboard are closely contacted with the heat-insulating core layer of the corner wallboard, a horizontal connecting steel bar or a steel wire mesh is arranged outside the prefabricated surface layer, and then a post-plastering layer is constructed to connect the adjacent wallboards into a whole;
reserving a set gap between wallboards at two sides of a door and window hole and between wallboards at the lower part of the door and window hole and wallboards at the upper part of the door and window hole, arranging vertical reinforcing steel bars in the gap, arranging horizontal connecting reinforcing steel bars or steel wires at the joint of the edges of the door and window hole and the wallboards at the lower part of the door and window hole, arranging horizontal connecting reinforcing steel bars or steel wires outside a prefabricated surface layer, and then plastering and filling the gap after construction to ensure that wallboards at the door and window hole are connected into a whole;
the heat-insulating core layers of adjacent corner wallboards are in vertical and tight contact, vertical steel bars are arranged at four corners of the corner parts, connecting steel bars or steel wire meshes are respectively arranged along the inner sides and the outer sides of the corner parts, and then a post-plastering layer is constructed to connect the adjacent corner wallboards into a whole;
the heat-insulating core layer is flush with the prefabricated surface layer at the upper end parts of the middle wallboard, the corner wallboard or the wallboard below the window hole, and is retracted for a set length relative to the prefabricated surface layer at the lower end part, so that the heat-insulating core layer is contained in the wallboard at the end parts; the upper end part and the lower end part of the wallboard above the door and window hole are flush with the heat preservation core layer relative to the prefabricated surface layer;
the wall plate under the window hole and the lower edge of the window hole and the wall plate above the door and the window hole are reserved with preset gaps, horizontal steel bars are arranged in the gaps, vertical connecting steel bars or steel wire meshes are arranged along the end parts of the wall plates, and then the surface layer is plastered and the gaps are filled after construction.
2. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the facing layer is provided with a groove or a rough surface according to design requirements, and steel wires are further arranged in the groove, so that the rear plastering layer and the prefabricated heat insulation board form a whole bearing structure member.
3. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the prefabricated insulation board is installed and temporarily fixed at the time of construction of the wall, connection bars or wire meshes at joints are bound, and then a post-finishing layer is constructed on site.
4. The wall structure of claim 1, wherein the insulating core is flush or extends a set length relative to the prefabricated facing at the side edges of the wall panel as desired.
5. The wall structure of claim 4, wherein the lengths of extension may be the same or different on each of the two sides of the wall panel.
6. The wall structure of claim 1, wherein the insulating core is flush or recessed at the ends of the wall panels by a set length relative to the prefabricated facing as desired.
7. The wall structure of claim 6, wherein the length of setback may be the same or different at both ends of the wall panel, respectively.
8. A low-rise building having a wall structure formed from partially prefabricated sandwich wall panels, comprising:
the wall structure of any one of claims 1-7; and
the roof structure is composed of a plurality of partially prefabricated sandwich roof boards, and other light roof structures can be adopted according to requirements;
the construction of the partially prefabricated sandwich roof panel is similar to that of the partially prefabricated sandwich wall panel, and the partially prefabricated sandwich roof panel also comprises a prefabricated heat-insulating plate, which consists of a heat-insulating core layer, a steel wire mesh, oblique inserting wires and a prefabricated surface layer, and a rear surface layer, wherein the rear surface layer is arranged on two sides of the wall panel, and the roof panel is generally provided with the rear surface layer only at the top, and a groove or a rough surface is arranged on the top prefabricated surface layer, and connecting steel wires can be arranged in the groove.
9. The low-rise building of claim 8, wherein in the partially prefabricated sandwich roof panel of the roofing structure:
the heat preservation core layer extends out of the prefabricated surface layer by a set length at two sides of the roof board, and the extending lengths are the same at the two sides; at both ends of the roof panel, the insulation core is retracted a set length relative to the prefabricated facing so that the insulation core is contained inside the roof panel at the ends.
10. The low-rise building of claim 8 or 9, wherein:
the heat preservation core layers of the adjacent partial prefabricated sandwich roof boards are closely contacted, a horizontal connecting steel bar or a steel wire mesh is arranged on the top prefabricated surface layer, and then a post-construction plastering layer is constructed to connect the adjacent roof boards into a whole;
a set gap is reserved between the bottom of the roof board and the upper end of a part of sandwich prefabricated wall board in the wall structure, horizontal steel bars are arranged in the gap, vertical connecting steel bars are arranged along the two sides of a prefabricated surface layer of the wall board, and the vertical connecting steel bars penetrate through a roof board joint or a roof board and then are bent and anchored into a rear plastering layer, so that the roof board and the wall structure are connected into a whole;
when the wall structure is used for a foundation in a traditional cast-in-situ or prefabricated mode, a slurry setting layer is arranged between the lower end of a part of prefabricated sandwich wall boards in the wall structure and the top surface of the foundation, vertical connecting steel bars are reserved on the top surface of the foundation and extend into the rear plastering layer, so that the wall boards and the foundation are connected into a whole.
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| CN201710930290.3A CN107724596B (en) | 2017-10-09 | 2017-10-09 | Partially prefabricated sandwich wallboard, wall structure thereof and building |
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| CN108766608A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-06 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | A kind of nuclear power station barrier shield SC fractal structures |
| GR1010309B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2022-09-28 | Αριστοτελειο Πανεπιστημιο Θεσσαλονικης-Ειδικος Λογαριασμος Κονδυλιων Ερευνας, | Prefabricated mixed support masonry system - assembly and construction method thereof |
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