CN107723708A - 一种多孔金属材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种多孔金属材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107723708A CN107723708A CN201710903094.7A CN201710903094A CN107723708A CN 107723708 A CN107723708 A CN 107723708A CN 201710903094 A CN201710903094 A CN 201710903094A CN 107723708 A CN107723708 A CN 107723708A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- metal material
- polyurethane sponge
- porous metal
- sponge substrate
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/20—Metallic material, boron or silicon on organic substrates
- C23C14/205—Metallic material, boron or silicon on organic substrates by cathodic sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/28—Vacuum evaporation by wave energy or particle radiation
- C23C14/30—Vacuum evaporation by wave energy or particle radiation by electron bombardment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种多孔金属材料的制备方法,将聚胺酯海绵基材依次经过物理气相沉积、纵横双向拉伸、电化学沉积和还原处理制得多孔金属材料,其中纵横双向拉伸的恒拉力为10~150N,纵横双向的拉伸值均为10~25%。本发明通过纵横双向拉伸操作,有效改善了多孔金属材料面密度的均匀性,增强了多孔金属材料内部孔连接结构的致密性和强度。此外,本发明的多孔金属材料制备工艺简单,与现有生产工艺匹配,易实现规模化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料制备技术领域,涉及一种多孔金属材料的制备方法。
背景技术
多孔金属材料的内部弥散分布着大量的孔洞,具有比重小、比表面积大和导热率低的特点,多用于制作电池电极、过滤器和催化剂载体。现有的多孔金属材料多采用聚胺酯海绵为基体材料,但因原始发泡聚胺酯海绵具有三维不规则的孔径,在制备多孔金属材料的过程中会出现电沉积不均匀的情况,导致所制备的多孔金属材料面密度不一致且抗拉强度较低。
中国发明专利CN200510136785.6公开了一种泡沫金属的基材及其制备方法和拉伸定型设备,对聚胺酶海绵进行纵向拉伸后,所制得的多孔金属材料纵向面密度和抗拉性能得到了改善,但此专利仅研究了纵向拉伸对材料性能的影响,未涉及横向拉伸,且采用这种材料制得的电池性能不均一,无法承受较大电流的冲击,电池的使用寿命也较短。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种多孔金属材料的制备方法,解决了现有技术中存在的多孔金属材料面密度不均匀,抗拉强度低,无法承受较大电流冲击的问题。
本发明所采用的技术方案是,一种多孔金属材料的制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、以聚胺酯海绵为基材,采用物理气相沉积法,在聚胺酯海绵基材上沉积一层镍层,得到聚胺酯海绵基材A;
步骤2、采用恒拉力将经步骤1得到的聚胺酯海绵基材A同时进行纵横双向拉伸,得到聚胺酯海绵基材B。
步骤3、将经步骤2得到的聚胺酯海绵基材B作为电镀阴极,在普通的瓦特电镀体系下进行电化学沉积金属镍,得到聚胺酯海绵基材C;
步骤4、将经步骤3得到的聚胺酯海绵基材C在400~600℃下焚烧后,在800~1000℃以及含70%氢气与30%氮气的保护气氛中进行还原处理,制得所述多孔金属材料。
本发明的特点还在于:
物理气相沉积具体采用电子束蒸发方式,具体方法如下:将纯金属镍放入电子束物理气相沉积坩埚中,用高能电子束使金属镍熔化,熔化后的金属镍蒸发并沉积到置于其上方的聚胺酯海绵基材表面,形成镍层。
镍层的厚度为0.4g/m2。
恒拉力为10~150N。
纵横双向拉伸的拉伸值均为10~25%。
电化学沉积的温度为20~30℃,电流密度为3~8mA/cm2。
本发明的有益效果是:
1.通过纵横双向拉伸操作,有效改善了多孔金属材料面密度的均匀性,增强了多孔金属材料内部孔连接结构的致密性和强度;
2.本发明的多孔金属材料制备工艺简单,与现有生产工艺匹配,易实现规模化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明一种多孔金属材料的制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、以聚胺酯海绵为基材,采用物理气相沉积法,在聚胺酯海绵基材上沉积一层镍层,得到聚胺酯海绵基材A;
物理气相沉积具体采用电子束蒸发方式,将纯金属镍放入电子束物理气相沉积坩埚中,用高能电子束使金属镍熔化,熔化后的金属镍蒸发并沉积到置于其上方的聚胺酯海绵基材表面,形成镍层;
步骤2、采用10~150N的恒拉力将经步骤1得到的聚胺酯海绵基材A同时进行纵横双向拉伸,且纵横双向的拉伸值均为10~25%,得到聚胺酯海绵基材B;
步骤3、将经步骤2得到的聚胺酯海绵基材B作为电镀阴极,在普通的瓦特电镀体系下进行电化学沉积金属镍,得到聚胺酯海绵基材C;
其中,电化学沉积的温度为20~30℃,电流密度为3~8mA/cm2;
步骤4、将经步骤3得到的聚胺酯海绵基材C于400~600℃焚烧后,再在800~1000℃以及含70%氢气与30%氮气的保护气氛中进行还原处理,制得多孔金属材料。
实施例1
采用厚度为2.0mm的聚胺酯海绵为基材,按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、采用物理气相沉积法,在聚胺酯海绵基材上沉积一层镍层,镍沉积量为0.4g/m2,得到聚胺酯海绵基材A;
步骤2、采用10N的恒拉力将聚胺酯海绵基材A同时进行纵向和横向双向拉伸,纵横双向的拉伸值均为10%,得到聚胺酯海绵基材B;
步骤3、将聚胺酯海绵基材B作为电镀阴极,在普通的瓦特电镀体系下进行电化学沉积金属镍,得到聚胺酯海绵基材C;
步骤4、将聚胺酯海绵基材C经600℃焚烧后,在800℃以及含70%氢气与30%氮气的保护气氛中进行还原处理,制得多孔金属材料。
实施例2
采用厚度为2.0mm的聚胺酯海绵为基材,按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、采用物理气相沉积法,在聚胺酯海绵基材上沉积一层镍层,镍沉积量为0.4g/m2,得到聚胺酯海绵基材A;
步骤2、采用40N的恒拉力将聚胺酯海绵基材A同时进行纵向和横向双向拉伸,纵横双向的拉伸值均为20%,得到聚胺酯海绵基材B;
步骤3、将聚胺酯海绵基材B作为电镀阴极,在普通的瓦特电镀体系下进行电化学沉积金属镍,得到聚胺酯海绵基材C;
步骤4、将聚胺酯海绵基材C经550℃焚烧后,在850℃以及含70%氢气与30%氮气的保护气氛中进行还原处理,制得多孔金属材料。
实施例3
采用厚度为5.0mm的聚胺酯海绵为基材,按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、采用物理气相沉积法,在聚胺酯海绵基材上沉积一层镍层,镍沉积量为0.4g/m2,得到聚胺酯海绵基材A;
步骤2、采用70N的恒拉力将聚胺酯海绵基材A同时进行纵向和横向双向拉伸,纵横双向的拉伸值均为10%,得到聚胺酯海绵基材B;
步骤3、将聚胺酯海绵基材B作为电镀阴极,在普通的瓦特电镀体系下进行电化学沉积金属镍,得到聚胺酯海绵基材C;
步骤4、将聚胺酯海绵基材C经500℃焚烧后,在900℃以及含70%氢气与30%氮气的保护气氛中进行还原处理,制得多孔金属材料。
实施例4
采用厚度为5.0mm的聚胺酯海绵为基材,按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、采用物理气相沉积法,在聚胺酯海绵基材上沉积一层镍层,镍沉积量为0.4g/m2,得到聚胺酯海绵基材A;
步骤2、采用100N的恒拉力将聚胺酯海绵基材A同时进行纵向和横向双向拉伸,纵横双向的拉伸值均为15%,得到聚胺酯海绵基材B;
步骤3、将聚胺酯海绵基材B作为电镀阴极,在普通的瓦特电镀体系下进行电化学沉积金属镍,得到聚胺酯海绵基材C;
步骤4、将聚胺酯海绵基材C经450℃焚烧后,在950℃以及含70%氢气与30%氮气的保护气氛中进行还原处理,制得多孔金属材料。
实施例5
采用厚度为5.0mm的聚胺酯海绵为基材,按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、采用物理气相沉积法,在聚胺酯海绵上沉积一层镍层,镍沉积量为0.4g/m2,得到聚胺酯海绵基材A;
步骤2、采用150N的恒拉力将聚胺酯海绵基材A同时进行纵向和横向双向拉伸,纵横双向的拉伸值均为25%,得到聚胺酯海绵基材B;
步骤3、将聚胺酯海绵基材B作为电镀阴极,在普通的瓦特电镀体系下进行电化学沉积金属镍,得到聚胺酯海绵基材C;
步骤4、将聚胺酯海绵基材C经400℃焚烧后,在1000℃以及含70%氢气与30%氮气的保护气氛中进行还原处理,制得多孔金属材料。
利用本发明的制备方法能制备出多孔金属材料,该多孔金属材料面密度均匀,抗拉强度高且能承受较大电流冲击。
Claims (6)
1.一种多孔金属材料的制备方法,其特征在于,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1、以聚胺酯海绵为基材,采用物理气相沉积法,在聚胺酯海绵基材上沉积一层镍层,得到聚胺酯海绵基材A;
步骤2、采用恒拉力将经步骤1得到的聚胺酯海绵基材A同时进行纵横双向拉伸,得到聚胺酯海绵基材B。
步骤3、将经步骤2得到的聚胺酯海绵基材B作为电镀阴极,在普通的瓦特电镀体系下进行电化学沉积金属镍,得到聚胺酯海绵基材C;
步骤4、将经步骤3得到的聚胺酯海绵基材C在400~600℃下焚烧后,在800~1000℃以及含70%氢气与30%氮气的保护气氛中进行还原处理,制得所述多孔金属材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔金属材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述物理气相沉积具体采用电子束蒸发方式,具体方法如下:将纯金属镍放入电子束物理气相沉积坩埚中,用高能电子束使金属镍熔化,熔化后的金属镍蒸发并沉积到置于其上方的聚胺酯海绵基材表面,形成镍层。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种多孔金属材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述镍层的厚度为0.4g/m2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔金属材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述恒拉力为10~150N。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔金属材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述纵横双向拉伸的拉伸值均为10~25%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔金属材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述电化学沉积的温度为20~30℃,电流密度为3~8mA/cm2。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710903094.7A CN107723708A (zh) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | 一种多孔金属材料的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710903094.7A CN107723708A (zh) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | 一种多孔金属材料的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN107723708A true CN107723708A (zh) | 2018-02-23 |
Family
ID=61208951
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710903094.7A Pending CN107723708A (zh) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | 一种多孔金属材料的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN107723708A (zh) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102094224A (zh) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-06-15 | 常德力元新材料有限责任公司 | 多孔金属材料制备方法 |
CN102094225A (zh) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-06-15 | 常德力元新材料有限责任公司 | 多孔金属材料及制备方法 |
CN105220114A (zh) * | 2015-10-01 | 2016-01-06 | 无棣向上机械设计服务有限公司 | 金属复合材料及其制备方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-09-29 CN CN201710903094.7A patent/CN107723708A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102094224A (zh) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-06-15 | 常德力元新材料有限责任公司 | 多孔金属材料制备方法 |
CN102094225A (zh) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-06-15 | 常德力元新材料有限责任公司 | 多孔金属材料及制备方法 |
CN105220114A (zh) * | 2015-10-01 | 2016-01-06 | 无棣向上机械设计服务有限公司 | 金属复合材料及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Yang et al. | Interfacial manipulation via in situ grown ZnSe cultivator toward highly reversible Zn metal anodes | |
Liu et al. | Unique 3D nanoporous/macroporous structure Cu current collector for dendrite-free lithium deposition | |
CN105609783B (zh) | 一种碳结构集流体、电池负极、电池正极和锂电池 | |
KR101703516B1 (ko) | 탄소 섬유 직물/탄소 나노 튜브 전극의 제조 방법 | |
CN107799736A (zh) | 一种三维自支撑亲锂性载体封装的金属锂复合负极及其制备方法 | |
CN110061191A (zh) | 一种三维金属锂负极及其制备方法与应用 | |
Wang et al. | Amorphous–crystalline-heterostructured niobium oxide as two-in-one host matrix for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries | |
CN111613773B (zh) | 一种分级结构玻璃纤维与金属锂的复合物及其制备方法 | |
Brown et al. | Preparation and characterization of microporous Ni coatings as hydrogen evolving cathodes | |
CN114883560B (zh) | 一种三维集流体/Zn/Zn-E复合负极及其制备和在水系锌离子电池中的应用 | |
TW201207161A (en) | Method of manufacturing aluminum structure, and aluminum structure | |
JP2018190725A (ja) | リチウムイオン電池負極及びリチウムイオン電池 | |
Yang et al. | In situ observation of cracking and self-healing of solid electrolyte interphases during lithium deposition | |
CN101486485A (zh) | 一种蜂窝状CuO纳米材料及其制备方法 | |
CN111816881B (zh) | 一种类红毛丹壳状3d亲锂复合集流体、锂金属负极及其制备和应用 | |
CN105551909B (zh) | 场发射阴极及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN115411232A (zh) | 一种三维锂负极及其制备方法和锂电池 | |
Yi et al. | An ion-released MgI2-doped separator inducing a LiI-containing solid electrolyte interphase for dendrite-free Li metal anodes | |
WO2019233053A1 (zh) | 多微孔泡沫镍及其制备方法 | |
CN107723708A (zh) | 一种多孔金属材料的制备方法 | |
CN104178788B (zh) | 用于为钢板涂覆金属层的方法 | |
CN102094224A (zh) | 多孔金属材料制备方法 | |
Crousier et al. | Electrodeposition of NiP amorphous alloys. A multilayer structure | |
CN105220114A (zh) | 金属复合材料及其制备方法 | |
CN109332719B (zh) | 一种铜纳米线及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20180223 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |