CN107702937A - Simulate the experimental rig and test method of deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load - Google Patents
Simulate the experimental rig and test method of deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load Download PDFInfo
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- CN107702937A CN107702937A CN201711185208.5A CN201711185208A CN107702937A CN 107702937 A CN107702937 A CN 107702937A CN 201711185208 A CN201711185208 A CN 201711185208A CN 107702937 A CN107702937 A CN 107702937A
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Abstract
The invention discloses the experimental rig and test method of simulation deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load, the device includes true triaxial test platform, left bearing plate, right bearing plate, left bottom plate, right bottom plate, left circular hole, right circular hole, drilling rod entrance, line slideway, sliding block, propelling hydraulic cylinder, motor, motor output shaft, drilling rod, helical blade, solid bit, rock sample, loading chamber.Test method follows the steps below：Step 1: fixed rock sample is installed on true triaxial test platform, Step 2: three-dimensional primary stress loading is carried out to rock sample, Step 3: simulation tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation process, Step 4: carrying out follow-up test analysis.The present invention can carry out dynamic analog to the tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation unloading process in the triaxiality environment of deep, and the stress-relief process of " perforate after first loading " is realized under true triaxial loading environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Underground Engineering Excavation technical field, is related to a kind of simulation deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load
Experimental rig and test method.
Background technology
Tunnel is a kind of most common structure type of underground rock project.With the high speed development of national economy, mine, friendship
The underground rock project such as logical, water power, underground power house and laboratory constantly develops to underground deep, substantial amounts of deep tunnel occurs
Engineering.Into after deep, because crustal stress constantly increases, engineering excavation becomes more next to unloading effect caused by Wall Rock of Tunnel
It is more notable.Under higher crustal stress effect, tunnel excavation can produce a large amount of tensioning cracks to country rock, reduce rock mass strength,
Concentrated stress effect lower country rock in tunnel both sides can destroy, such as plate cracking destruction, rock burst, subregion destructionization and country rock large deformation
Deng having a strong impact on the long-time stability of tunnel structure, the Security Construction to deep rock engineering causes significant threat.Therefore,
To ensure that the Security Construction of tunnel engineering is got over mechanical mechanism and destructive characteristics research that steadily in the long term, deep Wall Rock of Tunnel destroys
To get over highest attention and attention by Geotechnical Engineering circle.The failure mechanism of research Wall Rock of Tunnel and destructive characteristics mainly have at present
Three kinds of theory analysis, numerical computations and physical model simulated test methods, because rock mass is anisotropy, heterogeneous and discontinuous
Material, and the ground stress environment of rock mass preservation is complicated and changeable so that the rock mass parameter needed for theoretical analysis and numerical method method
With boundary condition it is difficult to accurately determine, and physical model simulated test can use real rock sample (or the similar mould of physics
Intend material) scientific experimentation is carried out, it can intuitively reflect destruction and deformation process of the Wall Rock of Tunnel under high stress, one
Determine to disclose the Laws of Mechanics and mechanism of Wall Rock of Tunnel damaged deformation in degree, therefore in the supporting for carrying out tunnel engineering structure
It is widely applied in terms of design, safety evaluation and rock power diaster prevention and control.In addition, tunnel excavation mainly has machinery at present
Excavate (such as TBM) and two kinds of Blasting Excavation.Because Blasting Excavation is also easy to produce stronger stress wave, to Wall Rock of Tunnel destroying infection compared with
Greatly, therefore in the preferable condition of wall rock geology environment mechanical equivalent of light excavation mode is more selected.
In Practical Project, tunnel rock mass before excavation is in three-dimensional stress of primary rock environment, therefore tunnel excavation off-load
It is to be carried out in the rock mass with three-dimensional initial field stress.At present, realize that excavating off-load mainly has in tunnel simulated test
Following two methods：First perforate reloads and first loads perforate again.First perforate reloads method and manually opened before experiment is loaded
Hole is dug out, then is loaded, this method differs greatly with true tunnel excavation process surrouding rock stress path；And first load and open again
Hole rule is after test sample is loaded onto initial field stress level, and hole is dug in the test sample with primary stress,
Simulate tunnel excavation process, tunnel excavation process surrouding rock stress situation of change is relatively in this method and Practical Project.Due to
Constituent parts testing equipment condition is different, and both the above method has application when carrying out tunnel physical model simulated test, but by
More it is consistent with the actual conditions of tunnel excavation process in the latter, has obtained in test wider application.
Application No. 201610551010.3, entitled " roadway excavation unloading model experimental rig and experiment side
Method ", publication date：On September 7th, 2016, discloses a kind of roadway excavation unloading model experimental rig and test method, is opened before loading
If prefabricated tunnel, and with unloader lever stowboard space, the excavation off-load in tunnel is realized after the completion of loading by extracting unloader lever,
The speed that control unloader lever is extracted can realize the simulation of country rock difference unloding speed and off-load amount with position, but it can be only applied to
Two-dimentional loading environment, and be physical simulation material, can also larger friction be produced to wall, in drawing unloader lever with lane
Road actual conditions are not inconsistent.
Application No. 201610614433.5, entitled " simulation tunnel off-load controllable type experimental provision and its use
Method ", publication date：On January 4th, 2016, a kind of simulation tunnel off-load controllable type experimental provision and its application method are disclosed, should
Experimental provision impacts transmitting bar, then the tunnel filler poured by the impact of transmitting bar by gases at high pressure control cabinet emission bullet,
Broken drop of filler realizes roadway excavation off-load, " perforate after first loading " unloading process can be achieved, but it is only applicable to physics
Equivalent Materials Testing, and can only be carried out under two-dimentional loading environment.
Application No. 201310425635.1, entitled " deep-lying tunnel Excavation simulation experimental provision and its application side
Method ", publication date：On December 25th, 2013, a kind of deep-lying tunnel Excavation simulation experimental provision and its application process are disclosed, normal
It can be loaded on rule pressure experiment machine, there is the characteristics of simple in construction, experimental cost is low, can realize that tunnel first loads to excavate afterwards and unload
Lotus process, but it is only used for two-dimentional loading environment, can not realize tunnel excavation unloading model under three-dimensional loading environment, and it will
Stress, the deformation and failure problem of Wall Rock of Tunnel are considered axisymmetric problem, are studied with part instead of overall, though it can simplify
Operation, but larger difference be present compared with true in boundary condition.
Application No. 201510228942.X, entitled " the excavation off-load for being applied to geomechanical model test fills
Put ", publication date：On August 12nd, 2015, a kind of excavation relief arrangement suitable for geomechanical model test is disclosed, used
Motor driven and propulsion drill bit cutting test sample excavate unloading process to simulate surrounding rock of chamber, can realize that chamber shape is excavated in control
Shape and excavation unloading rate, but its structure design is not compact, and size is larger, the tunnel simulation that can be used under two-dimentional loading environment,
It can not be used under three-dimensional loading environment.
Application No. 201210097816.1, entitled " a kind of chamber excavation device with geomechanical model " is open
Day：On September 12nd, 2012, discloses a kind of chamber excavation device with geomechanical model, by first digging hole, then with air bag pair
Pressurizeed in hole, then gasbag pressure realizes that country rock excavates unloading process in release aperture, the excavating device is simple to operate, achievable
Excavated in closing chamber the advantages of, but it is that first perforate carries out pressurization hole in again, then discharges pressure, this loading stress path
Larger difference be present with actual tunnel excavation stress path.
Application No. 201610505188.4, entitled " device is excavated in the unloading that a kind of simulation tunnel excavates " is open
Day：On September 28th, 2016, disclose the unloading that a kind of simulation tunnel excavates and excavate device, bearings steel pipe is used before experiment loading
Piece, it is close to tunnel inner wall, by extracting inner supporting structure out after loading, allow steel disc slump to realize and excavate off-load.The device
With easy to operate, cheap, controllable the advantages that excavating unloading rate, but it need to cut tunnel in advance, fall within " first
Loaded after perforate " situation, excavate unloading stress path with actual tunnel and differ greatly.
The content of the invention
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of experimental rig for simulating deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load
And test method, solve and answered before first excavating the analogy method loaded afterwards and underground engineering construction in the prior art in certain
There is tunnel simulated test under the problem of larger difference and three-dimensional loading environment in force environment to be difficult to " first load and open afterwards
The problem in hole ", dynamic analog can be carried out to the tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation unloading process in the triaxiality environment of deep, in true triaxial plus
The stress-relief process of " perforate after first loading " is realized under the conditions of load.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is that experimental rig is placed on true triaxial test platform, left bearing plate, right pressure-bearing
Plate, preceding bearing plate, rear bearing plate, upper bearing plate and lower bearing plate composition loading chamber, rock sample are placed in loading chamber, right pressure-bearing
Plate is connected with left bottom plate, and left circular hole is opened in center on left bearing plate, and right circular hole is opened in center on right bearing plate,
Drilling rod entrance is opened in center on left bottom plate, and left circular hole, right circular hole and drilling rod entrance are located on same axis, right bottom plate
The end of experimental rig is placed in, four angles of left bottom plate are connected with line slideway respectively, four line slideways and the four of right bottom plate
Individual angle is connected, and right bottom plate is connected with one end of propelling hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of propelling hydraulic cylinder is connected with the shell of motor, motor
Shell is connected with four sliding blocks, and for sliding block respectively on line slideway, output shaft is located at motor internal, output shaft and drilling rod one end
Connection, the drilling rod other end are connected with solid bit, and drilling rod is provided with helical blade.
Further, the rock sample is cuboid.
Further, the left circular hole, right circular hole are identical with the diameter of drilling rod entrance, and the diameter of aperture ratio drilling rod is slightly
Greatly.
Further, the drilling rod is connected through a screw thread with output shaft.
Further, the propelling hydraulic cylinder model DZSOB20X700, motor model are ACSM180-G19015 numerical controls
Servomotor.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is to simulate the experimental rig of deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load
Test method, follow the steps below：
Step 1: fixed rock sample is installed on true triaxial test platform：The drilling rod of suitable diameter is chosen, it is defeated with motor
Shaft is threadedly coupled, by experimental rig install fix, make the drilling rod entrance on left bottom plate, the right circular hole on right bearing plate,
The central axis of left circular hole on rock sample and left bearing plate overlaps, and finally connects propelling hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic oil pump
Connect；
Step 2: three-dimensional primary stress loading is carried out to rock sample：After installation, the control of true triaxial test machine is opened
System, hydraulic system, monitoring system and data collecting system processed, and three-dimensional loading is carried out to rock sample according to testing program,
True triaxial test machine X-direction passes on left left bearing plate and the rock sample left side is loaded, and first to right bottom on the right side of X-direction
Plate is loaded, then the power on right bottom plate is passed into left bottom plate by line slideway, and then left bottom plate transmits the force to right pressure-bearing again
Plate is loaded to the rock sample right side, and Y-direction is added in former and later two faces by bearing plate after preceding bearing plate to rock sample
Carry, Z-direction is loaded by upper bearing plate and lower bearing plate to rock sample upper and lower surfaces, the operation completion three more than
Tie up primary stress loading；
Step 3: simulation tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation process：After being loaded onto the primary stress level of setting, the power supply of motor is opened
Switch, motor driving drilling rod rotate at a high speed, adjust oil pump hydraulic pressure threshold switch, and the speed that control propelling hydraulic cylinder promotes to the left is real
Heart drill bit level under the promotion of propelling hydraulic cylinder is moved to the left, by the right circle on the drilling rod entrance and right bearing plate on left bottom plate
Hole enters, and is contacted with rock sample, and then cuts rock sample, and the rock that the helical blade of rotation leaves cutting at a high speed is broken
Bits are automatically drained out；
Step 4: carry out follow-up test analysis：When solid bit cuts the circular opening run through inside rock sample
Afterwards, oil pump hydraulic pressure threshold switch is adjusted, propelling hydraulic cylinder bounces back to the right, solid bit is exited the hole of cutting to right translation, complete
Into the simulation process of circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load, may thereafter continue to carry out coffer mechanics response after tunnel excavation off-load and
The correlation test research of destructive characteristics.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the present invention：(1) device design is simple, easy to operate, can be three
The simulation that tunnel excavation unloading process is carried out under loading environment is tieed up, the difficulty that " perforate after first loading " is solved under three-dimensional loading environment
Topic, improve the science and accuracy of simulated test；(2) using hydraulic cylinder as thrust power, drilling rod promotes speed steady,
The propulsion speed and drilling rod for accurately controlling drilling rod promote position, realize different excavation unloding speed and excavate the mould of off-load amount
Intend；(3) more bit change is convenient, the tunnel excavation unloading process of different size sections can be simulated, and spiral shell is housed on drilling rod
Vane piece, automatic discharge function can be realized；(4) using solid bit cutting rock sample, tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation can be simulated (such as
TBM) process, rock material and similar materials sample can be applied to simultaneously, solves tunnel under three-dimensional loading environment and simulate
Experiment is difficult to the problem of " perforate after first loading ", makes tunnel physical model simulated test actual closer to engineering, improves examination
The science tested.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Solve to be difficult under the conditions of triaxiality in indoor development tunnel simulation test procedure
" perforate after first loading " this key technology difficulty is realized, so as to be tried indoors under true triaxial loading environment using large scale rock
Original mold is intended subterranean tunnel excavation and is achieved, and relatively real simulation can be carried out to tunnel TBM digging process in Practical Project, make reality
It is actual closer to engineering to test room simulation, ensure that the science and accuracy of test simulation result, enclosed for indoor development tunnel
The research of the related sciences such as rock large deformation, zonal fracturing, plate cracking destruction and rock burst provides reliable technical guarantee, Jin Erwei
The preventing and treating of the conceptual design of subterranean tunnel engineering, construction technology, Stability Analysis of The Surrounding Rock and disaster provides reliable technical support
And theoretical direction, the safe and efficient construction to underground tunnel engineering have important practice significance.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 A-A sectional views；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 B-B sectional views；
Fig. 4 is drilling rod schematic diagram.
In figure, 1. true triaxial test platforms, 2. left bearing plates, 3. right bearing plates, 4. left bottom plates, 5. right bottom plates, 6. left circular holes,
7. right circular hole, 8. drilling rod entrances, 9. line slideways, 10. sliding blocks, 11. propelling hydraulic cylinders, 12. motors, 13. motor output shafts,
14. drilling rod, 15. helical blades, 16. solid bits, 17. rock samples, bearing plate before 18., bearing plate after 19., pressure-bearing on 20.
Plate, 21. times bearing plates.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
As Figure 1-4, this experimental rig is placed on true triaxial test platform 1 structure of experimental rig of the present invention, left pressure-bearing
Plate 2, right bearing plate 3, preceding bearing plate 18, rear bearing plate 19, upper bearing plate 20 and lower bearing plate 21 composition loading chamber, rock sample
17 are placed in loading chamber, and right bearing plate 3 is connected with left bottom plate 4, and left circular hole 6 is opened in center on left bearing plate 2, right circular hole
7 are opened in center on right bearing plate 3, and drilling rod entrance 8 is opened in center on left bottom plate 4, left circular hole 6, the and of right circular hole 7
Drilling rod entrance 8 is located on same axis, and right bottom plate 5 is placed in the end of experimental rig, four angles of left bottom plate 4 respectively with straight line
Guide rail 9 is connected, and four line slideways 9 are connected with four angles of right bottom plate 5, and right bottom plate 5 is connected with one end of propelling hydraulic cylinder 11,
The other end of propelling hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected with the shell of motor 12, and the shell of motor 12 is connected with four sliding blocks 10, and sliding block 10 is distinguished
On line slideway 9, output shaft 13 is inside motor 12, and output shaft 13 is connected with the one end of drilling rod 14, the other end of drilling rod 14
It is connected with solid bit 16, drilling rod 14 is provided with helical blade 15.
Rock sample 17 is cuboid (including square), because the present invention seeks to realize tunnel under three-dimensional loading environment
Hole mechanical equivalent of light excavation unloader test simulation, therefore during analog mechanical excavation rock sample 17 need to be made to be under true triaxial loading environment,
And other shapes can not meet that true triaxial test machine carries out the needs of true triaxial loading, thus it is easy from cuboid rock sample 17
In carrying out true triaxial loading, subterranean tunnel triaxiality environment is realized.
Left circular hole 6, right circular hole 7 are identical with the diameter of drilling rod entrance 8, and the diameter of aperture ratio drilling rod 14 is slightly larger, place and bore
It is in contact when bar 14 cuts rock sample 17 to the left with left bearing plate 2, right bearing plate 3 and left bottom plate 4.Right circular hole 7 and drilling rod
The passage that entrance 8 contacts as drilling rod 14 with rock sample.
Drilling rod 14 is connected through a screw thread with output shaft 13, according to the needs of testing program, can choose the brill of different-diameter
Bar 14, realize the simulation of different section size tunnel excavation unloader test.Helical blade 15, helical blade are provided with drilling rod 14
15 are fixedly mounted on drilling rod 14, can be rotated with the superhigh speed of drilling rod 14 1, and the helical blade 15 of rotation can be by rock debris certainly
Dynamic discharge.Solid bit 16 is fixedly connected with drilling rod 14, can be simulated tunnel machinery with the circumgyration incision rock sample 17 of drilling rod 14 and open
Off-load (such as TBM) process of digging.
Line slideway 9 serve not only as drilling rod 14 movement orientation guide rail, while be also true triaxial test machine to rock sample
The 17 power transmission media loaded.
Flexible achievable level of the motor 12 along line slideway 9 of propelling hydraulic cylinder 11 moves left and right, propelling hydraulic cylinder 11
Piston elongation, promote drilling rod 14 be moved to the left cutting rock sample 17, the piston of propelling hydraulic cylinder 11 shorten, drive drilling rod 14 to
Move right, stop cutting rock sample 17.When propelling hydraulic cylinder 11 promotes the drilling rod 14 of rotation to be at a high speed moved to the left, on drilling rod 14
Solid bit 16 can be entered by the right circular hole 7 on the drilling rod entrance 8 and right bearing plate 3 on left bottom plate 4, and and rock sample
17 are in contact so as to carry out cutting rock sample 17, simulate the excavation unloading process of tunnel.Propelling hydraulic cylinder 11 passes through regulation
The oil pump hydraulic pressure threshold switch control speed promoted to the left and the distance being moved to the left, realize that the difference of tunnel excavation unloading process is unloaded
The simulation of lotus speed and off-load amount.Drilling rod 14 is more than rock under the promotion of propelling hydraulic cylinder 11, to the range of left movement
The thickness of sample 17, rock sample 17 perforated holes can be cut out when being carried out with guarantee test.
The preferred model TRW-3000 large scale rocks true triaxial electro-hydraulic servo mutagenesis upset test system of true triaxial test platform 1
System testing stand, three directionally independent controlled loadings, it can meet to simulate various loading stress paths in tunnel at great depth digging process
Need, vertical direction peak load is 3000kN, and two horizontal direction peak loads are 2000kN, and loading speed can be in 10N/s
Arbitrarily adjust and control in the range of~10kN/s, wanting for the different test simulations of edpth of tunnel and large scale rock sample 17 can be met
Ask.
The preferred model DZSOB20X700 of propelling hydraulic cylinder 11, have cylinder diameter is small, stability is good, rate adaptation scope is wide,
The advantages of stroke is big, drilling rod 14 can be steadily promoted to cut rock sample 17 to the left with different rates, and it is a certain to stablize fixation
Position, so as to realize the different simulations for excavating unloding speed and off-load amount of tunnel.Promoted using propelling hydraulic cylinder 11, hydraulic pressure is easy
Shock and vibration are absorbed, the driving solid bit 16 of motor 12 can be reduced and cut and vibrated caused by rock sample 17, promoted steadily,
Solid bit 16 can be precisely controlled to the distance moved to left, the flow by adjusting liquid realizes stepless speed regulation, and speed adjustable range
It is very big, it is easy to obtain extremely low fltting speed, it is easy to accomplish overload protection.
The preferred model ACSM180-G19015 numerical control servo motors of motor 12, there is small volume, power is big, rotating speed is steady
And the characteristics of can arbitrarily adjusting, the limited requirement in true triaxial test machine testing stand space can be met, it is enough to can guarantee that drilling rod 14 has
Path increment, to adapt to increase the size range of rock sample 17.
Embodiment
A kind of a kind of simulation deep circular tunnel machine of test method application for simulating deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load
Tool excavates the experimental rig of off-load, according to tests below step：
Step 1: fixed rock sample 17 is installed on true triaxial test platform 1：The drilling rod 14 of suitable diameter is chosen, with electricity
The output shaft 13 of machine 12 is threadedly coupled, then the present invention is simulated to the experimental rig peace of deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load
Dress is fixed, and is made on the drilling rod entrance 8 on left bottom plate 4, the right circular hole 7 on right bearing plate 3, rock sample 17 and left bearing plate 2
The central axis of left circular hole 6 four overlaps, and is finally connected propelling hydraulic cylinder 11 with hydraulic oil pump；
Step 2: three-dimensional primary stress loading is carried out to rock sample 17：After installation, true triaxial test machine is opened
Control system, hydraulic system, monitoring system and data collecting system, and three-dimensional add is carried out to rock sample 17 according to testing program
Carrying, true triaxial test machine X-direction passes on left left bearing plate 2 and the left side of rock sample 17 is loaded, and on the right side of X-direction first
Right bottom plate 5 is loaded, then the power on right bottom plate 5 is passed to by left bottom plate 4 by line slideway 9, then left bottom plate 4 again passes power
Pass right bearing plate 3 to load the right side of rock sample 17, Y-direction tries rock by preceding bearing plate 18 and rear bearing plate 19
Former and later two faces of sample 17 are loaded, and Z-direction is by upper bearing plate 20 and lower bearing plate 21 to the upper and lower surfaces of rock sample 17
Loaded, the three-dimensional primary stress of operation completion loads more than；
Step 3: simulation tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation process：After being loaded onto the primary stress level of setting, the electricity of motor 12 is opened
Source switch, motor 12 drive drilling rod 14 to rotate at a high speed, adjust oil pump hydraulic pressure threshold switch, and control propelling hydraulic cylinder 11 promotes to the left
Speed, the level under the promotion of propelling hydraulic cylinder 11 of solid bit 16 is moved to the left, by the drilling rod entrance 8 on left bottom plate 4 and the right side
Right circular hole 7 on bearing plate 3 enters, and is contacted with rock sample 17, and then cuts rock sample 17, at a high speed the helical-blade of rotation
The rock debris that cutting leaves is automatically drained out by piece 15；
Step 4: carry out follow-up test analysis：When solid bit 16 cuts the circle run through inside rock sample 17
After hole, oil pump hydraulic pressure threshold switch is adjusted, propelling hydraulic cylinder 11 bounces back to the right, solid bit 16 is exited cutting to right translation
Hole, the simulation process of circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load is completed, may thereafter continue to carry out the country rock power after tunnel excavation off-load
The correlation test for learning response and destructive characteristics is studied, such as country rock plate cracking destruction, rock burst, subregion destructionization, large deformation and stably
Property analysis etc..
Circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation unloading model test method in the present embodiment, solve three-dimensional in tunnel simulated test
The problem of " perforate after first loading " stress-relief process is difficult under loading environment, the machinery for more really having reproduced deep tunnel is opened
Unloading process is dug, ensure that the accuracy and science for carrying out the experiment of tunnel excavation off-load associated analog.
It should be noted that herein, such as first and second or the like relational terms are used merely to a reality
Body or operation make a distinction with another entity or operation, and not necessarily require or imply and deposited between these entities or operation
In any this actual relation or order.Moreover, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to
Nonexcludability includes, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only will including those
Element, but also the other element including being not expressly set out, or it is this process, method, article or equipment also to include
Intrinsic key element.In the absence of more restrictions, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
Other identical element also be present in process, method, article or equipment including the key element.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of related, identical similar portion between each embodiment
Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiment.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc., are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (6)
1. simulate the experimental rig of deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load, it is characterised in that experimental rig is placed in true triaxial examination
Test on platform (1), left bearing plate (2), right bearing plate (3), preceding bearing plate (18), rear bearing plate (19), upper bearing plate (20) and under
Bearing plate (21) forms loading chamber, and rock sample (17) is placed in loading chamber, and right bearing plate (3) is connected with left bottom plate (4), Zuo Yuan
Hole (6) is opened in center on left bearing plate (2), and right circular hole (7) is opened in center on right bearing plate (3), and drilling rod enters
Mouth (8) is opened in center on left bottom plate (4), and left circular hole (6), right circular hole (7) and drilling rod entrance (8) are located at same axis
On, right bottom plate (5) is placed in the end of experimental rig, and four angles of left bottom plate (4) are connected with line slideway (9) respectively, and four are straight
Line guide rail (9) is connected with four angles of right bottom plate (5), and right bottom plate (5) is connected with one end of propelling hydraulic cylinder (11), advancing hydraulic pressure
The other end of cylinder (11) is connected with the shell of motor (12), and motor (12) shell is connected with four sliding blocks (10), sliding block (10) point
Wei Yu not be on line slideway (9), output shaft (13) is internal located at motor (12), and output shaft (13) is connected with drilling rod (14) one end,
Drilling rod (14) other end is connected with solid bit (16), and drilling rod (14) is provided with helical blade (15).
2. the experimental rig of simulation deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
It is cuboid to state rock sample (17).
3. the experimental rig of simulation deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
It is identical with the diameter of drilling rod entrance (8) to state left circular hole (6), right circular hole (7), and the diameter of aperture ratio drilling rod (14) is slightly larger.
4. the experimental rig of simulation deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Drilling rod (14) is stated to be connected through a screw thread with output shaft (13).
5. the experimental rig of simulation deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State propelling hydraulic cylinder (11) model DZSOB20X700, motor (12) model ACSM180-G19015 numerical control servo motors.
A kind of 6. experiment side of the experimental rig of simulation deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load as described in claim 1-5
Method, it is characterised in that follow the steps below：
Step 1: fixed rock sample (17) is installed on true triaxial test platform (1)：The drilling rod (14) of suitable diameter is chosen, with
The output shaft (13) of motor (12) is threadedly coupled, and experimental rig is installed and fixed, makes the drilling rod entrance on left bottom plate (4)
(8), the center of the left circular hole (6) four on the right circular hole (7) on right bearing plate (3), rock sample (17) and left bearing plate (2)
Axis overlaps, and is finally connected propelling hydraulic cylinder (11) with hydraulic oil pump；
Step 2: three-dimensional primary stress loading is carried out to rock sample (17)：After installation, the control of true triaxial test machine is opened
System, hydraulic system, monitoring system and data collecting system processed, and three-dimensional add, is carried out to rock sample (17) according to testing program
Carrying, true triaxial test machine X-direction passes on left left bearing plate (2) and rock sample (17) left side is loaded, and on the right side of X-direction
Right bottom plate (5) is loaded first, then the power on right bottom plate (5) is passed to by left bottom plate (4) by line slideway (9), it is then left
Bottom plate (4) transmits the force to right bearing plate (3) and rock sample (17) right side is loaded again, and Y-direction passes through preceding bearing plate
(18) rock sample (17) are loaded in former and later two faces with rear bearing plate (19), Z-direction by upper bearing plate (20) and under
Bearing plate (21) loads to rock sample (17) upper and lower surfaces, and the three-dimensional primary stress of operation completion loads more than；
Step 3: simulation tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation process：After being loaded onto the primary stress level of setting, the power supply of motor (12) is opened
Switch, motor (12) driving drilling rod (14) rotate at a high speed, adjust oil pump hydraulic pressure threshold switch, and control propelling hydraulic cylinder (11) pushes away to the left
The speed entered, solid bit (16) level under the promotion of propelling hydraulic cylinder (11) is moved to the left, by the drilling rod on left bottom plate (4)
Right circular hole (7) on entrance (8) and right bearing plate (3) enters, and is contacted with rock sample (17), and then cuts rock sample
(17), the rock debris that cutting leaves is automatically drained out by the helical blade (15) of rotation at a high speed；
Step 4: carry out follow-up test analysis：When solid bit (16) cuts the circle run through inside rock sample (17)
After hole, oil pump hydraulic pressure threshold switch is adjusted, propelling hydraulic cylinder (11) bounces back to the right, solid bit (16) is exited out to right translation
The hole of chisel, the simulation process of circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load is completed, may thereafter continue to enclosing after development tunnel excavation off-load
Rock mechanical response and the research of the correlation test of destructive characteristics.
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