CN107700223B - 一种防沾污免洗羽毛绒的加工方法 - Google Patents

一种防沾污免洗羽毛绒的加工方法 Download PDF

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CN107700223B
CN107700223B CN201711091293.9A CN201711091293A CN107700223B CN 107700223 B CN107700223 B CN 107700223B CN 201711091293 A CN201711091293 A CN 201711091293A CN 107700223 B CN107700223 B CN 107700223B
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王宗乾
孙瑞霞
谢伟
吴开明
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种防沾污免洗羽毛绒的加工方法，步骤为：将羽毛绒经过初洗和精洗后，进行热风烘干，在热风烘干过程中，当羽毛绒含水量小于20％时向羽毛绒喷施拒水拒油工作液；喷施后，继续热风烘干至羽毛绒的含水量低于2％；然后喷施PVA工作液，喷施完成后，继续热风烘干，即可。与现有技术相比，本发明经两步功能整理，功能助剂和光催化成分与羽绒纤维形成了交联或接枝结合，自清洁功能持久。处理后，羽毛绒同时具备了基于光致高分子活性自由基消解污染物的表面和超疏水表面，为此整理后羽毛绒同时具备对自源性和外部有机污染物的消解功能。

Description

一种防沾污免洗羽毛绒的加工方法
技术领域
本发明属于羽毛绒处理领域，具体涉及一种防沾污免洗羽毛绒的加工方法。
发明内容
羽毛绒是公认的最优天然保暖纤维材料，具有质轻、易回弹、透气、透湿、天然调温等性能和优势；“小羽绒、大产业”已成为轻纺产业的共识，羽绒保暖制品在国内外均具有广阔的市场前景。
因羽毛绒纤维纵向布满了羽小枝，具有较高的粗糙度，易吸附环境中的粉尘和液体污渍；同时，羽毛绒自身属蛋白质成分，湿热条件下易发生霉变，产生异味，难以清洗。若采用水洗方式对羽毛绒进行去污处理，将影响羽毛绒的蓬松度，水洗后尤其是经多次水洗后，羽毛绒受损严重，绒丝将从绒朵上掉落，回弹性和蓬松度显著降低，同时水洗还将导致羽毛绒制品面料出现钻绒等病疵。
综上所述，开发防沾污免水洗的羽毛绒产品可从源头上解决羽毛绒易沾污、难以清洗的难题；同时免水洗羽毛绒的开发还将具备节约水资源，提高羽绒使用寿命的潜在优势。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防沾污免洗羽毛绒的加工方法，采用超疏水化+光催化的方法，使羽毛绒兼具防沾污和光催化自清洁功能。
本发明提供的一种防沾污免洗羽毛绒的加工方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将羽毛绒经过初洗和精洗后，进行热风烘干，在热风烘干过程中，当羽毛绒含水量低于20％时向羽毛绒喷施拒水拒油工作液；喷施后，继续热风烘干至羽毛绒的含水量低于2％；
2)然后喷施PVA工作液，喷施完成后，继续热风烘干，即可；
所述PVA工作液的制备方法为：将2,4-二羟二苯甲酮和植酸加入到聚乙烯醇中，混匀，即得。
进一步的，步骤1)及步骤2)所述热风烘干具体条件均为：工作温度80-133℃，蒸汽压力0.25-0.35Mpa，转速60-90r/min，压缩空气压力0.4-0.7Mpa。
步骤1)中所述拒水拒油工作液喷施量为17-21g/kg羽毛绒。
进一步的，步骤1)中所述拒水拒油工作液选自施尤尼恩TG-5545，质量浓度为10-13％。所述尤尼恩TG-5545由大金氟化工(中国)有限公司提供。
进一步的，步骤2)中所述PVA工作液的喷施量为32-37g/kg羽毛绒。
进一步的，步骤2)中所述PVA工作液中2,4-二羟二苯甲酮质量浓度为4-5％，植酸质量浓度为0.2-0.3％。
步骤2)中2,4-二羟二苯甲酮和PVA均由合肥东方美捷分子材料技术有限公司提供，植酸由安徽省天创生物科技有限公司提供。
步骤2)中所述继续热风烘干是指PVA工作液喷施完成后，继续热风烘干8-12min。
本发明中，精洗后的羽毛绒经过热风烘干，当含水量小于20％时，通过机械喷施方式，将拒水拒油工作液尤尼恩TG-5545施加到羽绒纤维表面，烘干过程中尤尼恩TG-5545借助羽毛绒纤维表面的粗糙度进行物理粘附，在羽毛绒纤维表面形成了超疏水表面。然后继续烘干至羽毛绒的含水量低于2％时，同样在精洗羽毛绒的热风烘干过程中通过机械喷施方式将PVA工作液施加到羽绒纤维表面，PVA工作液中加入2,4-二羟二苯甲酮，同时添加植酸作为交联剂，喷施后，持续烘干10min；烘干过程中PVA工作液将在羽毛绒纤维表面粘附，成膜；其中2,4-二羟二苯甲酮结构在光照过程中产生活性自由基，同时该活性自由基与PVA、植酸羟基作用形成醇自由基，在氧气作用进一步生成H2O●自由基，上述自由基种类繁多，数量丰富，活性寿命长，形成了高效的光催化表面，光照条件下可直接分解纤维表面的有机污染物(如油脂等)，分解污染物效率高。而且，PVA工作液成膜能够更好的固定物理粘附在羽毛绒上的尤尼恩TG-5545，即使经过清洗，拒水拒油及降解率不降低。
与现有技术相比，本发明经两步功能整理，功能助剂和光催化成分与羽绒纤维形成了交联或接枝结合，自清洁功能持久。处理后，羽毛绒同时具备了基于光致高分子活性自由基消解污染物的表面和超疏水表面，为此整理后羽毛绒同时具备对自源性和外部有机污染物的消解功能。而且，本发明中，防沾污免洗羽毛绒的开发基于了雾化处理，利用了羽绒纤维表面的粗糙度，采用低表面能物质对羽绒进行修饰，开辟了一项温和、绿色的功能整理路径，工艺对羽绒的基础性能无损伤。总之，本羽毛绒新品不仅可以防止外部污染物的粘附，还可对自源性的有机污染物成分进行消解，达到自清洁功能，避免了水洗；有效解决了清洗易损伤、易沾污霉变、产生异味等难题，填补了市场空白，产品附加值显著提升。
具体实施方式
实施例1
对含绒量为85％的白鸭绒采用本发明的方法进行处理加工，具体如下：
一种防沾污免洗羽毛绒的加工方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将羽毛绒经过初洗和精洗后，进行热风烘干，在热风烘干过程中，当羽毛绒含水量小于20％时向羽毛绒喷施质量浓度为12％的尤尼恩TG-5545，控制喷施量为20g/kg羽毛绒；继续热风烘干至羽毛绒的含水量低于2％，烘干过程中尤尼恩TG-5545借助羽毛绒纤维表面的粗糙度进行物理粘附，在羽毛绒纤维表面形成了超疏水表面；
提前配制PVA工作液：将2,4-二羟二苯甲酮和植酸加入到聚乙烯醇PVA，即得PVA工作液，其中2,4-二羟二苯甲酮质量浓度为5％，植酸质量浓度为0.2％。
2)、当羽毛绒的含水量低于2％时，喷施上述制备的PVA工作液，控制喷施量为35g/kg羽毛绒，并持续烘干10min；烘干过程中PVA工作液将在羽毛绒纤维表面粘附，成膜；其中2,4-二羟二苯甲酮结构在光照过程中产生活性自由基，同时该活性自由基与PVA、植酸羟基作用形成醇自由基，在氧气作用进一步生成H2O●自由基，上述自由基种类繁多，数量丰富，活性寿命长，形成了高效的光催化表面，光照条件下可直接分解纤维表面的有机污染物(如油脂等)。所述PVA工作液的制备方法为：将2,4-二羟二苯甲酮和植酸加入到聚乙烯醇PVA，即得，其中2,4-二羟二苯甲酮质量浓度为5％，植酸质量浓度为0.2％。
经过实施例1处理的羽毛绒进行检测，性能如下：
模拟污染物甲基橙的一次降解率达到72.4％；敌草隆一次降解率达到68.0％；实施例1及未经过处理的羽毛绒模拟污染物甲基橙的光降解性能检测结果对比见下表1。
表1：模拟污染物甲基橙的光降解性能
Figure BDA0001461268960000041
实施例1处理的羽毛绒在蒸馏水中羽绒球漂浮时长超过72h，色拉油中羽绒球漂浮时长超过60min。具有优异的拒水拒油性。
实施例1处理的羽毛绒基础性能指标：蓬松度17.8cm，耗氧量5.6mg/100ml，清洁度650mm，残脂率4.7％，嗜温性需氧菌＜106cfu/g，芽孢杆菌＜102cfu/g，羽绒经5次水洗后，模拟降解物降解率和羽毛球的拒水拒油不降低。(所列性能均按FZ/T 80001-2002《水洗羽绒羽毛试验方法》测试)。

Claims (5)

1.一种防沾污免洗羽毛绒的加工方法，其特征在于，所述加工方法包括以下步骤：
1)将羽毛绒经过初洗和精洗后，进行热风烘干，在热风烘干过程中，当羽毛绒含水量低于20％时向羽毛绒喷施拒水拒油工作液；喷施后，继续热风烘干至羽毛绒的含水量低于2％；
2)然后喷施PVA工作液，喷施完成后，继续热风烘干，即可；
所述PVA工作液的制备方法为：将2,4-二羟二苯甲酮和植酸加入到聚乙烯醇中，混匀，即得；
步骤1)中所述拒水拒油工作液选自尤尼恩TG-5545，质量浓度为10-13％；
步骤2)中所述PVA工作液中2,4-二羟二苯甲酮质量浓度为4-5％，植酸质量浓度为0.2-0.3％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法，其特征在于，步骤1)中所述拒水拒油工作液喷施量为17-21g/kg羽毛绒。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的加工方法，其特征在于，步骤2)中所述PVA工作液的喷施量为32-37g/kg羽毛绒。
4.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法，其特征在于，步骤2)中所述继续热风烘干是指PVA工作液喷施完成后，继续热风烘干8-12min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法，其特征在于，步骤1)及步骤2)所述热风烘干具体条件均为：工作温度80-133℃，蒸汽压力0.25-0.35Mpa，转速60-90r/min，压缩空气压力0.4-0.7Mpa。
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CN103924451A (zh) * 2014-04-24 2014-07-16 芜湖南翔羽绒有限公司 一种自清洁功能羽绒的制备方法

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CN1362989A (zh) * 1999-07-23 2002-08-07 荷兰联合利华有限公司 织物护理处理组合物和处理织物的方法
CN103924451A (zh) * 2014-04-24 2014-07-16 芜湖南翔羽绒有限公司 一种自清洁功能羽绒的制备方法

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