CN107691507B

CN107691507B - Bactericidal composition containing radix seu caulis bambusae extract

Info

Publication number: CN107691507B
Application number: CN201710686458.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴文君; 张继文; 刘伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-08-11
Filing date: 2017-08-11
Publication date: 2020-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-11
Also published as: CN107691507A

Abstract

The invention discloses a bactericidal composition containing a speckle rhizopus chinensis extract, which comprises a first active ingredient and a second active ingredient, wherein the weight ratio of the first active ingredient to the second active ingredient is 3: 7-8: 2, the first active ingredient is the speckle rhizopus chinensis extract, and the second active ingredient is one selected from copper sulfate, copper chloride and copper acetate. The compositions of the present invention may be formulated as soluble dusts which are agriculturally acceptable for use. The invention also provides the application of the bactericidal composition containing the extract of the root of the speckle rhizopus chinensis in preventing and treating crop diseases, has better prevention effect on cucumber downy mildew, potato late blight and grape downy mildew, and shows double effects of protection and treatment.

Description

Bactericidal composition containing radix seu caulis bambusae extract

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of compound pesticides, and relates to a sterilization composition, in particular to a binary compound sterilization composition which takes a speckle rhizopus chinensis extract as a first active ingredient and takes protective bactericides of copper sulfate, copper chloride and copper acetate as a second active ingredient. The invention also relates to a preparation formulation of the bactericidal composition and application thereof in agriculture.

Background

According to the statistics of grain and agriculture organizations in the united nations, the annual loss of crop diseases in the world in grain and cotton production is more than 10%, the perennial epidemic harm of plant diseases in China, particularly vegetable and fruit production depends on the control of chemical synthetic bactericides for a long time, the pesticide application dose is larger and larger, the pesticide application frequency is higher and higher, the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is multiplied, the control effect is reduced, the pesticide residue exceeds the standard, and the high quality, high yield and stable yield of the vegetable and fruit in China are severely restricted. One of the strategies for solving the bottleneck problem is to advocate green prevention and control of crop diseases and research and develop a novel efficient and safe plant bactericide.

The protective bactericide is applied to the surface of the crop before the crop is infected by the pathogenic bacteria to prevent the invasion of the pathogenic bacteria and play a role in protection. After the protective bactericide is used, a layer of air-permeable, water-permeable and light-permeable compact protective film can be formed on the surface of crops, and the protective film can inhibit germination and invasion of germ spores, so that the effects of sterilization and disease prevention are achieved. The copper preparation is one of the oldest types of agricultural bactericides, and has the advantages of wide antibacterial spectrum, difficult generation of drug resistance and the like. Inorganic copper preparations based on copper hydroxide, copper sulfate, etc. have been used for over 200 years, but since they are difficult to biodegrade, the long-term use of large amounts of them has resulted in the accumulation of copper in the soil, which adversely affects the normal growth of plants and soil functions.

The speckle bamboo root seven (Disporopsis aspera) is also called speckle Xiaowanshou bamboo, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Disporopsis (Liliaceae) and is mainly distributed under mountainous forests of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan and Hubei in China, and shades valley or stream side. The rhizome of the Sphaeria cauliflora Hemsl is a common folk herb, and the rhizome of the Sphaeria cauliflora Hemsl has the functions of nourishing yin, moistening dryness, promoting the production of body fluid and quenching thirst. The inventor finds that the compounding of the botanical fungicide speckle rhizopus chinensis extract and the water-soluble copper salt can generate obvious synergistic effect through a large amount of combination screening. So far, no report is about the application of compounding the radix seu caulis Bambusae speckle extract with water-soluble copper salt as a bactericide to prevent and treat crop diseases.

Disclosure of Invention

The long-term use of copper preparations such as copper sulfate, copper chloride, copper acetate and the like has the defects that the crop diseases have drug resistance, pathogenic bacteria have reduced sensitivity to the diseases, and the due control effect is difficult to achieve. The invention aims to provide an agricultural bactericidal composition which has reasonable compound components, obvious synergistic effect, good bactericidal effect, low medication cost, difficult generation of drug resistance and safety to crops.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a bactericidal composition containing a speckle rhizopus chinensis extract, which comprises a first active ingredient and a second active ingredient, wherein the weight ratio of the first active ingredient to the second active ingredient is 3: 7-8: 2, the first active ingredient is the speckle rhizopus chinensis extract, and the second active ingredient is one selected from copper sulfate, copper chloride and copper acetate.

The rhizopus maculatus extract has an inhibiting effect on various crop disease germs by adopting a plant active component separation method under the guidance of biological activity measurement, is safe to human and livestock and non-target organisms, has no residual toxicity or environmental pollution, and is particularly suitable for disease control in organic agricultural production. The obtaining method of the speckle rhizopus bambusicola makino bacteriostatic extract is disclosed in patent application CN 105230680.

Specifically, the plant-derived fungicide sinorhizopus maculatus (Disporopsis aspera) extract exhibits agricultural bactericidal activity with different degrees of action on pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudoperonospora cubensis (berk.et Curt.) Rostov, plasmopara viticola (berk.dt Curtis) Berl.Et De Toni), potato late blight (Phytophthora capsici Leonian (Mont.) De Bary), Phytophthora capsici (Phytophthora capsici Leonian), and tomato late blight (Mont.) De Bary.

Furthermore, the invention also provides a preparation formulation of the bactericidal composition containing the extract of the rhizopus maculatus, namely soluble powder. The sum of the contents of the first active ingredient and the second active ingredient is 40-80% of the total weight of the bactericidal composition.

For those skilled in the art, besides the optional bactericidal active ingredient, a variety of adjuvants are needed, and different auxiliary ingredients (adjuvants) of the pesticide preparation can be selected and used according to the needs. The auxiliary components can be one or more of a dispersing medium, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a binder, a filler and the like.

As a preferred embodiment, the dispersant may be selected from one or more of polycarboxylates (TERSPERSE 2700, T36, GY-D06, etc.), lignosulfonates (Ufoxane 3A, Bordetese NA, Bordetese CA-SA, etc.), naphthalene and alkylnaphthalene formaldehyde condensate sulfonates (NNO, MF, Morwet D-425, Tamol NN, TERSPERSE2020, etc.), nekal BX (sodium dibutylnaphthalene sulfonate), EO-PO block polyethers (polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer), alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphates, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate Sulfates (SOPA); the wetting agent is one or more of sulfate (K-12), sulfonate (ABS-Na, BX, Terwet 1004, and the like) and composite wetting agent (Morwet EFW). The filler is one or more of ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, urea, sodium bicarbonate and polyvinylpyrrolidone; the binder is one or more of glucose, polyvinyl alcohol and sucrose;

on the other hand, the invention also provides the application of the bactericidal composition containing the radix seu folium Bambusae speckle extract in preventing and treating crop diseases.

Preferably, the crop diseases comprise cucumber downy mildew, potato late blight and grape downy mildew. The amino acid agricultural composition has higher bacteriostatic activity on Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk.etCurt.) Rostov), Plasmopara viticola (Berk.dt Curtis) Berl.Et deToni) and potato late blight (Mont.) de Bary.

The bactericidal composition containing the extract of the rhizopus stolonifer of the invention has the following beneficial effects.

(1) The second active ingredient of the bactericidal composition is one of copper sulfate, copper chloride and copper acetate. The copper preparations are widely used in the prevention and treatment of crop diseases in China, and the using amount is large. The protective bactericides are applied for a long time in a large amount, various pathogenic bacteria have strong resistance to the bactericide, so that the control effect of singly applying the copper preparations is poor, but the bactericides belong to important varieties in the copper preparations and are difficult to replace in a short time, so the problem of the resistance of the bactericides is considered. The second active ingredient of the bactericidal composition is a speckle rhizopus bambusicola antibacterial extract. The speckle rhizopus chinensis is decocted as a herbal medicine in folk, so the agricultural composition belongs to a plant bactericide, is safe to people and livestock, is easy to degrade in the environment, and belongs to a green pesticide.

(2) The anti-bacteria extract of the speckle rhizopus chinensis contains amino acid compounds such as L-pyroglutamic acid and the like, can promote plant growth, achieves the effect of enhancing the immunity of crop diseases, has good safety to crops, and is not easy to cause drug resistance by pathogenic bacteria.

(3) The agricultural composition can be prepared into soluble powder which is easy to process for pesticide enterprises, and meets the safety requirement of pesticide preparations.

(4) The agricultural composition has improved control effect. The test result of controlling cucumber downy mildew in field indicates that the control effect of the agricultural composition is 14.6-27.4% higher than that of a single agent under the same dosage.

(5) The agricultural composition has reduced cost. Compared with a single dose of the radix seu folium Bambusae speckle seven extract, the composition achieves similar prevention and treatment effects, the dosage of the composition is reduced by half, and the amount of the radix seu folium Bambusae speckle seven extract is reduced by 30%, so that the prevention and treatment cost is reduced.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

Example 1

This example shows three preferred bactericidal compositions containing the extract of rhizopus maculatus, which are soluble powders.

350kg of the extract of the rhizopus stolonifer, 150kg of copper chloride, 50kg of lignosulfonate Ufoxane 3A (dispersant), 30kg of sulfate K-12 (wetting agent) and 420kg of potassium sulfate (filler) are weighed, and the raw materials are mixed and then crushed by a small ball mill or a jet mill to obtain the bactericidal composition soluble powder with the bactericidal active ingredient content of 50 percent.

Weighing 400kg of the radix polygonati officinalis extract, 400kg of copper sulfate, 20kg of polycarboxylate TERSPERSE 2700 (dispersant), 20kg of sulfate K-12 (wetting agent), 10kg of nekal BX (wetting agent) and 150kg of sodium sulfate (filler), mixing the above materials, and crushing the mixture by using an airflow crusher to obtain the bactericidal composition soluble powder with 80% of bactericidal active ingredient content.

Weighing 300kg of the radix polygonati extract, 100kg of copper acetate, 20kg of polycarboxylate T36 (dispersant), 30kg of sulfate K-12 (wetting agent), 10kg of Morwet D-425 (wetting agent), 340kg of ammonium sulfate (filler) and 200kg of glucose (binder), mixing the above materials, and crushing the mixture by using a jet mill to obtain the bactericidal composition soluble powder with the bactericidal active ingredient content of 40%.

Example 2

And (4) indoor toxicity measurement.

Pathogenic bacteria to be tested: collecting cucumber leaves infected with cucumber downy mildew without pesticide in a greenhouse, washing with clear water, washing with sterile water, keeping moisture at 26-28 deg.C for 24h, and washing sporangium with sterile water for testing.

Reagent to be tested: the extract of the root of common loosestrife is provided by the pesticide research institute of agriculture and forestry science and technology university in northwest China. Copper sulfate, copper chloride and copper acetate, all of which are analytically pure and commercially available.

The determination method comprises the following steps: determining the concentration range of 10% -90% of zoospores released by each test agent according to a pre-test, setting 5 gradient concentrations, and taking sterile water as a reference. Toxicity of each single agent and the compositions in different proportions are measured according to a program and a method of 'indoor bioassay test criteria for pesticides, bactericide' formulated by pesticide examination of Ministry of agriculture, and then the synergy coefficient (SR) of each composition is calculated according to the Wadley method.

SR <0.5, which is antagonistic; SR is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.5, which is an additive effect; SR is more than or equal to 1.5, which is a synergistic effect.

Wherein, P_ARepresents the percentage of a in the composition (%); p_BRepresents the percentage (%) of B in the composition; a represents E of the A componentC₅₀The value (mg/L); b represents EC of B component₅₀Value (mg/L).

The measurement results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 toxicity test results of compounding of Marasmius chinensis extract and copper sulfate

As can be seen from Table 1, the compounding ratio of the extract of rhizopus maculatus and copper sulfate is within the range of 8:2-3:7, and the synergistic effect is most obvious when the ratio of the extract of rhizopus maculatus and copper sulfate is 7: 3.

The same experimental method is adopted, and the range value of the synergistic coefficient SR of the mixture ratio of the radix seu caulis bambusae seven extract to the copper chloride within the range of 8:2-3:7 is 1.59-2.47; the ratio of the speckle rhizopus chinensis extract to the copper acetate is within the range of 8:2-3:7, the range value of the synergistic coefficient SR is 1.57-2.72, and the synergistic effect is shown.

Example 3

And (3) a test for controlling cucumber downy mildew in a field. The test was carried out in a greenhouse cucumber field in the Caochinon farm, university of agriculture and forestry, northwest.

When the pesticide is applied, 8-10 true leaves of cucumber (variety is Xintai Mici) are generated, and cucumber downy mildew is sporadic. In the experiment, 2000-time diluent of 50% speckle bamboo root hepta-soluble powder, 2000-time diluent of 50% copper chloride soluble powder (self-made), 2000-time diluent of 50% speckle bamboo root extract and copper chloride (compounded by a mass ratio of 6: 3), 2000-time diluent of 50% dimethomorph water dispersible granule and clean water are compared for 5 treatments, and the treatments are randomly arranged in a cell and repeated for 3 times. The first application is carried out in 2017 in 5 and 13 months, the second application is carried out in 5 and 20 months, the disease index is investigated in 5 and 27 months, and the prevention and treatment effect is calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 250% speckle bamboo root extract and copper chloride compounded soluble powder for preventing and treating cucumber downy mildew in field

The results in table 2 show that, under the same dosage, the effect of the compound preparation of the speckle rhizopex extract and the copper chloride 6:3 for preventing and treating cucumber downy mildew is obviously higher than that of a single dose of the speckle rhizopex extract and the copper chloride, and the effect is equivalent to that of a control medicament dimethomorph, so that the damage of the cucumber downy mildew can be effectively controlled.

Example 4

And (3) a field potato late blight prevention and control test. The test was conducted on potato fields of five-spring town farmers in the Yangtze demonstration area of Yangling, Shanxi province.

When the medicine is applied, 6-8 compound leaves of the potato are used, and the disease spots are already seen on the individual leaves. In the experiment, 2000-time diluent of 50% speckle bamboo root seven-soluble powder, 2000-time diluent of 50% copper acetate soluble powder (self-made), 2000-time diluent of 50% speckle bamboo root extract and copper acetate (compounded by a mass ratio of 7: 3), 2000-time diluent of 50% dimethomorph water dispersible granule and clean water are compared for 5 treatments, and the treatments are randomly arranged in a cell and repeated for 3 times. The first application is carried out in 2016, the second application is carried out in 6-month and 2-day, the second application is carried out in 6-month and 9-day, the disease index is investigated in 7-month and 6-day, and the prevention and treatment effect is calculated (Table 3).

Soluble powder compounded by 350 percent of speckle bamboo root extract and copper sulfate in table for preventing and treating potato late blight in field

The results in table 3 show that, under the same dosage, the effect of the compound agent of the radix notoginseng speckle and the copper acetate 7:3 for preventing and treating the potato late blight is obviously higher than that of a single agent of the radix notoginseng extract and copper sulfate, and the effect is equivalent to that of a control agent of dimethomorph, so that the harm of the potato late blight can be effectively controlled.

In conclusion, the composition has obvious bactericidal effect on cucumber downy mildew, potato late blight and grape downy mildew, and the soluble powder of the composition has good safety to crops and meets the safety requirement of pesticide preparations.

Claims

1. The bactericidal composition containing the speckle rhizopus chinensis extract is characterized by comprising a first active ingredient and a second active ingredient, wherein the weight ratio of the first active ingredient to the second active ingredient is 3: 7-8: 2, the first active ingredient is the speckle rhizopus chinensis extract, and the second active ingredient is one selected from copper sulfate, copper chloride and copper acetate;

the speckle rhizopus chinensis extract is a whole plant extract of the speckle rhizopus chinensis, and the whole plant extract is prepared by adopting the following extraction method:

the method comprises the following steps: drying and crushing the whole speckle rhizopus chinensis, putting into an extraction tank, adding 10 times of water for reflux extraction for three times, and combining to obtain speckle rhizopus chinensis water extract;

step two: and (3) transferring the water extract obtained in the first step into a concentration tank with a pressure reduction device, concentrating until the specific gravity reaches 1.5, transferring into a spray dryer for spray drying, and obtaining powder, namely the extract of the panax notoginseng whole plant.

2. The bactericidal composition containing the rhizopus maculatus extract as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sum of the contents of the first active ingredient and the second active ingredient is 40-80% of the total weight of the bactericidal composition.

3. The bactericidal composition containing the rhizopus maculatus extract of claim 1 is in the form of soluble powder.

4. Use of the bactericidal composition containing the rhizopus maculatus extract of claim 1, 2 or 3 for preventing and treating crop diseases.

5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that said crop diseases comprise cucumber downy mildew, grape downy mildew, potato late blight.