CN107686464A - 一种2‑甲酰基‑4‑吡啶羧酸的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种2‑甲酰基‑4‑吡啶羧酸的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN107686464A
CN107686464A CN201711001079.XA CN201711001079A CN107686464A CN 107686464 A CN107686464 A CN 107686464A CN 201711001079 A CN201711001079 A CN 201711001079A CN 107686464 A CN107686464 A CN 107686464A
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picolinic acids
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formoxyl
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李博志
惠子
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Jinzhou Medical University
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/79Acids; Esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/79Acids; Esters
    • C07D213/803Processes of preparation

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Abstract

本发明公开一种2‑甲酰基‑4‑吡啶羧酸的合成方法。属于有机合成领域,本发明以2‑甲基‑4‑吡啶羧酸为原料,以有机溶剂作为反应溶剂,以二氧化硒作为反应试剂,通过加热,直接制备得到产物2‑甲酰基‑4‑吡啶羧酸。本发明中2‑甲酰基‑4‑吡啶羧酸的合成方法简洁高效,成本低廉,操作过程简便,容易控制,易于工业化生产。

Description

一种2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成、医药中间体开发领域,特别涉及一种2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸及其合成方法。
背景技术
2-甲酰基吡啶类化合物是一种重要的医药中间体,能够与氨基缩合形成希夫碱,该希夫碱类过渡金属配合物因具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒等多种生物活性而引起广泛关注。2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸作为重要的有机合成中间体,市场前景良好。专利WO 2006/201801报道了一种以2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸作为重要中间体,合成具有较强抗肿瘤活性PARP-1抑制剂的制备方法。上述专利以2-溴-4-甲基吡啶为原料,通过高锰酸钾氧化、钯催化偶联、臭氧氧化等反应步骤制备2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸,但上述制备方法具有操作步骤繁琐,试剂昂贵不易得,反应条件苛刻(如需要微波辅助下170℃高温加热,需要臭氧参与)等诸多缺点,而限制了2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的高效制备,目前该化合物的其它合成方法尚未见文献报道。因此,开发简洁高效、低成本的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合法方法,使其能应用于工业化,在精细化工及新药研发等领域均具有深远意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种合成方法简单、易操作,产率和纯度较高的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法。
本发明采用的技术方案是:一种2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,包括如下步骤:以2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸为原料,以有机溶剂作为反应溶剂,以二氧化硒作为反应试剂,加热反应,TLC监测反应终点,反应液趁热抽滤,减压蒸除有机溶剂,所得粗产品用无水乙醇重结晶,真空干燥,得产物2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸。
优选的,上述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,所述的有机溶剂为二氧六环、醋酸、乙腈、氯苯的一种。更优选的,有机溶剂为二氧六环。相比其他所述的有机溶剂,二氧六环对反应物具有更好的溶解能力,在优选的用量范围内,即能够保证反应的顺利进行,又可有效节省二氧六环的使用量。
优选的,上述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,有机溶剂的用量为2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸重量的10-100倍。更优选的,有机溶剂的用量为2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸重量的10-50倍。
优选的,上述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,按摩尔比,2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸:二氧化硒=1:2-5。更优选的,2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸:二氧化硒=1:2-3。
优选的,上述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,加热温度为80-120℃。更优选的,加热温度为100-110℃。
优选的,上述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,加热反应时间为12-48小时。
本发明制备的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的结构式如(Ⅰ)所示,
本发明的反应过程如下:
本发明的有益效果是:本发明以2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸为原料,以二氧六环等有机溶剂作为反应溶剂,以二氧化硒作为反应试剂,通过加热,直接制备得到产物2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸。本发明合成方法简单、易操作、产率及纯度较高,为这一类产品的合成提供了理论及实验依据。本发明合成的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸,作为有机合成中间体,可应用于吡啶席夫碱的合成,也可应用于新型抗肿瘤药物的制备。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸(5.0g,36.5mmol),二氧化硒(8.1g,73.0mmol)加入到150ml二氧六环中,加热至110℃,磁力搅拌下反应24小时,TLC检测反应完全,将反应液趁热抽滤,减压蒸去溶剂,所得粗产品用无水乙醇重结晶,真空干燥得到白色固体2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸,收率为66%,纯度为97%。结构式如(Ⅰ)所示,
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,300MHz,δ;ppm):10.06(1H,s),9.00(1H,dd,J=0.9,4.8Hz),8.24(1H,dd,J=0.9,1.5Hz),8.10(1H,dd,J=1.8,5.1Hz).ESI-MS:[C7H5NO3+H]:calcd m/z,152.0;found m/z,151.9.[C7H5NO3–H]:calcd m/z,150.0;found m/z,149.8.
实施例2
将2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸(5.0g,36.5mmol),二氧化硒(8.1g,73.0mmol)加入到250ml二氧六环中,加热至110℃,磁力搅拌下反应24小时,TLC检测反应完全,将反应液趁热抽滤,减压蒸去溶剂,所得粗产品用无水乙醇重结晶,真空干燥得到类白色固体2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸,收率为70%,纯度为98%。
实施例3
将2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸(5.0g,36.5mmol),二氧化硒(10.1g,91.3mmol)加入到250ml二氧六环中,加热至110℃,磁力搅拌下反应24小时,TLC检测反应完全,将反应液趁热抽滤,减压蒸去溶剂,所得粗产品用无水乙醇重结晶,真空干燥得到白色固体2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸,收率为72%,纯度为98%。
实施例4
方法同实施例1,只是改变有机溶剂的种类,结果如表1。
表1
有机溶剂 产率 纯度
乙腈 45% 83%
醋酸 52% 88%
氯苯 61% 95%
二氧六环 66% 97%
实施例5
方法同实施例1,只是改变加热温度,结果如表2
表2
反应温度 产率 纯度
80℃ 32% 85%
90℃ 37% 87%
100℃ 55% 92%
110℃ 66% 97%
120℃ 61% 96%
实施例6
方法同实施例1和2,只是改变二氧六环的加入量,结果如表3
表3
二氧六环的加入量 产率 纯度
150ml 66% 97%
250ml 70% 98%
350ml 59% 97%
实施例7
方法同实施例1,只是改变二氧化硒的加入量,结果如表4
表4
2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸和二氧化硒的摩尔比 产率 纯度
1:2 66% 97%
1:3 70% 98%
1:4 62% 95%
1:5 57% 92%
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,依据本发明的技术实质,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:以2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸为原料,以有机溶剂作为反应溶剂,以二氧化硒作为反应试剂,加热反应,TLC监测反应终点,反应液趁热抽滤,减压蒸除有机溶剂,所得粗产品用无水乙醇重结晶,真空干燥,得产物2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,所述的有机溶剂为二氧六环、醋酸、乙腈或氯苯的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,有机溶剂的用量为2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸重量的10-100倍。
4.根据权利要求3所述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,有机溶剂的用量为2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸重量的10-50倍。
5.根据权利要求1所述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,按摩尔比,2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酸:二氧化硒=1:2-5。
6.根据权利要求1所述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,加热温度为80-120℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,加热反应时间为12-48小时。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,所述的2-甲酰基-4-吡啶羧酸的结构式如(Ⅰ)所示,
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