CN107654571B - 一种限扭减震器 - Google Patents

一种限扭减震器 Download PDF

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CN107654571B
CN107654571B CN201710861448.6A CN201710861448A CN107654571B CN 107654571 B CN107654571 B CN 107654571B CN 201710861448 A CN201710861448 A CN 201710861448A CN 107654571 B CN107654571 B CN 107654571B
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damping
disc
spring
plate
hub
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CN107654571A (zh
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袁龙
雷君
都亚博
顾书东
李智
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
    • F16F15/13121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses characterised by clutch arrangements, e.g. for activation; integrated with clutch members, e.g. pressure member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D43/00—Automatic clutches
    • F16D43/02—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically
    • F16D43/20—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by torque, e.g. overload-release clutches, slip-clutches with means by which torque varies the clutching pressure
    • F16D43/21—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by torque, e.g. overload-release clutches, slip-clutches with means by which torque varies the clutching pressure with friction members
    • F16D43/213—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by torque, e.g. overload-release clutches, slip-clutches with means by which torque varies the clutching pressure with friction members with axially applied torque-limiting friction surfaces
    • F16D43/215—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by torque, e.g. overload-release clutches, slip-clutches with means by which torque varies the clutching pressure with friction members with axially applied torque-limiting friction surfaces with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
    • F16F15/133—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
    • F16F15/134—Wound springs
    • F16F15/13415—Wound springs characterised by the dimension or shape of spring-containing windows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
    • F16F15/133—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
    • F16F15/134—Wound springs
    • F16F15/1343—Wound springs characterised by the spring mounting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
    • F16F15/133—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
    • F16F15/137—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs the elastic members consisting of two or more springs of different kinds, e.g. elastomeric members and wound springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2238/00—Type of springs or dampers
    • F16F2238/02—Springs
    • F16F2238/026—Springs wound- or coil-like

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种限扭减震器，尤其是涉及一种限扭减震器。一种限扭减震器，包括第一安装盘、第二安装盘、碟形弹簧、压盘片和从动盘总成，通过在预减震弹簧座上设有弧形安装槽，弧形安装槽内设置预减震弹簧，预减震盘的传动舌挤压预减震弹簧，形成第一级减震刚度；在预减震弹簧座上设置限位凸台，限位凸台上套设橡胶垫，盘芯的传动齿与限位凸台上的橡胶垫接触，形成第二级减震刚度；盘毂盘、减震盘和从动盘上相对应位置处均设有弹簧窗口，弹簧窗口内均安装有减震弹簧，减震弹簧同时设置在盘毂盘、减震盘和从动盘的弹簧窗口内，减震弹簧与弹簧窗口侧壁接触形成第三级减震刚度。

Description

一种限扭减震器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种限扭减震器，尤其是涉及一种限扭减震器。
背景技术
在混合动力汽车的传动系统中，发动机和变速箱的动力传递环节需要采用减震器，传递发动机扭矩，同时起到衰减发动机扭转振动和防止传动系过载的作用。普通离合器可以实现其功能，但由于普通离合器轴向结构尺寸偏大，由于混合动力汽车的机舱布置紧凑造成安装困难，另外在混合动力汽车上发动机和变速箱之间不需要使用与普通离合器配套的分离接合装置；普通双质量飞轮不能起到扭矩超载时通过摩擦片打滑限制扭矩的功能。
专利CN204900669U公开了一种混合动力车辆用限扭减震器，具备单级减震刚度，减震弹簧无内圈弹簧结构，该减震器仅能满足某些工况下的动力总成扭转振动衰减功能，当车辆起步、怠速运转或急加速\急减速时可能存在减震效果不能满足变速箱和整车振动噪声的限值要求等问题。专利CN102105723A公开了一种具有扭矩限制器功能的减震器，具备单级减震刚度，在壳体内部减震器弹簧位于摩擦片的外圆周，摩擦片结构为干式多片离合器结构，通过碟簧压紧，当扭矩超载时通过摩擦片打滑来保护传动系，其缺点同样为仅具备一级减震刚度，在其他工况可能存在减震效果不能满足变速箱和整车振动噪声的限值要求等问题。日本专利P2011-226572A公开了一种扭矩限制器装置及其结构，减震器外壳体与飞轮通过螺栓固定，减震器内花键毂与变速箱输入轴花键配合，具备单级减震刚度，减震弹簧具有弹簧座，无内圈弹簧，该减震器仅能满足某些特定工况的动力总成扭转振动衰减功能，当车辆起步、怠速运转或急加速或急减速时可能存在减震效果不能满足变速箱和整车振动噪声的限值要求等问题。
发明内容
为解决以上问题，本发明提供一种限扭减震器，该减震器可满足混合动力汽车怠速驻车发电、平路或坡道起步、串联行驶、并联行驶、发动机驱动、行车发电、急加速或急减速等不同工作模式下的减震性能要求，能有效提升混合动力车辆的整车NVH品质，且集成度高，装配空间占用少。
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种限扭减震器，包括安装在发动机飞轮上的第一安装盘和安装在变速箱侧的第二安装盘，所述第一安装盘和第二安装盘之间依次装夹有碟形弹簧、压盘片和从动盘总成，其特征在于：所述从动盘总成包括第一摩擦片和第二摩擦片，所述第一摩擦片和第二摩擦片之间夹持有波形片，所述波形片的内圈与从动盘的外圈一侧贴合固定，所述从动盘另一侧与减震盘之间设有盘毂盘，所述盘毂盘、减震盘和从动盘之间通过减震弹簧传动，形成第三级减震刚度；所述从动盘与减震盘对应侧的内圈设有预减震弹簧座，所述预减震弹簧座的中心孔内安装有盘芯，所述盘芯的光轴穿过预减震弹簧座伸出第一安装盘外，所述盘芯的传动齿伸入到盘毂盘的中心孔内；所述预减震弹簧座与盘毂盘对应侧的端面外侧卡接在盘毂盘的弹簧窗口的凹槽处，所述预减震弹簧座与盘毂盘之间设有预减震弹簧和预减震盘，所述预减震盘的传动舌卡接在预减震弹簧座上，所述预减震弹簧设置在预减震弹簧座上，且处于预减震盘的相邻传动舌之间，预减震盘的传动舌挤压预减震弹簧，形成第一级减震刚度。
作为优选，所述预减震弹簧座与盘毂盘之间设有橡胶垫，所述橡胶垫套设在预减震弹簧座的限位凸台上，与传动齿位置对应，盘芯的传动齿与限位凸台上的橡胶垫接触，形成第二级减震刚度。
作为优选，所述盘毂盘、减震盘和从动盘上相对应位置处均设有若干个弹簧窗口，所述若干弹簧窗口内均安装有减震弹簧，所述减震弹簧同时设置在盘毂盘、减震盘和从动盘的弹簧窗口内，所述减震弹簧与弹簧窗口侧壁接触形成第三级减震刚度。
作为优选，所述盘毂盘、减震盘和从动盘上相对应位置处均设有四个弹簧窗口，所述四个弹簧窗口内均安装有减震弹簧，所述减震弹簧同时设置在盘毂盘、减震盘和从动盘的弹簧窗口内。
作为优选，所述预减震弹簧座与盘毂盘对应侧的端面上均布有四组传动凸台、若干个限位凸台、若干段弧形滑槽和若干段弧形安装槽，四组所述传动凸台均卡接在盘毂盘的相应四个弹簧窗口的凹槽处，所述限位凸台均处于传动凸台内侧与传动齿位置对应，且限位凸台外均套设有用于减震的橡胶垫，盘芯的传动齿与限位凸台上的橡胶垫接触，形成第二级减震刚度；所述弧形滑槽与预减震盘相应的传动舌卡接，所述预减震盘中心孔套设在传动齿上，所述弧形滑槽与所述弧形安装槽间隔设置，且弧形安装槽内均设有预减震弹簧，所述预减震弹簧两端的限位座抵靠在弧形安装槽的侧壁上，预减震盘的传动舌在弧形滑槽滑动，预减震盘的传动舌与预减震弹簧的限位座接触，挤压预减震弹簧，形成第一级减震刚度。
作为优选，所述盘毂盘与减震盘之间依次设有止动阻尼片、碟簧、预减震阻尼片和预减震碟簧，所述止动阻尼片压装到盘毂盘的端面上，所述止动阻尼片的凸台卡接在减震盘盘面的矩形开孔内；所述碟簧压装到止动阻尼片的端面上，所述碟簧的卡口卡接到止动阻尼片的凸台上，所述预减震阻尼片的安装齿卡在止动阻尼片的缺口内，所述预减震碟簧套装在预减震阻尼片上。
作为优选，所述从动盘与减震盘对应侧的内圈向波形片一侧凹陷，凹陷处设有预减震弹簧座。
作为优选，所述减震弹簧的弹性系数大于预减震弹簧的弹性系数。
本发明取得的有益效果是：通过在预减震弹簧座上设有弧形安装槽，弧形安装槽内设置预减震弹簧，预减震盘的传动舌在弧形滑槽滑动，与预减震弹簧的限位座接触，挤压预减震弹簧，形成第一级减震刚度；在预减震弹簧座上设置限位凸台，限位凸台上套设橡胶垫，盘芯的传动齿与限位凸台上的橡胶垫接触，形成第二级减震刚度；盘毂盘、减震盘和从动盘上相对应位置处均设有弹簧窗口，弹簧窗口内均安装有减震弹簧，减震弹簧同时设置在盘毂盘、减震盘和从动盘的弹簧窗口内，减震弹簧与弹簧窗口侧壁接触形成第三级减震刚度。第一级减震刚度由预减震弹簧实现，第二级减震刚度由橡胶垫实现，第三级减震刚度由内外减震弹簧实现，可实现传递发动机扭矩，衰减发动机扭转振动和防止传动系过载的功能，通过三级减震刚度的设计可满足混合动力汽车怠速驻车发电、平路或坡道起步、串联行驶、并联行驶、发动机驱动、行车发电、急加速或急减速等不同工作模式下的减震性能要求，具备避免单级限扭减震器仅能解决车辆特定工况NVH问题的能力。在不同工况下有效隔离发动机曲轴飞轮传递到变速箱输入轴的扭转振动，降低变速箱输入轴的角加速度，消除变速箱敲齿声等传动系统振动噪声问题，提升混合动力车辆的整车NVH品质。本发明方案设计集成度高，装配空间占用少，特别适用于混合动力车辆发动机舱布置空间紧凑的应用场合。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为图1的后视图；
图3为图1的爆炸图；
图4为从动盘总成的爆炸图；
图5为预减震弹簧座、盘芯和预减震盘的安装示意图；
图6为预减震弹簧座的结构示意图；
图7为盘毂盘的结构示意图；
图8为盘毂盘和减震盘之间部件的安装示意图；
图9为第一级减震刚度的结构示意图；
图10为第二级减震刚度的结构示意图；
图11为第三级减震刚度的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作更进一步的说明。
如图1-3所示，本发明的一种限扭减震器，包括安装在发动机飞轮上的第一安装盘1和安装在变速箱侧的第二安装盘2，第一安装盘1和第二安装盘2通过十二个铆钉固定在一起，第一安装盘1和第二安装盘2之间依次装夹有碟形弹簧3、压盘片4和从动盘总成5，碟形弹簧3变形产生的压紧力传递到压盘片4及从动盘总成5，通过从动盘总成5两侧的摩擦面传递摩擦扭矩。
如图4所示，从动盘总成5包括第一摩擦片51和第二摩擦片52，第一摩擦片51和第二摩擦片52之间夹持有波形片53，第一摩擦片51、波形片53和第二摩擦片52外圈通过十六个摩擦片铆钉固定在一起；波形片53的内圈与从动盘54的外圈一侧贴合，从动盘54外圈通过十六个个波形片铆钉固定到波形片53的内圈上；从动盘54另一侧与减震盘50之间设有盘毂盘55，减震盘50通过四个限位销固定到从动盘54上，盘毂盘55、减震盘50和从动盘54上相对应位置处均设有若干个弹簧窗口，本实施例每间隔90°设有一个弹簧窗口，共设有四个弹簧窗口，弹簧窗口内均安装有减震弹簧56，减震弹簧56同时设置在盘毂盘55、减震盘50和从动盘54的弹簧窗口内，从动盘54和减震盘50的扭矩通过安装在弹簧窗口内的四组内外减震弹簧56传递到盘毂盘55，传动时，减震弹簧56与弹簧窗口侧壁接触形成第三级减震刚度。
结合图5-7所示，从动盘54与减震盘50对应侧的内圈向波形片53一侧凹陷，凹陷处设有预减震弹簧座57，预减震弹簧座57的中心孔内安装有盘芯60，盘芯60的光轴穿过预减震弹簧座57伸出第一安装盘1外，盘芯60的传动齿伸入到盘毂盘55的中心孔内；预减震弹簧座57与盘毂盘55对应侧的端面上均布有四组传动凸台571、若干个限位凸台572、若干个弧形滑槽573和若干个弧形安装槽574，
图6-7中，每组传动凸台571均包含两个传动凸台，四组传动凸台571均卡接在盘毂盘55的相应四个弹簧窗口的凹槽551处，盘毂盘55的扭矩通过传动凸台571传递到预减震弹簧座57；预减震弹簧座57上设有四段弧形滑槽573，预减震盘59的四个传动舌591分别卡接对应的弧形滑槽573，预减震盘59的四个传动舌591可以在弧形滑槽573滑动，预减震盘59中心孔套设在盘芯60的传动齿上，预减震盘59的扭矩通过盘芯60的传动齿传递到盘芯60上，从而通过盘芯60的内花键将扭矩传递到后续变速箱输入轴等传动装置，在相邻的弧形滑槽573之间均设有弧形安装槽574，预减震弹簧座57上共设有四段弧形安装槽574，每段弧形安装槽574内均安装有预减震弹簧58，预减震弹簧58两端的限位座581抵靠在弧形安装槽(574)的侧壁上，预减震弹簧座57的扭矩通过八个限位座581传递到预减震盘59的四个传动舌591，四个传动舌591与对应限位座581接触，挤压预减震弹簧58，形成第一级减震刚度，衰减来自发动机的扭转振动。由于减震弹簧56的弹性系数大于预减震弹簧58的弹性系数，因此在传动过程中预减震弹簧58先变形压缩，预减震弹簧58被压缩前，减震弹簧56相对于刚性件。
图6中，预减震弹簧座57上设有六个限位凸台572，六个限位凸台572均处于传动凸台571内侧，且设置在盘芯60传动齿的相邻齿之间，六个限位凸台572均套设有用于减震的橡胶垫65，当预减震弹簧座57与预减震盘59的相对转角达到设计值时，盘芯60的传动齿齿面开始与限位凸台572上的橡胶垫65接触，形成第二级减震刚度，进一步衰减来自发动机的扭转振动。
如图8所示，盘毂盘55与减震盘50之间依次设有止动阻尼片61、碟簧62、预减震阻尼片63和预减震碟簧64，止动阻尼片61压装到盘毂盘55的端面上，止动阻尼片61的凸台611卡接在减震盘50盘面的矩形开孔501内；碟簧62压装到止动阻尼片61的端面上，碟簧62的卡口621卡接到止动阻尼片61的凸台611上，预减震阻尼片63的安装齿631卡在止动阻尼片61的缺口612内，预减震碟簧64套装在预减震阻尼片63上。
如图9-11所示，本发明的工作原理是：发动机飞轮转动，带动第一安装盘1和第二安装盘2转动，碟形弹簧3受力变形，碟形弹簧3变形产生的压紧力传递到压盘片4及从动盘总成5，通过从动盘总成5的第一摩擦片51和第二摩擦片52之间产生的静摩擦力传递摩擦扭矩，第一摩擦片51、波形片53和第二摩擦片52通过摩擦片铆钉固定在一起，扭矩进一步传递到波形片53上，从动盘54通过波形片铆钉固定在波形片53上，波形片53扭矩传递到从动盘54上，从动盘54的扭矩通过减震弹簧56将传递到盘毂盘55上，此时减震弹簧56不变形，只起到刚性传动的作用；盘毂盘55的扭矩通过传动凸台571传递到预减震弹簧座57，预减震弹簧座57的扭矩通过八个限位座581传递到预减震盘59的四个传动舌591，四个传动舌591与对应限位座581接触，挤压预减震弹簧58，形成第一级减震刚度，衰减来自发动机的扭转振动；当限扭减震器需要传递的发动机扭矩超出第一级减震刚度，即预减震弹簧座57与预减震盘59的相对转角达到设计值时，盘芯60的传动齿齿面开始与限位凸台572上的橡胶垫65接触，形成第二级减震刚度，进一步衰减来自发动机的扭转振动；当限扭减震器需要传递的发动机扭矩超出第二级减震刚度时，此时减震弹簧56被压缩变形，形成第三级减震刚度。

Claims (5)

1.一种限扭减震器，包括安装在发动机飞轮上的第一安装盘(1)和安装在变速箱侧的第二安装盘(2)，所述第一安装盘(1)和第二安装盘(2)之间依次装夹有碟形弹簧(3)、压盘片(4)和从动盘总成(5)，其特征在于：所述从动盘总成包括第一摩擦片(51)和第二摩擦片(52)，所述第一摩擦片(51)和第二摩擦片(52)之间夹持有波形片(53)，所述波形片(53)的内圈与从动盘(54)的外圈一侧贴合固定，所述从动盘(54)另一侧与减震盘(50)之间设有盘毂盘(55)，所述盘毂盘(55)、减震盘(50)和从动盘(54)之间通过减震弹簧(56)传动，形成第三级减震刚度；所述从动盘(54)与减震盘(50)对应侧的内圈设有预减震弹簧座(57)，所述预减震弹簧座(57)的中心孔内安装有盘芯(60)，所述盘芯(60)的光轴穿过预减震弹簧座(57)伸出第一安装盘(1)外，所述盘芯(60)的传动齿伸入到盘毂盘(55)的中心孔内；所述预减震弹簧座(57)与盘毂盘(55)对应侧的端面外侧卡接在盘毂盘(55)的弹簧窗口的凹槽(551)处，所述预减震弹簧座(57)与盘毂盘(55)之间设有预减震弹簧(58)和预减震盘(59)，所述预减震盘(59)的传动舌(591)卡接在预减震弹簧座(57)上，所述预减震弹簧(58)设置在预减震弹簧座(57)上，且处于预减震盘(59)的相邻传动舌(591)之间，预减震盘(59)的传动舌(591)挤压预减震弹簧(58)，形成第一级减震刚度；
所述预减震弹簧座(57)与盘毂盘(55)之间设有橡胶垫(65)，所述橡胶垫(65)套设在预减震弹簧座(57)的限位凸台(572)上，与传动齿位置对应，盘芯(60)的传动齿与限位凸台(572)上的橡胶垫(65)接触，形成第二级减震刚度；
所述盘毂盘(55)、减震盘(50)和从动盘(54)上相对应位置处均设有若干个弹簧窗口，所述若干弹簧窗口内均安装有减震弹簧(56)，所述减震弹簧(56)同时设置在盘毂盘(55)、减震盘(50)和从动盘(54)的弹簧窗口内，所述减震弹簧(56)与弹簧窗口侧壁接触形成第三级减震刚度；
所述盘毂盘(55)与减震盘(50)之间依次设有止动阻尼片(61)、碟簧(62)、预减震阻尼片(63)和预减震碟簧(64)，所述止动阻尼片(61)压装到盘毂盘(55)的端面上，所述止动阻尼片(61)的凸台(611)卡接在减震盘(50)盘面的矩形开孔(501)内；所述碟簧(62)压装到止动阻尼片(61)的端面上，所述碟簧(62)的卡口(621)卡接到止动阻尼片(61)的凸台(611)上，所述预减震阻尼片(63)的安装齿(631)卡在止动阻尼片(61)的缺口(612)内，所述预减震碟簧(64)套装在预减震阻尼片(63)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的限扭减震器，其特征在于：所述盘毂盘(55)、减震盘(50)和从动盘(54)上相对应位置处均设有四个弹簧窗口，所述四个弹簧窗口内均安装有减震弹簧(56)，所述减震弹簧(56)同时设置在盘毂盘(55)、减震盘(50)和从动盘(54)的弹簧窗口内。
3.根据权利要求2所述的限扭减震器，其特征在于：所述预减震弹簧座(57)与盘毂盘(55)对应侧的端面上均布有四组传动凸台(571)、若干个限位凸台(572)、若干段弧形滑槽(573)和若干段弧形安装槽(574)，四组所述传动凸台(571)均卡接在盘毂盘(55)的相应四个弹簧窗口的凹槽(551)处，所述限位凸台(572)均处于传动凸台(571)内侧与传动齿位置对应，且限位凸台(572)外均套设有用于减震的橡胶垫(65)，盘芯(60)的传动齿与限位凸台(572)上的橡胶垫(65)接触，形成第二级减震刚度；所述弧形滑槽(573)与预减震盘(59)相应的传动舌(591)卡接，所述预减震盘(59)中心孔套设在传动齿上，所述弧形滑槽(573)与所述弧形安装槽(574)间隔设置，且弧形安装槽(574)内均设有预减震弹簧(58)，所述预减震弹簧(58)两端的限位座(581)抵靠在弧形安装槽(574)的侧壁上，预减震盘(59)的传动舌(591)在弧形滑槽(573)滑动，预减震盘(59)的传动舌(591)与预减震弹簧(58)的限位座(581)接触，挤压预减震弹簧(58)，形成第一级减震刚度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的限扭减震器，其特征在于：所述从动盘(54)与减震盘(50)对应侧的内圈向波形片(53)一侧凹陷，凹陷处设有预减震弹簧座(57)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的限扭减震器，其特征在于：所述减震弹簧(56)的弹性系数大于预减震弹簧(58)的弹性系数。
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