CN107653989A - 装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺 - Google Patents

装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺 Download PDF

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CN107653989A
CN107653989A CN201710743178.9A CN201710743178A CN107653989A CN 107653989 A CN107653989 A CN 107653989A CN 201710743178 A CN201710743178 A CN 201710743178A CN 107653989 A CN107653989 A CN 107653989A
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cold
heat bridge
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叶浩文
李栋
李丛笑
朱清宇
张欢
张少彪
乔龙
肖晓
吴光伟
胡远航
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China Construction Science and Technology Group Co Ltd
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    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺，包括：使用粘贴剂将真空绝热板拼装在外挂板墙体室内侧，然后在真空绝热板外表面涂覆防水隔汽涂料；外挂墙板预制时，预先在墙板窗洞口四边根据一定的间距安装布置预埋防腐隔热木垫块，门窗框侧边周圈粘贴预压密封膨胀带且朝室内侧四周粘贴防水隔汽膜，然后放至窗洞口中并紧密撑顶木垫块，采用螺栓将门窗框固定在木垫块上，再在门窗框室外侧粘贴防水透汽膜；预制复合外挂板竖缝中设置了导水腔；通过PE棒、涂料、耐候胶实现竖缝防水密封。本发明提供的装配式被动式超低能耗建筑高气密性高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺，可操作性强，气密性、无热桥性能质量易于控制。

Description

装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺。
背景技术
被动式房屋又叫被动式节能屋，是基于被动式设计而建造的节能建筑物。不需要传统的采暖方式和主动的空调形式来实现舒适的冬季和夏季室内环境的建筑，建筑不主动引进外界能源，最大限度地依靠设计与技术降低能耗。被动式房屋不需要主动加热，它基本上是依靠被动收集来的热量来使房屋本身保持一个舒适的温度。使用太阳、人体、家电及热回收装置等带来的热能，不需要主动热源的供给。被动式房屋的概念适用于世界各地，无论寒冷地区还是温暖地区都可建设被动式房屋，其基本的方式是一致的。依据当地的气候条件，房屋的建筑结构材料的用量会有些差异。在寒冷地区关心的是墙体厚度，保温层厚度；而在炎热地区更关心的是制冷方法和通风除湿，以保证在夏天也能保持舒适的室内环境。任何被动式房屋的个性特点都要依据当地的气候条件进行优化。
目前，国家大力提倡和推广装配式建筑。同时在节能和环保问题日益突出的背景下，被动式超低能耗建筑是应对气候变化和节能减排的重要途径。装配式和被动式超低能耗建筑是建筑行业的两大发展趋势。然而两者在同一栋建筑中实现会存在冲突，主要表现在，1)被动式超低能耗建筑要求高气密性，而装配式建筑的围护结构难免会存在大量的安装和拼接缝隙，且装配式建筑需要一定的弹性或扰度，都给高气密性增加了困难；2)在保证结构安全的前提下，被动式超低能耗建筑要求高隔热和高保温性能，而装配式建筑围护层会产生一些热桥。由于目前国内仍无同类案例参考，在实践过程中需要对这些问题一一解决。
发明内容
针对所提到的问题，本发明提供了装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺，包括：
1)真空绝热板内保温及防水隔汽施工工艺
11)使用粘贴剂将真空绝热板拼接在外挂板墙体室内侧上，板缝宽度小于1mm；
12)在真空绝热板外侧表面先涂覆两层防水涂料底料，压入一层无纺隔汽布，然后在所述无纺隔汽布上涂覆两层防水涂料面料；
2)预制复合外挂板外门窗无冷热桥施工工艺
21)墙板预制时，在门窗洞口四边按照一定的间距预埋防腐隔热木垫块；
22)门窗框侧边周圈粘贴预压密封膨胀带且朝室内侧四周粘贴防水隔汽膜，然后放至窗洞口中并紧密撑顶木垫块，采用螺栓将门窗框固定在木垫块上，再在门窗框室外侧粘贴防水透汽膜，所述门窗框室内侧四周粘贴的防水隔汽膜的宽度大于所述门窗洞口的周长；23)真空绝热板外侧的防水隔汽膜内翻至门窗洞口，与所述门窗框搭接牢固；
3)预制复合外挂板板缝防水处理施工工艺
31)在预制复合外挂板竖缝中预留导水腔；
32)所述导水腔的室外侧填塞PE棒，在所述PE棒的外侧涂覆硅酮耐候胶并在两墙面板间呈U型；
33)导水腔室内侧灌注聚氨酯发泡剂直至墙体室内侧平面，在所述的发泡剂与导水腔交接处涂覆防水隔汽材料；
4)预制复合外挂板遮阳无热桥安装工艺
采用百叶遮阳，在不影响室内采光和通风的前提下有效控制室内眩光及减少进入室内的空调冷负荷；
5)预制复合外挂板与楼板之间的沟槽无热桥处理工艺
51)将外墙上的真空绝热板延伸至沟槽底部，侧面采用XPS板保护，然后填满蒸汽加压混凝土砌块；
52)上部采用水泥砂浆找平；
6)外墙与预制柱间缝隙处理工艺
61)预制柱与外墙的缝隙宽度大于7cm；
62)真空绝热板(2cm)从柱两侧往预制柱与外墙板缝隙内拼接；
63)采用5cm厚，60cm宽的XPS板塞入预制柱与外墙缝隙内，预留微小缝隙采用聚氨酯发泡剂填充；
64)预制柱左右两侧各预留5cm，使用防潮木块封堵XPS板。
优选方案是：使用预压缩膨胀海绵填充在窗框与门窗洞口缝隙。
优选方案是：使用预制板内侧预埋角钢固定木垫块。
优选方案是：被动式建筑高气密性高保温无冷热桥体系施工工艺。
优选方案是：外墙板包括厚度为140mm的钢筋混凝土层和厚度为100mm的陶瓷发泡混凝土层。
本发明提供的装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺，可操作性强，气密性无热桥性能质量易于控制。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
应当理解，本文所使用的诸如“具有”、“包含”以及“包括”术语并不配出一个或多个其它元件或其组合的存在或添加。
本发明提供了一种装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺，包括：
1)真空绝热板内保温及防水隔汽施工工艺
11)使用粘贴剂将真空绝热板拼接在外挂板墙体室内侧上，板缝宽度小于1mm；
12)在真空绝热板外侧表面先涂覆两层防水涂料底料，压入一层无纺隔汽布，然后在所述无纺隔汽布上涂覆两层防水涂料面料；
2)预制复合外挂板外门窗无冷热桥施工工艺
21)墙板预制时，在门窗洞口四边按照一定的间距预埋防腐隔热木垫块；
22)门窗框侧边周圈粘贴预压密封膨胀带且朝室内侧四周粘贴防水隔汽膜，然后放至窗洞口中并紧密撑顶木垫块，采用螺栓将门窗框固定在木垫块上，再在门窗框室外侧粘贴防水透汽膜，所述门窗框室内侧四周粘贴的防水隔汽膜的宽度大于所述门窗洞口的周长；23)真空绝热板外侧的防水隔汽膜内翻至门窗洞口，与所述门窗框搭接牢固；
3)预制复合外挂板板缝防水处理施工工艺
31)在预制复合外挂板竖缝中预留导水腔；
32)所述导水腔的室外侧填塞PE棒，在所述PE棒的外侧涂覆硅酮耐候胶并在两墙面板间呈U型；
33)导水腔室内侧灌注聚氨酯发泡剂直至墙体室内侧平面，在所述的发泡剂与导水腔交接处涂覆防水隔汽材料；
4)预制复合外挂板遮阳无热桥安装工艺
采用百叶遮阳，在不影响室内采光和通风的前提下有效控制室内眩光及减少进入室内的空调冷负荷；
5)预制复合外挂板与楼板之间的沟槽无热桥处理工艺
51)将外墙上的真空绝热板延伸至沟槽底部，侧面采用XPS板保护，然后填满蒸汽加压混凝土砌块；
52)上部采用水泥砂浆找平；
6)外墙与预制柱间缝隙处理工艺
61)预制柱与外墙的缝隙宽度大于7cm；
62)真空绝热板(2cm)从柱两侧往预制柱与外墙板缝隙内拼接；
63)采用5cm厚，60cm宽的XPS板塞入预制柱与外墙缝隙内，预留微小缝隙采用聚氨酯发泡剂填充；
64)预制柱左右两侧各预留5cm，使用防潮木块封堵XPS板。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出。

Claims (5)

1.装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺，其特征在于，包括：
1)真空绝热板内保温及防水隔汽施工工艺
11)使用粘贴剂将真空绝热板拼接在外挂板墙体室内侧上，板缝宽度小于1mm；
12)在真空绝热板外侧表面先涂覆两层防水涂料底料，压入一层无纺隔汽布，然后在所述无纺隔汽布上涂覆两层防水涂料面料；
2)预制复合外挂板外门窗无冷热桥施工工艺
21)墙板预制时，在门窗洞口四边按照一定的间距预埋防腐隔热木垫块；
22)门窗框侧边周圈粘贴预压密封膨胀带且朝室内侧四周粘贴防水隔汽膜，然后放至窗洞口中并紧密撑顶木垫块，采用螺栓将门窗框固定在木垫块上，再在门窗框室外侧粘贴防水透汽膜，所述门窗框室内侧四周粘贴的防水隔汽膜的宽度大于所述门窗洞口的周长；
23)真空绝热板外侧的防水隔汽膜内翻至门窗洞口，并与所述门窗框搭接牢固；
3)预制复合外挂板板缝防水处理施工工艺
31)在预制复合外挂板竖缝中预留导水腔；
32)所述导水腔的室外侧填塞PE棒，在所述PE棒的外侧涂覆硅酮耐候胶并在两墙面板间呈U型；
33)导水腔室内侧灌注聚氨酯发泡剂直至墙体室内侧平面，在所述的发泡剂与导水腔交接处涂覆防水隔汽材料；
4)预制复合外挂板遮阳无热桥安装工艺
采用百叶遮阳，在不影响室内采光和通风的前提下有效控制室内眩光及减少进入室内的空调冷负荷；
5)预制复合外挂板与楼板之间的沟槽无热桥处理工艺
51)将外墙上的真空绝热板延伸至沟槽底部，侧面采用XPS板保护，然后填满蒸汽加压混凝土砌块；
52)上部采用水泥砂浆找平；
6)外墙与预制柱间缝隙处理工艺
61)预制柱与外墙的缝隙宽度大于7cm；
62)真空绝热板(2cm)从柱两侧往预制柱与外墙板缝隙内拼接；
63)采用5cm厚，60cm宽的XPS板塞入预制柱与外墙缝隙内，预留微小缝隙采用聚氨酯发泡剂填充；
64)预制柱左右两侧各预留5cm，使用防潮木块封堵XPS板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺，其特征在于，使用预压缩膨胀海绵填充在窗框与窗洞口缝隙。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺艺，其特征在于，使用预制板内侧预埋角钢固定木垫块。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺，其特征在于，被动式建筑高气密性高保温无冷热桥体系施工工艺。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装配式被动式建筑高气密高保温无冷热桥一体化施工工艺，其特征在于，外墙板包括厚度为140mm的钢筋混凝土层和厚度为100mm的陶粒发泡混凝土层。
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