CN107637239B - Vegetable mechanical cultivation device - Google Patents
Vegetable mechanical cultivation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107637239B CN107637239B CN201711111058.3A CN201711111058A CN107637239B CN 107637239 B CN107637239 B CN 107637239B CN 201711111058 A CN201711111058 A CN 201711111058A CN 107637239 B CN107637239 B CN 107637239B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vegetable mechanical cultivation device, and belongs to the field of modern agriculture. To meet the requirements of modern agricultural cultivation, we provide a vegetable mechanical cultivation device suitable for modern agricultural production, mainly comprising: matrix loading mechanism, vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism, conveyer belt. By adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the automatic substrate loading, automatic seedling ejection and automatic transplanting can be realized, the product can be directly operated to a greenhouse and other culture environments for cultivation, the automation degree is high, and the agricultural cultivation mechanization is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vegetable mechanical cultivation device, and belongs to the field of modern agriculture.
Background
Agricultural modernization refers to the process and means of converting from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. In the process, modern industry, modern science and technology and modern economic management method are combined with agriculture, and the modern development concept is applied to combine the development of agriculture and ecological civilization construction, so that the development of agriculture is increasingly converted from the lagged traditional agriculture into ecological agriculture with advanced productivity level in the modern world.
Agricultural mechanization refers to manual labor using advanced equipment instead of manpower, and mechanized operation is adopted in large areas in all links before, during and after the labor, so that the physical strength of the labor is reduced, and the labor efficiency is improved.
Cultivation refers to transplanting vegetable seedlings into a suitable growing environment, in the present invention, into a cultivation tank suitable for modern agricultural planting.
Disclosure of Invention
To meet the requirements of modern agricultural cultivation, we provide a vegetable mechanical cultivation device suitable for modern agricultural production, mainly comprising: a matrix loading mechanism comprising a matrix hopper and a matrix blanking channel;
the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism comprises a plurality of transplanting funnels, and conical heads capable of being opened and closed are arranged at the bottom ends of the transplanting funnels; the seedling raising device also comprises a seedling raising tray fixing frame, a seedling raising linkage device, and a transverse walking track and a longitudinal walking track of the seedling raising linkage device; the seedling lifting linkage device consists of a first sensor, a seedling lifting structure and a connecting rod between the first sensor and the seedling lifting structure;
a conveyor belt comprising a first conveyor belt disposed below the substrate loading mechanism; the second conveyor belt is arranged below the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism; the transplanting seedling conveying belt group is arranged below the seedling tray fixing frame and consists of a plurality of conveying belts, and the tail end of each conveying belt is positioned above the corresponding transplanting funnel; the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are in linkage, and the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the transplanting seedling conveyor belt group are controlled by a main control motor.
Preferably, the vegetable seedling transplanting device further comprises a cultivation groove scraping device, and the cultivation groove scraping device is arranged between the substrate loading mechanism and the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism. Wherein it is preferable to arrange it closer to the substrate loading mechanism. More preferably, we disclose that the cultivation groove scraping device is a roller device with an outer layer being a brush.
Further preferably, a blanking relief conveyor is also provided at the substrate blanking channel.
As a further preferable scheme, the invention also discloses that a gate is arranged at the substrate blanking channel corresponding to the tail end of the blanking relieving conveyor belt. The amount of the matrix dropped from the tail end of the transplanting seedling conveying belt can be regulated through the opening degree of the gate.
In addition, the invention further discloses a conical head which consists of a plurality of blades, wherein the upper ends of the blades can be fixed on the transplanting funnel in a turnover manner. When the vegetable seedling box is closed, the blades are gathered to form a conical head, and when the vegetable seedling box is opened, the blades are opened, and vegetable seedlings in the conical head fall.
Preferably, the first sensor is a contact sensor.
Further, the invention discloses a second sensor arranged on the second conveyor belt, and when the second sensor finds that the cultivation groove reaches the lower part of the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism, the second sensor sends an induction signal to the controller.
In addition, the invention also discloses a third sensor arranged at the tail end of the transplanting seedling conveying belt, and the third sensor sends a signal whether vegetable seedlings are detected or not to the controller.
Preferably, the second sensor and/or the third sensor is an infrared sensor.
The seedling tray fixing frame fixes the seedling tray, and enables the seedling tray to be perpendicular to the ground or close to the ground angle. Of course, in actual production, we generally prefer a state that the tray of the seedling raising tray is perpendicular to the ground.
Preferably, the seedling tray fixing frame comprises four square frames and fixing clamps arranged on the upper frame and the lower frame of the frame, fixing holes are formed in the corresponding seedling tray, and the seedling tray is fixed through the cooperation of the fixing clamps and the fixing holes.
The seedling lifting structure is preferably a telescopic structure, and particularly preferably a telescopic structure with a cylindrical telescopic rod in the middle.
Preferably, a rotary disc is also provided, the entrance of which is provided at the end of the second conveyor belt.
Further, an acceleration conveyor is preferably provided between the second conveyor and the entrance of the turntable. And a buffer conveyor is also provided between the first conveyor and the second conveyor.
By adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the automatic substrate loading, automatic seedling ejection and automatic transplanting can be realized, the product can be directly operated to a greenhouse and other culture environments for cultivation, the automation degree is high, and the agricultural cultivation mechanization is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vegetable mechanical cultivation device; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a part of a vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism;
fig. 3 is a top view of the turret plate.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, we will further describe the present invention with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the vegetable mechanical cultivation device suitable for modern agricultural production mainly comprises: a substrate loading mechanism 1 comprising a substrate hopper 101 and a substrate blanking channel 102;
the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism 2 comprises a plurality of transplanting funnels 201, and conical heads 202 which can be opened and closed are arranged at the bottom ends of the transplanting funnels 201; the seedling raising tray comprises a seedling raising tray fixing frame 203, a seedling raising linkage device, a transverse walking rail 204 and a longitudinal walking rail 205 of the seedling raising linkage device; the seedling lifting linkage device mainly comprises a first sensor 206, a seedling lifting structure and a connecting rod 207 between the first sensor and the seedling lifting structure;
conveyor 3, comprising a first conveyor 301 arranged below the substrate loading mechanism; a second conveyor belt 302 disposed under the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism; the transplanting seedling conveying belt group 303 is arranged below the seedling tray fixing frame and consists of a plurality of conveying belts, and the tail end of each conveying belt is positioned above the corresponding transplanting funnel; the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are in linkage, and the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the transplanting seedling conveyor belt are controlled by a main control motor.
In use, first, pre-mixed substrate is loaded into the substrate hopper 101, then the cultivation trough 4 is placed on the first conveyor 301, and as the conveyor moves, the substrate falls into the cultivation trough 4 from the substrate discharge channel 102, and the cultivation trough 4 is filled with substrate at the substrate loading mechanism 1.
Then, the cultivating groove 4 enters the second conveyor belt 302, when the cultivating groove is positioned below the transplanting funnel 201, the conveyor belt stops running, the transplanting funnel 201 descends, as the transplanting funnel 201 descends, the conical head 202 at the bottom end of the transplanting funnel forms a planting pit in a substrate, then the conical head 202 is opened, the transplanting seedling conveyor belt group 303 runs, and vegetable seedlings fall into the transplanting funnel 201 from the transplanting seedling conveyor belt group 303 and fall into the planting pit formed by the conical head 202. Then the transplanting funnel 201 is lifted up, at this time, the substrate limited by the transplanting funnel 201 falls under the action of natural force such as gravity and presses the transplanted seedling, and the whole transplanting process of the transplanted seedling is finished.
The transplanted cultivation groove 4 is sent out of the whole system by a second conveyor belt, and is uniformly transported to a cultivation environment for cultivation after being collected.
It should be noted that, in operation, the transplanting seedling conveyor belt group 303 must have an effective vegetable seedling at a corresponding position of each transplanting seedling conveyor belt, so as to ensure the effectiveness of transplanting.
Here, we need to explain the process of vegetable seedlings from the seedling tray to the transplanting seedling conveyor belt group 303. First, the seedling lifting linkage device walks according to the seedling raising hole distance of the seedling raising tray under the control of the controller, and after the first sensor 206 receives the signal of "vegetable seedlings are present", the seedling lifting mechanism pushes the vegetable seedlings down from the seedling raising tray to drop onto the transplanting seedling conveying belt group 303. Preferably, the first sensor is a contact sensor. Compared with other sensors, the contact sensor is more accurate and reliable in signal acquisition of whether seedlings emerge or not.
It is also preferable to include a cultivation tank scraping device 5 in this example, the cultivation tank scraping device 5 being provided between the substrate loading mechanism 1 and the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism 2. Wherein it is preferable to arrange it closer to the substrate loading mechanism. Preferably, a roller device with a brush as an outer layer is used.
Thus, when the cultivation groove 4 passes through the cultivation groove leveling device 5, the brush sweeps down the excessive substrate on the cultivation groove 4 along with the rotation of the roller, and the cultivation groove 4 is in a state of being filled with the substrate.
In addition, the present example further preferably further provides a blanking relief conveyor 304 at the substrate blanking channel 102. When the substrate falls down from the substrate discharging channel 102, the substrate falls down on the discharging relieving conveyor 304 first, and falls into the cultivation groove 4 along with the operation of the discharging relieving conveyor 304, thereby avoiding the direct falling down of the substrate, and the filling is more uniform and stable.
More preferably, in this embodiment, a gate 103 is further preferably disposed at the substrate discharging channel 102 corresponding to the end of the discharging alleviating belt 304. The amount of the substrate dropped from the end of the transplanting seedling conveyor belt can be regulated by the opening degree of the gate 103. For example, when the shutter 103 is fully closed, it is closely spaced from the discharge-relieving conveyor 304, so that the amount of the dropped substrate is small, but when the shutter 103 is fully opened, it is spaced from the discharge-relieving conveyor 304 by a large amount, so that the amount of the dropped substrate is large. Thus, the control of the amount of the substrate falling is effectively realized by the opening and closing degree of the shutter 103.
Specifically, in this example, the conical head 202 is composed of a plurality of blades, and the upper ends of the blades are fixed to the transplanting hopper in a reversible manner. When the vegetable seedling box is closed, the blades are gathered to form a conical head, and when the vegetable seedling box is opened, the blades are opened, and vegetable seedlings in the conical head fall.
Further, in this example, a second sensor 6 is provided on the second conveyor 302, and when the second sensor 6 finds that the cultivation tank reaches below the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism 2, a sensing signal is sent to the controller. And the first conveyor belt 301 and the second conveyor belt 302 are controlled to stop rotating by the controller, so that the automatic operation of the conveyor belts is realized, and meanwhile, the time required by the transplanting process can be effectively ensured.
Meanwhile, it is further preferable in this example that a third sensor 7 is provided at the end of the transplanted seedling conveyor belt group 303, and the third sensor 7 transmits a signal of whether vegetable seedlings are detected to the controller. When the seedling tray is provided with a hole, i.e. the seeds do not sprout, the seedling lifter automatically enters the next seedling hole for detection, but compared with other transplanting processes, the seedling lifter is provided with a hole, so that the corresponding position is blank, and at the moment, the third sensor 7 can be used for automatically realizing the blank monitoring, so that the monitoring task of vegetable seedlings at the corresponding positions of all the transplanting seedling conveying belt groups 303 is automatically completed. The planting effectiveness is ensured.
Preferably, the second sensor 6 and/or the third sensor 7 are infrared sensors.
Referring to fig. 2, the seedling tray fixing frame 203 includes four square frames and fixing cards 208 disposed on an upper frame and a lower frame of the square frames, fixing holes are disposed on the corresponding seedling tray 9, and fixing of the seedling tray 9 is achieved through cooperation of the fixing cards 208 and the fixing holes. The seedling tray fixing frame fixes the seedling tray 9 and enables the seedling tray to be perpendicular to the ground or close to the ground angle. Of course, in practical production, it is generally preferable that the seedling raising tray 9 be formed in a state perpendicular to the ground.
As shown in fig. 2, the seedling raising structure is preferably a telescopic structure, and a particularly preferred manner is a telescopic structure with a cylindrical telescopic rod in the middle.
Returning to fig. 1, we are also provided with a turntable 8 in this example, the entrance of which is provided at the end of the second conveyor belt 302.
In addition, an acceleration conveyor 305 is preferably provided between the second conveyor 302 and the entrance of the rotary table 8. And a buffer conveyor 306 is also provided between the first conveyor 301 and the second conveyor 302.
The buffer conveyor 306 can be used to relieve the time difference between the completion of the two processes on the first conveyor 301 and the second conveyor 302, so that the whole system can operate more reasonably. At the same time, the acceleration conveyor 305 can run the finished product to the turntable 8 as quickly as possible, improving efficiency.
Through a large number of experiments, the mechanical transplanting mode disclosed by the invention is remarkably improved in comparison with the traditional transplanting speed, the whole process is less in manual participation, the problem that the production of leaf vegetables is difficult to work at present is solved, and the leaf vegetables are cleaner and more sanitary, and are prevented from being interfered and damaged manually. Meanwhile, after the post-cultivation, the transplanting effect is good, the post-growth condition of the vegetables is good, and the method has good popularization and application values.
Claims (7)
1. Vegetable mechanical cultivation device, characterized by mainly includes:
a matrix loading mechanism comprising a matrix hopper and a matrix blanking channel;
the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism comprises a plurality of transplanting funnels, and conical heads capable of being opened and closed are arranged at the bottom ends of the transplanting funnels; the seedling raising device also comprises a seedling raising tray fixing frame, a seedling raising linkage device, and a transverse walking track and a longitudinal walking track of the seedling raising linkage device; the seedling lifting linkage device consists of a first sensor, a seedling lifting structure and a connecting rod between the first sensor and the seedling lifting structure;
a conveyor belt comprising a first conveyor belt disposed below the substrate loading mechanism; the second conveyor belt is arranged below the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism; the transplanting seedling conveying belt group is arranged below the seedling tray fixing frame and consists of a plurality of conveying belts, and the tail end of each conveying belt is positioned above the corresponding transplanting funnel; the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are in linkage, and the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the transplanting seedling conveyor belt group are controlled by a main control motor; the vegetable seedling transplanting device comprises a substrate loading mechanism, a vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism, a substrate scraping mechanism and a vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism, wherein the substrate loading mechanism is arranged between the substrate loading mechanism and the vegetable seedling transplanting mechanism; a blanking relieving conveyor belt is arranged at the substrate blanking channel; a gate is further arranged at a substrate blanking channel corresponding to the tail end of the blanking relieving conveyor belt;
the cultivation groove enters the second conveying belt, when the cultivation groove is positioned below the transplanting funnel, the conveying belt stops running, the transplanting funnel descends, a conical head at the bottom end of the cultivation groove forms a planting pit in a matrix along with the descending of the transplanting funnel, then the conical head is opened, the transplanting seedling conveying belt group runs, vegetable seedlings fall into the transplanting funnel from the transplanting seedling conveying belt group and fall into the planting pit formed by the conical head, then the transplanting funnel is lifted, the matrix limited by the transplanting funnel falls under the action of gravity and presses the transplanting seedlings, and the transplanting process of the whole transplanting seedlings is finished.
2. The vegetable mechanical cultivating device according to claim 1, wherein: the first sensor is a contact sensor.
3. The vegetable mechanical cultivating device according to claim 1, wherein: the second conveyor belt is provided with a second sensor.
4. The vegetable mechanical cultivating device according to claim 1, wherein: and a third sensor is arranged at the tail end of the transplanting seedling conveying belt.
5. The vegetable mechanical cultivating device according to claim 1, wherein: a turntable is also provided, the entrance of which is arranged at the end of the second conveyor belt.
6. The vegetable mechanical cultivating device according to claim 1, wherein: an acceleration conveyor is disposed between the second conveyor and the entrance of the turntable.
7. The vegetable mechanical cultivating device according to claim 1, wherein: a buffer conveyor is also provided between the first conveyor and the second conveyor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711111058.3A CN107637239B (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | Vegetable mechanical cultivation device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711111058.3A CN107637239B (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | Vegetable mechanical cultivation device |
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| CN107637239A CN107637239A (en) | 2018-01-30 |
| CN107637239B true CN107637239B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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| CN201711111058.3A Active CN107637239B (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | Vegetable mechanical cultivation device |
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| CN110301223B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2023-08-01 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Vegetable three-dimensional cultivation intelligent logistics working system |
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| JPH08140427A (en) * | 1994-11-17 | 1996-06-04 | Kanzaki Kokyukoki Mfg Co Ltd | Heeling-in-device |
| JP2955929B1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-04 | 矢崎化工株式会社 | Cultivation equipment and cultivation tank |
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