CN107631899A - A kind of continuous sampling system and sampling method for ocean gas hydrate - Google Patents
A kind of continuous sampling system and sampling method for ocean gas hydrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN107631899A CN107631899A CN201610629879.5A CN201610629879A CN107631899A CN 107631899 A CN107631899 A CN 107631899A CN 201610629879 A CN201610629879 A CN 201610629879A CN 107631899 A CN107631899 A CN 107631899A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of continuous sampling system and sampling method for ocean gas hydrate, it is by refrigeration plant, single action rotates Sampling driller, high-pressure plunger pump, compressed air unit, the equipment of making nitrogen, heat-insulation pressure keeping separator and heat-insulation pressure keeping ore body case composition, refrigeration plant, single action rotates Sampling driller, high-pressure plunger pump, compressed air unit, the equipment of making nitrogen, connected between heat-insulation pressure keeping separator and heat-insulation pressure keeping ore body case by pipeline, and it is fixedly installed on successively on exploration ship, single action rotation Sampling driller contacts with ocean gas hydrate stratum；The present invention uses high pressure low temperature jet to creep into stratum as cutting element; hydrate block after broken is transported by way of hydraulic hoisting to sea heat-insulation pressure keeping storehouse; fidelity continuous coring is realized according to self-shield effect; the decomposition of hydrate caused by drill bit frictional heat is effectively reduced, ensure that reacting cycle passage is in low temperature environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Sampling driller and sampling method, more particularly to a kind of company for ocean gas hydrate
Continuous sampler and sampling method.
Background technology
Gas hydrates are also known as solid-state methane, and it is made up of natural gas and water, in solid state, its appearance pole as
Ice and snow or solid alcohol, igniting is incendivity, therefore someone is called " combustible ice ", " gas ice ", " solid gas ".Gas water
The crystallization screen work of compound is mainly made up of hydrone, and under the conditions of different cryogenic high pressures, hydrone crystallizes to form difference
The multiaspect cage structure of type.It is estimated that methane resource is about 2.16 × 10 in global sea bed gas hydrate16M3, first
Twice of carbon total amount in alkane equivalent to the fossil fuel total resources such as currently known coal, oil and natural gas.At present, sent out
Existing Gas Hydrate is mainly distributed in the loose sediment layer of 0m-1500m below seabed, and gas hydrates have can
Can turn into another reserves after shale gas, coal bed gas, oil-sand etc. it is huge take over the energy.
The hydrate having now been found that mainly exists in the form of four kinds, respectively sandrock-type, sandstone crack type, particulate crack type
Hydrate, decentralized hydrate.Particulate crack type hydrate, decentralized hydrate total amount are big at present, have that buried depth is shallow, cementing properties
The features such as poor.There is " self-shield effect " in gas hydrates, the methane hydrate decomposition rate figure drawn according to Stern et al.
Understand, under 271K (- 2 DEG C) isothermy, decomposition of hydrate speed is extremely slow, when pressure is in this temperature range
(1.0MPa the 100m depth of waters) decomposition of hydrate is one month.
Existing patent retrieval finds that Chinese Patent Application No. is：CN201210344300.2, a kind of entitled " natural gas
Hydrate pressure keeping sampler ", the structure make the hydrate sample into basket in lifting process by the ball-valve structure of design
It is middle to keep pressure in situ；
Chinese Patent Application No. is：CN2008100504760, it is entitled " gas hydrate hole-bottom frozen sampler and
Its sampling method ", the structure reduce hydrate core temperature to suppress to be hydrated by external source by providing one kind in bottom hole
Thing is decomposed, and hydrate critical decomposition pressure is reduced using the method for active cooling, without pressurize, so as to realize that passive type is depressured
Maintain the stable gas hydrate hole-bottom frozen sampler of hydrate.
It can be seen that existing sampling technique relies on wire line coring technology, by rock core length of tube is limited, when rock core is full of
Need to stop boring after basket to salvage basket, continuous coring can not be realized, while hydrate caused by drill bit frictional heat be present
Resolution problem.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve above-mentioned existing sampler to need to stop boring salvaging rock because rock core is full of after basket
Heart pipe and continuous coring can not be realized, and caused by drill bit frictional heat the problems such as decomposition of hydrate, and provide a kind of use
The continuous sampling system and sampling method of Yu Haiyang gas hydrates.
A kind of continuous sampling system for ocean gas hydrate of the present invention, it is by refrigeration plant, single action rotation
Sampling driller, high-pressure plunger pump, compressed air unit, the equipment of making nitrogen, heat-insulation pressure keeping separator and heat-insulation pressure keeping ore body case group
Into refrigeration plant, single action rotation Sampling driller, high-pressure plunger pump, compressed air unit, the equipment of making nitrogen, heat-insulation pressure keeping separation dress
Put and connected between heat-insulation pressure keeping ore body case by pipeline, and be fixedly installed on successively on exploration ship, single action rotation Sampling driller
Contacted with ocean gas hydrate stratum；
Single action rotation Sampling driller includes three wall drilling rods, double-wall drill pipe, single action mechanism and swivel nozzle cylinder body, three wall drilling rods
It is fixedly installed on exploration ship, double-wall drill pipe is fixedly connected on three wall drilling rod lower ends, and double-wall drill pipe lower end has bottom spray orifice, single action
Mechanism is arranged in double-wall drill pipe annular space, and swivel nozzle cylinder body is embedded in single action mechanism；
On three wall drilling rods there is high pressure gas transfer passage, water under high pressure transfer passage, mixing wastewater with air room and reacting cycle center to lead to
Road；
Double-wall drill pipe includes outer tube and inner tube, and inner tube is arranged in outer tube, and double-wall drill pipe has reacting cycle central passage；
Single action mechanism includes outer thrust bearing Shang Gai, interior thrust bearing Shang Gai, interior thrust bearing lower cover and outer thrust bearing
Lower cover, lid is sealedly connected on outer tube wall on outer thrust bearing, and lid is sealedly connected on outer wall of inner tube, outer thrust on interior thrust bearing
Bearing lower cover is fixedly connected on outer tube wall, and interior thrust bearing lower cover is fixedly connected on outer wall of inner tube, on outer thrust bearing lid and
Lid between swivel nozzle cylinder body with being fixedly connected on interior thrust bearing, interior thrust bearing lower cover and outer thrust bearing lower cover and rotation
Turn between nozzle cylinder body to be tightly connected；
Swivel nozzle cylinder body has limit base and runner, and runner inclination angle a is 10 ° -15 °.
A kind of continuous sampling method for ocean gas hydrate of the present invention, concrete operation method are as follows：
1) jet media is cooled down by refrigeration plant, jet media temperature is less than -2 DEG C, high-pressure plunger pump will cool down
Low temperature jet flow medium afterwards is pumped into water under high pressure transfer passage, and water under high pressure reaches single action rotation Sampling driller bottom；
2) swivel nozzle cylinder body can not depart from the presence of limit base with single action mechanism, and lid can be on outer thrust bearing
Gyration is done on outer tube wall, lid can do gyration, swivel nozzle cylinder body point on outer wall of inner tube on interior thrust bearing
Gyration can not be done around outer thrust bearing lower cover and interior thrust bearing lower cover；
3) for high pressure low temperature water jet by runner, runner inclination angle a is 10 ° -15 °, is formed with certain spray angle
High-pressure water jet, there is certain angle high pressure low temperature water jet to apply one to swivel nozzle cylinder body along swivel nozzle cylinder body circumference
Power, rotate swivel nozzle cylinder body, while cover on thrust bearing Shang Gai and outer thrust bearing in driving and rotate together, form rotation
Turn jet revolution cutting hydrate formation, water under high pressure sprays from bottom spray orifice cuts off the hydrate rock core for entering transfer passage, together
When formed low pressure bottom hydrate particle is pumped in reacting cycle central passage, double-wall drill pipe bottom is provided with hard alloy blocks
To prevent from building the pressure after drilling tool touches bottom hole, while also function to the effect of the finishing borehole wall；
4) equipment of making nitrogen prepares nitrogen and stored, and is connected with compressed air unit by pipeline, and compressed air unit is by nitrogen
Air pump is sent into high pressure gas transfer passage, reaches mixing wastewater with air room, makes to form gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixing in reacting cycle central passage
Fluid, gas lift reverse circulation is formed, using " the self-shield effect " of hydrate (under -2 DEG C of isothermy, when pressure is 1.0MPa
Decomposition of hydrate is one month), the decomposition rate of hydrate is reduced, realizes " fidelity " continuous coring, three-phase flow directly enters
Enter heat-insulation pressure keeping separation and carry out gas-liquid separation, silt separation, solid hydrate is directly entered heat-insulation pressure keeping ore body case, the nitrogen of separation
Gas is stored in the equipment of making nitrogen, and the silt of separation is directly discharged into sea.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention is simple in construction, easy to use, and stratum is crept into using high pressure low temperature jet as cutting element, after crushing
Hydrate block is transported by way of hydraulic hoisting to sea heat-insulation pressure keeping storehouse, according to self-shield effect by during Hydraulic transportation
The decomposition amount of hydrate reduces, and realizes fidelity continuous coring, effectively reduces the decomposition of hydrate caused by drill bit frictional heat,
The annular space of double-wall drill pipe is will be filled with using the drilling fluid of low temperature, reacting cycle passage is effectively ensured and is in low temperature environment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional perspective schematic diagram of single action rotation Sampling driller of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the upward view of swivel nozzle cylinder body of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is swivel nozzle cylinder body A-A of the present invention section circumferentially expanded schematic diagram.
In Fig. 1：A- seawater, B- superstratums, C- hydrate formations.
Embodiment
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a kind of continuous sampling for ocean gas hydrate of the present invention
Device, it is by refrigeration plant 1, single action rotation Sampling driller 2, high-pressure plunger pump 3, compressed air unit 4, the equipment of making nitrogen 5, insulation
Pressurize separator 6 and heat-insulation pressure keeping ore body case 7 form, refrigeration plant 1, single action rotation Sampling driller 2, high-pressure plunger pump 3, sky
Connected between gas compression device 4, the equipment of making nitrogen 5, heat-insulation pressure keeping separator 6 and heat-insulation pressure keeping ore body case 7 by pipeline, and according to
Secondary to be fixedly installed on exploration ship, single action rotation Sampling driller 2 contacts with ocean gas hydrate stratum；
Single action rotation Sampling driller 2 includes three wall drilling rods 21, double-wall drill pipe 22, single action mechanism 24 and swivel nozzle cylinder body
25, three wall drilling rods 21 are fixedly installed on exploration ship, and double-wall drill pipe 22 is fixedly connected on the lower end of three wall drilling rod 21, double-wall drill pipe 22
Lower end has bottom spray orifice 26, and single action mechanism 24 is arranged in the annular space of double-wall drill pipe 22, and swivel nozzle cylinder body 25 is embedded in single acting engine
On structure 24；
There is high pressure gas transfer passage 211, water under high pressure transfer passage 212, mixing wastewater with air room 23 and anti-on three wall drilling rods 21
Circulate central passage 223；
Double-wall drill pipe 22 includes outer tube 221 and inner tube 222, and inner tube 222 is arranged in outer tube 221, and double-wall drill pipe 22 has
Reacting cycle central passage 223；
Single action mechanism 24 includes lid 241 on outer thrust bearing, lid 242, the interior and of thrust bearing lower cover 243 on interior thrust bearing
Outer thrust bearing lower cover 244, lid 241 is sealedly connected on the inwall of outer tube 221 on outer thrust bearing, and lid 242 is close on interior thrust bearing
Envelope is connected to the outer wall of inner tube 222, and outer thrust bearing lower cover 244 is fixedly connected on the inwall of outer tube 221, interior thrust bearing lower cover 243
Be fixedly connected on the outer wall of inner tube 222, on outer thrust bearing on lid 241 and interior thrust bearing lid 242 and swivel nozzle cylinder body 25 it
Between to be fixedly connected, connect between interior thrust bearing lower cover 243 and outer thrust bearing lower cover 244 and swivel nozzle cylinder body 25 for sealing
Connect；
Swivel nozzle cylinder body 25 has limit base 251 and runner 252, and the inclination angle a of runner 252 is 10 ° -15 °.
A kind of continuous sampling method for ocean gas hydrate of the present invention, concrete operation method are as follows：
1) jet media is cooled down by refrigeration plant 1, jet media temperature is less than -2 DEG C, high-pressure plunger pump 3 will be cold
But the low temperature jet flow medium after is pumped into water under high pressure transfer passage 212, and water under high pressure reaches single action rotation Sampling driller 2 bottom；
2) swivel nozzle cylinder body 25 can not depart from the presence of limit base 251 with single action mechanism 24, on outer thrust bearing
Lid 241 can do gyration on the inwall of outer tube 221, and lid 242 can turn round on the outer wall of inner tube 222 on interior thrust bearing
Motion, swivel nozzle cylinder body 25 can do gyration around outer thrust bearing lower cover 244 and interior thrust bearing lower cover 243 respectively；
3) for high pressure low temperature water jet by runner 252, the inclination angle a of runner 252 is 10 ° -15 °, and being formed has certain injection
The high-pressure water jet of angle, there is certain angle high pressure low temperature water jet to apply one to swivel nozzle cylinder body 25 along swivel nozzle
The circumferential power of cylinder body 25, rotates swivel nozzle cylinder body 25, while is covered in drive on thrust bearing on lid 242 and outer thrust bearing
241 rotate together.Rotating jet revolution cutting hydrate formation is formed, water under high pressure sprays from bottom spray orifice 26 will enter transfer passage
The cut-out of hydrate rock core, while form low pressure and bottom hydrate particle be pumped in reacting cycle central passage 223, double-walled bores
The bottom of bar 22 is provided with hard alloy blocks 8 to prevent from building the pressure after drilling tool touches bottom hole, while also functions to the finishing borehole wall
Effect.
4) equipment of making nitrogen 1 prepares nitrogen and stored, and is connected with compressed air unit 4 by pipeline, and compressed air unit 4 will
Nitrogen is pumped into high pressure gas transfer passage 211, reaches mixing wastewater with air room 23, makes to form gas-liquid in reacting cycle central passage 223
Gu three-phase mixed flow body, gas lift reverse circulation is formed, (under -2 DEG C of isothermy, works as pressure using " the self-shield effect " of hydrate
Power is that 1.0MPa decomposition of hydrate is one month), the decomposition rate of hydrate is reduced, realizes " fidelity " continuous coring.Three
Phase stream is directly entered heat-insulation pressure keeping separation 6 and carries out gas-liquid separation, silt separation, and solid hydrate is directly entered heat-insulation pressure keeping ore body
Case 7, the nitrogen of separation are stored in the equipment of making nitrogen 5, and the silt of separation is directly discharged into sea.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. continuous sampling system for ocean gas hydrate, it is characterised in that：It is by refrigeration plant (1), single action Rotate Sampling driller (2), high-pressure plunger pump (3), compressed air unit (4), the equipment of making nitrogen (5), heat-insulation pressure keeping separator (6) Formed with heat-insulation pressure keeping ore body case (7), refrigeration plant (1), single action rotation Sampling driller (2), high-pressure plunger pump (3), air pressure Connected between contracting equipment (4), the equipment of making nitrogen (5), heat-insulation pressure keeping separator (6) and heat-insulation pressure keeping ore body case (7) by pipeline, And be fixedly installed on successively on exploration ship, single action rotation Sampling driller (2) contacts with ocean gas hydrate stratum；Single action rotation Sampling driller (2) includes three wall drilling rods (21), double-wall drill pipe (22), single action mechanism (24) and swivel nozzle cylinder Body (25), three wall drilling rods (21) are fixedly installed on exploration ship, and double-wall drill pipe (22) is fixedly connected on three wall drilling rod (21) lower ends, Double-wall drill pipe (22) lower end has bottom spray orifice (26), and single action mechanism (24) is arranged in double-wall drill pipe (22) annular space, swivel nozzle Cylinder body (25) is embedded in single action mechanism (24)；There are high pressure gas transfer passage (211), water under high pressure transfer passage (212), mixing wastewater with air room (23) on three wall drilling rods (21) With reacting cycle central passage (223)；Double-wall drill pipe (22) includes outer tube (221) and inner tube (222), and inner tube (222) is arranged in outer tube (221), double-wall drill pipe (22) there is reacting cycle central passage (223)；Single action mechanism (24) includes lid (241) on outer thrust bearing, covers (242), interior thrust bearing lower cover on interior thrust bearing (243) and outer thrust bearing lower cover (244), lid (241) is sealedly connected on outer tube (221) inwall, interior thrust on outer thrust bearing Bearing upper cover (242) is sealedly connected on inner tube (222) outer wall, and outer thrust bearing lower cover (244) is fixedly connected in outer tube (221) Wall, interior thrust bearing lower cover (243) are fixedly connected on inner tube (222) outer wall, (241) and interior thrust bearing are covered on outer thrust bearing To be fixedly connected between upper lid (242) and swivel nozzle cylinder body (25), interior thrust bearing lower cover (243) and outer thrust bearing lower cover (244) it is sealed connection between swivel nozzle cylinder body (25).
- A kind of 2. continuous sampling system for ocean gas hydrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute Stating swivel nozzle cylinder body (25) has limit base (251) and runner (252), and runner (252) inclination angle a is 10 ° -15 °.
- 3. a kind of continuous sampling method for ocean gas hydrate, concrete operation method is as follows：1) jet media is cooled down by refrigeration plant (1), jet media temperature is less than -2 DEG C, high-pressure plunger pump (3) will be cold But the low temperature jet flow medium after is pumped into water under high pressure transfer passage (212), and water under high pressure reaches single action rotation Sampling driller (2) bottom Portion；2) swivel nozzle cylinder body (25) can not depart from the presence of limit base (251) with single action mechanism (24), outer thrust bearing Upper lid (241) can do gyration on outer tube (221) inwall, and covering (242) on interior thrust bearing can be in inner tube (222) outside Gyration is done on wall, swivel nozzle cylinder body (25) respectively can be around outer thrust bearing lower cover (244) and interior thrust bearing lower cover (243) gyration is done；3) for high pressure low temperature water jet by runner (252), runner (252) inclination angle a is 10 ° -15 °, and being formed has certain injection The high-pressure water jet of angle, there is certain angle high pressure low temperature water jet to apply one to swivel nozzle cylinder body (25) along rotation spray The circumferential power of mouth cylinder body (25), rotates swivel nozzle cylinder body (25), while covers (242) and outer thrust in drive on thrust bearing Bearing upper cover (241) rotates together, forms rotating jet revolution cutting hydrate formation, water under high pressure sprays from bottom spray orifice (26) will Hydrate rock core into transfer passage is cut off, while forms low pressure and bottom hydrate particle is pumped into reacting cycle central passage (223) in, double-wall drill pipe (22) bottom is provided with hard alloy blocks (8) to prevent from building the pressure after drilling tool touches bottom hole, The effect of the finishing borehole wall is also functioned to simultaneously；4) equipment of making nitrogen (1) prepares nitrogen and stored, and is connected with compressed air unit (4) by pipeline, compressed air unit (4) Nitrogen is pumped into high pressure gas transfer passage (211), reached mixing wastewater with air room (23), is made in reacting cycle central passage (223) Gas-liquid-solid three-phase fluid-mixing is formed, gas lift reverse circulation is formed, utilizes " self-shield effect " (- 2 DEG C isothermy of hydrate Under, when pressure is that 1.0MPa decomposition of hydrate is one month), the decomposition rate of hydrate is reduced, realizes that " fidelity " is continuous Core, three-phase flow is directly entered heat-insulation pressure keeping separation (6) and carries out gas-liquid separation, silt separation, and solid hydrate is directly entered guarantor Warm pressurize ore body case (7), the nitrogen of separation are stored in the equipment of making nitrogen (5), and the silt of separation is directly discharged into sea.
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| CN107631899B CN107631899B (en) | 2019-08-23 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107462688A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-12-12 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | A kind of pneumatic state separator of gas hydrates drilling fluid reclaimed water and method |
| CN108729886A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-02 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of the seabed combustible ice mining system and method for cooling pressurization |
| CN109057759A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-12-21 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Marine facies combustible ice hydraulic development device |
| CN109343146A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-15 | 郑州智谷工业技术有限公司 | A kind of natural gas hydrate exploration device and exploitation method |
| CN110017138A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Air water multilayer sampling method and device in a kind of drilling |
| CN113073976A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-06 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for on-site multi-point sampling of deep-sea natural gas hydrate |
| CN117848768A (en) * | 2024-03-08 | 2024-04-09 | 深圳市旭仓科技有限公司 | Sediment sampling device for hydraulic engineering |
| CN118065897A (en) * | 2024-04-18 | 2024-05-24 | 北京科技大学 | Multistage fracturing device capable of directionally fracturing rock mass |
| CN118090307A (en) * | 2024-04-23 | 2024-05-28 | 洛阳业丰建设工程服务有限公司 | Concrete building intensity check out test set |
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| CN107462688B (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2018-10-30 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | Aqueous vapor Dynamic Separation device and method in a kind of gas hydrates drilling fluid |
| CN107462688A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-12-12 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | A kind of pneumatic state separator of gas hydrates drilling fluid reclaimed water and method |
| CN108729886B (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2020-03-27 | 中国矿业大学 | System and method for exploiting seabed combustible ice through temperature reduction and pressurization |
| CN108729886A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-02 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of the seabed combustible ice mining system and method for cooling pressurization |
| CN109057759A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-12-21 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Marine facies combustible ice hydraulic development device |
| CN109057759B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2024-04-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Sea phase combustible ice water force development device |
| CN109343146A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-15 | 郑州智谷工业技术有限公司 | A kind of natural gas hydrate exploration device and exploitation method |
| CN110017138A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Air water multilayer sampling method and device in a kind of drilling |
| CN113073976A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-06 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for on-site multi-point sampling of deep-sea natural gas hydrate |
| CN113073976B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2024-01-23 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for in-situ multi-point sampling of deep sea natural gas hydrate |
| CN117848768A (en) * | 2024-03-08 | 2024-04-09 | 深圳市旭仓科技有限公司 | Sediment sampling device for hydraulic engineering |
| CN117848768B (en) * | 2024-03-08 | 2024-04-30 | 深圳市旭仓科技有限公司 | Sediment sampling device for hydraulic engineering |
| CN118065897A (en) * | 2024-04-18 | 2024-05-24 | 北京科技大学 | Multistage fracturing device capable of directionally fracturing rock mass |
| CN118065897B (en) * | 2024-04-18 | 2024-07-05 | 青岛理工大学 | Multistage fracturing device capable of directionally fracturing rock mass |
| CN118090307A (en) * | 2024-04-23 | 2024-05-28 | 洛阳业丰建设工程服务有限公司 | Concrete building intensity check out test set |
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