CN101864916B - Hole bottom freezing cord coring drill and coring method thereof - Google Patents
Hole bottom freezing cord coring drill and coring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101864916B CN101864916B CN 201010184043 CN201010184043A CN101864916B CN 101864916 B CN101864916 B CN 101864916B CN 201010184043 CN201010184043 CN 201010184043 CN 201010184043 A CN201010184043 A CN 201010184043A CN 101864916 B CN101864916 B CN 101864916B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hole bottom freezing cord coring drill and a coring method thereof. In the invention, liquid nitrogen is taken as a refrigerant; the liquid nitrogen absorbs heat in the gasification process so as to freeze a core at a hole bottom and inhibit a natural gas hydrate from being decomposed. The drill comprises an outer tube assembly and an inner tube assembly; and in the process of acquiring the core, a sand hitch is utilized to drag the inner tube assembly out from the outer tube assembly, an end cover and a clamp spring are dismounted, a semi-closed tube and a core sample are pumped out together from a core tube, the two ends of the semi-closed tube are sealed by rubber plugs, and the core sample and the semi-closed tube are stored in a liquid nitrogen hold-up vessel or a high-pressure container together. The invention has the advantages that rapid freezing can be realized, and the freezing effect is good; since cord coring and hole bottom freezing are combined, rapid coring without lifting the drill is achieved; in the drilling process, the inner tube assembly does not rotate, thus damages on a hydras core caused by mechanical force generated by rotation of the drill is avoided to a greater degree, the percentage of coring, the core integrity degree and the representativeness are more effectively improved; and semi-closed tube type rapid ground surface sampling is adopted, thus the core can be rapidly obtained from the ground surface.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of hole bottom freezing cord coring drill and coring method, be particularly useful for the Gas Hydrate Drilling hole-bottom frozen and core.
Background technology:
Along with rapid development of economy, the conventional energy resources such as coal, oil, natural gas can not satisfy the demand of human development, and gas hydrates are with its abundant reserves, and the alternative energy source that will become the conventional energy resources such as coal, oil, natural gas in future is also known together by the mankind.
Gas hydrates form and compose and exist under the environment of high pressure low temperature.According to gas hydrates stabilizing voltage characteristic curve, if temperature or pressure conditions change surpass equilibrium conditions, will cause gas hydrate dissociation.How to obtain the gas hydrates sample of high-fidelity, work has proposed very high requirement to core drilling.Present gas hydrates sampler both domestic and external is mainly by two kinds of mentalities of designing: a kind of is pressure keeping sampler at the bottom of the hole, and a kind of is hole-bottom frozen sampler.The thinking of pressure keeping sampler is after the hydrate rock core enters the pressurize basket at the bottom of the hole, closing the basket bottom by ball valve makes rock core keep initial pressure, and utilize the pressure compensator controlled pressure, keep rock core pressure and in putting forward the process of brill, remain unchanged, again rock core is carried out freezing preservation after mentioning the earth's surface.This thinking is high especially for intensity and the sealing requirements of ball valve, in case sealing property of ball valves descends, will cause decomposition of hydrate, cores unsuccessfully.The thinking of hole-bottom frozen sampler is to finish when creeping into round trip, after the hydrate rock core is full of basket, utilize flushing liquor pressure refrigerant to be pressed into the freezing inside cavity that seals around the basket, refrigerant and hydrate rock core are by copper basket generation interchange of heat, and realization is freezing to the hydrate rock core.According to gas hydrates temperature and pressure characteristic curve, its decomposition pressure reduces along with the reduction of temperature.If can be freezing to-45 degrees centigrade, even pressure, can guarantee also that the hydrate rock core does not decompose less than an atmospheric pressure the gas hydrates rock core.
What existing hole-bottom frozen Sampling driller adopted is that dry ice is as refrigerant, alcohol is as refrigerating medium, and putting forward the brill formula for pitching cores, its deficiency is: complex structure, because dry ice is solid-state, need to adopt alcohol as refrigerating medium, after elder generation becomes low temperature alcohol with the dry ice reaction, it is freezing to inject the interior realization of freezing chamber, and this just makes sampler structure more complicated; Cold eastern efficient is low, and weak effect owing to must adopt alcohol as refrigerating medium, has a big chunk cold to be taken away by alcohol, can not realize taking full advantage of of refrigerant cold; Carry for pitching and to drill through the heart, creeping into after round trip finishes, drop into steel ball by drilling rod in the sampler and change the flushing liquor circulation road, to realize the control to refrigerating process.This can only adopt the method for carrying brill to obtain rock core with regard to having determined after round trip finishes, and it is long to carry the brill time, and workload is large.And in putting forward the brill process, the hydrate rock core can produce secondary and decompose.
Summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention just is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, providing a kind of is to reduce the hydrate core temperature with liquid nitrogen at the bottom of the hole to suppress gas hydrate dissociation, is applicable to the gas hydrate hole-bottom frozen rope Sampling driller of land frozen soil layer Gas Hydrate Drilling sampling.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of sampling method for the sampling of land permafrost haorizon gas hydrate fidelity.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
As refrigerant, at the hole-bottom frozen rock core, suppress the decomposition of gas hydrates by the liquid nitrogen gasification heat absorption with liquid nitrogen.
Liquid nitrogen gasification type gas hydrate hole-bottom frozen rope sampler comprises outer pipe assembly and inner tube assembly.When obtaining rock core, by the method for wire line coring, with fisher inner tube assembly is salvaged from outer pipe assembly.
Inner tube assembly comprises: spearhead 1 is hinged by pin 5 and the axis of cone 4, locking ball 3 and retainer spring 2 are installed between spearhead 1 and the axis of cone 3, the axis of cone 4 employing hollow pin I 8 are nested in to carry draws sleeve 6 tops, carry and draw sleeve 6 and to play deck 9 concentric, and be matched in clearance, carry and draw sleeve 6 and slide vertically, hollow pin II 10 is passed the cotter slot that plays deck, the two ends rivet clasp draws on the sleeve wall carrying, play the cotter slot of deck 9 by the move distance of restriction hollow pin 10, the vertically move distance that draws sleeve 6 is carried in restriction, bullet card 15 adopts rivet 16 to form hinge type bullet fastening position mechanism with hinge 11, the fixed end of bullet card 15 is fixed on by hollow pin III 13 and plays on the deck 9, playing deck 9 is connected with main shaft 22 by rivet 14, hanging ring 18 is installed in shoulder screw thread place, main shaft 22 top by screw thread, adopt anti-return nut 19 to tighten up, main shaft 22 is hollow structure, main shaft 22 top sidewalls are provided with the inclined hole 20 of 4 Φ 19, inclined hole I 20 center lines and main-shaft axis 22 angles at 45 °, main shaft 22 sidewalls of seat ring 21 bottoms are provided with the inclined hole II 23 of 4 Φ 19, inclined hole II 23 center lines and main-shaft axis angle at 45 °, inclined hole I 20 is all circumferentially uniform along spindle outer wall with inclined hole II 23, hollow mandrel 27 is connected with main shaft 22 bottoms by screw thread, and with tightening up round nut 28 lockings, axle cover 30 is matched in clearance with hollow mandrel 27, it is thrust bearing 31 that axle is overlapped 30 upper ends, the lower end is thrust bearing 32, thrust bearing 31 is seated at bearing door 29 inside, thrust bearing 32 is compressed by buffer spring 33, then adopts back-up ring 34 and nut 35 that spring is fixed;
Connection short tube 36 upper ends are overlapped 30 external screw threads by internal thread and axle and are connected, the lower end is connected with control joint 37 external screw threads by internal thread, hollow mandrel 27 lower ends will be inserted in control joint 37 upper holes, between be matched in clearance, control piston 38 is seated in the control joint 37 center piston passages, control spring 39 is pressed in control piston 38 bottoms, catch 45 compresses control spring, with holding screw catch 45 is fixed on the control joint 37, earial drainage spring 42, eduction valve steel ball 43 and eduction valve 44 form the eduction valve combination, are installed on successively in the discharge orifice 41;
Freezing cavity 70 upper ends are threaded with basket catcher 65, basket 71 upper ends are threaded with basket catcher 65, freezing cavity 70 lower ends are threaded with clip spring seat 75, basket 71 consists of freezing chamber with the annulus of freezing cavity 70 inwalls, the pipe 72 that narrows is lining in basket 71 inwalls, 65 quiet contacts are taken over basket in the upper end, and the lower end is seated on the clip spring seat 75 inwall steps, and non-return valve seat 69 is threaded onto basket with non-return valve ball 68 and takes in 65 screwed hole of centre; Outlet valve III 67 is installed on basket and takes in the steam vent 66 of 65 lower ends, end cap 78 is threaded onto freezing cavity 70 lower ends, and with silicone rubber pad 77 sealing, consist of the freezing chamber of a sealing, clip spring seat 75 passes end cap 78, clip spring seat 75 outer walls and end cap 78 inwall matched in clearance, and adopt the "O"-ring sealing, jump ring 76 is seated at clip spring seat 75 lower taper inwalls;
Outer pipe assembly comprises: bullet card chamber 12 is threaded with bullet block head 7, internal spline short circuit 17 tops are threaded with bullet card chamber 12, the lower end is threaded with internal spline 25, internal spline 25 passes through spline fitted with external splines 24, external splines 24 slides vertically, step limits external splines 24 sliding distance vertically of the step of internal spline 25 inwalls and external splines 24 outer walls, external splines 24 is threaded connection outer tube 27, guider ring 73 is embedded in outer tube 26 lower end inwalls, reamer 74 is connected on the outer tube 26 lower end screw threads, guider ring 73 is compressed, and reamer 74 lower ends are connected with drill bit 79 by screw thread, are provided with the gap of 4-6mm between drill bit 79 and the clip spring seat 75.
Hole bottom freezing cord coring method: comprise following order and step:
A, approach when reaching the gas hydrates layer when creeping into, the outer pipe assembly that will assemble first is lowered in the hole, again with the inner tube assembly that assembles, inner tube assembly is lowered in the outer pipe assembly by drilling rod with fisher, and inner tube assembly spuds in after arriving at the bottom of the hole;
B, be full of rock core when basket, round trip finishes, and drilling rod is carried in termination of pumping, makes sampler lift from 80-100cm distance at the bottom of the hole, and external splines 24 is down sliding 80-100mm under the Action of Gravity Field of pipe assembly outside, and the annular gap between inner tube assembly and outer pipe assembly is shut;
C, turn on pump, because the annular gap between inner tube assembly and outer pipe assembly is shut, flushing liquor is by the central passage of hollow mandrel 27, arrive control joint 37, promoting control piston 38 goes downwards in piston channel 3 current by pass 40 on every side, flushing liquor enters into piston cavity 49 through current by pass 40, pushing piston 47 is descending along piston cavity 49, it is descending that piston 47 promotes liquid nitrogen piston 56 by piston rod 48, liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container 59 is under liquid nitrogen piston 56 pressure-actings, push the one way valve combination of liquid nitrogen container 59 bottoms open, through the through hole of basket catcher 65 inclined holes that are provided with 80 with axial hole 81 formations, enter in the annulus of 70 of basket 71 and freezing cavitys, the liquid nitrogen gasification heat absorption, by basket 71 and the pipe 72 that narrows that rock core is freezing to-20 ℃, the nitrogen that liquid nitrogen gasification forms is by basket catcher 65) outlet valve 67 discharge;
D, after hole-bottom frozen 5-10 minute, be lowered to fisher on the earth's surface, inner tube assembly is salvaged to the earth's surface;
E, unload bottom end cover 78 and clip spring seat 75, the pipe 72 of will narrowing together with core sample together from basket 71 interior extractions;
F, pipe 72 two ends that will narrow seal with plug, and core sample is preserved together with narrow pipe 72 usefulness nitrogen storage tank or high-pressure bottle.
Purpose of the present invention can also be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Beneficial effect: the present invention adopts simple freezing sampling, uses liquid nitrogen as refrigerant, and liquid nitrogen Quick-gasifying in the refrigerating process can be realized snap frozen, and refrigerating effect is good; Wire line coring is combined with hole-bottom frozen, realizes that not carrying brill cores fast; Inner tube assembly does not turn round when creeping into, thereby avoided largely turning round the mechanical force of generation to the destruction of hydrate rock core because of drilling tool, more effectively improve core recovery percentage, integrity degree and representativeness, and adopted the quick sampling surface of semi-closed type, can obtain fast rock core on the earth's surface.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1～4 are: the hole bottom freezing cord coring drill structure chart;
Fig. 1 right-hand member connection layout 2 left ends, right-hand member connection layout 3 left ends of Fig. 2, Fig. 3 right-hand member connection layout 4 left ends.
1 spearhead, 2 retainer springs, 3 locking balls, 4 axis of cone, 5 pins, 6 carry and draw sleeve, and 7 play block heads, 8 hollow pin I, 9 play deck, 10 hollow pin II, 11 hinges, bullet card chambers 12,13 hollow pin III, 14 pins, 15 bullet cards, 16 rivets, 17 internal splines catcher, 18 hanging rings, 19 anti-return nuts, 20 inclined hole I, 21 seat rings, 22 main shafts, 23 inclined hole II, 24 external splines, 25 internal splines, 26 outer tubes, 27 hollow mandrels, 28 locking nuts, 29 bearing doors, 30 interior pipe sleeves, 31 thrust bearings, 32 thrust bearings, 33 buffer springs, 34 catch, 35 connect short tube, 36 pistons, 37 control joints, 38 control pistons, 39 control springs, 40 current by pass, 41 discharge orifices, 42 eduction valve springs, 43 earial drainage valve balls, 44 earial drainage valve bodies, 45 catch, 46 nuts, 47 pistons, 48 piston rods, 49 piston cavities are taken under 50 plunger shaft, 51 steam vent I, 52 outlet valve I, 53 outlet valve II, 54 steam vent II, 55 liquid nitrogen container upper supports, 56 liquid nitrogen pistons, 57 nuts, 58 liquid nitrogen cavitys, 59 liquid nitrogen containers, 60 liquid nitrogen container lower supports, 61 unidirectional valve balls, 62 one-way valve seats, 63 one-way valve springs, 64 one-way valve spring seats, 65 baskets catcher, 66 steam vents, 67 outlet valve III, 68 non-return valve balls, 69 non-return valve seats, 70 freezing cavitys, 71 baskets, 72 pipes that narrow, 73 guider rings, 74 reamers, 75 clip spring seats, 76 jump rings, 77 sealing mats, 78 end caps, 79 drill bits, 80 inclined holes, 81 axial holes.
The specific embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 right-hand member connection layout 2 left ends in the accompanying drawing, the left end of the right-hand member connection layout 4 of right-hand member connection layout 3 left end Fig. 3 of Fig. 2 consists of gas hydrate hole-bottom frozen rope sampler overall structure figure.
This drilling tool totally is made of inner tube assembly and outer pipe assembly, and in the drilling process, flushing liquor is via the drill bit place of the annular gap arrival drilling tool bottom of inner tube assembly and outer pipe assembly, and cutting carring returns to the earth's surface on the annular gap of drilling rod and hole wall.
Embodiment 1
Hole bottom freezing cord coring drill
At first assemble outer pipe assembly: bullet card chamber 12 is threaded with bullet block head 7, internal spline short circuit 17 tops are threaded with bullet card chamber 12, the lower end is threaded with internal spline 25, internal spline 25 passes through spline fitted with external splines 24, external splines 24 slides vertically, step limits external splines 24 sliding distance vertically of the step of internal spline 25 inwalls and external splines 24 outer walls, external splines 24 is threaded connection outer tube 27, guider ring 73 is embedded in outer tube 26 lower end inwalls, reamer 74 is connected on the outer tube 26 lower end screw threads, guider ring 73 is compressed, and reamer 74 lower ends are connected with drill bit 79 by screw thread, are provided with the gap of 4mm between drill bit 79 and the clip spring seat 75.
Then assemble inner tube assembly: the assembling inner tube assembly in to liquid nitrogen container 59 filling 5L liquid nitrogen, spearhead 1 is hinged by pin 5 and the axis of cone 4, spearhead 1 rotates 0 °～± 90 ° take pin 5 as axle, like this when falling inner tube, can prevent from dragging for spearhead 1 deviates from from the crowfoot of fisher, in order to avoid break inner tube and curve inner tube, locking ball 3 is installed in the hole of spearhead 1 with retainer spring 2, when spearhead 1 and the axis of cone 4 are coaxial, locking ball 3 is absorbed in the ball-and-socket of the axis of cone 4, plays the positioning action to spearhead 1, guarantees that spearhead 1 is when inner tube assembly descends along drill string, keep coaxial with inner tube assembly, prevent that spearhead 1 from scraping gear drill string inwall; Spearhead 1 is hinged by pin 5 and the axis of cone 4, locking ball 3 and retainer spring 2 are installed between spearhead 1 and the axis of cone 3, the axis of cone 4 employing hollow pin I 8 are nested in to carry draws sleeve 6 tops, carry and draw sleeve 6 and to play deck 9 concentric, and be matched in clearance, carry and draw sleeve 6 and slide vertically, hollow pin II 10 is passed the cotter slot that plays deck, the two ends rivet clasp draws on the sleeve wall carrying, play the cotter slot of deck 9 by the move distance of restriction hollow pin 10, the vertically move distance that draws sleeve 6 is carried in restriction, bullet card 15 adopts rivet 16 to form hinge type bullet fastening position mechanism with hinge 11, bullet card 15 fixed ends are fixed on by hollow pin III 13 and play on the deck 9, playing deck 9 is connected with main shaft 22 by rivet 14, hanging ring 18 is installed in shoulder screw thread place, main shaft 22 top by screw thread, tighten up with anti-return nut 19, main shaft 22 is hollow structure, main shaft 22 top sidewalls are provided with the inclined hole 20 of 4 Φ 19, inclined hole I 20 center lines and main-shaft axis 22 angles at 45 °, main shaft 22 sidewalls of seat ring 21 bottoms are provided with the inclined hole II 23 of 4 Φ 19, inclined hole II 23 center lines and main-shaft axis angle at 45 °, inclined hole I 20 is all circumferentially uniform along spindle outer wall with inclined hole II 23, hollow mandrel 27 is connected with main shaft 22 bottoms by screw thread, and with tightening up round nut 28 lockings, axle cover 30 is matched in clearance with hollow mandrel 27, it is thrust bearing 31 that axle is overlapped 30 upper ends, and the lower end is thrust bearing 32, and thrust bearing 31 is seated at bearing door 29 inside, thrust bearing 32 is compressed by buffer spring 33, then adopts back-up ring 34 and nut 35 that spring is fixed;
Connection short tube 36 upper ends are overlapped 30 external screw threads by internal thread and axle and are connected, the lower end is connected with control joint 37 external screw threads by internal thread, hollow mandrel 27 lower ends will be inserted in control joint 37 upper holes, between be matched in clearance, control piston 38 is seated in the control joint 37 center piston passages, control spring 39 is pressed in control piston 38 bottoms, catch 45 compresses control spring, with holding screw catch 45 is fixed on the control joint 37, earial drainage spring 42, eduction valve steel ball 43 and eduction valve 44 form the eduction valve combination, are installed on successively in the discharge orifice 41;
Freezing cavity 70 upper ends are threaded with basket catcher 65, basket 71 upper ends are threaded with basket catcher 65, freezing cavity 70 lower ends are threaded with clip spring seat 75, basket 71 consists of freezing chamber with the annulus of freezing cavity 70 inwalls, the pipe 72 that narrows is lining in basket 71 inwalls, 65 quiet contacts are taken over basket in the upper end, and the lower end is seated on the clip spring seat 75 inwall steps, and non-return valve seat 69 is threaded onto basket with non-return valve ball 68 and takes in 65 screwed hole of centre; Outlet valve III 67 is installed on basket and takes in the steam vent 66 of 65 lower ends, end cap 78 is threaded onto freezing cavity 70 lower ends, and with silicone rubber pad 77 sealing, consist of the freezing chamber of a sealing, clip spring seat 75 passes end cap 78, clip spring seat 75 outer walls and end cap 78 inwall matched in clearance, and adopt the "O"-ring sealing, jump ring 76 is seated at clip spring seat 75 lower taper inwalls.
Hole bottom freezing cord coring method: comprise following order and step:
A, approach when reaching the gas hydrates layer when creeping into, the outer pipe assembly that will assemble first is lowered in the hole, again with inner tube assembly, inner tube assembly is lowered in the outer pipe assembly by drilling rod with fisher, and inner tube assembly spuds in after arriving at the bottom of the hole.
B, be full of rock core when basket, round trip finishes, and drilling rod is carried in termination of pumping, makes sampler lift from 80cm distance at the bottom of the hole, and external splines 24 is down sliding 80mm under the Action of Gravity Field of pipe assembly outside, and the annular gap between inner tube assembly and outer pipe assembly is shut;
C, turn on pump, because the annular gap between inner tube assembly and outer pipe assembly is shut, flushing liquor is by the central passage of hollow mandrel 27, arrive control joint 37, promoting control piston 38 goes downwards in piston channel 3 current by pass 40 on every side, flushing liquor enters into piston cavity 49 through current by pass 40, pushing piston 47 is descending along piston cavity 49, it is descending that piston 47 promotes liquid nitrogen piston 56 by piston rod 48, liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container 59 is under liquid nitrogen piston 56 pressure-actings, push the one way valve combination of liquid nitrogen container 59 bottoms open, through the through hole of basket catcher 65 inclined holes that are provided with 80 with axial hole 81 formations, enter in the annulus of 70 of basket 71 and freezing cavitys, the liquid nitrogen gasification heat absorption, by basket 71 and the pipe 72 that narrows that rock core is freezing to-20 ℃, the nitrogen that liquid nitrogen gasification forms is by basket catcher 65) outlet valve 67 discharge;
D, after hole-bottom frozen 5-10 minute, be lowered to fisher on the earth's surface, inner tube assembly is salvaged to the earth's surface;
E, unload bottom end cover 78 and clip spring seat 75, the pipe 72 of will narrowing together with core sample together from basket 71 interior extractions;
F, pipe 72 two ends that will narrow seal with plug, and core sample is preserved together with the pipe 72 usefulness nitrogen storage tank that narrow.
Embodiment 2
Hole bottom freezing cord coring drill
At first assemble outer pipe assembly: bullet card chamber 12 is threaded with bullet block head 7, internal spline short circuit 17 tops are threaded with bullet card chamber 12, the lower end is threaded with internal spline 25, internal spline 25 passes through spline fitted with external splines 24, external splines 24 slides vertically, step limits external splines 24 sliding distance vertically of the step of internal spline 25 inwalls and external splines 24 outer walls, external splines 24 is threaded connection outer tube 27, guider ring 73 is embedded in outer tube 26 lower end inwalls, reamer 74 is connected on the outer tube 26 lower end screw threads, guider ring 73 is compressed, and reamer 74 lower ends are connected with drill bit 79 by screw thread, are provided with the gap of 6mm between drill bit 79 and the clip spring seat 75.
Then assemble inner tube assembly: the assembling inner tube assembly in to liquid nitrogen container 59 filling 7L liquid nitrogen, spearhead 1 is hinged by pin 5 and the axis of cone 4, spearhead 1 rotates 0 °～± 90 ° take pin 5 as axle, like this when falling inner tube, can prevent from dragging for spearhead 1 deviates from from the crowfoot of fisher, in order to avoid break inner tube and curve inner tube, locking ball 3 is installed in the hole of spearhead 1 with retainer spring 2, when spearhead 1 and the axis of cone 4 are coaxial, locking ball 3 is absorbed in the ball-and-socket of the axis of cone 4, plays the positioning action to spearhead 1, guarantees that spearhead 1 is when inner tube assembly descends along drill string, keep coaxial with inner tube assembly, prevent that spearhead 1 from scraping gear drill string inwall; Spearhead 1 is hinged by pin 5 and the axis of cone 4, locking ball 3 and retainer spring 2 are installed between spearhead 1 and the axis of cone 3, the axis of cone 4 employing hollow pin I 8 are nested in to carry draws sleeve 6 tops, carry and draw sleeve 6 and to play deck 9 concentric, and be matched in clearance, carry and draw sleeve 6 and slide vertically, hollow pin II 10 is passed the cotter slot that plays deck, the two ends rivet clasp draws on the sleeve wall carrying, play the cotter slot of deck 9 by the move distance of restriction hollow pin 10, the vertically move distance that draws sleeve 6 is carried in restriction, bullet card 15 adopts rivet 16 to form hinge type bullet fastening position mechanism with hinge 11, bullet card 15 fixed ends are fixed on by hollow pin III 13 and play on the deck 9, playing deck 9 is connected with main shaft 22 by rivet 14, hanging ring 18 is installed in shoulder screw thread place, main shaft 22 top by screw thread, tighten up with anti-return nut 19, main shaft 22 is hollow structure, main shaft 22 top sidewalls are provided with the inclined hole 20 of 4 Φ 19, inclined hole I 20 center lines and main-shaft axis 22 angles at 45 °, main shaft 22 sidewalls of seat ring 21 bottoms are provided with the inclined hole II 23 of 4 Φ 19, inclined hole II 23 center lines and main-shaft axis angle at 45 °, inclined hole I 20 is all circumferentially uniform along spindle outer wall with inclined hole II 23, hollow mandrel 27 is connected with main shaft 22 bottoms by screw thread, and with tightening up round nut 28 lockings, axle cover 30 is matched in clearance with hollow mandrel 27, it is thrust bearing 31 that axle is overlapped 30 upper ends, and the lower end is thrust bearing 32, and thrust bearing 31 is seated at bearing door 29 inside, thrust bearing 32 is compressed by buffer spring 33, then adopts back-up ring 34 and nut 35 that spring is fixed;
Connection short tube 36 upper ends are overlapped 30 external screw threads by internal thread and axle and are connected, the lower end is connected with control joint 37 external screw threads by internal thread, hollow mandrel 27 lower ends will be inserted in control joint 37 upper holes, between be matched in clearance, control piston 38 is seated in the control joint 37 center piston passages, control spring 39 is pressed in control piston 38 bottoms, catch 45 compresses control spring, with holding screw catch 45 is fixed on the control joint 37, earial drainage spring 42, eduction valve steel ball 43 and eduction valve 44 form the eduction valve combination, are installed on successively in the discharge orifice 41;
Freezing cavity 70 upper ends are threaded with basket catcher 65, basket 71 upper ends are threaded with basket catcher 65, freezing cavity 70 lower ends are threaded with clip spring seat 75, basket 71 consists of freezing chamber with the annulus of freezing cavity 70 inwalls, the pipe 72 that narrows is lining in basket 71 inwalls, 65 quiet contacts are taken over basket in the upper end, and the lower end is seated on the clip spring seat 75 inwall steps, and non-return valve seat 69 is threaded onto basket with non-return valve ball 68 and takes in 65 screwed hole of centre; Outlet valve III 67 is installed on basket and takes in the steam vent 66 of 65 lower ends, end cap 78 is threaded onto freezing cavity 70 lower ends, and with silicone rubber pad 77 sealing, consist of the freezing chamber of a sealing, clip spring seat 75 passes end cap 78, clip spring seat 75 outer walls and end cap 78 inwall matched in clearance, and adopt the "O"-ring sealing, jump ring 76 is seated at clip spring seat 75 lower taper inwalls.
Hole bottom freezing cord coring method: comprise following order and step:
A, approach when reaching the gas hydrates layer when creeping into, the outer pipe assembly that will assemble first is lowered in the hole, again with inner tube assembly, inner tube assembly is lowered in the outer pipe assembly by drilling rod with fisher, and inner tube assembly spuds in after arriving at the bottom of the hole.
B, be full of rock core when basket, round trip finishes, and drilling rod is carried in termination of pumping, makes sampler lift from 100cm distance at the bottom of the hole, and external splines 24 is down sliding 100mm under the Action of Gravity Field of pipe assembly outside, and the annular gap between inner tube assembly and outer pipe assembly is shut;
C, turn on pump, because the annular gap between inner tube assembly and outer pipe assembly is shut, flushing liquor is by the central passage of hollow mandrel 27, arrive control joint 37, promoting control piston 38 goes downwards in piston channel 3 current by pass 40 on every side, flushing liquor enters into piston cavity 49 through current by pass 40, pushing piston 47 is descending along piston cavity 49, it is descending that piston 47 promotes liquid nitrogen piston 56 by piston rod 48, liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container 59 is under liquid nitrogen piston 56 pressure-actings, push the one way valve combination of liquid nitrogen container 59 bottoms open, through the through hole of basket catcher 65 inclined holes that are provided with 80 with axial hole 81 formations, enter in the annulus of 70 of basket 71 and freezing cavitys, the liquid nitrogen gasification heat absorption, by basket 71 and the pipe 72 that narrows that rock core is freezing to-20 ℃, the nitrogen that liquid nitrogen gasification forms is by basket catcher 65) outlet valve 67 discharge;
D, after hole-bottom frozen 5-10 minute, be lowered to fisher on the earth's surface, inner tube assembly is salvaged to the earth's surface;
E, unload bottom end cover 78 and clip spring seat 75, the pipe 72 of will narrowing together with core sample together from basket 71 interior extractions;
F, pipe 72 two ends that will narrow seal with plug, and core sample is preserved together with the pipe 72 usefulness high-pressure bottles that narrow.
Claims (4)
1. hole bottom freezing cord coring drill, comprise outer pipe assembly and inner tube assembly, it is characterized in that, inner tube assembly comprises: spearhead (1) is hinged by pin (5) and the axis of cone (4), locking ball (3) and retainer spring (2) are installed between spearhead (1) and the axis of cone (3), the axis of cone (4) employing hollow pin I (8) is nested in to carry and draws sleeve (6) top, carry and draw sleeve (6) and to play deck (9) concentric, and be matched in clearance, carry and draw sleeve (6) and slide vertically, hollow pin II (10) passes the cotter slot that plays deck, the two ends rivet clasp draws on the sleeve wall carrying, cotter slot on the bullet deck (9) is by the move distance of restriction hollow pin II (10), the vertically move distance that draws sleeve (6) is carried in restriction, bullet card (15) adopts rivet (16) to form hinge type bullet fastening position mechanism with hinge (11), the fixed end of bullet card (15) is fixed on by hollow pin III (13) and plays on the deck (9), playing deck (9) is connected with main shaft (22) by rivet (14), hanging ring (18) is installed in shoulder screw thread place, main shaft (22) top by screw thread, adopt anti-return nut (19) to tighten up, main shaft (22) is hollow structure, main shaft (22) top sidewall is provided with the inclined hole I (20) of 4 Φ 19, inclined hole I (20) center line and main-shaft axis (22) angle at 45 °, main shaft (22) sidewall of seat ring (21) bottom is provided with the inclined hole II (23) of 4 Φ 19, inclined hole II (23) center line and main-shaft axis angle at 45 °, inclined hole I (20) and inclined hole II (23) are all circumferentially uniform along spindle outer wall, hollow mandrel (27) is connected with main shaft (22) bottom by screw thread, and with tightening up round nut (28) locking, axle cover (30) is matched in clearance with hollow mandrel (27), axle cover (30) upper end is the first thrust bearing (31), the lower end is the second thrust bearing (32), the first thrust bearing (31) is seated at bearing door (29) inside, the second thrust bearing (32) is compressed by buffer spring (33), then adopts back-up ring (34) and nut (35) that buffer spring (33) is fixing; Connecting short tube (36) upper end is connected with axle cover (30) external screw thread by internal thread, the lower end is connected with control joint (37) external screw thread by internal thread, hollow mandrel (27) lower end will be inserted in control joint (37) upper hole, between be matched in clearance, control piston (38) is seated in the piston channel at control joint (37) center, be provided with the current by pass of three right angle types around the described piston channel that control joint (37) is provided with, the current by pass upper end communicates with piston channel, the lower end communicates with plunger shaft, after flushing liquor is pushed control piston open, the current by pass of piston channel and right angle type connects, control spring (39) is pressed in control piston (38) bottom, catch (45) compresses control spring, catch (45) is fixed on the control joint (37) earial drainage spring (42) with holding screw, the interior eduction valve that forms of discharge orifice (41) that eduction valve steel ball (43) and eduction valve (44) are installed on control joint (37) successively makes up;
Piston cavity (49) upper end is connected with control joint (37) external screw thread by internal thread, the lower end is connected with plunger shaft lower contact (50) by internal thread, piston (47) is positioned at the piston cavity internal upper part, piston (47) outer wall is that coaxial space cooperates with piston cavity (49) inwall, adopt the "O"-ring sealing between piston (47) outer wall and piston cavity (49) inwall, piston (47) endwisely slips in piston cavity (49), piston (47) is fixed on piston rod (48) upper end by nut (46), piston (47) inwall and piston rod (48) outer wall adopt the "O"-ring sealing, piston rod (48) passes plunger shaft lower contact (50) central passage and extends in the plunger shaft lower contact bottom liquid nitrogen cavity (58), piston rod (48) is matched in clearance with plunger shaft lower contact (50) central passage, be provided with steam vent I (51) in plunger shaft lower contact (50) upper surface, the lower surface is provided with steam vent II (54), outlet valve I (52) is contained in the steam vent I (51), and outlet valve II (53) is contained in the steam vent II (54);
Liquid nitrogen cavity (58) upper end is connected with plunger shaft lower contact (50) external screw thread by internal thread, the lower end is connected with basket catcher (65) external screw thread by internal thread, liquid nitrogen container (59) is positioned at liquid nitrogen cavity (58), liquid nitrogen container upper support (55) is supported on liquid nitrogen container (59) upper end, liquid nitrogen container lower support (60) is supported on liquid nitrogen container (59) lower end, liquid nitrogen container (59) lower end is spherical end surface, liquid nitrogen container upper support (55), be quiet the contact between liquid nitrogen container lower support (60) and liquid nitrogen container (59) upper and lower end face, make liquid nitrogen container (59) and liquid nitrogen cavity (58) keep higher axiality, liquid nitrogen container (59) outer wall and liquid nitrogen cavity (58) inwall are provided with the 2-4mm gap; Piston rod (48) extends to liquid nitrogen container (59) top, liquid nitrogen piston (56) is fixed on piston rod (48) lower end by nut (57), liquid nitrogen piston (56) is matched in clearance with liquid nitrogen container (59) inwall, the "O"-ring sealing is adopted in liquid nitrogen piston (56) outer wall and liquid nitrogen container (59) inwall gap, the "O"-ring sealing is adopted in liquid nitrogen piston (56) inwall and piston rod (48) outer wall gap, under the promotion of piston rod (48), liquid nitrogen piston (56) is along liquid nitrogen container (59) inwall axially-movable, one-way valve seat (62), one way valve steel ball (61), pressure spring (63) and one-way valve spring seat (64) consist of the liquid nitrogen one way valve, the liquid nitrogen one way valve is threaded onto liquid nitrogen container (59) lower end by one-way valve seat (62) top, uses the rubber pad static seal between one-way valve spring seat (64) lower end and the basket catcher (65);
Freezing cavity (70) upper end is threaded with basket catcher (65), basket (71) upper end is threaded with basket catcher (65), freezing cavity (70) lower end is threaded with clip spring seat (75), basket (71) consists of freezing chamber with the annulus of freezing cavity (70) inwall, the pipe (72) that narrows is lining in basket (71) inwall, the upper end takes over basket that (65) are quiet to be contacted, the lower end is seated on clip spring seat (75) the inwall step, and non-return valve seat (69) is threaded onto in basket catcher (65) screwed hole of centre with non-return valve ball (68); Outlet valve III (67) is installed in the steam vent III (66) of basket catcher (65) lower end, end cap (78) is threaded onto freezing cavity (70) lower end, and seal with silicone rubber pad (77), consist of the freezing chamber of a sealing, inclined hole and axial hole that the basket catcher is provided with consist of through hole, after the liquid nitrogen one way valve is opened, liquid nitrogen enters freezing chamber through this through hole, clip spring seat (75) passes end cap (78), clip spring seat (75) outer wall and end cap (78) inwall matched in clearance, and adopting the "O"-ring sealing, jump ring (76) is seated at clip spring seat (75) lower taper inwall;
Outer pipe assembly comprises: bullet card chamber (12) is threaded with bullet block head (7), internal spline short circuit (17) top is threaded with bullet card chamber (12), the lower end is threaded with internal spline (25), internal spline (25) passes through spline fitted with external splines (24), external splines (24) slides vertically, step limits external splines (24) sliding distance vertically of the step of internal spline (25) inwall and external splines (24) outer wall, external splines (24) is threaded connection outer tube (26), guider ring (73) is embedded in outer tube (26) lower end inwall, reamer (74) is connected on the screw thread of outer tube (26) lower end, guider ring (73) is compressed, reamer (74) lower end is connected with drill bit (79) by screw thread, is provided with the gap of 4-6mm between drill bit (79) and the clip spring seat (75).
2. according to hole bottom freezing cord coring drill claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, control joint (37) center is provided with described piston channel, control piston (38) compresses by control spring (39), piston channel is shut, when flushing liquor pressure reaches 0.5MPa, control piston (38) is pushed open.
3. according to hole bottom freezing cord coring drill claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that liquid nitrogen container (59) and freezing cavity (70) are the double-layer vacuum heat insulating construction.
4. a hole bottom freezing cord coring method that adopts hole bottom freezing cord coring drill claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A approaches when reaching the gas hydrates layer when creeping into, the outer pipe assembly that will assemble first is lowered in the hole, again with the inner tube assembly that assembles, inner tube assembly is lowered in the outer pipe assembly by drilling rod with fisher, after inner tube assembly arrives at the bottom of the hole, propose to spud in behind the fisher;
B, be full of rock core when basket, round trip finishes, termination of pumping, carry drilling rod, make described core drill lift from 80-100cm distance at the bottom of the hole, external splines (24) is down sliding 80-100mm under the Action of Gravity Field of pipe assembly outside, and the annular gap between inner tube assembly and outer pipe assembly is shut;
C, turn on pump, because the annular gap between inner tube assembly and outer pipe assembly is shut, flushing liquor is by the central passage of hollow mandrel (27), arrive control joint (37), promoting control piston (38) goes downwards in piston channel 3 current by pass (40) on every side, flushing liquor enters into piston cavity (49) through current by pass (40), pushing piston (47) is descending along piston cavity (49), it is descending that piston (47) promotes liquid nitrogen piston (56) by piston rod (48), liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container (59) is under liquid nitrogen piston (56) pressure-acting, push the one way valve steel ball (61) of liquid nitrogen container (59) bottom open, the through hole that the inclined hole (80) that is provided with through basket catcher (65) and axial hole (81) consist of, enter in the annulus between basket (71) and freezing cavity (70), the liquid nitrogen gasification heat absorption, by basket (71) and the pipe (72) that narrows that rock core is freezing to-20 ℃, the nitrogen that liquid nitrogen gasification forms is discharged by the outlet valve III (67) on the basket catcher (65);
D, after hole-bottom frozen 5-10 minute, be lowered to fisher on the earth's surface, inner tube assembly is salvaged to the earth's surface;
E, unload bottom end cover (78) and clip spring seat (75), the pipe (72) that will narrow is together extracted out in basket (71) together with core sample;
F, pipe (72) two ends that will narrow seal with plug, and core sample is preserved with nitrogen storage tank together with the pipe (72) that narrows.
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| CN 201010184043 CN101864916B (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2010-05-27 | Hole bottom freezing cord coring drill and coring method thereof |
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| CN 201010184043 CN101864916B (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2010-05-27 | Hole bottom freezing cord coring drill and coring method thereof |
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| CN101864916B true CN101864916B (en) | 2013-01-30 |
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