CN108360994B - Impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring drilling tool and method - Google Patents
Impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring drilling tool and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108360994B CN108360994B CN201810191870.XA CN201810191870A CN108360994B CN 108360994 B CN108360994 B CN 108360994B CN 201810191870 A CN201810191870 A CN 201810191870A CN 108360994 B CN108360994 B CN 108360994B
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- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 241001449342 Chlorocrambe hastata Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/08—Coating, freezing, consolidating cores; Recovering uncontaminated cores or cores at formation pressure
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring drilling tool and a method, belonging to the technical field of geological core drilling, wherein the coring drilling tool consists of an inner pipe assembly and an outer pipe assembly, the inner pipe assembly comprises a salvaging mechanism, a spring clip positioning mechanism, a hanging mechanism, a single-acting mechanism, a buffer mechanism, an impact mechanism and a hole bottom freezing mechanism, and the coring method adopts a refrigerating unit to circulate refrigerating refrigerant to freeze a natural gas hydrate core, so that quick freezing can be realized, the freezing efficiency is good, and compared with the traditional refrigerating mechanism, the refrigerant is uniformly refrigerated, and the cost and the auxiliary operation time caused by supplementing the refrigerant can be effectively reduced; the inner pipe assembly does not rotate in the drilling process, so that the damage of mechanical force generated by rotation of a drilling tool to the natural gas hydrate core is avoided, the flushing fluid is effectively prevented from flushing the natural gas hydrate core due to advanced drilling of the inner pipe, and the natural gas hydrate core taking rate, integrity and representativeness are improved more effectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geological core drilling, relates to an impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring drilling tool and a method, and is particularly suitable for freezing sampling of sea and land frozen soil with natural gas hydrate drilling.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the consumption of energy is also increasing, and conventional energy sources such as petroleum, coal and natural gas are consumed in a large amount, so that the conventional energy sources cannot continuously support the modern industry for a long time from the viewpoint of the residual reserves. The total carbon content of methane in the global seabed natural gas hydrate is equal to twice the total resource content of fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas which are currently known. Thus, natural gas hydrates are an important backup energy source that must be considered in the strategic development of energy resources in countries around the world. Alternative energy sources which become conventional energy sources such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like in the future are also commonly known by human beings. The first sea area natural gas hydrate test in China has achieved satisfactory success in the sea area of the south China sea-state fox, and has achieved historical breakthrough in developing natural gas hydrate in China, however, the successful test in sea area natural gas hydrate is only the first step of the Wanlichang, in order to achieve industrial development of natural gas hydrate in 2030, many problems still need to be overcome, and many key technologies need to be mastered.
One of the key points of the exploration and development research of the natural gas hydrate is a drilling sampling technology, and because drilling sampling is one of the most direct means for knowing the storage condition of the natural gas hydrate, only acquiring a natural gas hydrate sample with high fidelity can confirm the accuracy of the exploration, and is also an important basis for calculating reserves and formulating development schemes.
The formation and occurrence conditions of the natural gas hydrate are harsh, so that the difficulty of obtaining a natural gas hydrate sample with high fidelity is high. The prior fidelity sampler for obtaining the natural gas hydrate mainly comprises a hole bottom heat preservation pressure maintaining sampler and a hole bottom freezing sampler. The heat-preservation pressure-maintaining sampler at the bottom of the hole has high requirements on the strength and the tightness of the ball valve, once the tightness of the sampler is reduced, a core with high fidelity cannot be obtained, and the problem that the core is polluted and eroded by flushing fluid in the drilling process exists. The hole bottom freezing sampler needs to consume a large amount of refrigerant, and a large amount of gasification is accompanied in the process of refrigerant injection, so that the upper end and the lower end of the freezing cavity are easy to have uneven temperature, thereby having poor freezing effect and low freezing efficiency; each time the cryogen is injected, time and labor are wasted, labor cost is increased, and engineering progress is affected. Therefore, a new solution is needed in the prior art to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides an impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring drilling tool and method, which are stable and reliable in work, easy to realize actions, good in freezing effect, high in coring rate and high in coring fidelity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring drilling tool, its characterized in that: the core drilling tool consists of an inner pipe assembly and an outer pipe assembly, wherein the inner pipe assembly comprises a salvaging mechanism, a spring clip positioning mechanism, a hanging mechanism, a single-acting mechanism, a buffer mechanism, an impact mechanism and a hole bottom freezing mechanism.
The fishing mechanism comprises a fishing spear, a first elastic pin and a spring clip recovery pipe, wherein the fishing spear is hinged with the spring clip recovery pipe through the first elastic pin; the fisher is connected with the spearhead after being put into the hole; the spring clip recovery pipe is lifted and lowered along the vertical direction under the action of self gravity and the pull force of the fisher;
the elastic card positioning mechanism comprises a second elastic pin, an elastic card blocking head, a torsion spring, elastic cards, a third elastic pin and an elastic card frame, wherein the elastic card frame is hinged with the elastic card recovery pipe through the second elastic pin, the second elastic pin is movably connected with the elastic card frame, the second elastic pin is fixedly connected with the elastic card recovery pipe, the number of the elastic cards is two, the two elastic cards are clamped on the elastic card blocking head, the two elastic cards are rotationally connected through the third elastic pin, the elastic card factor torsion spring is kept open in the elastic card frame, and the third elastic pin is fixedly connected with the elastic card frame;
the suspension mechanism comprises a spring clamping frame, an inner catcher, a first suspension ring and a first seat ring, wherein the inner catcher is connected with the spring clamping frame through threads, meanwhile, the inner catcher is connected with the first suspension ring through threads, eight inclined holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the inner catcher, four inclined holes are formed in the upper portion of the first suspension ring, the other four inclined holes are formed in the lower portion of the first suspension ring, after the first suspension ring is contacted with the first seat ring, a circulation channel between the inner pipe and the outer pipe is blocked, mud enters through the inclined holes in the upper portion of the inner joint, and mud flows out from the inclined holes in the lower portion of the inner joint to complete mud circulation; the first suspension ring is in contact connection with the first seat ring, and the contact connection enables the inner pipe assembly to be suspended in the outer pipe assembly;
the single-acting mechanism comprises an upper bearing seat, a lower bearing seat, a first bearing, a second bearing and a nipple, wherein the upper bearing seat is connected with an inner joint through threads; the upper part of the first bearing is contacted with the upper bearing seat and rotates along with the upper bearing seat, and the lower part of the first bearing is contacted with the lower bearing seat and kept motionless; the upper part of the second bearing is contacted with the lower bearing seat; the oil nozzle is in threaded contact with the lower bearing seat, and lubricating oil is injected into gaps between the first bearing and the upper bearing seat and between the second bearing and the lower bearing seat through the oil nozzle;
the buffer mechanism comprises a spring, a baffle ring, a gasket and a round nut, wherein the round nut is in threaded connection with the upper bearing seat, the baffle ring is fixed at the lower step of the upper bearing seat through the gasket, the lower part of the spring is contacted with the baffle ring, and the upper part of the spring is contacted with the second bearing seat;
the impact mechanism comprises an electric impactor, a power supply, a connecting rod, electrodes, wires, an inner nut baffle, a baffle sealing ring, a first cavity tube, a second cavity tube and a second drill bit, wherein the electrodes are positioned in an inner through hole of the power supply, and the positive electrodes are positioned above the negative electrodes and respectively contacted with the two wires in the connecting rod; the connecting rod passes through a through hole in the power supply and is in threaded connection with the power supply cavity tube, the power supply is movably connected with the refrigerating unit and the electric impactor in sequence through a lead wire arranged in the connecting rod, and the power supply is fixed in the power supply cavity tube; the inner nut baffle is in threaded connection with the power supply cavity tube, and a baffle sealing ring is arranged in the middle of the inner nut baffle; the second cavity tube is in threaded connection with the first cavity tube; the second drill bit is connected with the second cavity tube through threads; the electric impactor is fixed in the first cavity tube; when a first cavity tube in the inner tube assembly moves upwards along the connecting rod to be in contact with the power cavity tube, the upper limit of the stroke of the first cavity tube is reached, at the moment, a lead is connected with a power supply and an electric impactor, the electric impactor starts to work, and the impact force of the electric impactor is transmitted to a second drill bit through a second cavity tube to perform impact drilling;
the hole bottom freezing mechanism comprises a refrigerating unit, a power supply, a connecting rod, a wire, a freezing cavity, a vacuum cavity, a refrigerant input pipe, a refrigerant output pipe, a core barrel, a clamp spring seat, a check valve ball and a check valve seat, wherein the lower part of the connecting rod sequentially penetrates through a first cavity pipe, the refrigerating unit, a damping gasket, an electric impactor and a second cavity pipe and is movably connected with the first cavity pipe, and a sealing ring is arranged between the connecting rod and the first cavity pipe; the refrigerating unit is fixedly connected with the first cavity pipe through a positioning bolt, the lower end of the connecting rod is in contact with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity pipe, the lower limit of the stroke of the first cavity pipe is reached, a gap for flushing liquid to pass through is reserved between the second suspension ring and the second seat ring, at the moment, a wire is connected with the refrigerating unit and a power supply, the refrigerating cavity and the vacuum cavity are positioned in the second cavity pipe, the refrigerating cavity and the vacuum cavity are coaxially arranged, the vacuum cavity is positioned outside the refrigerating cavity, and the refrigerating cavity is communicated with the refrigerating unit through a refrigerant input pipe and a refrigerant output pipe to form a refrigerant circulation system; when the natural gas hydrate core is pulled off, the lower end of the connecting rod is contacted with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity tube, namely the lower limit of the stroke of the first cavity tube is reached, and the second suspension ring is contacted with the second seat ring; the second cavity pipe is connected with the second suspension ring through threads, and the core barrel is connected with the clamp spring seat through threads; the check valve ball is arranged at the lower part of the connecting rod through a check valve seat; the clamping spring seat is arranged in the conical hole of the clamping spring seat;
the outer tube assembly comprises a spring blocking head, a first outer tube, a first reamer, a second outer tube, a second hanging ring and a first drill bit, wherein the spring blocking head is connected with the first outer tube through threads, the first outer tube is connected with the first reamer through threads, the second reamer is connected with the second outer tube through threads, the second outer tube is connected with the second hanging ring through threads, and the second reamer is connected with the first drill bit through threads.
The connecting rod moves linearly in the hole of the second cavity tube; the freezing chamber is a chamber for storing a refrigerant.
The impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring method is characterized by adopting the coring drilling tool, and specifically comprises the following steps of:
a. firstly, detaching the connecting rod and the inner nut baffle plate from the power cavity pipe on the well platform, loading the filled power into the power cavity pipe, and checking whether the sealing performance of the baffle plate sealing ring meets the sealing requirement;
b. injecting lubricating oil into gaps between the first bearing and the upper bearing seat and between the second bearing and the lower bearing seat through the oil nozzle;
c. lowering the inner tube assembly into the hole for drilling;
d. the lower end of the connecting rod is kept in contact with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity tube until the first cavity tube is in contact with the power supply cavity tube, at the moment, a wire in the connecting rod is communicated with the electric impactor, the electric impactor starts to work, the wire cannot be communicated with the electric impactor after the electric impactor impacts to a certain depth, the electric impactor stops working, and the electric impactor starts to work after the drilling depth of the outer tube and the drilling depth of the inner tube reach a certain distance;
e. after drilling is finished, putting the fishing device into a fishing hook on the fishing device, locking the fishing spearhead, lifting the inner pipe assembly after locking, enabling the first cavity pipe and a drilling tool below the first cavity pipe to move downwards relative to the fishing spearhead under the action of self gravity, continuously lifting the inner pipe assembly until the second suspension ring contacts with the second seat ring when the moving length of the inner pipe assembly is equal to the stroke of the first cavity pipe, enabling the force born by the connecting rod to reach the maximum value, and enabling the force for pulling out the natural gas hydrate core to be transmitted to the outer pipe, wherein at the same time, a lead in the connecting rod is communicated with a power supply and a refrigerating unit, and the refrigerating unit starts circulating the natural gas hydrate core;
f. after the natural gas hydrate core is pulled out, the lower end surface of the connecting rod is kept in contact with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity tube, and the refrigerating unit continuously circularly refrigerates the natural gas hydrate core at the moment;
g. and after the inner pipe assembly reaches the ground, the power supply is disconnected from the refrigerating unit and the electric impactor, and the clamping spring seat is detached to take out the frozen natural gas hydrate core and then put the core into a liquid nitrogen tank for storage.
When the rock core is salvaged, the first cavity pipe descends to the stroke lower limit of the first cavity pipe, the lead connects the refrigerating unit with the power supply, the refrigerating unit circulates the refrigerant, and the refrigerant realizes the refrigeration of the natural gas hydrate rock core through heat exchange.
Through the design scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the natural gas hydrate core is frozen by adopting the circulating refrigeration refrigerant of the refrigerating unit, so that quick freezing can be realized, the freezing efficiency is good, and compared with the traditional refrigeration mechanism, the circulating use of the refrigerant is uniform in refrigeration, and the cost and the auxiliary operation time caused by the supplement of the refrigerant can be effectively reduced; the inner pipe assembly does not rotate in the drilling process, so that the damage of mechanical force generated by rotation of a drilling tool to the natural gas hydrate core is avoided, the flushing fluid is effectively prevented from flushing the natural gas hydrate core due to advanced drilling of the inner pipe, and the natural gas hydrate core taking rate, integrity and representativeness are improved more effectively.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a undue limitation of the invention, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring drilling tool of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the upper section of the impact rotary natural gas hydrate bottom-hole frozen rope coring drilling tool of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a mid-section portion of an impact rotary natural gas hydrate downhole frozen rope coring drilling tool of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a lower section of an impact rotary natural gas hydrate downhole frozen rope coring drilling tool of the present invention.
The figures are marked as follows: the drill bit comprises a 1-fishing spearhead, a 2-first elastic pin, a 3-bullet clip recovery pipe, a 4-second elastic pin, a 5-bullet clip stop, a 6-torsion spring, a 7-bullet clip, an 8-third elastic pin, a 9-bullet clip frame, a 10-first outer pipe, an 11-inner connector, a 12-first suspension ring, a 13-first seat ring, a 14-first bearing, a 15-upper bearing seat, a 16-oil nozzle, a 17-second bearing seat, a 18-lower bearing seat, a 19-spring, a 20-baffle ring, a 21-gasket, a 22-round nut, a 23-power cavity pipe, a 24-power supply, a 25-connecting rod, a 26-electrode, a 27-inner nut baffle, a 28-baffle sealing ring, a 29-second outer pipe, a 30-lead, a 31-first cavity pipe, a 32-refrigeration unit, a 33-positioning bolt, a 34-refrigerant input pipe, a 35-damping gasket, a 36-electric impactor, a 37-second cavity pipe, a 38-check valve ball, a 39-check valve seat, a 40-cavity seat, a 41-second cavity, a 42-second impactor, a second seat ring, a 45-retainer, a second reamer, a 45-retainer ring, a 45-46, a second reamer seat, a 45-anchor ring, a 45-reamer, a second reamer seat, a 46, a 45-anchor ring, a 45-reamer seat, a 46-reamer, a 46-anchor ring and a second reamer.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring drilling tool provided by the invention is composed of an inner pipe assembly and an outer pipe assembly, wherein the inner pipe assembly comprises a salvaging mechanism, a spring clamping positioning mechanism, a hanging mechanism, a single-acting mechanism, a buffer mechanism, an impact mechanism and a hole bottom freezing mechanism.
The fishing mechanism comprises a fishing spearhead 1, a first elastic pin 2 and a spring clip recovery pipe 3, wherein the fishing spearhead 1 is hinged with the spring clip recovery pipe 3 through the first elastic pin 2; the fisher is connected with the spearhead 1 after being put into the hole; the spring clip recovery pipe 3 is lifted and lowered along the vertical direction under the action of self gravity and the pull force of the fisher; the salvaging mechanism is connected with the salvaging mechanism through a salvaging device to realize the process of putting the inner pipe assembly of the drilling tool into the hole and recycling the inner pipe assembly; meanwhile, when the salvaging device is lifted by the salvaging device, the connecting rod 25 is driven to move upwards, so that the refrigerating unit 32 is connected with the power supply 24, and then the natural gas hydrate core is refrigerated by circulating refrigerant, and the process of freezing rope coring is realized.
The spring clip positioning mechanism comprises a second elastic pin 4, a spring clip blocking head 5, a torsion spring 6, spring clips 7, a third elastic pin 8 and a spring clip frame 9, wherein the spring clip frame 9 is hinged with the spring clip recovery tube 3 through the second elastic pin 4, the second elastic pin 4 is movably connected with the spring clip frame 9, the second elastic pin 4 is fixedly connected with the spring clip recovery tube 3, the number of the spring clips 7 is two, the two spring clips 7 are clamped on the spring clip blocking head 5, the two spring clips 7 are in rotary connection through the third elastic pin 8, the spring clips 7 are kept open in the spring clip frame 9 due to the torsion spring 6, and the third elastic pin 8 is fixedly connected with the spring clip frame 9; because the two spring clips 7 are blocked on the spring clip blocking heads 5, the inner pipe assembly cannot move upwards due to upward force generated when the natural gas hydrate core enters the core barrel 45 in the drilling process.
The suspension mechanism comprises a spring clamping frame 9, an inner joint hand 11, a first suspension ring 12 and a first seat ring 13, wherein the inner joint hand 11 is connected with the spring clamping frame 9 through threads, meanwhile, the inner joint hand 11 is connected with the first suspension ring 12 through threads, eight inclined holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the inner joint hand 11, four inclined holes are formed above the first suspension ring 12, the other four inclined holes are formed below the first suspension ring 12, after the first suspension ring 12 is contacted with the first seat ring 13, a circulation channel between an inner pipe and an outer pipe is blocked, mud enters through the inclined holes at the upper part of the inner joint hand 11, and the mud flows out from the inclined holes at the lower part of the inner joint hand 11 to complete mud circulation; the first suspension ring 12 is in contact connection with the first seat ring 13, which allows the inner tube assembly to be suspended within the outer tube assembly;
the single-acting mechanism comprises an upper bearing seat 15, a lower bearing seat 18, a first bearing 14, a second bearing 17 and a nozzle tip 16, wherein the upper bearing seat 15 is connected with the inner joint 11 through threads; the upper part of the first bearing 14 is contacted with the upper bearing seat 15 and rotates along with the upper bearing seat 15, and the lower part of the first bearing 14 is contacted with the lower bearing seat 18 and kept motionless; when the natural gas hydrate core is clamped in the core tube 45, the first bearing 14 bears an upward pushing force, the force is transmitted to the outer tube through the spring clamp 7, and the upper part of the second bearing 17 is contacted with the lower bearing seat 18; the second bearing 17 provides an upper jacking force so that the lower bearing seat 18 does not move downwards, the oil nozzle 16 is in threaded contact with the lower bearing seat 18, and lubricating oil is injected into gaps between the first bearing 14 and the upper bearing seat 15 and between the second bearing 17 and the lower bearing seat 18 through the oil nozzle 16; the core tube 45 can be single-acting due to the existence of the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 17, so that disturbance of natural gas hydrate is avoided;
the buffer mechanism comprises a spring 19, a baffle ring 20, a gasket 21 and a round nut 22, wherein the round nut 22 is in threaded connection with the upper bearing seat 15, the baffle ring 20 is fixed at the lower step of the upper bearing seat 15 through the gasket 21, the lower part of the spring 19 is contacted with the baffle ring 20, and the upper part of the spring 19 is contacted with the second bearing 17; the lower part of the spring 19 can not move downwards due to contact with the baffle ring 20, the upper part of the spring 19 is limited due to contact with the second bearing 17, when the inner pipe assembly is lowered into the hole, the first suspension ring 12 is located on the first seat ring 13, the lower part of the inner pipe assembly, namely a mechanism of the lower part of the inner nut baffle plate 27, moves downwards due to self weight, the spring 19 can play a role in buffering, and a certain gap is reserved between the second suspension ring 43 and the second seat ring 44 as a mud flow channel; when the natural gas hydrate core is broken, the clamping spring 47 drives the clamping spring seat 48 to move downwards to compress the spring 19, and the second suspension ring 43 is contacted with the second seat ring 44, so that the force for pulling out the natural gas hydrate core is transferred to the outer tube.
The impact mechanism comprises an electric impactor 36, a power supply 24, a connecting rod 25, an electrode 26, a lead 30, an inner nut baffle 27, a baffle sealing ring 28, a first cavity tube 31, a second cavity tube 37 and a second drill bit 49, wherein the electrode 26 is positioned in an inner through hole of the power supply 24, and the anode is positioned above the cathode and is respectively contacted with the two leads 30 in the connecting rod 25; the connecting rod 25 passes through a through hole in the power supply 24 to be in threaded connection with the power supply cavity tube 23, the power supply 24 is in movable connection with the refrigerating unit 32 and the electric impactor 36 in sequence through a lead 30 arranged in the connecting rod 25, and the power supply 24 is fixed in the power supply cavity tube 23; the inner nut baffle 27 is in threaded connection with the power supply cavity tube 23, and a baffle sealing ring 28 is arranged in the middle of the inner nut baffle 27; the second cavity tube 37 is in threaded connection with the first cavity tube 31; the second drill 49 is threadedly connected to the second cavity tube 37; the electric impactor 36 is fixed in the first cavity tube 31; when the first cavity tube 31 in the inner tube assembly moves upwards along the connecting rod 25 to be in contact with the power cavity tube 23, the upper limit of the travel of the first cavity tube 31 is reached, the lead 30 is connected with the power supply 24 and the electric impactor 36, the electric impactor 36 starts to work, and the impact force of the electric impactor 36 is transmitted to the second drill bit 49 through the second cavity tube 37 for impact drilling;
the hole bottom freezing mechanism comprises a refrigerating unit 32, a power supply 24, a connecting rod 25, a lead 30, a freezing cavity 40, a vacuum cavity 41, a refrigerant input pipe 34, a refrigerant output pipe 51, a core barrel 45, a clamp spring 47, a clamp spring seat 48, a check valve ball 38 and a check valve seat 39, wherein the lower part of the connecting rod 25 sequentially passes through a first cavity pipe 31, the refrigerating unit 32, a damping gasket 35, an electric impactor 36 and a second cavity pipe 37 and is movably connected with the first cavity pipe 31, a sealing ring is arranged between the connecting rod 25 and the first cavity pipe 31, and liquid can be prevented from entering the first cavity pipe 31 due to the existence of the sealing ring between the connecting rod 25 and the first cavity pipe 31; the refrigerating unit 32 is fixedly connected with the first cavity tube 31 through the positioning bolt 33, the lower end part of the connecting rod 25 is contacted with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity tube 37, namely, the lower limit of the travel of the first cavity tube 31 is reached, when the first cavity tube 31 reaches the lower limit of the travel, a certain gap is reserved between the second suspension ring 43 and the second seat ring 44 for flushing fluid to pass through, at the moment, the wire 30 is connected with the refrigerating unit 32 and the power supply 24, the refrigerating unit 32 starts to work, the refrigerant enters the refrigerating cavity through the refrigerant output tube 51 and then enters the refrigerating unit 32 through the refrigerant input tube 34 to complete refrigeration cycle, the refrigerating cavity 40 and the vacuum cavity 41 are positioned in the second cavity tube 37, the refrigerating cavity 40 and the vacuum cavity 41 are coaxially arranged, the vacuum cavity 41 is positioned outside the refrigerating cavity 40, the refrigerating cavity 40 is respectively communicated with the refrigerating unit 32 through the refrigerant input tube 34 and the refrigerant output tube 51 to form a refrigerant circulation system, and the natural gas hydrate core is frozen through heat exchange between the refrigerant and the natural gas hydrate core, and the loss of most of cold quantity is avoided due to the existence of the outer layer cavity 41; when the natural gas hydrate core is pulled off, the lower end of the connecting rod 25 reaches the lower limit of the travel of the first cavity tube 31 when contacting with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity tube 37, and the second suspension ring 43 contacts with the second seat ring 44; the second cavity tube 37 is connected with the second suspension ring 43 through threads, and the core barrel 45 is connected with the clamp spring seat 48 through threads; the check valve ball 38 is mounted at the lower part of the connecting rod 25 through a check valve seat 39; the clamping spring 47 is arranged in the conical hole of the clamping spring seat 48; when the natural gas hydrate core is pulled out, the lower end part of the connecting rod 25 is contacted with the top surface in the inner cavity of the second cavity tube 37, namely the first cavity tube 31 reaches the lower limit of the stroke, the second suspension ring 43 is contacted with the second seat ring 44, and at the moment, the flushing fluid circulation is blocked, and the pumping pressure is increased; after the natural gas hydrate core is pulled off, the second suspension ring 43 is separated from the second seat ring 44 due to the restoring force of the spring 19, the flushing fluid passage is opened, and the pumping pressure is restored to normal. The first cavity tube 31 is connected with the second cavity tube 37 through threads, the second cavity tube 37 is connected with the second suspension ring 43 through threads, the second drill bit 49 is connected with the second cavity tube 37 through threads, and the core barrel 45 is connected with the clamp spring seat 48 through threads. Due to the presence of the non-return valve at the lower part of the connecting rod 25, liquid and gas in the core barrel 45 can be discharged therefrom during drilling. The clamping spring 47 is arranged in a conical hole of the clamping spring seat 48, the clamping spring 47 locks the core column after drilling is finished, the force is transmitted to the second drill bit 49 through the clamping spring seat 48 by the clamping spring 47, and then the force for pulling out the natural gas hydrate core is transmitted to the outer tube through the second suspension ring 43 and the second seat ring 44, so that the inner tube assembly is not stressed.
The outer tube assembly comprises a snap-in head 5, a first outer tube 10, a first reamer 50, a second reamer 42, a second outer tube 29, a second suspension ring 43 and a first drill bit 46, wherein the snap-in head 5 is in threaded connection with the first outer tube 10, the first outer tube 10 is in threaded connection with the first reamer 50, the second reamer 42 is in threaded connection with the second outer tube 29, the second outer tube 29 is in threaded connection with the second suspension ring 43, and the second reamer 42 is in threaded connection with the first drill bit 46.
The coring method of the invention comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, detaching the connecting rod 25 and the inner nut baffle 27 from the power cavity tube 23 on the well platform, loading the filled power supply 24 into the power cavity tube 23, avoiding the entry of moisture in the loading process, and checking the sealing performance of the sealing ring 28;
b. injecting lubricating oil into gaps between the first bearing 14 and the upper bearing seat 15 and between the second bearing 17 and the lower bearing seat 18 through the oil nozzle 16; the requirements of lubrication, heat dissipation and water resistance of the bearing in the rotation process are met;
c. lowering the inner tube assembly into the hole for drilling;
d. in the falling process, the lower end of the connecting rod 25 is kept in contact with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity tube 37 until the first cavity tube 31 is in contact with the power cavity tube 23, at the moment, the lead 30 in the connecting rod 25 is communicated with the electric impactor 36, the electric impactor 36 starts to work, each time the electric impactor 36 impacts to a certain depth, the lead 30 cannot be communicated with the electric impactor 36 until the drilling depth of the outer tube and the drilling depth of the inner tube reach a certain distance, the electric impactor 36 starts to work again, the safety of drilling equipment is ensured, the inner tube does not rotate along with the outer tube rotation drilling during impact drilling due to the synergistic effect of the upper first bearing 14 and the second bearing 17, and flushing fluid flowing through a gap between the inner tube and the outer tube is difficult to flush to natural gas hydrate due to advanced drilling of the inner tube, so that the natural gas hydrate core is prevented from being polluted and eroded by the flushing fluid, and the rock sample is guaranteed to the greatest extent;
e. after drilling is finished, the fishing tool is put into the fishing tool, a fishing hook on the fishing tool locks the fishing spearhead 1, the inner pipe assembly is lifted up after locking, the first cavity pipe 31 and a drilling tool below move downwards relative to the fishing spearhead 1 due to self gravity, when the length of the lifting inner pipe assembly is equal to the stroke of the lower end of the connecting rod 25, the stress of the inner pipe is changed when the lifting inner pipe assembly is continuously lifted, the lifting force of the connecting rod 25 and the downward static friction force of a natural gas hydrate core are received, at the moment, the upper spring 19 generates compression deformation until the second suspension ring 43 is contacted with the second seat ring 44, at the moment, the force received by the core member connecting rod 25 reaches the maximum value, and the force for pulling the natural gas hydrate core is transmitted to the outer pipe to protect the connecting rod 25 and the inner pipe from being damaged; meanwhile, the lead 30 in the connecting rod 25 is communicated with the power supply 24 and the refrigerating unit 32, and the refrigerating unit 32 starts to circularly refrigerate the natural gas hydrate core;
f. when the natural gas hydrate core is pulled out, the lower end surface of the connecting rod 25 keeps contact with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity tube 37, and the refrigerating unit 32 continuously and circularly refrigerates the natural gas hydrate core at the moment, so that the natural gas hydrate core is ensured not to be decomposed in the lifting process;
g. when the inner tube assembly reaches the ground, the power supply 24 is not connected with the refrigerating unit 32 and the electric impactor 36, and the clamping spring seat 48 is rapidly detached to take out the frozen natural gas hydrate core and store the core in a liquid nitrogen tank.
According to the impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring drilling tool and the method, when the natural gas hydrate core is extracted, the refrigerating unit 32 is connected with the power supply 24 to circulate the refrigerant in the refrigerating and freezing cavity 40, the temperature of the natural gas hydrate core is kept unchanged by heat exchange by the refrigerant, so that the decomposition of the natural gas hydrate is inhibited, quick freezing can be realized, the freezing effect is good, and compared with the traditional refrigerating mechanism, the recycling of the refrigerant, the cost and the auxiliary operation time caused by the supplement of the refrigerant can be effectively reduced; rope coring and hole bottom freezing are combined, so that quick coring without lifting a drill is realized; when drilling, the lead 30 in the connecting rod 25 is communicated with the electric impactor 36, the electric impactor 36 starts to work, and whenever the electric impactor 36 impacts to a certain depth, the lead cannot be communicated with the electric impactor 36 until the drilling depth of the outer tube and the drilling depth of the inner tube reach a certain distance, and then the lead starts to work, so that the safety of drilling equipment is ensured.
Claims (2)
1. The method is characterized in that a coring drilling tool adopted by the method consists of an inner pipe assembly and an outer pipe assembly, wherein the inner pipe assembly comprises a salvaging mechanism, a spring clamping positioning mechanism, a hanging mechanism, a single-acting mechanism, a buffer mechanism, an impact mechanism and a hole bottom freezing mechanism;
the fishing mechanism comprises a fishing spearhead (1), a first elastic pin (2) and a spring clip recovery pipe (3), wherein the fishing spearhead (1) is hinged with the spring clip recovery pipe (3) through the first elastic pin (2); the fisher is connected with the spearhead (1) after being put into the hole; the spring clip recovery pipe (3) is lifted and lowered along the vertical direction under the action of self gravity and the pull force of the fisher;
the elastic card positioning mechanism comprises a second elastic pin (4), an elastic card blocking head (5), a torsion spring (6), elastic cards (7), a third elastic pin (8) and an elastic card frame (9), wherein the elastic card frame (9) is hinged with the elastic card recovery tube (3) through the second elastic pin (4), the second elastic pin (4) is movably connected with the elastic card frame (9), the second elastic pin (4) is fixedly connected with the elastic card recovery tube (3), the number of the elastic cards (7) is two, the two elastic cards (7) are clamped on the elastic card blocking head (5), the two elastic cards (7) are in rotary connection through the third elastic pin (8), the elastic cards (7) are kept open in the elastic card frame (9) due to the torsion spring (6), and the third elastic pin (8) is fixedly connected with the elastic card frame (9);
the suspension mechanism comprises a spring clamping frame (9), an inner joint hand (11), a first suspension ring (12) and a first seat ring (13), wherein the inner joint hand (11) is connected with the spring clamping frame (9) through threads, meanwhile, the inner joint hand (11) is connected with the first suspension ring (12) through threads, eight inclined holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the inner joint hand (11), four inclined holes are formed in the upper portion of the first suspension ring (12), the other four inclined holes are formed in the lower portion of the first suspension ring (12), after the first suspension ring (12) is in contact with the first seat ring (13), a circulation channel between an inner pipe and an outer pipe is blocked, mud enters through the inclined holes in the upper portion of the inner joint hand (11), and mud flows out of the inclined holes in the lower portion of the inner joint hand (11) to complete mud circulation; the first suspension ring (12) is in contact connection with the first seat ring (13), and the contact connection enables the inner tube assembly to be suspended in the outer tube assembly;
the single-acting mechanism comprises an upper bearing seat (15), a lower bearing seat (18), a first bearing (14), a second bearing (17) and a nozzle (16), wherein the upper bearing seat (15) is connected with the inner joint (11) through threads; the upper part of the first bearing (14) is contacted with the upper bearing seat (15) and rotates along with the upper bearing seat (15), and the lower part of the first bearing (14) is contacted with the lower bearing seat (18) and keeps motionless; the upper part of the second bearing (17) is contacted with the lower bearing seat (18); the oil nozzle (16) is in threaded contact with the lower bearing seat (18), and lubricating oil is injected into gaps between the first bearing (14) and the upper bearing seat (15) and between the second bearing (17) and the lower bearing seat (18) through the oil nozzle (16);
the buffer mechanism comprises a spring (19), a baffle ring (20), a gasket (21) and a round nut (22), wherein the round nut (22) is in threaded connection with the upper bearing seat (15), the baffle ring (20) is fixed at the step of the lower part of the upper bearing seat (15) through the gasket (21), the lower part of the spring (19) is contacted with the baffle ring (20), and the upper part of the spring (19) is contacted with the second bearing (17);
the impact mechanism comprises an electric impactor (36), a power supply (24), a connecting rod (25), an electrode (26), a lead (30), an inner nut baffle (27), a baffle sealing ring (28), a first cavity tube (31), a second cavity tube (37) and a second drill bit (49), wherein the electrode (26) is positioned in an inner through hole of the power supply (24), and the positive electrode is positioned above the negative electrode and is respectively contacted with the two leads (30) in the connecting rod (25); the connecting rod (25) passes through a through hole in the power supply (24) to be in threaded connection with the power supply cavity tube (23), the power supply (24) is movably connected with the refrigerating unit (32) and the electric impactor (36) in sequence through a lead (30) arranged in the connecting rod (25), and the power supply (24) is fixed in the power supply cavity tube (23); the inner nut baffle (27) is in threaded connection with the power supply cavity tube (23), and a baffle sealing ring (28) is arranged in the middle of the inner nut baffle (27); the second cavity tube (37) is in threaded connection with the first cavity tube (31); the second drill bit (49) is connected with the second cavity tube (37) through threads; the electric impactor (36) is fixed in the first cavity tube (31); when a first cavity tube (31) in the inner tube assembly moves upwards along the connecting rod (25) to be in contact with the power cavity tube (23), the upper limit of the travel of the first cavity tube (31) is reached, at the moment, the lead (30) is connected with the power supply (24) and the electric impactor (36), the electric impactor (36) starts to work, and the impact force of the electric impactor (36) is transmitted to the second drill bit (49) through the second cavity tube (37) for impact drilling;
the hole bottom freezing mechanism comprises a refrigerating unit (32), a power supply (24), a connecting rod (25), a wire (30), a freezing cavity (40), a vacuum cavity (41), a refrigerant input pipe (34), a refrigerant output pipe (51), a core barrel (45), a clamp spring (47), a clamp spring seat (48), a check valve ball (38) and a check valve seat (39), wherein the lower part of the connecting rod (25) sequentially penetrates through a first cavity pipe (31), the refrigerating unit (32), a shock absorption gasket (35), an electric impactor (36) and a second cavity pipe (37) and is movably connected with the first cavity pipe, and a sealing ring is arranged between the connecting rod (25) and the first cavity pipe (31); the refrigerating unit (32) is fixedly connected with the first cavity tube (31) through a positioning bolt (33), the lower end of the connecting rod (25) is contacted with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity tube (37), the lower limit of the travel of the first cavity tube (31) is reached, a gap for flushing fluid to pass through is reserved between the second suspension ring (43) and the second seat ring (44), at the moment, the wire (30) is communicated with the refrigerating unit (32) and the power supply (24), the refrigerating cavity (40) and the vacuum cavity (41) are positioned in the second cavity tube (37), the refrigerating cavity (40) and the vacuum cavity (41) are coaxially arranged, the vacuum cavity (41) is positioned outside the refrigerating cavity (40), and the refrigerating cavity (40) is communicated with the refrigerating unit (32) through a refrigerant input tube (34) and a refrigerant output tube (51) respectively to form a refrigerant circulation system; when the natural gas hydrate core is pulled off, the second suspension ring (43) is contacted with the second seat ring (44); the second cavity tube (37) is connected with the second suspension ring (43) through threads, and the core tube (45) is connected with the clamp spring seat (48) through threads; the check valve ball (38) is arranged at the lower part of the connecting rod (25) through a check valve seat (39); the clamping spring (47) is arranged in a conical hole of the clamping spring seat (48);
the outer tube assembly comprises a snap-in head (5), a first outer tube (10), a first reamer (50), a second reamer (42), a second outer tube (29), a second suspension ring (43) and a first drill bit (46), wherein the snap-in head (5) is connected with the first outer tube (10) through threads, the first outer tube (10) is connected with the first reamer (50) through threads, the second reamer (42) is connected with the second outer tube (29) through threads, the second outer tube (29) is connected with the second suspension ring (43) through threads, and the second reamer (42) is connected with the first drill bit (46) through threads;
the connecting rod (25) moves linearly in the hole of the second cavity tube (37); the freezing cavity (40) is a cavity for storing a refrigerant;
the impact rotary type natural gas hydrate hole bottom freezing rope coring method specifically comprises the following steps of:
a. firstly, detaching a connecting rod (25) and an inner nut baffle (27) from a power cavity pipe (23) on a well platform, loading a filled power supply (24) into the power cavity pipe (23), and checking whether the sealing performance of a baffle sealing ring (28) meets the sealing requirement;
b. injecting lubricating oil into gaps between the first bearing (14) and the upper bearing seat (15) and between the second bearing (17) and the lower bearing seat (18) through the oil nozzle (16);
c. lowering the inner tube assembly into the hole for drilling;
d. the lower end of the connecting rod (25) is kept in contact with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity tube (37) until the first cavity tube (31) is in contact with the power cavity tube (23), at the moment, the lead (30) in the connecting rod (25) is communicated with the electric impactor (36), the electric impactor (36) starts to work, after the electric impactor (36) impacts to a certain depth, the lead (30) cannot be communicated with the electric impactor (36), the electric impactor (36) stops working until the drilling depth of the outer tube and the drilling depth of the inner tube reach a certain distance, and then the electric impactor (36) starts to work;
e. after drilling is finished, putting the fisher into a salvaging hook on the salvaging device, locking the salvaging spearhead (1), lifting the inner pipe assembly after locking, enabling the first cavity pipe (31) and a drilling tool below the first cavity pipe to move downwards relative to the salvaging spearhead (1) under the action of self gravity, continuously lifting the inner pipe assembly until the second suspension ring (43) is in contact with the second seat ring (44) when the moving length of the inner pipe assembly is equal to the stroke of the first cavity pipe (31), enabling the force born by the connecting rod (25) to reach the maximum value, and pulling out the force of the natural gas hydrate core to be transmitted to the outer pipe, wherein at the same time, a lead wire (30) in the connecting rod (25) is communicated with a power supply (24) and a refrigerating unit (32), and the refrigerating unit (32) starts to circularly refrigerate the natural gas hydrate core;
f. after the natural gas hydrate core is pulled out, the lower end surface of the connecting rod (25) is kept in contact with the top surface of the inner cavity of the second cavity tube (37), and the refrigerating unit (32) continuously circularly refrigerates the natural gas hydrate core at the moment;
g. and after the inner pipe assembly reaches the ground, the power supply (24) is disconnected from the refrigerating unit (32) and the electric impactor (36), the clamping spring seat (48) is detached, and the frozen natural gas hydrate core is taken out and then put into a liquid nitrogen tank for storage.
2. The impact rotary natural gas hydrate bottom-hole frozen rope coring method as recited in claim 1, wherein: when the rock core is salvaged, the first cavity pipe (31) descends to the stroke lower limit of the first cavity pipe (31), the lead (30) is used for connecting the refrigerating unit (32) with the power supply (24), the refrigerating unit (32) circulates the refrigerant, and the refrigerant realizes the refrigeration of the natural gas hydrate rock core through heat exchange.
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| CN109113612B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-06-12 | 吉林大学 | Hammer type freezing and pressure maintaining double-acting rope sampling drilling tool and method for natural gas hydrate |
| CN109098679B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-06-30 | 吉林大学 | Marine natural gas hydrate phase-change refrigeration rope coring drilling tool and coring method |
| CN109113613B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-06-12 | 吉林大学 | Natural gas hydrate rotary type freezing pressure maintaining rope coring drilling tool and coring method |
| CN109751003B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2021-05-07 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Safe rotary pressure-maintaining coring method for ocean drilling |
| CN110219612B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2023-11-28 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Submarine pressure-maintaining coring drilling tool inner pipe and operation method |
| CN111577182B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-03-29 | 北京探矿工程研究所 | Deep sea hard rock efficient rope coring system and coring drilling method thereof |
| CN112162578A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-01 | 西南石油大学 | Temperature control device for hydrate solid fluidization exploitation simulation pipeline fluid |
| CN115822493A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-03-21 | 大连理工大学 | Shipborne CT pressure maintaining sampling device coupled with electrical analysis and working method |
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