CN107629053B - 烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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CN107629053B
CN107629053B CN201710931393.1A CN201710931393A CN107629053B CN 107629053 B CN107629053 B CN 107629053B CN 201710931393 A CN201710931393 A CN 201710931393A CN 107629053 B CN107629053 B CN 107629053B
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sophoridine
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CN107629053A (zh
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王立升
许亦明
高明焱
王浩东
谢鹏
江俊
刘旭
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Guangxi University
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Abstract

本发明公开了烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物，还公开了该衍生物的制备方法和在制药中的应用。

Description

烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物制备方法和用途
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学与药物治疗学领域，具体涉及一种烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物制备方法和用途。该类化合物具有抗肿瘤作用，可用于制备抗肿瘤药物。
背景技术
槐定碱具有良好的药理活性，如抗炎、镇痛、解毒、杀虫、调节免疫，抗心律失调，以及近年来备受人们关注的抗肿瘤活性等。2005年槐定碱及其盐酸槐定碱注射液作为一类抗癌新药获得国家食品药品监督管理局颁发的新药证书及药品批准文号。
虽然槐定碱有抗肿瘤活性，但其效果并不是很理想，为提高现有的槐定碱抗肿瘤活性指标，降低其毒副作用，为此本发明在保留槐定碱骨架的基础上对其进行结构改造，获得了抗肿瘤效果更加优秀的槐定碱衍生物。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物制备方法和用途。实验表明，本发明的槐定碱衍生物对多种癌细胞增殖具有较强的抑制作用，因此，该类化合物可适用于临床上肿瘤的治疗。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：
烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物，该衍生物为以下通式Ⅰ至通式Ⅱ的化合物之一:
通式Ⅰ：
Figure BDA0001428861390000021
其中，通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000022
时的化合物为XYM-1，通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000023
时的化合物为XYM-2，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000024
时的化合物为XYM-3，通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000025
时的化合物为XYM-4，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000026
时的化合物为XYM-5，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000027
时的化合物为XYM-6，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000028
时的化合物为XYM-7，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000029
时的化合物为XYM-8，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA00014288613900000210
时的化合物为XYM-9，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA00014288613900000211
时的化合物为XYM-10，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure BDA00014288613900000212
时的化合物为XYM-11；
通式Ⅱ：
Figure BDA00014288613900000213
其中，通式Ⅱ中R1为
Figure BDA00014288613900000214
时的化合物为XYM-12,通式Ⅱ中R1为
Figure BDA00014288613900000215
时的化合物为XYM-13,
通式Ⅱ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000031
时的化合物为XYM-14,
通式Ⅱ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000032
时的化合物为XYM-15,
通式Ⅱ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000033
时的化合物为XYM-16,
通式Ⅱ中R1为
Figure BDA0001428861390000034
时的化合物为XYM-17。
上述烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物XYM-1～XYM-17化合物的制备方法，以槐定碱Ⅰ为起始原料，经过强碱使槐定碱14位上的氢离去，形成碳负离子，然后再与烷基、芳基、杂环类化合物反应即得。
上述的烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例具体说明在槐定碱结构的基础上发明烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物制备方法和用途。
实施例1
通式Ⅰ中化合物XYM-1～XYM-11的制备方法。
制备化合物XYM-1
取一只100ml的洁净三口瓶，称取100mmol(2.4g)的氢化钠加入三口瓶。连接氮气保护装置，搭建冷凝回流装置，氮气保护之后，量取并加入30ml无水四氢呋喃，设置温度为80℃开始搅拌并升温。称取5mmol(1.24g)的槐定碱，用10ml无水四氢呋喃溶解，缓慢加入反应体系中，待温度升至80℃，反应30min。当体系中不再有气泡产生时，取4倍当量即20mmol的戊醛，缓慢加入，回流反应8h，期间薄层检测反应情况，确定反应结束。
反应后处理：反应结束后，将温度降至室温，之后制备1mol/L的盐酸溶液，调节反应溶液pH至7～8，用三氯甲烷少量多次萃取反应液，取有机相，萃取完成后合并有机相，加入适量无水硫酸钠除水，静置过夜。之后，减压蒸馏除去溶剂，上硅胶柱纯化。洗脱剂采用二氯甲烷-甲醇系统，梯度洗脱，产物点在二氯甲烷:甲醇比例为20:1～40:3之间分离得到。
此方法用于制备合成及纯化化合物XYM-1～XYM-11。
XYM-1～XYM-11结构鉴定数据如下：
14-(丁烯基)槐定碱XYM-1产率:30％；棕色油状；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ6.74(m,1H),3.90(m,1H),3.14(d,J＝12.8Hz,1H),2.90(m,3H),2.58–2.49(m,1H),2.32–2.24(m,1H),2.22–2.08(m,5H),1.99(m,3H),1.90(m,1H),1.80–1.64(m,4H),1.64–1.48(m,3H),1.47–1.35(m,5H),0.90(m,3H).13CNMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ165.13,137.26,128.75,63.07,55.79,55.49,50.20,47.74,40.06,31.28,30.89,30.00,27.51,27.22,23.39,22.40,21.91,21.58,21.46,13.89.MS m/z:317.363[M+1]+.
14-(苯甲烯基)槐定碱XYM-2产率:64％；黄色油状；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.74(d,J＝1.7Hz,1H),7.41–7.36(m,2H),7.36–7.33(m,2H),7.32–7.30(m,1H),4.53(m,1H),3.99(m,1H),3.25(t,J＝12.7Hz,1H),2.95–2.80(m,3H),2.51(m,1H),2.17(d,J＝3.0Hz,1H),2.12(m,1H),2.01(m,2H),1.90(m,1H),1.85–11.26(m,10H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ164.83,136.35,134.40,130.96,129.52(2),128.21(2),127.68,63.80,57.26,57.22,52.85,42.77,42.64,35.64,27.77,26.40,25.90,23.10,21.18,20.79.MS m/z:337.622[M+1]+.
14-(4-甲氧基苯甲烯基)槐定碱XYM-3产率:40％；黄色油状；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.72(s,1H),7.35–7.31(m,2H),6.95–6.90(m,2H),3.85(s,3H),3.61(m,1H),3.56–3.47(m,1H),3.36(t,J＝12.8Hz,1H),2.99–2.86(m,2H),2.60(m,1H),2.29–2.16(m,1H),2.14–2.04(m,2H),1.98–1.86(m,2H),1.75(d,J＝13.4Hz,1H),1.61–1.46(m,4H),1.41–1.23(m,4H),1.15(m,1H),0.95–0.83(m,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,Chloroform-d)δ165.34,159.28,133.92,131.21(2),128.78,128.28,113.74(2),63.42,55.98,55.36,55.30,50.50,48.11,40.09,31.77,29.70,27.39,23.78,23.63,21.52.MS m/z:367.610[M+1]+.
14-(4-氯苯甲烯基)槐定碱XYM-4产率:55％,熔点:150.1-151.6℃；白色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.01(d,J＝8.1Hz,2H),7.39(s,1H),7.27–7.24(m,1H),7.17–7.14(m,1H),3.78–3.60(m,2H),3.60–3.48(m,2H),3.40–3.31(m,1H),3.26(m,1H),2.76–2.62(m,2H),2.53(m,1H),2.24(m,2H),2.08–2.01(m,1H),1.95(d,J＝13.0Hz,2H),1.84–1.63(m,2H),1.54–1.37(m,1H),1.24(m,3H),0.95–0.82(m,2H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ164.88,134.84,132.74,131.11,130.56(2),128.50(2),128.23,63.92,56.85,53.00,45.39,36.10,31.91,29.70,29.33,28.63,27.22,22.70,20.66,14.13.MS m/z:371.517[M+1]+.
14-(4-叔丁基苯甲烯基)槐定碱XYM-5产率：62％,熔点:65.1-65.7℃；白色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.74(d,J＝1.7Hz,1H),7.43–7.38(m,2H),7.31(d,J＝8.2Hz,2H),3.61(dd,J＝13.7,5.0Hz,1H),3.51(m,1H),3.35(dd,J＝13.7,11.7Hz,1H),2.95–2.87(m,2H),2.84–2.77(m,1H),2.60(m,1H),2.23–2.12(m,2H),2.12–1.79(m,5H),1.73(m,1H),1.65–1.59(m,1H),1.59–1.42(m,4H),1.34(s,9H),1.33–1.22(m,1H),1.13(m,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ165.23,150.96,134.04,133.35,129.49(2),129.46,125.18(2),63.55,56.05,55.38,50.62,48.18,40.16,34.67,31.88,31.26(3),30.07,27.42,23.96,23.64,21.60,21.52.
MS m/z:393.626[M+1]+.
14-(2-萘甲烯基)槐定碱XYM-6产率:30％,熔点:151.7-153.6℃；白色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.92(d,J＝8.5Hz,1H),8.11(d,J＝7.1Hz,1H),7.92(d,J＝8.1Hz,1H),7.87(m,2H),7.54–7.44(m,3H),3.64(m,2H),3.42–3.23(m,2H),2.77–2.62(m,2H),2.52–2.40(m,2H),2.25–2.15(m,1H),2.14–1.16(m,13H).13CNMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ165.03,133.87,133.15,131.23,128.26,126.74,126.59,126.26,126.05,125.66,125.08,124.94,124.77,60.42,56.16,54.72,50.80,47.58,39.42,29.58,29.33,27.32,27.23,23.50,20.66,14.13.MS m/z:387.514[M+1]+.
14-(2-呋喃甲烯基)槐定碱XYM-7产率:73％,熔点:96.1-98.3℃；白色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.54–7.45(m,2H),6.53(d,J＝3.4Hz,1H),6.47(m,1H),3.61(m,1H),3.55–3.50(m,1H),3.33(m,1H),3.16(m,1H),2.91(m,1H),2.82(m,1H),2.75–2.67(m,1H),2.26–1.25(m,14H),1.13(m,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ164.98,152.59,143.41,126.94,121.10,114.03,111.74,63.50,56.03,55.45,50.61,48.09,40.01,31.99,29.99,26.87,23.88,23.54,21.57,21.53.MS m/z:327.364[M+1]+.
14-(2-噻吩甲烯基)槐定碱XYM-8产率:75％,熔点:155.6-158.2℃；白色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.93(d,J＝2.0Hz,1H),7.43(d,J＝5.1Hz,1H),7.25(d,J＝3.6Hz,1H),7.10(dd,J＝5.1,3.6Hz,1H),4.49(dd,J＝12.7,4.5Hz,1H),4.00(m,1H),3.24(t,J＝12.7Hz,1H),2.97(m,1H),2.90–2.79(m,2H),2.64(m,1H),2.26–2.09(m,2H),2.05–1.25(m,13H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ164.93,139.14,131.41,129.47,128.23,127.65,127.32,61.61,55.59,54.95,50.77,49.03,47.52,39.17,29.39,26.55,23.70,21.76,21.59,20.56.MSm/z:343.367[M+1]+.
14-[2-(5-氯)噻吩甲烯基]槐定碱XYM-9产率:43％,熔点:131.3-133.0℃；黄色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.66(d,J＝4.1Hz,1H),7.60(d,J＝4.1Hz,1H),6.99(d,J＝1.4Hz,1H),4.07(m,1H),3.53–3.46(m,4H),2.26–2.19(m,2H),2.18–2.13(m,2H),2.08–1.98(m,2H),1.99–1.90(m,2H),1.88–1.80(m,5H),1.71(m,2H),1.62(m,1H),1.09–1.07(m,1H),1.07–1.04(m,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,Chloroform-d)δ165.94,142.17,133.41,133.15,127.74,127.67,126.91,63.98,55.87,55.80,55.74,47.68,42.76,31.93,26.29,24.65,23.91,22.74,21.57,21.36.MS m/z:377.487[M+1]+.
14-[2-(5-甲基)噻吩甲烯基]槐定碱XYM-10产率:37％,熔点:96.5-97.7℃；黄色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.83(d,J＝1.9Hz,1H),7.06(d,J＝3.6Hz,1H),6.76(m,1H),3.51(s,1H),2.91(m,4H),2.53(m,3H),2.48(d,J＝1.0Hz,1H),2.30–2.13(m,1H),2.03(m,1H),1.61(m,5H),1.29(m,7H),1.19–1.10(m,1H),0.90(t,J＝6.9Hz,1H).13CNMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ165.15,143.26,137.33,131.69,129.92,127.62,125.68,55.97,47.97,35.93,31.93,29.78,29.70,29.33,29.25,27.22,26.78,23.80,22.69,15.53,14.13.MS m/z:357.510[M+1]+.
14-[2-(3-甲基)噻吩甲烯基]槐定碱XYM-11产率:44％,熔点:119.6-122.4℃；白色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.99(d,J＝1.9Hz,1H),7.35(d,J＝5.1Hz,1H),6.94(d,J＝5.1Hz,1H),3.64(dd,J＝13.7,5.1Hz,1H),3.57–3.50(m,1H),3.35(t,J＝12.7Hz,1H),3.02(m,1H),2.96–2.79(m,2H),2.68–2.59(m,1H),2.39(s,3H),2.27–0.70(m,15H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ165.20,140.32,132.71,130.24,126.29,126.00,125.53,63.52,56.06,55.24,50.64,48.03,39.90,31.51,30.14,26.91,23.82,22.70,21.56,21.51,14.61.MS m/z:357.481[M+1]+.
实施例2
通式Ⅱ中化合物XYM-12～XYM-17的制备方法。
制备化合物XYM-12
取洁净的100ml的三口瓶一只，连接氮气保护装置。量取3ml的LDA加入到三口瓶中，冰浴条件下开始搅拌，称取5mmol(1.24g)槐定碱溶于40ml无水四氢呋喃中，缓慢滴加到反应体系中，搅拌40min。称取4倍当量即20mmol的溴乙烷，缓慢加入到反应体系中，常温搅拌反应5h。反应期间用薄层色谱实时检测反应情况，确定反应结束。
反应后处理：在反应体系中加入50ml饱和碳酸氢钠溶液猝灭反应，使反应终止，搅拌30min后，用三氯甲烷少量多次进行萃取，取有机相，萃取完成后合并有机相。取适量无水硫酸钠进行干燥除水，保鲜膜密封，过夜。对干燥后的萃液减压蒸馏除去溶剂，上硅胶柱进行纯化，洗脱剂采用乙酸乙酯-氯仿系统，梯度洗脱，产物点在乙酸乙酯:氯仿比例为50:1分离得到。
此方法用于制备合成及纯化化合物XYM-12～XYM-17。
XYM-12～XYM-17结构鉴定数据如下：
14-乙基槐定碱XYM-12产率:40％,熔点:82.9-83.4℃；黄色固体；1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ3.47–3.43(m,1H),3.39–3.34(m,1H),3.30–3.09(m,1H),2.91–2.83(m,1H),2.76(m,1H),2.17–2.08(m,3H),2.05(m,1H),2.01–1.96(m,1H),1.95–1.85(m,4H),1.82–1.75(m,1H),1.74–1.59(m,2H),1.56–1.43(m,4H),1.43–1.35(m,1H),1.33–1.24(m,1H),1.11–1.00(m,1H),0.93(m,4H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ172.52,64.02,56.09,55.59,50.84,47.61,42.96,41.61,32.08,29.81,27.79,24.56,24.24,24.05,21.35,21.04,11.43.MS m/z:277.317[M+1]+.
14-丁基槐定碱XYM-13产率:44％,熔点:71.1-71.8℃；黄色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ3.44(m,1H),3.17–3.11(m,1H),2.86(m,1H),2.78–2.74(m,1H),2.23(m,2H),2.12(m,2H),2.06–2.02(m,1H),1.81–1.76(m,2H),1.73(m,2H),1.60(m,2H),1.53–1.48(m,4H),1.40(m,3H),1.32–1.28(m,4H),1.05(m,1H),0.89(m,5H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ172.69,63.99,62.54,56.09,55.57,50.82,47.64,41.58,41.22,32.03,30.61,29.84,29.28,24.61,22.79,22.20,21.38,21.07,14.06.MS m/z:305.436[M+1]+.
14-己基槐定碱XYM-14产率:61％,熔点:68.1-68.8℃；黄色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ3.47–3.42(m,1H),3.15(d,J＝12.3Hz,1H),2.85(m,2H),2.77–2.72(m,2H),2.29–2.20(m,2H),2.16–2.10(m,2H),2.05(m,1H),1.79(m,2H),1.77–1.72(m,1H),1.38–1.34(m,1H),1.33–1.26(m,13H),1.10–1.00(m,2H),0.87(m,6H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ172.69,63.99,56.09,55.57,50.82,47.64,41.65,41.25,31.79,29.36,27.03,24.68,24.62,24.22,23.10,22.63,22.20,21.84,21.39,21.07,14.08.MS m/z:333.398[M+1]+.
14-苄基槐定碱XYM-15产率:42％,熔点:163.5-165.7℃；白色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.28(dd,J＝8.2,6.9Hz,2H),7.25–7.16(m,3H),3.50(m,2H),3.37(m,1H),3.23–3.12(m,1H),2.87(m,1H),2.77(m,1H),2.60(m,1H),2.47(m,1H),2.30–2.13(m,1H),2.13–2.00(m,2H),1.91(m,3H),1.82(m,1H),1.71(m,3H),1.67–1.57(m,1H),1.58–1.49(m,1H),1.46(m,2H),1.37–1.29(m,1H),1.24(m,1H),1.06(m,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ171.71,140.32,129.28(2),128.28(2),126.00,64.00,56.08,55.68,50.82,47.84,43.57,41.72,37.80,32.05,29.81,27.86,24.26,24.25,21.29,20.94.MS m/z:339.382[M+1]+.
14-(2-呋喃亚甲基)槐定碱XYM-16产率:53％,熔点:110.1-112.5℃；黄色固体；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.12(dd,J＝5.1,1.2Hz,1H),6.91(dd,J＝5.2,3.4Hz,1H),6.80(dd,J＝3.5,1.0Hz,1H),3.49(m,2H),3.34(m,1H),3.19–3.10(m,1H),3.05(m,1H),2.86(m,1H),2.75(m,1H),2.65–2.46(m,2H),2.31–2.21(m,1H),2.16–2.08(m,2H),2.06–1.97(m,1H),1.90(m,3H),1.84–1.76(m,1H),1.70(m,2H),1.61(m,1H),1.56–1.42(m,3H),1.30–1.23(m,1H),1.13–0.99(m,1H)13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ171.23,154.31,141.04,110.18,106.41,64.05,56.10,55.67,50.87,47.81,41.81,41.52,32.11,30.13,29.78,28.02,24.79,24.30,21.28,20.90.MS m/z:329.363[M+1]+.
14-(2-噻吩亚甲基)槐定碱XYM-17产率:33％；棕色油状；
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.32(m,1H),6.30(m,1H),6.05(m,1H),3.51(m,1H),3.49–3.34(m,2H),3.33–3.25(m,1H),3.24–3.12(m,1H),2.87(m,1H),2.85–2.72(m,2H),2.65–2.53(m,1H),2.31–2.21(m,1H),2.12(m,2H),2.08–1.99(m,1H),1.98–1.90(m,2H),1.90–1.82(m,2H),1.80–1.56(m,3H),1.56–1.44(m,2H),1.44–1.32(m,1H),1.31–1.24(m,1H),1.16–1.02(m,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ171.14,142.36,126.60,125.80,123.70,64.03,56.07,55.64,50.84,47.86,43.63,41.79,32.10,31.90,29.72,28.03,24.33,24.26,21.20,20.84.MS m/z:345.417[M+1]+.
以下表1给出实施例1和实施例2制备的目标化合物的结构式：
Figure BDA0001428861390000121
Figure BDA0001428861390000131
Figure BDA0001428861390000141
Figure BDA0001428861390000151
体外抗肿瘤活性测试
细胞株：肝癌HepG2，鼻癌CNE-2
实验方法：将化合物用DMSO溶解稀释成所需溶液浓度。取生长状态良好的细胞一瓶，加入胰蛋白酶消化制成每毫升含2×104-4×104个细胞悬液。取细胞悬液接种96孔板，每孔180ul，置恒温CO2培养箱中培养24小时。加入受试液，每孔20ul，培养48小时。将四甲基氮唑蓝加入96孔板中，每孔20ul，培养箱中反应4小时。吸取上清液，加入DMSO，每孔150ul，振摇5分钟，用酶标仪在490nm处测试每孔的吸收度，计算细胞抑制率。
Figure BDA0001428861390000152
实验结果如表2所示
Figure BDA0001428861390000153
Figure BDA0001428861390000161
Figure BDA0001428861390000171
实验数据表明，本发明涉及的烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物具有高效的抗肿瘤活性。

Claims (3)

1.烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物，其特征在于，其特征结构如下:
通式Ⅰ：
Figure FDA0002190877640000011
其中，通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure FDA0002190877640000012
时的化合物为XYM-1，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure FDA0002190877640000013
时的化合物为XYM-2，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure FDA0002190877640000014
时的化合物为XYM-4，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure FDA0002190877640000015
时的化合物为XYM-5，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure FDA0002190877640000016
时的化合物为XYM-6，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure FDA0002190877640000017
时的化合物为XYM-7，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure FDA0002190877640000018
时的化合物为XYM-9，
通式Ⅰ中R1为
Figure FDA0002190877640000019
时的化合物为XYM-11；
通式Ⅱ：
Figure FDA00021908776400000110
其中，通式Ⅱ中R1为
Figure FDA00021908776400000111
时的化合物为XYM-14。
2.根据权利要求1所述烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物XYM-1、XYM-2、XYM-4～XYM-7、XYM-9、XYM-11和XYM-14化合物的制备方法，其特征在于，以槐定碱Ⅰ为起始原料，经过强碱使槐定碱14位上的氢离去，形成碳负离子，然后再分别与
Figure FDA0002190877640000021
Figure FDA0002190877640000022
化合物反应即得。
3.根据权利要求1所述的烷基、芳基、杂环类槐定碱衍生物XYM-1、XYM-2、XYM-4～XYM-7、XYM-9、XYM-11和XYM-14在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
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