CN107609299B - A kind of optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form - Google Patents
A kind of optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form, belongs to strip mining transformation field.This method includes (1) qualitative analysis inclined substrate internal dumping influencing factors for slope stability and potential Slide Mode；(2) experiment of machanics is carried out to internal dumping slope ground body, obtains slope ground body mechanics index of physics；(3) the safety stock COEFFICIENT K of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope is determined；(4) design difference dumps the inclined substrate internal dumping side slope forms of height, different square positions width, and designs optimal stability factor of slope and maximum dump space.(5) bond strength is reduced theoretical algorithm, with FLAC3DFinite difference numerical simulation software carries out simplation examination to optimal side slope form scheme derived above, further verifies the feasibility of optimal side slope form.This method guarantees that the continuous extension between the stabilization of internal dumping and interior emptying, provides foundation for the design of side slope form, while also saving a large amount of strip mining transformation costs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of having an opencast mining of, in particular to a kind of optimization side of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form
Method.
Background technique
Open coal mine is to reduce land seizure and shorten distance of stripping transport directly dump overburden in process of production
In the goaf of excavating plant, internal dumping is formed.Internal dumping side slope is tall and big and distance closer, stability of adopting stripping working face
Can opencut be directly influenced keep the safety in production.The stability of internal dumping side slope in addition to dump material properties, substrate ground
The factors such as volume property, side slope form have outside the Pass, and substrate topography is also the principal element for influencing its stability.If substrate is inclined to
Consistent with internal dumping side slope tendency, internal dumping side slope is changed into battered slope, and tall and big side slope and battered slope are simultaneously deposited, will
Side slope causes safely major hidden danger, therefore inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form Design problem can not be ignored.
Current most of open coal mines, which encounter inclined substrate when being produced and can guard selection, dumps stripping to outer dump
From object, distance of stripping transport is largely increased in this way, is not utilized existing land resource effectively, is wasted a large amount of people
Power, material resources, financial resources.Status is mostly based on when prior art selection In-pit dumping and rule of thumb carries out gentle slope casting, it is contemplated that safety
While could not take into account maximization of economic benefit again.Therefore there is an urgent need to propose a kind of pair of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope shape
The method that state optimizes can create maximum economic benefit while ensureing opencut safety in production again.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention proposes a kind of optimization sides of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form
Method.This method guarantees that the continuous extension between the stabilization of internal dumping and interior emptying, the design for side slope form provide foundation,
A large amount of strip mining transformation costs are also saved simultaneously.
A kind of optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, in conjunction with the concrete condition of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope, qualitative analysis inclined substrate internal dumping side slope
Factors affecting stability and potential Slide Mode；
Step 2, experiment of machanics is carried out to internal dumping slope ground body, obtains slope ground body mechanics index of physics；
Step 3, according to the length of service of specific Waste Dump inside Open Pit Mine side slope, significance level, each composition part physics
The factors such as the Grasping level and landslide potential hazard of mechanical index, determine the safety stock coefficient of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope
K；
Step 4, design difference dumps the inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form of height, different square positions width, and designs
Optimal stability factor of slope and maximum dump space, specific optimization method are as follows:
(1) determination of optimal stability factor of slope: according to the Bishop approach in limit equilibrium method, side slope is calculated
Stability coefficient Fs, when the side slope form for meeting Fs > K is opencut safe slope form；
The calculation method of the stability factor of slope Fs are as follows:
It has assumed initially that rock mass slip-crack surface is two cylindrical surfaces, and has assumed active force in the different interbands of division
Direction is horizontal direction, later, by the balance-resolution item bottom counter-force of vertical forces, and according to the torque to a certain identical point
Equilbristat calculates stability coefficient Fs；
Stability coefficient is described as rotating sliding surface it is assumed that be by sliding surface identification into arc surface by Bishop method basic
The resisting moment at center and the ratio of downslide torque, while assuming power suffered by the different bands divided all in equilibrium state.
The formula of specific stability coefficient Fs are as follows:
In formula, i is the i-th band；N is band total number；C` is cohesion；liFor the length of i-th sliding surface；WiIt is i-th
The gravity of band；αiFor the i-th band sliding surface inclination angle；μiPore water pressure for the unit area acted on sliding surface；For interior friction
Angle；
(2) the maximum determination for dumping space: according to plane calculation amount method, casting space burst size V is calculated, when casting space
Burst size maximum is most economical internal dumping side slope form, as optimal side slope form；
The calculation method of the casting space burst size V are as follows:
Plot of a mine is marked off into several blocks, by the area and the top bottom that calculate separately each block top surface and bottom surface
The distance between face finds out the volume of each block, is accumulated as project amount later.
In formula: i is i-th of block；N is to divide block sum；SOn iFor the area of i-th of block top surface, unit m2；
SUnder iFor the area of i-th of block bottom surface, unit m2；hiFor the height of i-th of block, unit m.
Step 5, bond strength is reduced theoretical algorithm, with FLAC3DFinite difference numerical simulation software is to derived above
Optimal side slope form scheme carries out simplation examination, further verifies the feasibility of optimal side slope form.
Wherein, in the step 1, the inclined substrate internal dumping influencing factors for slope stability specifically: row
Material properties, fundamental rock soil mass property and form are abandoned, side slope form, crustal stress, precipitation, freezes and melts.
In the step 1, the potential Slide Mode of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope is main are as follows: with Dangerous Circle
Layer-bedding slip is cut as bottom interface for side interface, using inclined substrate.
In the step 2, the slope ground body is the Rock And Soil for dumping material, sand-mud interbed and substrate.
In the step 2, the slope ground body mechanics index of physics is specially capacity, shearing strength, springform
Amount, cohesion, internal friction angle and Poisson's ratio.
In the step 4 (1), the design inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form, specific design includes difference
Dump the design of absolute altitude and different square position width.
In the step 4 (1), the stability coefficient Fs is according to designed side slope form, with potential landslide
The corresponding different engineered locations of mode stability coefficient calculated.
In the step 4 (1), related active force has: effective normal force for acting on sliding surface acts on sliding surface
On full normal force, the limit skid resistance on sliding surface；The shear force of interband.
In the step 4 (2), the casting space burst size V is the side slope form row met the requirements in stability
Abandon the casting space burst size of different engineered locations.
In the step 4, optimal stability factor of slope ensure that the stability of side slope；It is maximum to dump space increasing
It is big to dump space burst size.
A kind of optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form of the invention is compared with the prior art, beneficial
Effect is:
The present invention considers influence of the inclined substrate to internal dumping slope stability and potential Slide Mode, is based on the limit
The Computing Principle of balancing method and plane calculation amount method proposes one kind and had not only been able to satisfy safety requirements but also can create maximum economic benefit
Side slope form optimization method, make it possible open coal mine inclined seam In-pit dumping and ensure internal dumping stabilization and
Continuous extension between interior emptying also saves a large amount of strip mining transformation costs while providing foundation for the design of side slope form.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the inclined substrate internal dumping side slope schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is that the plane calculation amount method of the embodiment of the present invention 1 calculates schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
A kind of flow chart of the optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form of following embodiment is shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment 1
Certain opencut exploiting field memory is in Anticline Geologic, and internal dumping is just advanced to the top of anticlinal axis.Anticline
Structure realm width is 1200m, is moved towards as the direction SE-NW.Due to the influence of arch structure, coal seam drop reaches 270m, but ground
Table and bedrock surface are declined by less than 100m, and coal seam is inclined seam by flat seam transition, and seat earth tilt angle is big, causes
Internal dumping side slope substrate tilt, stability is by extreme influence, simultaneously because overburden amount increase is also required to discharge bigger row
Native space, Fig. 2 are internal dumping inclined substrate schematic diagram.
Example opencut internal dumping dumps absolute altitude status and has reached 1420 levels, using the present invention in the inclined substrate
Specific step is as follows for the optimization of refuse dump side slope form:
Step 1, in conjunction with the concrete condition of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope, qualitative analysis inclined substrate internal dumping side slope
Factors affecting stability and potential Slide Mode；
It is found by the analysis to example open coal mine engineering geology situation, influences the factor of internal dumping slope stability
To dump material properties, fundamental rock soil mass property and form, side slope form and precipitation, freezing, melt.Row in the open coal mine
The intensity that Tu Chang dumps material is lower than the intensity of substrate, substrate tilt and inclination angle is larger.So the potential landslide of internal dumping side slope
It is side interface that mode, which is using Dangerous Circle, using substrate as bottom interface cuts layer-bedding slip.
Step 2, experiment of machanics is carried out to internal dumping slope ground body, obtains slope ground body mechanics index of physics；
By the experiment of machanics to the opencut internal dumping slope ground body, obtain dumping material, sand-mud interbed with
The rock mechanical index of substrate such as table 1:
1 internal dumping slope ground body mechanics index of physics of table
Step 3, the safety stock COEFFICIENT K of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope is determined.
The regulation of Slope Stability property coefficient in reference " coal industry design of open pit mines specification " (GB50197-2005),
The grasp of the length of service, significance level, each composition part mechanics index of physics according to example Waste Dump inside Open Pit Mine side slope
The factors such as degree and landslide potential hazard, are determined as K=1.2 for its safety stock coefficient.
Step 4, design difference dumps the inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form of height, different square positions width, and designs
Optimal stability factor of slope and maximum dump space.
Preliminary design internal dumping dump absolute altitude be under 1420 level conditions square position width be respectively 60m, 70m, 80m with
Dumping absolute altitude is six kinds of sides that square position width is respectively 70m, 80m, 90m push ahead that step pitch is 200m under 1480 level conditions
Case, from slope stability with dump space burst size two in terms of optimize.
(1) designed side slope form is calculated according to limit equilibrium method Bishop approach, using inclined substrate as bottom circle
The corresponding different engineered locations stability factor of slope Fs of layer-bedding slip are cut in face, wherein the side slope form for meeting Fs > K is
Opencut safe slope form.
The calculation method of the stability factor of slope Fs are as follows:
It has assumed initially that rock mass slip-crack surface is two cylindrical surfaces, and has assumed active force in the different interbands of division
Direction is horizontal direction, later, by the balance-resolution item bottom counter-force of vertical forces, and according to the torque to a certain identical point
Equilbristat calculates stability coefficient Fs.
Related active force has: acting on effective normal force N on sliding surfacei', full normal force N on sliding surface is acted oni、
Limit skid resistance R on sliding surfacei；The shear force E of interbandiAnd Ei+1。
Stability coefficient is described as rotating sliding surface it is assumed that be by sliding surface identification into arc surface by Bishop method basic
The resisting moment at center and the ratio of downslide torque, while assuming power suffered by the different bands divided all in equilibrium state.
The formula of specific stability coefficient Fs are as follows:
In formula, i is the i-th band；N is band total number；C` is cohesion；liFor the length of i-th sliding surface；WiIt is i-th
The gravity of band；αiFor the i-th band sliding surface inclination angle；μiPore water pressure for the unit area acted on sliding surface；For interior friction
Angle；
Wherein, calculated result is as shown in table 2:
2 internal dumping slope ground body mechanics index of physics of table
Scheme one is pushed ahead with the square position 60m width to 1200m engineering position when internal dumping dumps absolute altitude for 1420 levels
It is minimum to set place's stability factor of slope, Fs=1.175 < 1.2 is unsatisfactory for slope stability requirement.
Scheme two is pushed ahead with the square position 70m width to 1400m engineering position when internal dumping dumps absolute altitude for 1420 levels
It is minimum to set place's stability factor of slope, Fs=1.148 < 1.2 is unsatisfactory for slope stability requirement.
Scheme three is pushed ahead with the square position 80m width to 1800m engineering position when internal dumping dumps absolute altitude for 1420 levels
It is minimum to set place's stability factor of slope, Fs=1.218 > 1.2 meets slope stability requirement.
Scheme four is pushed ahead with the square position 70m width to 1400m engineering position when internal dumping dumps absolute altitude for 1480 levels
It is minimum to set place's stability factor of slope, Fs=1.116 < 1.2 is unsatisfactory for slope stability requirement.
Scheme five is pushed ahead with the square position 80m width to 1800m engineering position when internal dumping dumps absolute altitude for 1420 levels
It is minimum to set place's stability factor of slope, Fs=1.189 < 1.2 is unsatisfactory for slope stability requirement.
Scheme six is pushed ahead with the square position 90m width to 1800m engineering position when internal dumping dumps absolute altitude for 1420 levels
It is minimum to set place's stability factor of slope, Fs=1.247 > 1.2 meets slope stability requirement.
Wherein, analysis is learnt, scheme three and scheme six meet slope stability requirement.
(2) the maximum determination for dumping space: according to plane calculation amount method, casting space burst size V is calculated, when casting space
Burst size maximum is most economical internal dumping side slope form, as optimal side slope form；
The casting space burst size V is that the side slope form met the requirements in stability dumps different engineered locations
Casting space burst size.
According to the analysis of stability coefficient, scheme three and scheme six meet slope stability requirement.According to plane calculation amount method
Calculated result, scheme three is 1420 horizontal to be pushed ahead with the square position 80m width to 2400m engineering when internal dumping dumps absolute altitude
Casting space burst size V when position1=568.02m3；Scheme six is 1480 horizontal wide with the square position 90m when internal dumping dumps absolute altitude
Casting space burst size V when degree is pushed ahead to 2400m engineered locations2=547.35m3.Due to V1> V2, therefore scheme three can
To discharge more casting spaces, bigger economic benefit is created, that is, dumps 1420 level of absolute altitude, square position width 80m is the reality
The optimal side slope form of example.Wherein, plane calculation amount method principle is referring to Fig. 3.Wherein, in figure, A1A2C2C1It is flat for a upper engineered locations
Face, B1B2D2D1For next engineered locations plane.
The calculation method of the casting space burst size V are as follows:
Plot of a mine is marked off into several blocks, by the area and the top bottom that calculate separately each block top surface and bottom surface
The distance between face finds out the volume of each block, is accumulated as project amount later.
In formula, i is i-th of block；N is to divide block sum；SOn iFor the area of i-th of block top surface, unit m2；
SUnder iFor the area of i-th of block bottom surface, unit m2；hiFor the height of i-th of block, unit m.
Step 5, bond strength are reduced theoretical algorithm, with FLAC3DFinite difference numerical simulation software is to derived above
Optimal side slope form scheme carries out simplation examination, further verifies the feasibility of optimal side slope form.
Pass through FLAC3DNumerical simulation technology, with shear strength reduction theory, demonstrating the absolute altitude that dumps that this method determines is
The stability coefficient for the optimal modality side slope that 1420 is horizontal, square position width is 80m is 1.24 requirements for meeting safety stock coefficient.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form, which is characterized in that the inclined substrate internal dumping side
The optimization method of domatic state, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, in conjunction with the concrete condition of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope, qualitative analysis inclined substrate internal dumping stability of slope
Property influence factor and potential Slide Mode；
Step 2, experiment of machanics is carried out to internal dumping slope ground body, obtains slope ground body mechanics index of physics；
Step 3, according to the length of service of specific Waste Dump inside Open Pit Mine side slope, significance level, each composition part physical mechanics
The Grasping level and landslide potential hazard factor of index, determine the safety stock COEFFICIENT K of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope；
Step 4, design difference dumps the inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form of height, different square positions width, and designs optimal
Stability factor of slope and maximum dump space, specific optimization method are as follows:
(1) determination of optimal stability factor of slope: according to the Bishop approach in limit equilibrium method, stability of slope is calculated
Property coefficient Fs, when the side slope form for meeting Fs > K is opencut safe slope form；
The calculation method of the stability factor of slope Fs are as follows:
It has assumed initially that rock mass slip-crack surface is two cylindrical surfaces, and has assumed active force in the direction of the different interbands of division
For horizontal direction, later, by the balance-resolution item bottom counter-force of vertical forces, and foundation is to the equalising torque of a certain identical point
Calculate stability coefficient Fs；
Bishop method it is basic it is assumed that being that stability coefficient is described as sliding surface identification to sliding surface rotation center at arc surface
Resisting moment and downslide torque ratio, while assume divide different bands suffered by power all in equilibrium state, specifically
Stability coefficient Fs formula are as follows:
In formula, i is the i-th band；N is band total number；C` is cohesion；liFor the length of i-th sliding surface；WiFor the i-th band
Gravity；αiFor the i-th band sliding surface inclination angle；μiPore water pressure for the unit area acted on sliding surface；For internal friction angle；
(2) the maximum determination for dumping space: according to plane calculation amount method, calculating casting space burst size V, when casting space discharges
Maximum amount is most economical internal dumping side slope form, as optimal side slope form；
The calculation method of the casting space burst size V are as follows:
Plot of a mine is marked off into several blocks, by calculate separately each block top surface and bottom surface area and top bottom surface it
Between distance find out the volume of each block, be accumulated as project amount later；
In formula: i is i-th of block；N is to divide block sum；SOn iFor the area of i-th of block top surface, unit m2；SUnder iFor
The area of i-th of block bottom surface, unit m2；hiFor the height of i-th of block, unit m；
Step 5, bond strength is reduced theoretical algorithm, with FLAC3DFinite difference numerical simulation software is to derived above optimal
Side slope form scheme carries out simplation examination, further verifies the feasibility of optimal side slope form.
2. the optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid 1, the inclined substrate internal dumping influencing factors for slope stability specifically: dump material properties, substrate Rock And Soil
Property and form, crustal stress, precipitation, are freezed and are melted side slope form.
3. the optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid 1, the potential Slide Mode of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope is main are as follows: using Dangerous Circle as side interface, with inclination
Substrate cuts layer-bedding slip for bottom interface.
4. the optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid 2, the slope ground body is the Rock And Soil for dumping material, sand-mud interbed and substrate.
5. the optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid 2, the slope ground body mechanics index of physics is specially capacity, shearing strength, elasticity modulus, cohesion, interior friction
Angle and Poisson's ratio.
6. the optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid 4 (1), the design inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form, specific design includes that difference dumps absolute altitude and difference puts down
The design of disk width.
7. the optimization method of inclined substrate internal dumping side slope form as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid 4 (1), related active force has: effective normal force for acting on sliding surface acts on full normal force, cunning on sliding surface
Limit skid resistance on face；The shear force of interband.
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| CN109376465B (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2023-06-06 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Morphological optimization method for end slope steep slope of open pit coal mine |
| CN109826214B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-02-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Inclined-base strip mine internal drainage method and construction method |
| CN111368458B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-04-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Method for calculating foundation pit excavation slope safety coefficient |
| CN112487538B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2024-01-30 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for analyzing stability of internal dumping site under supporting and retaining action of coal pillar |
| CN113128044B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-04-12 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for determining advancing mining step pitch of lateral mining working wall of soft rock opencast coal mine |
| CN114925434B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-12-01 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Determination method for slope anchoring force of strip mine |
| CN115292940B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-11-10 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for determining inflection point position of convex slope surface of single-coal-seam strip mine |
| CN116822227B (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2024-05-14 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Slope dumping deformation model and stability analysis method |
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