CN107602265B - Culture medium for improving amino acid content of pleurotus eryngii - Google Patents
Culture medium for improving amino acid content of pleurotus eryngii Download PDFInfo
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- CN107602265B CN107602265B CN201711089092.5A CN201711089092A CN107602265B CN 107602265 B CN107602265 B CN 107602265B CN 201711089092 A CN201711089092 A CN 201711089092A CN 107602265 B CN107602265 B CN 107602265B
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Abstract
The invention provides a culture medium for improving the amino acid content of pleurotus eryngii, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3.2-6.5% of bagasse, 6.5-9.8% of pennisetum alopecuroides, 22.2% of wood chips, 26% of corncobs, 18% of bran, 8.8% of corn flour, 9% of soybean meal, 1.8% of light calcium, 1.2% of lime and the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%. The pleurotus eryngii fruiting body produced on the culture medium provided by the invention is remarkably improved in nutritional quality, the crude protein of pleurotus eryngii is improved by 10% -20%, the total amino acid content is improved by 6.8% -9%, the flavor development amino acid content is improved by 6% -8%, and the flavor of pleurotus eryngii is remarkably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural resource utilization, relates to an edible mushroom culture medium, and particularly relates to a culture medium for improving the amino acid content of pleurotus eryngii by utilizing pennisetum alopecuroides.
Background
Pleurotus eryngii (Pleurotus eryngii)Pleurotus eryngii) The mushroom is a novel rare edible mushroom variety integrating edible, medicinal and dietary therapy, has high nutritive value, and has fleshy mushroom meat such as the taste of abalone and pleasant almond fragrance. The pleurotus eryngii not only is a food material for cooking food, but also has the effects of reducing blood fat, reducing cholesterol, promoting gastrointestinal digestion, enhancing the immunity of the organism, preventing cardiovascular diseases and the like, has compact and elastic tissues, has longer storage time after being picked than that of the common pleurotus eryngii, and is popular with people. Amino acid is an important nutrient component necessary for human body, and has important significance for maintaining normal physiological, biochemical, immune and energy-saving activities of human body, growth and development, metabolism and other life activities. Protein and amino acid taken by human body are mainly from food, so the content of amino acid in food directly influences the nutritional value of the food. And the 6 amino acids which can present special delicate flavors, such as glutamic acid, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, alanine, glycine and tyrosine, are called flavor amino acids, and the content of the flavor amino acids is directly related to the flavor of the food.
The conventional cultivation formula of the pleurotus eryngii mainly takes conventional agricultural and forestry raw materials such as bagasse, wood chips, corncobs, wheat bran, corn flour, soybean meal and the like as main raw materials, the raw materials are related to local agricultural production, for example, main production areas of the bagasse are Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan, and the pleurotus eryngii cultivated by utilizing the bagasse in other areas has the defects of high transportation and storage cost and the like. Aiming at the current situation, a cultivation substrate which is convenient in raw material source and can improve the quality and flavor of pleurotus eryngii needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a culture medium for improving the amino acid content of pleurotus eryngii, and the culture medium which is convenient in raw material source and can improve the quality and flavor of the pleurotus eryngii is developed, so that the nutritional quality of the pleurotus eryngii is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
(1) a culture medium for improving the amino acid content of pleurotus eryngii comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3.2-6.5% of bagasse, 6.5-9.8% of pennisetum alopecuroides, 22.2% of wood chips, 26% of corncobs, 18% of bran, 8.8% of corn flour, 9% of soybean meal, 1.8% of light calcium carbonate and 1.2% of lime, and the pH value is adjusted to 9-11. The sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100 percent.
Preferably, the culture medium for improving the amino acid content of pleurotus eryngii by utilizing the pennisetum comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3.2% of bagasse, 9.8% of pennisetum alopecuroides, 22.2% of sawdust, 26% of corncobs, 18% of bran, 8.8% of corn flour, 9% of soybean meal, 1.8% of light calcium, 1.2% of lime and 10% of adjusted pH value. The sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100 percent.
The invention has the advantages and effects that: the invention relates to a culture medium for improving the amino acid content of pleurotus eryngii, wherein pennisetum alopecuroides is used for partially replacing bagasse, so that the advantages of high lignin and cellulose of pennisetum alopecuroides are fully utilized, the advantages of high yield, strong resistance, no special requirement on the growth environment and the like of pennisetum alopecuroides are fully utilized, the using amount of the bagasse is reduced, and the source of pleurotus eryngii culture raw materials is widened. The pleurotus eryngii fruiting body produced on the culture medium provided by the invention is remarkably improved in nutritional quality, the crude protein of pleurotus eryngii is improved by 10% -20%, the total amino acid content is improved by 6.8% -9%, the flavor development amino acid content is improved by 6% -8%, and the flavor of pleurotus eryngii is remarkably improved.
The conventional cultivation method of the pleurotus eryngii takes bagasse, wood chips, corncobs, wheat bran, corn flour, soybean meal and other conventional agricultural and forestry raw materials as cultivation raw materials, wherein the main production areas of the bagasse are in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan, the cost per ton reaches 390 yuan, and the shortage of the cultivation raw materials greatly increases the production cost. The pennisetum alopecuroides is a perennial herb of the gramineae, has high stem proportion, high lignin and cellulose content in the stems, good loose and breathable performance, good water retention performance, high crude protein content, rich nutrition and proper carbon-nitrogen ratio, and is very suitable to be used as an edible fungus culture medium.
The advantages of high lignin and cellulose content, high yield, strong resistance, no special requirement on growth environment and the like of the pennisetum alopecuroides can be fully utilized on raw materials, the raw materials are convenient to obtain, the production cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present invention more comprehensible, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
In this example, pennisetum hydridum of "Mincao No. 1" was selected, and pennisetum hydridum growing for 150 days was mowed and dried for use. The conventional cultivation material which is used more in the current production is used as the control of the test. On the basis of a formula of a control group, the proportion of pennisetum alopecuroides powder replacing bagasse (replacing 0, 50%, 75% and 100%) is adjusted to design a test formula for treatment. The design test formula is shown in table 1. Each test formula was set up for 3 replicates, with 120 bags per replicate.
Table 1. test Pleurotus eryngii cultivation material formula unit: is based on
1. Comparison of economic characters and yields of Pleurotus eryngii fruiting bodies
As can be seen from the morphological indexes of the fruiting bodies of pleurotus eryngii in the harvesting period (Table 2), the differences among the treatments in the aspects of height of single pleurotus eryngii, diameter of pileus and diameter of the middle part of stipe are not significant (P > 0.05), the diameter of the base part of the stipe is up to 4.50 cm compared with that of the formula 3 (P < 0.05), but the differences between the formulas 1 and 2 are not significant (P > 0.05). In terms of yield, the weight of the single pleurotus eryngii was 0.22kg at the lowest treatment 1, but the difference between the treatments was not significant (P > 0.05). The control and formulations 1, 2, 3 were 0.48kg, 0.47kg, 0.49kg, 0.44kg, respectively, in terms of weight per package, with the highest weight per package for formulation 2, but the differences between treatments were not significant (P > 0.05). The biotransformation rate and the yield change of the pleurotus eryngii in a single package are in the same trend, the biotransformation rate of the formula 2 is the highest, but the difference between treatments is not significant (P > 0.05).
TABLE 2 morphological index and yield of Pleurotus eryngii fruiting body in harvesting period
2. Analysis of fruiting body nutritional quality
From the analysis of the nutritional components of the pleurotus eryngii sporocarp (table 3), the contents of the crude proteins of the sporocarp of the comparison, the formulas 1, 2 and 3 are respectively 17.8%, 19.7%, 21.4% and 19.5%, wherein the crude protein content of the formula 2 is the highest, the crude protein contents of the formulas 1, 2 and 3 are respectively 10.67%, 20.22% and 9.55% higher than that of the comparison, and the formulas 1 to 3 are also improved to different degrees than that of the comparison in terms of the crude fat content. Therefore, the pennisetum alopecuroides is added in the production formula, so that the nutritional quality of the pleurotus eryngii sporocarp can be obviously improved. In addition, from the analysis of polysaccharide content of the fruiting body, formulas 1-3 showed a rising trend with the increase of the proportion of pennisetum alopecuroides, but formula 1 was lower than the control, formula 2 was equivalent to the control, and formula 3 was slightly higher than the control.
Table 3. analysis unit of nutritional quality of fruiting body: is based on
Amino acid content analysis is carried out on the fruit bodies of all the test groups, as can be seen from table 4, the total amino acid amounts of the formulas 1, 2 and 3 respectively reach 126.73 g/kg, 128.83 g/kg and 126.30 g/kg, and 3 formulas are obviously higher than that of a control group without pennisetum (P < 0.05). In the aspect of flavor development amino acid, the formulas 1, 2 and 3 are respectively improved by 5.94%, 7.31% and 5.16% compared with a control, the formula 2 is obviously higher than the control (P < 0.05) through variance analysis, and the formulas 1 and 3 are not obviously different from the control (P > 0.05), so that the flavor of the pleurotus eryngii can be obviously improved through reasonable utilization of the pennisetum.
Table 4. analysis unit of amino acid composition of fruiting body: g/kg
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A culture medium for improving the amino acid content of pleurotus eryngii is characterized in that: the raw materials are as follows by weight percent: 3.2% of bagasse, 9.8% of pennisetum, 22.2% of sawdust, 26% of corncob, 18% of bran, 8.8% of corn flour, 9% of soybean meal, 1.8% of light calcium, 1.2% of lime and 10% of pH value, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%.
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| CN103508772A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-01-15 | 新疆永华生物科技开发有限公司 | Culture material for industrial cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii |
| CN102845223B (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-04-30 | 福建农大菌草技术开发公司 | Method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii via bottles in greenhouse by using grasses |
| CN104108975A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-22 | 杨士春 | Pleurotus eryngii culture material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104016794B (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏久禾生物科技发展有限公司 | A kind of mixed culture material for planting almond abalone mushroom and bagging method thereof |
| CN105613041A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-01 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii by bag releasing and soil covering of fresh pennisetum giganteum cured mushroom sticks |
| CN106069180A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method utilizing energy grass biogas residue cultivation wood saprophage medicinal fungus |
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