CN107584838A - 一种重晶石医用防护服材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种重晶石医用防护服材料，包括隔离层和外防护层，所述隔离层厚度190～300μm，所述外防护层厚度为150～230μm。其制备方法包括以下步骤：（1）物理提纯重晶石并磨粉；（2）将制得的重晶石粉末与聚乙烯按重量比：3.5：6.5或4：7.5，均化、热压成型制得隔离层；（3）将制得的隔离层与丙纶纺粘无纺布进行热轧复合得到重晶石医用防护服材料，该材料具有良好的防辐射、透气及透湿性能，并且经洗涤、消毒后可重复使用，制备成本低，工艺简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种重晶石医用防护服材料及其制备方法，具体是一种以重晶石为添加剂与非织造布热轧制备复合性能医用防护服材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，随着先进的X射线诊断，以及心血管造影术、血管成形术的发展和快速普及，放射介入治疗广泛开展。而在心血管造影术、血管成形术等精细手术中，医学放射学工作者须长时间曝露在X射线场中工作。若机体在较长时间内连续或间断受到X射线照射且达到一定剂量时，组织中的细胞被电离辐射灭活，从而引起以造血组织损伤为主的放射性损伤，甚至导致白血病，皮肤癌等。如果眼睛长期受到超剂量辐射时，会引起晶状体病变，发生放射性白内障。
关于医疗X射线防护的研究大多局限于墙体、建筑材料、医疗设备的挡板等，对于医护人员自身的防护装备关注较少，而且由于成本等方面的原因，大部分医疗单位无法使用防护性能较好的防护服，特殊情况下使用的也是一次性防护服，造成资源浪费，成本居高不下，致使广大医护人员的健康安全难以得到保证。早期的医用X射线防护服一般以铅为屏蔽材料，由于其重量较重，质地较硬，往往使医学放射学工作者背部、腰部肌肉十分劳累，甚至受到损伤，且价格昂贵，容易造成铅中毒。在这种发展趋势下，如何保护医护人员免受各种射线伤害，显得尤为重要。
随着非织造布的飞速发展，医用手术服也日新月异，防粘布、水刺布、SMS复合布及闪蒸等非织造布应运而生，应用到医用手术服上也各有优缺点，防粘布透气性差，有质感，静水压低，防护性差，但价格相对便宜，因此防粘布是我国制造手术服的主要非织造布面料。通常为了达到防护效果，手术服面料通常还要经过层压或复膜处理，厚重且透气性非常差；水刺布穿着起来最像传统机织物，柔软，悬垂性好，但水刺技术有限，用于手术服的水刺非织造布不多，水刺手术服一般从国外进口，价格很高，所以国内很少有医院使用水刺布手术服；SMS非织造布防护性能好，且强度及耐磨性也好，但在线复合的SMS成本很高，手感也较差；闪蒸布过滤性能好，但非常不均匀，而且也只有拥有垄断技术的杜邦公司和日本旭化成公司可以做，价格很高。
发明内容
本发明提供一种重晶石医用防护服材料及其制备方法，将非织造布与非金属矿物中重晶石相结合，既保留非织造布质地轻盈特点又具有X射线防护功能，并且重晶石原料廉价易得，制得的医用防护服材料具有良好的防辐射、透气及透湿性能，并且经洗涤、消毒后可重复使用，制备成本低，工艺简单。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案来实现：一种重晶石医用防护服材料，包括隔离层和外防护层，其中，所述隔离层是由重晶石细粉末与聚乙烯按照重量比：3.5：6.5或4：7.5，均匀揉合加工制备而成，厚度190～300μm，所述外防护层为丙纶纺粘无纺布，厚度为150～230μm。
上述制备重晶石医用防护服材料的方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）原料制备：①选用湖南衡南重晶石矿，进行手选、重选和磁选物理提纯，得到BaSO4含量≥98%的重晶石；
②将步骤①制得的重晶石进行磨粉，磨粉粒径为1000～1250目。
（2）隔离层制备：将步骤（1）制得的重晶石粉末与聚乙烯重量比：3.5：6.5或4：7.5，均匀揉和，热压成型得到防护服隔离层非织造布。
（3）医用防护服材料制备：将步骤（2）制得的隔离层非织造布与丙纶纺粘无纺布进行热轧复合，热轧温度控制在130～140℃。
上述制备方法中，所述步骤（2）热压成型温度105～120℃，制得的隔离层非织造布的厚度190～300μm。
上述制备方法中，所述步骤（3）选用的丙纶纺粘无纺布厚度为150～230μm，制得的医用防护服的厚度420～450μm。
本发明提供一种重晶石医用防护服材料及其制备方法，将非织造布与非金属矿物中重晶石相结合，既保留非织造布质地轻盈特点又具有X射线防护功能，并且重晶石原料廉价易得，制得的医用防护服材料具有良好的防辐射、透气及透湿性能，并且经洗涤、消毒后可重复使用，制备成本低，工艺简单。
附图说明
图1 本发明重晶石医用防护服制备工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式及对本发明作进一步的详细说明：
实施例1：
一种重晶石医用防护服材料，包括隔离层和外防护层，其中，所述隔离层是由重晶石细粉末与聚乙烯按照重量比：3.5：6.5均匀揉合加工制备而成，厚度190μm，所述外防护层为丙纶纺粘无纺布，厚度为230μm。其中，制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）原料制备：①选用湖南衡南重晶石矿，进行手选、重选和磁选物理提纯，得到BaSO4含量≥98%的重晶石；
②将步骤①制得的重晶石进行磨粉，磨粉粒径为1250目。
（2）隔离层制备：将步骤（1）制得的重晶石粉末与聚乙烯重量比：3.5：6.5，均匀揉和，在温度105℃下热压成型得到防护服隔离层非织造布190μm。
（3）医用防护服材料制备：将步骤（2）制得的隔离层非织造布与丙纶纺粘无纺布进行热轧复合，热轧温度控制在130℃，最高不超过140℃。
上述制备方法中，所述步骤（3）选用的丙纶纺粘无纺布厚度为230μm，制得的医用防护服的厚度420μm。
实施例2
一种重晶石医用防护服材料，包括隔离层和外防护层，其中，所述隔离层是由重晶石细粉末与聚乙烯按照重量比：4：7.5均匀揉合加工制备而成，厚度300μm，所述外防护层为丙纶纺粘无纺布，厚度为150μm。其中，制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）原料制备：①选用湖南衡南重晶石矿，进行手选、重选和磁选物理提纯，得到BaSO4含量≥98%的重晶石；
②将步骤①制得的重晶石进行磨粉，磨粉粒径为1000目。
（2）隔离层制备：将步骤（1）制得的重晶石粉末与聚乙烯重量比：4：7.5，均匀揉和，在温度120℃下热压成型得到防护服隔离层非织造布190μm。
（3）医用防护服材料制备：将步骤（2）制得的隔离层非织造布与丙纶纺粘无纺布进行热轧复合，热轧温度控制在135℃。
上述制备方法中，所述步骤（3）选用的丙纶纺粘无纺布厚度为150μm，制得的医用防护服的厚度450μm。
实施例1和2制得的重晶石医用防护服材料，待自然冷却后进行检验、剪裁成医用防护服成品。
将本发明制备的防护服与市面上其他医用防护服进行比较，见下表。
表1 几种防护服性能对比
由上表可以看出，本发明生产出的医用防辐射防护服各方面性能均优于市面产品，无论在拉伸强度、透气、透湿度和射线防护等方面都表现出很大的优势。
Claims (5)
1.一种重晶石医用防护服材料，包括隔离层和外防护层，其特征在于，所述隔离层是由重晶石细粉末与聚乙烯按照重量比：3.5：6.5，均匀揉合加工制备而成，厚度190～300μm，所述外防护层为丙纶纺粘无纺布，厚度为150～230μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种重晶石医用防护服材料，其特征在于，所述隔离层中重晶石细粉末与聚乙烯重量比：4：7.5。
3.一种制备如权利要求1所述的重晶石医用防护服材料的方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）原料制备：选用湖南衡南重晶石矿，进行手选、重选和磁选物理提纯，得到BaSO4含
量≥98%的重晶石；将步骤制得的重晶石进行磨粉，磨粉粒径为1000～1250目；
（2）隔离层制备：将步骤（1）制得的重晶石粉末与聚乙烯重量比：3.5：6.5或4：7.5，均匀揉和，热压成型得到防护服隔离层非织造布；
（3）医用防护服材料制备：将步骤（2）制得的隔离层非织造布与丙纶纺粘无纺布进行热轧复合，热轧温度控制在130～140℃。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种制备重晶石医用防护服材料的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）热压成型温度105～120℃，制得的隔离层非织造布的厚度190～300μm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种制备重晶石医用防护服材料的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3）选用的丙纶纺粘无纺布厚度为150～230μm，制得的医用防护服的厚度420～450μm。
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