CN107575158B - Magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor - Google Patents
Magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN107575158B CN107575158B CN201710878762.5A CN201710878762A CN107575158B CN 107575158 B CN107575158 B CN 107575158B CN 201710878762 A CN201710878762 A CN 201710878762A CN 107575158 B CN107575158 B CN 107575158B
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application discloses a magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor, which comprises: the device comprises a shell, a power module, a transmission module and an impact module; the transmission module is used for transmitting the power of the power module to the impact module so as to enable the impact module to form reciprocating impact motion; a first magnet and a second magnet are also arranged in the shell; the like magnetic poles of the first magnet and the second magnet are arranged opposite to each other along the impact direction, and a gap is formed between the first magnet and the second magnet; compressing a separation distance between the first magnet and the second magnet when the impact module moves upwards; and when the impact module moves downwards, repulsive force between the first magnet and the second magnet acts on the impact module. The magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor disclosed by the application can greatly improve the drilling speed of hard rock, prevent well deviation, prolong the service life of a drill bit and effectively improve the service life and reliability of the drill bit.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of downhole tools for oil and gas drilling, and particularly relates to a magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor suitable for accelerating oil and gas drilling of deep wells and ultra-deep well hard formations.
Background
The rotary impact drilling technology is one of the effective technologies for realizing the rapid drilling of hard formations of deep wells and ultra-deep wells under the existing drilling process conditions. While the key tool to implement rotary impact drilling technology is the down-hole impactor. At present, the impactor commonly used in oil and gas drilling is a hydraulic impactor, and the use of the impactor can greatly improve the drilling speed of hard rock, prevent well deviation, prolong the service life of a drill bit and the like.
The hydraulic impactor has a plurality of problems in the use process, and key components of the hydraulic impactor are springs, sealing elements, valves or jet flow elements and the like. The spring has short service life under the high-frequency and high-power output condition; the sealing element has limited temperature resistance and abrasion resistance and is easy to fail in the solid-phase-containing fluid of the deep well; the valve or the jet element is easy to wear under the flushing of the solid-phase drilling fluid with high discharge capacity and high viscosity, and the service life is short.
The underground pressure system is complex, and the density and viscosity of drilling fluid are greatly changed, so that the impact frequency and impact energy of the hydraulic impactor are difficult to accurately control. Meanwhile, the hydraulic impactor has great loss of pressure of drilling fluid.
These deficiencies severely limit the use of hydraulic impactors in oil and gas drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present application to provide a magnetic energy storage rotary drilling impactor suitable for accelerating oil and gas drilling in hard formations of deep wells and ultra-deep wells, so as to solve at least one of the above problems.
The scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
a magnetic energy storage rotary drilling impactor comprising: a housing, a power module, a transmission module, and an impact module located within the housing; the transmission module is used for transmitting the power of the power module to the impact module so as to enable the impact module to form reciprocating impact motion;
the shell is internally provided with a first magnet and a second magnet which are distributed along the impact direction; the like magnetic poles of the first magnet and the second magnet are arranged opposite to each other along the impact direction, and a gap is formed between the first magnet and the second magnet;
compressing a separation distance between the first magnet and the second magnet when the impact module moves upwards; and when the impact module moves downwards, repulsive force between the first magnet and the second magnet acts on the impact module.
As a preferred embodiment, the first magnet is located above the second magnet and is fixed in position, and the second magnet can reciprocate with the impact module.
As a preferred embodiment, the impact module comprises a cylindrical cam, a cam driven push rod and a hammer ram within the housing; the cylindrical cam is sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod and is fixed in position; the impact hammer is positioned below the cylindrical cam and is connected with the lower end of the cam transmission push rod; the second magnet is fixedly sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod; the cylindrical cam is provided with a track structure; the cam transmission push rod can drive the impact hammer to reciprocate along the track structure.
As a preferred embodiment, the track structure includes a curved profile track disposed on an upper end surface of the cylindrical cam; the curved profile track comprises a plurality of track units which are connected in series to form a circular ring; each track unit is provided with a lift section and a return section along the circumferential direction, and a return section is arranged between every two adjacent lift sections; the return section is a section parallel to the impact direction.
As a preferred embodiment, the contour of the lift segment is sinusoidal.
As a preferable implementation mode, a cam roller seat is fixedly sleeved above the cylindrical cam outside the cam transmission push rod; the lower end of the cam roller seat is provided with a cam roller; the cam roller seat can move along the curved profile track through the cam roller.
As a preferred implementation mode, the shell is internally provided with a magnet positioning ring sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod; the magnet positioning ring is fixed on the inner wall of the shell and is positioned above the first magnet; the outer wall of the cam transmission push rod is positioned below the second magnet and provided with a limiting step; the first magnet and the second magnet are sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod and are positioned between the magnet positioning ring and the limiting step.
As a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the housing is provided with a thread section; the magnet positioning ring is connected to the thread section through threads; the magnet positioning ring can adjust the initial gap distance between the first magnet and the second magnet through rotation.
As a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the cam roller seat is provided with a trapezoid protruding structure; the end part of the trapezoid protruding structure is provided with a roller; the number of the trapezoid protruding structures is equal to that of the track units and corresponds to the track units one by one.
As a preferred embodiment, the transmission module comprises a fixed-position transmission shaft; the upper end of the transmission shaft is connected with the power module, and the lower end of the transmission shaft is connected with the upper end of the cam transmission push rod through a flat key so as to drive the cam transmission push rod to rotate; the cam drive push rod can reciprocate up and down relative to the transmission shaft.
As a preferred embodiment, a key slot for accommodating the flat key is arranged at the upper end of the cam transmission push rod; the upper end of the cam driving push rod extends into the lower end of the cam driving push rod; the flat key is fixed in the key groove through a screw.
As a preferred embodiment, the transmission shaft is sleeved with a bearing; the outer ring of the bearing is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixed outside the transmission shaft.
As a preferred embodiment, the bearing is an angular contact ball; and a bearing pressing cover is arranged below the bearing.
As a preferred embodiment, the power module comprises a downhole motor fixed to the inner wall of the housing; the underground motor is fixed on the shell through a positioning screw; and an output shaft of the underground motor is connected with the upper end of the transmission shaft.
As a preferred embodiment, the housing is provided with an anvil below the hammer ram; the anvil body is used for the impact of the impact hammer; the lower end of the anvil body extends out of the shell and is connected with the lower interface tube through conical threads.
As a preferred embodiment, the housing includes an upper housing, a middle housing, and a lower housing; the lower end of the upper shell is connected with the upper end of the middle shell through conical threads; the lower end of the middle shell is connected with the upper end of the lower shell through conical threads; the power module and the transmission module are fixed on the upper shell; the first magnet, the second magnet and the impact module are positioned in the middle shell and the lower shell.
As a preferred embodiment, the downhole motor is an adjustable frequency motor.
As a preferred embodiment, the second magnet and the first magnet are not in contact when the cam follower lever is in the uppermost position of the lift segment.
Compared with the prior art, the magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor provided by the application has the following advantages:
1. the transmission and impact processes of the application are all realized by pure mechanical mechanisms, so that vulnerable parts such as valves, jet flow elements and the like are avoided, and the impactor has long service life and high reliability; meanwhile, the pure mechanical transmission and impact are not influenced by a drilling fluid system, the working condition of the impactor is less limited, the application range is wide, and the device can be suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure underground environments.
2. The impact power of the impact device is obtained by a pair of permanent magnets by utilizing the characteristic that homopolar repulsion (homopolar repulsion) of the magnets, the gap distance between the two poles is compressed, the repulsive force is rapidly increased, the impact hammer obtains the impact power under the action of the repulsive force, and the two magnets are not in direct mechanical contact in the energy storage and energy release processes, so that the mechanical fatigue damage caused by the cyclic compression of the spring in the spring energy storage process is avoided, and the service life and the reliability of the whole impact device are effectively improved.
3. The underground motor provides power for the whole impactor, the impact frequency of the impactor is regulated by regulating the rotating speed of the underground motor, and the impact frequency is stable and is not influenced by the change of a drilling fluid system.
Specific embodiments of the application are disclosed in detail below with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the application may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the application are not limited in scope thereby. The embodiments of the application include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cylindrical cam of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an expanded view of the curved profile trajectory of FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the lower housing and anvil of fig. 1.
Wherein: 1-upper shell, 2-down-hole motor, 3-O type sealing ring, 4-transmission shaft, 5-angular contact ball bearing, 6-bearing pressing cover, 7-magnet positioning ring, 8-first magnet, 9-second magnet, 10-cam transmission push rod, 11-cam roller seat, 12-cylindrical cam, 13-oil seal, 14-middle shell, 15-impact hammer, 16-anvil body, 17-lower shell, 18-lower interface, 19-O type sealing ring, 20-hexagon socket head cap screw, 21-cam roller, 22-sliding flat key, 120-curved profile track, 121-lift section, 122-return section.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, schematic diagrams of a magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor according to an embodiment of the application are shown. Wherein, this magnetic force energy storage formula rotary drilling impacter includes: a housing, a power module, a transmission module, and an impact module located within the housing; the transmission module is used for transmitting the power of the power module to the impact module so as to enable the impact module to form reciprocating impact motion.
In this embodiment, the housing is further provided with a first magnet 8 and a second magnet 9 arranged along the impact direction; like magnetic poles of the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 are disposed to face each other in the impact direction, and a gap is formed between the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9. The impact module compresses the separation distance between the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 when moving upwards; the repulsive force between the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 works the impact module when the impact module moves downwards.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the housing is the same as the impact direction (movement direction) of the impact module. The housing may be of a circular tubular configuration. To facilitate the installation of the individual components, the housing may include an upper housing 1, a middle housing 14, and a lower housing 17. Specifically, the lower end of the upper housing 1 is connected to the upper end of the middle housing 14 through a tapered thread; the lower end of the middle shell 14 is connected with the upper end of the lower shell 17 through conical threads; the power module and the transmission module are fixed on the upper shell 1; the first magnet 8, the second magnet 9 and the impact module are located in the middle housing 14 and the lower housing 17.
When the magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor is used, power is applied to the impact module through the power module through the transmission module, and the impact module performs up-and-down reciprocating impact motion. And when the impact module is in an upstroke, the interval distance between the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 is compressed, so that the repulsive force between the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 is rapidly increased, and then when the impact module is in a downstroke (downwards motion), the impact module obtains very large impact force under the action of repulsive force, thereby obtaining better impact effect and greatly improving the drilling speed of a hard rock layer.
In this embodiment, the magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor adopts the form that the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 are matched to provide impact force for the impactor, so that vulnerable parts such as a valve and a jet element are avoided, and the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 are permanent magnets and can keep magnetism for a long time (permanently keep magnetism in a theoretical state), thereby having better service life and reliability.
The impact module comprises a cylindrical cam 12, a cam transmission push rod 10 and a punch hammer 15 which are positioned in the shell; the cylindrical cam 12 is sleeved outside the cam driving push rod 10 and is fixed in position. Wherein, the lower part of the cylindrical cam 12 can be also provided with an oil seal to ensure tightness. The impact hammer 15 is positioned below the cylindrical cam 12 and is connected with the lower end of the cam transmission push rod 10; the second magnet 9 is fixedly sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod 10. The cylindrical cam 12 is provided with a track structure. The cam drive push rod 10 can drive the impact hammer 15 to reciprocate along the track structure.
The track structure comprises a curved profile track 120 arranged on the upper end surface of the cylindrical cam 12; the curved profile track 120 includes a plurality of track units connected in series to form a ring; each track unit is provided with a lift section 121 and a return section 122 along the circumferential direction, and a return section 122 is arranged between every two adjacent lift sections 121; the return section 122 is a section parallel to the impact direction. Specifically, the contour of the lift segment 121 is sinusoidal. The end position of the lift segment 121 (also the apex position of the return segment 122) is highest, and the vertical cross section of the return segment 122 can facilitate rapid drop-back of the ram 15.
In this embodiment, when the cam driving push rod 10 is located at the highest position of the lift segment 121, the second magnet 9 and the first magnet 8 are not contacted, and a gap still exists between the two, so that the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 have no direct mechanical contact in the process of energy storage and energy release, fatigue damage and impact caused by contact are avoided, and the service life and reliability of the whole impactor are improved.
A cam roller seat 11 is fixedly sleeved above the cylindrical cam 12 outside the cam transmission push rod 10; the lower end of the cam roller seat 11 is provided with a cam roller 21; the cam roller seat 11 is movable along the curved profile path 120 by the cam roller 21. Wherein, the lower end of the cam roller seat 11 is provided with a trapezoid protruding structure; the end part of the trapezoid protruding structure is provided with a cam roller 21; the number of the trapezoid protruding structures is equal to that of the track units and corresponds to the track units one by one.
Specifically, the cylindrical cam 12 is fitted on the inner wall of the middle housing 14 and fixed circumferentially by screws. The lower end of the cylindrical cam 12 is in step contact with the inner wall of the middle housing 14, thereby achieving axial positioning of the cylindrical cam 12. The cam roller 21 is mounted on the cam roller seat 11, the cam roller 21 contacts with the curved profile locus 120 of the cylindrical cam 12, and the cam driving push rod 10 rotates to drive the cam roller 21 to move along the curved profile locus 120 of the cylindrical cam 12.
In the present embodiment, the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 are annular permanent magnets. The second magnet 9 and the first magnet 8 are assembled on the cam transmission push rod 10, the two permanent magnets (the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9) are arranged to be homopolar (homopolar magnetic poles) opposite, the homopolar magnetic poles of the magnets repel each other, and the repulsive force between the two permanent magnets (the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9) provides impact force for the whole impactor.
In the present embodiment, the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 are permanent magnets, and the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 can generate and transmit an impact force without contact. One of the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 may reciprocate up and down with the impact module, and the other is fixed so that the gap distance between the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 is changed when the impact module moves. Specifically, the first magnet 8 may be located above the second magnet 9 and fixed in position, and the second magnet 9 may reciprocate with the impact module.
In order to facilitate the installation of the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9, a magnet positioning ring 7 sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod 10 is also arranged in the shell. The magnet positioning ring 7 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell and is positioned above the first magnet 8; a limiting step (not labeled) is arranged below the second magnet 9 on the outer wall of the cam transmission push rod 10; the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 are sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod 10 and are positioned between the magnet positioning ring 7 and the limiting step.
Through so setting, need not to offer mounting structure on first magnet 8 and second magnet 9, first magnet 8 and second magnet 9 are fixed in between spacing step and the magnet holding ring 7 through the effect of repulsive force, simultaneously, first magnet 8 is spacing in the position because the effect of magnet holding ring 7 of top (be fixed in on the casing) can't go upward. Similarly, the second magnet 9 is limited by the limiting step and is fixed on the cam follower 10 under the action of repulsive force, and moves together with the cam follower 10.
In order to facilitate the adjustment of the initial gap distance between the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 so as to adapt to different underground conditions and impact requirements, the inner wall of the shell is provided with a thread section; the magnet positioning ring 7 is connected to the thread section through threads; the magnet positioning ring 7 can adjust its own screwing distance by rotating, so as to adjust the initial gap distance between the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9. Specifically, the magnet positioning ring 7 is movable in the impact direction (or the repulsive force direction) by rotation, and the rotation of the magnet positioning ring 7 is stopped when a desired gap distance between the first magnet 8 and the second magnet 9 is obtained.
The transmission module comprises a transmission shaft 4 with a fixed position. The drive shaft 4 is preferably a hollow drive shaft 4. The upper end of the transmission shaft 4 is connected with the power module, and the lower end of the transmission shaft 4 is connected with the upper end of the cam transmission push rod 10 through a flat key 22 so as to drive the cam transmission push rod 10 to rotate. The cam follower 10 can reciprocate up and down with respect to the drive shaft 4.
Specifically, the flat key 22 is preferably a normal flat key. The upper end of the cam driving push rod 10 is provided with a key slot for accommodating the flat key 22; the upper end of the cam driving push rod 10 extends into the lower end of the cam driving push rod 10; the flat key 22 is fixed in the key groove by a screw. Wherein, the transmission shaft 4 is a stepped shaft, the inner hole is a drilling fluid channel, and the inner hole is a stepped hole. The first steps at the two ends of the inner hole of the transmission shaft 4 are respectively provided with a common flat key groove, and the second step hole is an O-shaped sealing ring sealing section for placing an O-shaped sealing ring to seal the joint of the transmission shaft 4, the power output shaft and the cam transmission push rod 10.
The transmission shaft 4 is sleeved with a bearing 5; the outer ring of the bearing 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, and the inner ring of the bearing 5 is fixed outside the transmission shaft 4. Specifically, the bearing 5 is an angular contact ball; a bearing pressing cover 6 is arranged below the bearing 5. Wherein the angular ball bearing 5 is fitted to the inner wall of the upper housing 1, thereby supporting and fixing the drive shaft 4. The outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing 5 is matched with a step on the inner wall of the upper shell 1, the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing 5 is matched with a shaft shoulder of the transmission shaft 4, and the bearing pressing cover 6 is in threaded connection with the upper shell so as to press the angular contact ball bearing 5, so that the axial positioning and fixing of the transmission shaft 4 are realized.
The power module comprises a downhole motor 2 fixed on the inner wall of the shell; the downhole motor 2 is fixed on the shell through a positioning screw; an output shaft of the downhole motor 2 is connected with the upper end of the transmission shaft 4. In particular, the downhole motor 2 is preferably an adjustable frequency motor. The downhole motor 2 is fixed on the upper shell 1 through socket head cap screws 20 (positioning screws), wherein six positioning screws 20 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the upper shell 1 to fix the downhole motor 2 on the inner wall of the upper shell 1. The O-shaped sealing ring 3 at the output shaft end of the underground motor 2 realizes the sealing between the transmission shaft 4 and the output shaft of the underground motor 2, thereby preventing the drilling fluid from leaking.
An anvil body 16 is arranged below the impact hammer 15; the anvil body 16 is used for the impact of the impact hammer 15; the lower end of the anvil body 16 extends out of the housing and is connected to a lower mouthpiece 18 by tapered threads. Specifically, the punch 15 is integrally connected to the lower end of the cam follower 10 by fine threads. The lower end of the hammer 15 is in clearance fit with the anvil 16, thereby ensuring the circumferential rotation and axial reciprocation of the hammer 15, and the connection of the lower end of the hammer 15 and the anvil 16 is sealed by an O-ring 19. The anvil body 16 is cooperatively connected with the lower housing 17 by a hexagonal structure to effect torque transfer from the upper drill rod to the drill bit. The anvil body 16 is connected to the lower interface tube 18 by tapered threads.
The working process of the magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor provided by the embodiment is as follows: the downhole motor 2 transmits torque to the cam follower 10 through the drive shaft 4 and rotates the cam follower 10. The cam follower 10 rotates to move the cam roller 21 along the curved profile path 120 of the cylindrical cam 12. The cam roller 21 rises along the lift segment 121 of the curved profile track 120 of the cylindrical cam 12, the entire cam follower 10 is lifted simultaneously with the second magnet 9 assembled therewith, and then the gap distance between the second magnet 9 and the first magnet 8 is reduced, the repulsive force between the two permanent magnets is rapidly increased, the magnetic potential energy is increased, and at the same time, the hammer ram 15 is lifted axially, and an axial distance is generated between the hammer ram and the anvil body 16. When the cam roller 21 rotates to the return section 122 of the cylindrical cam 12, the return section 122 is a vertical section (the outline is approximately straight), the cam roller 21 and the cam transmission push rod 10 instantaneously fall back under the repulsive force of the two permanent magnets, the magnetic potential energy is rapidly released, the impact hammer 15 synchronously and rapidly falls back, the anvil body 16 is axially impacted under the repulsive force and the gravity in a short time, the axial impact vibration is transmitted to a drill bit connected with the anvil body through the lower interface tube 18, the axial impact process is circularly and reciprocally performed, the impact hammer 15 continuously impacts the anvil body 16 at a certain frequency, and the impact vibration is transmitted to the drill bit, so that the impact vibration efficiency of the magnetic energy storage type magnetic energy storage rotary drilling impactor in underground drilling is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the magnetic energy storage type rotary drilling impactor provided by the embodiment has the following advantages:
1. the transmission and impact processes of the embodiment are all realized by pure mechanical mechanisms, so that vulnerable parts such as valves, jet elements and the like are avoided, and the impactor has long service life and high reliability; meanwhile, the pure mechanical transmission and impact are not influenced by a drilling fluid system, the working condition of the impactor is less limited, the application range is wide, and the device can be suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure underground environments.
2. The impact power of the impact device is obtained by utilizing the characteristics of homopolar repulsion (homopolar repulsion) of a pair of permanent magnets, compressing the gap distance between the two poles, and rapidly increasing the repulsive force, wherein the impact hammer 15 obtains the impact power under the repulsive force, and the two magnets do not have direct mechanical contact in the energy storage and energy release processes, so that the mechanical fatigue damage caused by the cyclic compression of the spring in the spring energy storage process is avoided, and the service life and the reliability of the whole impact device are effectively improved.
3. The underground motor 2 provides power for the whole impactor, the impact frequency of the impactor is regulated by regulating the rotating speed of the underground motor 2, and the impact frequency is stable and is not influenced by the change of a drilling fluid system.
Any numerical value recited herein includes all values of the lower and upper values that increment by one unit from the lower value to the upper value, as long as there is a spacing of at least two units between any lower value and any higher value. For example, if it is stated that the number of components or the value of a process variable (e.g., temperature, pressure, time, etc.) is from 1 to 90, preferably from 20 to 80, more preferably from 30 to 70, then the purpose is to explicitly list such values as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32, etc. in this specification as well. For values less than 1, one unit is suitably considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1. These are merely examples that are intended to be explicitly recited in this description, and all possible combinations of values recited between the lowest value and the highest value are believed to be explicitly stated in the description in a similar manner.
Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges include endpoints and all numbers between endpoints. "about" or "approximately" as used with a range is applicable to both endpoints of the range. Thus, "about 20 to 30" is intended to cover "about 20 to about 30," including at least the indicated endpoints.
All articles and references, including patent applications and publications, disclosed herein are incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of …" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not substantially affect the essential novel features of the combination. The use of the terms "comprises" or "comprising" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments consisting essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended that any attribute described as "may" be included is optional.
Multiple elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, component, section or step is not intended to exclude other elements, components, sections or steps.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of the present teachings should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but instead should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of completeness. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the preceding claims is not intended to forego such subject matter, nor should the inventors regard such subject matter as not be considered to be part of the disclosed subject matter.
Claims (18)
1. A magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor comprising: a housing, a power module, a transmission module, and an impact module located within the housing; the transmission module is used for transmitting the power of the power module to the impact module so as to enable the impact module to form reciprocating impact motion;
the shell is internally provided with a first magnet and a second magnet which are distributed along the impact direction of the impact module; the like magnetic poles of the first magnet and the second magnet are arranged opposite to each other along the impact direction, and a gap is formed between the first magnet and the second magnet;
compressing a separation distance between the first magnet and the second magnet when the impact module moves upwards; and when the impact module moves downwards, repulsive force between the first magnet and the second magnet acts on the impact module.
2. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 1, wherein: the first magnet is positioned above the second magnet and is fixed in position, and the second magnet can reciprocate along with the impact module.
3. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 2, wherein: the impact module comprises a cylindrical cam, a cam transmission push rod and a impact hammer which are positioned in the shell; the cylindrical cam is sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod and is fixed in position; the impact hammer is positioned below the cylindrical cam and is connected with the lower end of the cam transmission push rod; the second magnet is fixedly sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod; the cylindrical cam is provided with a track structure; the cam transmission push rod can drive the impact hammer to reciprocate along the track structure.
4. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 3, wherein: the track structure comprises a curved surface contour track arranged on the upper end surface of the cylindrical cam; the curved profile track comprises a plurality of track units which are connected in series to form a circular ring; each track unit is provided with a lift section and a return section along the circumferential direction, and a return section is arranged between every two adjacent lift sections; the return section is a section parallel to the impact direction.
5. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 4, wherein: the contour of the lift segment is sinusoidal.
6. A magnetic energy storage rotary drilling impactor as defined in claim 4 or 5, wherein: a cam roller seat is fixedly sleeved above the cylindrical cam outside the cam transmission push rod; the lower end of the cam roller seat is provided with a roller; the cam roller seat can move along the curved profile track through the cam roller.
7. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 3, wherein: a magnet positioning ring sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod is also arranged in the shell; the magnet positioning ring is fixed on the inner wall of the shell and is positioned above the first magnet; the outer wall of the cam transmission push rod is positioned below the second magnet and provided with a limiting step; the first magnet and the second magnet are sleeved outside the cam transmission push rod and are positioned between the magnet positioning ring and the limiting step.
8. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 7, wherein: a thread section is arranged on the inner wall of the shell; the magnet positioning ring is connected to the thread section through threads; the magnet positioning ring can adjust the initial gap distance between the first magnet and the second magnet through rotation.
9. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 6, wherein: the lower end of the cam roller seat is provided with a trapezoid protruding structure; the end part of the trapezoid protruding structure is provided with a cam roller; the number of the trapezoid protruding structures is equal to that of the track units and corresponds to the track units one by one.
10. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 3, wherein: the transmission module comprises a transmission shaft with a fixed position; the upper end of the transmission shaft is connected with the power module, and the lower end of the transmission shaft is connected with the upper end of the cam transmission push rod through a flat key so as to drive the cam transmission push rod to rotate; the cam drive push rod can reciprocate up and down relative to the transmission shaft.
11. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 10, wherein: the upper end of the cam transmission push rod is provided with a key slot for accommodating the flat key; the upper end of the cam driving push rod extends into the lower end of the cam driving push rod; the flat key is fixed in the key groove through a screw.
12. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 10, wherein: the transmission shaft is sleeved with a bearing; the outer ring of the bearing is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixed outside the transmission shaft.
13. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 12, wherein: the bearing is an angular contact ball; and a bearing pressing cover is arranged below the bearing.
14. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 1, wherein: the power module comprises a downhole motor fixed on the inner wall of the shell; the underground motor is fixed on the shell through a positioning screw; and an output shaft of the underground motor is connected with the upper end of a transmission shaft of the transmission module.
15. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 3, wherein: an anvil body is arranged below the impact hammer; the anvil body is used for the impact of the impact hammer; the lower end of the anvil body extends out of the shell and is connected with the lower interface tube through conical threads.
16. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 1, wherein: the shell comprises an upper shell, a middle shell and a lower shell; the lower end of the upper shell is connected with the upper end of the middle shell through conical threads; the lower end of the middle shell is connected with the upper end of the lower shell through conical threads; the power module and the transmission module are fixed on the upper shell; the first magnet, the second magnet and the impact module are positioned in the middle shell and the lower shell.
17. The magnetic energy storage rotary drill impactor of claim 14, wherein: the downhole motor is a frequency-adjustable motor.
18. A magnetic energy storage rotary drilling impactor as defined in claim 4 or 5, wherein: the cam follower lever is positioned at the uppermost position of the lift segment such that the second magnet is not in contact with the first magnet.
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| CN108252650B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2023-09-08 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Downhole magnetic force-based rotary impact tool and method |
| CN110202610B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2023-06-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Bionic cam type active elastic vertebra joint and working method thereof |
| CN112576185B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2023-04-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A acceleration instrument for drilling tool in pit |
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