CN107558784B - Semi-underground multifunctional granary for storing bulk grain - Google Patents

Semi-underground multifunctional granary for storing bulk grain Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107558784B
CN107558784B CN201710837973.4A CN201710837973A CN107558784B CN 107558784 B CN107558784 B CN 107558784B CN 201710837973 A CN201710837973 A CN 201710837973A CN 107558784 B CN107558784 B CN 107558784B
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grain
bin
granary
underground
semi
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CN107558784A (en
Inventor
王振清
曹利岗
侯业茂
田江奎
姚德军
刘文勇
张娟
郭婵姣
袁海龙
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Henan University Of Technology Design And Research Institute Co ltd
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HENAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY DESIGN AND RESEARCH ACADEMY
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/51Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for storing agricultural or horticultural products

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of grain storage, and particularly relates to a semi-underground multifunctional grain bin for storing bulk grain, which comprises a grain bin foundation, a bin body and a bin top (1), wherein a plurality of grain outlet equipment cavities (6) are formed in the inner wall of the bin body, each grain outlet equipment cavity (6) is communicated with the inside of the grain bin through a blanking pipe (7), adjacent grain outlet equipment cavities (6) are communicated through grain outlet channels (8), grain outlet wells (11) are formed in the end parts of the bin body, the grain outlet wells (11) are communicated with the grain outlet equipment cavities (6), lifting devices (12) are arranged in the grain outlet wells (11), and grain inlet equipment cavities (21) are formed in the upper end faces of the bin top (1). The invention is not limited by the constructed geographical environment by arranging the semi-underground bin body, and the bin body and the granary foundation which are positioned under the ground are simultaneously used as structures for dispersing the horizontal load of grains in the granary, so that the accommodation capacity of the granary is greatly increased.

Description

Semi-underground multifunctional granary for storing bulk grain
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grain storage, and particularly relates to a semi-underground multifunctional granary for storing bulk grains.
Background
As a large country for grain production and consumption, the production and storage of grains in China have a long history, according to cultural relics and history examination of mass unearthed in the last fifty years of China, the original agriculture in China starts to advance in the late stage of the old stone age and advances in the new stone age, while the storage of grains is continued in agricultural cultivation, and the storage technology is developed along with the development of agriculture. After entering the new period, with the development of the original agriculture, the agriculture production forms a certain scale, and the grains remain and gradually develop from grain processing to storage. And the granary is an important component of grain storage technology.
The existing grain storage barn is divided into an overground barn and an underground barn, wherein the overground barn comprises a barn top and a barn body connected with the barn top, the inside of the barn body comprises an inner wall and an outer wall, the inner wall is provided with arc-shaped periodic protrusions, the protrusions are longitudinally distributed along the barn body, the inner wall and the outer wall are connected with each other to form a heat-insulating closed space, the construction amount and the construction difficulty of the granary are large in the construction process, the granary is limited by the horizontal load of grains in the granary, the height and the sectional area of the overground barn are generally small, and the heat-insulating and moisture-proof effects are poor;
the structural performance of the underground granary is quite different from that of the ground granary, for example, an underground granary for storing bulk grains is disclosed in application publication number CN104164993A, and comprises a granary body grain storage layer, a conveying channel and the like: the grain storage layer of the bin body consists of a cylindrical middle bin wall, two vertical round end bin walls and a ring beam which are horizontally arranged; the conveying channel consists of a horizontal conveying channel at the bottom of the middle bin wall and a vertical conveying channel at the side surface of the end bin wall, wherein the bin top grain inlet is positioned at the top of the middle bin wall, and the bin top grain inlet is positioned at the top of the vertical conveying channel and is connected with the ground, so that uniform grain inlet and outlet operation can be realized, and ventilation, manual overhaul and equipment maintenance can be realized by entering the bin body and the inside of the conveying channel. The temperature and humidity and the tightness in the underground granary are easier to control, the underground granary has the characteristics of firm structure, no cultivated land occupation or less cultivated land occupation, the surrounding land is used for neutralizing the horizontal load of grains, the space of the granary can be larger, but the existing underground granary also has some defects, such as easy influence of natural conditions such as topography, landform and the like, so that the granary cannot be applied and popularized in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a semi-underground multifunctional granary for storing bulk grain, by arranging a semi-underground granary body, the advantages of an overground granary and an underground granary are combined, the defects of the overground granary and the underground granary are overcome, the invention is not limited by the constructed geographic environment any more, and the granary body and the granary foundation which are positioned under the ground are simultaneously used as structures for dispersing the grain horizontal load in the granary, so that the accommodation capacity of the granary is greatly increased.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a semi-underground is used for storing multi-functional granary of bulk grain, includes granary basis, the storehouse body and storehouse top, the storehouse body includes the underground storehouse body and the storehouse body on the ground, and the inner wall of the underground storehouse body sets up a plurality of grain discharging equipment cavities, and every grain discharging equipment cavity all communicates with the granary through the unloading pipe, and adjacent grain discharging equipment cavity is linked together through going out the grain passageway between, and grain discharging well is seted up respectively to the tip of the storehouse body, and grain discharging well is linked together with the grain discharging equipment cavity of tip, be equipped with hoisting device in the grain discharging well, the storehouse top is sloping structure, the up end of storehouse top sets up into grain discharging equipment cavity.
Further, the granary foundation sequentially comprises a granary inner terrace stress layer, a granary inner terrace pressing layer and a granary inner terrace construction layer from bottom to top, wherein the granary inner terrace stress layer is of a reinforced concrete structure, the granary inner terrace pressing layer is of a plain concrete structure, and the granary inner terrace construction layer is of a mortar plastering layer.
Furthermore, the upper end face of the granary foundation is provided with a plurality of ventilation devices.
Further, the bin body is of a reinforced concrete structure and comprises a horizontal stress wall and a horizontal stress column which are arranged at intervals, and the horizontal stress wall is provided with a plurality of bin gates, a plurality of low-position dispensing flow pipes and a plurality of high-position dispensing flow pipes.
Further, the upper end face of the bin top is provided with a plurality of grain feeding holes, a plurality of groups of grain feeding equipment are arranged in the cavity of the grain feeding equipment, and a group of grain feeding equipment is arranged between adjacent grain feeding holes.
Further, a lifting device is further arranged on the ground around the bin body, and a transfer belt is arranged at the end part of the grain feeding conveyor belt.
Further, the grain loading height of the underground bin body is 3 meters, the grain loading height of the overground bin body is 13 meters, and the total grain loading height is 16 meters.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. compared with the traditional granary, the granary disclosed by the invention has the advantages that: first, the materials differ: the traditional ground bungalow is mainly characterized in that clay bricks are mainly adopted as the bin body of the ground bungalow, and the thickness of the bin body is relatively large (pseudo-ginseng wall and forty-nine walls);
furthermore, the horizontal load transmission paths of grains in the conventional bungalow warehouse are as follows: according to the invention, grain horizontal load is directly transmitted to the bin body of the reinforced concrete wall column structure, and then transmitted to the foundation by the bin body, so that a force transmission path is reduced, the bearing force of the bin body is uniformly dispersed on the foundation, and the stability of the whole structure is improved;
furthermore, the structural forms are different: the traditional overground granary and underground granary are usually of a mixed structure (reinforced concrete-masonry combination), the stress of the structure is a composite of two mechanical theories, and the structure is unfavorable for earthquake resistance.
Finally, breakthrough of the grain filling height: the grain loading height of the conventional bulk flat warehouse is limited by materials and a stress system to be 8 meters at maximum, and the grain loading height of the bulk flat warehouse is 16 meters, so that the grain loading height of the conventional flat warehouse is doubled, and the manufacturing cost is saved.
2. Particularly important, the invention combines the advantages of the overground granary and the underground granary and overcomes the defects of the overground granary and the underground granary, not only ensures that the invention is not limited by the constructed geographical environment, but also ensures that the granary body and the granary foundation positioned under the ground are simultaneously used as structures for dispersing the grain horizontal load in the granary, greatly increases the accommodation capacity of the granary, namely the height and the sectional area of the whole structure can be greatly increased, the cost of the land required to be input per ton of grain storage can be greatly reduced, saves the land, and simultaneously has a beneficial effect on grain quality guarantee by utilizing the lower temperature of the underground surface.
3. In addition, the granary foundation comprises an in-granary terrace stress layer, an in-granary terrace pressing layer and an in-granary terrace construction layer from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the in-granary terrace stress layer is of a reinforced concrete structure, the in-granary terrace pressing layer is of a plain concrete structure, and the in-granary terrace construction layer is of a mortar plastering layer: when the site with higher underground water level is constructed, because the underground water level is higher and the water buoyancy is larger, the traditional design mode is to drive the uplift pile, the invention sets the stress layer of the terrace in the cabin of the reinforced concrete structure at the lowest end, and is matched with the stress reinforcement cage, and the stress reinforcement cage is provided with the stress layer of the terrace in the cabin of plain concrete at the upper end for weighting, and the structure has the advantages that: under the condition of empty bin, the ground floor weight layer in the bin can offset the upward buoyancy of groundwater, and under the condition of full bin, the soil pressure outside the bin can partially offset the action of grain horizontal load in the bin, so that the transformation from adverse factors to beneficial factors is achieved, and meanwhile, as the ground floor weight layer in the bin adopts plain concrete, the consumption of steel bars is saved; the in-bin terrace construction layer is used for leveling a granary foundation;
when the high water level area is built, the stress force transmission path is as follows: when the horizontal load of grains acts on the bin body, most of the load is transmitted to a horizontal stress column poured together with the horizontal stress column through a horizontal stress wall, the small part of the load is directly transmitted to a granary foundation, and the load transmitted to the horizontal stress column is directly transmitted to the granary foundation; (2) When the large-area grain stacking in the granary directly acts on the granary foundation, the bearing capacity of the granary foundation meets the stress requirement after the deep correction, if the granary foundation is in an empty state, the buoyancy on the ground water plays a role in controlling the stress of the structure, and the weight of plain concrete at the top of the granary foundation in the granary plus the self weight of the structure just counteracts the upward water buoyancy, so that the invention is particularly suitable for coastal and inland areas with higher underground water level.
4. According to the structural design of the invention, the grain storage adopts a mode of up-in and down-out, and a fixed conveyor belt can be arranged in a cavity of grain feeding equipment, so that the manual use amount can be reduced, and the post-stage flat bin amount can be reduced; the fixed conveyor belt can be installed in the cavity of the grain discharging equipment, the mechanized discharging degree is improved to the maximum extent, the residual quantity is small, and the discharging manual quantity is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a part of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic left-hand view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the schematic diagram of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the horizontal stress wall of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the horizontal stress column of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the grain bin of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the cartridge body of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a roof according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1-cabin top, 2-cabin inner terrace stress layer, 3-cabin inner terrace weight layer, 4-cabin inner terrace structure layer, 5-ventilation device, 6-grain discharging equipment cavity, 7-blanking pipe, 8-grain discharging channel, 9-motor, 10-grain discharging belt, 11-grain discharging well, 12-lifting device, 13-grain discharging port, 14-horizontal stress wall, 15-horizontal stress column, 16-cabin door, 17-low position distributing flow pipe, 18-high position distributing flow pipe, 19-lower ventilation opening, 20-upper ventilation opening, 21-grain feeding equipment cavity, 22-grain feeding conveying belt and 23-transferring belt.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the whole grain bin comprises a grain bin foundation, a bin body and a bin top 1, wherein the grain bin foundation sequentially comprises a bin inner terrace stress layer 2, a bin inner terrace compression layer 3 and a bin inner terrace construction layer 4 from bottom to top, the bin inner terrace stress layer 2 is of a reinforced concrete structure, the bin inner terrace compression layer 3 is of a plain concrete structure, the bin inner terrace construction layer 4 is of a mortar plastering layer, and the upper end surface of the grain bin foundation is provided with a plurality of ventilation devices 5;
referring to fig. 4 to 7, the bin body comprises a subsurface bin body and an upper bin body, the inner wall of the subsurface bin body is provided with a plurality of grain outlet equipment cavities 6, each grain outlet equipment cavity 6 is communicated with the inside of the grain bin through a blanking pipe 7, adjacent grain outlet equipment cavities 6 are communicated through a grain outlet channel 8, a motor 9 and a grain outlet belt 10 are arranged in each grain outlet equipment cavity 6, the grain outlet channel 8 is also provided with a grain outlet belt 10, as shown in fig. 5, the end parts of the bin bodies on the left side and the right side are respectively provided with a grain outlet well 11, the grain outlet well 11 is communicated with the grain outlet equipment cavities 6 at the end parts, a lifting device 12 is arranged in the grain outlet well 11, grains are intensively conveyed into the lifting device through the grain outlet belt 10 and poured out from a grain outlet 13, the bin body is of a reinforced concrete structure which comprises a horizontal stress wall 14 and a horizontal stress column 15 which are arranged at intervals, and referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the horizontal stress wall 14 is provided with a plurality of bin gates 16, a plurality of low-position distributing flow pipes 17, a plurality of high-position distributing flow pipes 18, a plurality of lower ventilation openings 19 and upper ventilation openings 20;
the bin top 1 is of a slope structure with an inclination angle of 3 degrees, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the upper end surface of the bin top 1 is provided with a plurality of grain inlet holes (not shown) and grain inlet equipment cavities 21, the grain inlet equipment cavities 21 adopt two-truss upper bearing type structures, a plurality of groups of grain inlet equipment are arranged in the grain inlet equipment cavities 21, a group of grain inlet equipment is arranged between adjacent grain inlet holes, and each group of grain inlet equipment comprises a motor 9 and a grain inlet conveying belt 22, so that grains can flow into different positions of a grain bin from different grain inlet holes;
see fig. 7, the ground on one side of the granary is also provided with a set of lifting device 12, after the lifting device 12 lifts the grain to the granary top 1, the grain is conveyed to the grain feeding conveyor belt 22 through the transfer belt 23, and the grain feeding mode of the structural design is as follows: referring to fig. 3 and 4, a small amount of grain can be carried in from the bin gate 16, and when the grain in the grain bin is higher than the bin gate 16, the grain is lifted to the bin top 1 by the lifting device 12 on the ground and is conveyed to different positions of the grain bin by the grain feeding conveyor belt 22; the grain discharging mode is as follows: when more grains are in the granary, the grains are discharged through the high-level discharge flow pipe 18 and the low-level discharge flow pipe 17, when the upper end surface in the granary is lower than the low-level discharge flow pipe 17, the motor 9 drives the grain discharging belt 10 to convey the grains to the grain discharging well 11 at the end part, and finally the grains are discharged from the grain discharging hole 13 through the lifting device 12.
Example two
The present embodiment is basically the same in structure as the first embodiment, except that: as shown in fig. 9, the upper end surface of the bin top 1 is provided with a water collecting tank 24, the bottom of the water collecting tank 24 is provided with a water draining pipeline 25, the inner wall of the water draining pipeline 25 is provided with a spiral rib 26, and the spiral rib 26 of the embodiment is preferably of a multi-section structure; because the overall height of the invention is higher, rainwater can directly fall from the bin top 1 to cause destructive impact on the ground around the granary, the structure can directly drain the rainwater into a ditch on the ground by collecting the rainwater and guiding the rainwater through the drainage pipeline 25, and the spiral ribs 26 in the drainage pipeline 25 can spirally guide the rainwater in the pipe, so that the rainwater is prevented from directly impacting the inner wall of the drainage pipeline 25 and the service life of the drainage pipeline 25 is influenced.
Example III
The present embodiment is basically the same in structure as the first embodiment, except that: as shown in fig. 10, steps 27 (only the steps of the front end face are shown in the figure) are preset on four outer surfaces of the granary body, wherein part of the upper ventilation openings 20 are positioned on the paths of the steps 27, and when the granary is used, the steps 27 can be used for the upper granary and the lower granary, and the temperature and humidity of grains in the granary can be checked through the upper ventilation openings 20, so that the practicability of the granary is effectively improved.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and that other modifications and equivalents thereof by those skilled in the art should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a semi-underground is used for storing multi-functional granary of bulk grain, includes granary basis, the storehouse body and storehouse top (1), its characterized in that: the automatic grain discharging device comprises a bin body and an underground bin body, wherein a plurality of grain discharging device cavities (6) are formed in the inner wall of the underground bin body, each grain discharging device cavity (6) is communicated with the interior of a grain bin through a discharging pipe (7), adjacent grain discharging device cavities (6) are communicated through grain discharging channels (8), grain discharging wells (11) are formed in the end portions of the bin body, the grain discharging wells (11) are communicated with the grain discharging device cavities (6) in the end portions, lifting devices (12) are arranged in the grain discharging wells (11), the bin top (1) is of a slope structure, and grain feeding device cavities (21) are formed in the upper end faces of the bin top (1);
the bin body is of a reinforced concrete structure and comprises horizontal stress walls (14) and horizontal stress columns (15) which are arranged at intervals, a plurality of bin gates (16), a plurality of low-position dispensing flow pipes (17) and a plurality of high-position dispensing flow pipes (18) are arranged on the horizontal stress walls, and the grain outlet channel (8) is positioned in the horizontal stress columns (15).
2. The semi-underground, multi-functional grain bin for storing bulk grain of claim 1, wherein: the granary foundation comprises a granary inner terrace stress layer (2), a granary inner terrace weight layer (3) and a granary inner terrace structure layer (4) from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the granary inner terrace stress layer (2) is of a reinforced concrete structure, the granary inner terrace weight layer (3) is of a plain concrete structure, and the granary inner terrace structure layer (4) is of a mortar plastering layer.
3. The semi-underground, multi-functional grain bin for storing bulk grain of claim 1, wherein: the upper end face of the granary foundation is provided with a plurality of ventilation devices (5).
4. The semi-underground, multi-functional grain bin for storing bulk grain of claim 1, wherein: the upper end face of the bin top (1) is provided with a plurality of grain feeding holes, a plurality of groups of grain feeding equipment are arranged in a grain feeding equipment cavity (21), and a group of grain feeding equipment is arranged between adjacent grain feeding holes.
5. The semi-underground, multi-functional grain bin for storing bulk grain of claim 1, wherein: the grain conveying device is characterized in that a lifting device (12) is further arranged on the ground around the bin body, after grains are lifted to the bin top (1) by the lifting device (12), the grains are conveyed onto a grain feeding conveying belt (22) through a conveying belt (23), and the conveying belt (23) is arranged at the end part of the grain feeding conveying belt (22).
6. The semi-underground, multi-functional grain bin for storing bulk grain of claim 1, wherein: the grain loading height of the underground bin body is 3 meters, the grain loading height of the overground bin body is 13 meters, and the total grain loading height is 16 meters.
CN201710837973.4A 2017-09-18 2017-09-18 Semi-underground multifunctional granary for storing bulk grain Active CN107558784B (en)

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Citations (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB958745A (en) * 1961-12-04 1964-05-27 Continental Oil Co Methods of constructing subterranean storage cavities
CN200957984Y (en) * 2006-10-08 2007-10-10 朱耀平 Discharger of flat-bottomed silo
CN101748920A (en) * 2009-12-09 2010-06-23 河南工业大学 Storied bulk grain warehouse
CN201953105U (en) * 2010-11-22 2011-08-31 青岛田瑞生态科技有限公司 Half underground egg storage warehouse
CN102349400A (en) * 2011-09-05 2012-02-15 山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 Low-temperature resistant ginger storage pit
CN102860185A (en) * 2012-09-18 2013-01-09 河南工业大学 Compound underground grain store with multifunctional passage
CN104164993A (en) * 2014-07-14 2014-11-26 河南工业大学 Horizontal reinforced concrete underground barn
CN204707523U (en) * 2015-04-21 2015-10-21 富阳宏成科技咨询有限公司 A kind of semi-underground type airtight storage storehouse of corn seed
CN106639452A (en) * 2016-10-14 2017-05-10 西华大学 Lightweight-steel-structure grain storing granary
CN206314243U (en) * 2016-12-27 2017-07-11 天津首农东疆牧业有限责任公司 A kind of Multifunction grain access device
CN207194588U (en) * 2017-09-18 2018-04-06 河南工大设计研究院 A kind of new semi-underground silo

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7127854B2 (en) * 2003-02-13 2006-10-31 Hedrick Thomas W Bulk material storage facilities with access chases and/or internal filling structures

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB958745A (en) * 1961-12-04 1964-05-27 Continental Oil Co Methods of constructing subterranean storage cavities
CN200957984Y (en) * 2006-10-08 2007-10-10 朱耀平 Discharger of flat-bottomed silo
CN101748920A (en) * 2009-12-09 2010-06-23 河南工业大学 Storied bulk grain warehouse
CN201953105U (en) * 2010-11-22 2011-08-31 青岛田瑞生态科技有限公司 Half underground egg storage warehouse
CN102349400A (en) * 2011-09-05 2012-02-15 山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 Low-temperature resistant ginger storage pit
CN102860185A (en) * 2012-09-18 2013-01-09 河南工业大学 Compound underground grain store with multifunctional passage
CN104164993A (en) * 2014-07-14 2014-11-26 河南工业大学 Horizontal reinforced concrete underground barn
CN204707523U (en) * 2015-04-21 2015-10-21 富阳宏成科技咨询有限公司 A kind of semi-underground type airtight storage storehouse of corn seed
CN106639452A (en) * 2016-10-14 2017-05-10 西华大学 Lightweight-steel-structure grain storing granary
CN206314243U (en) * 2016-12-27 2017-07-11 天津首农东疆牧业有限责任公司 A kind of Multifunction grain access device
CN207194588U (en) * 2017-09-18 2018-04-06 河南工大设计研究院 A kind of new semi-underground silo

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