CN211340834U - But novel fan basis of self-adaptation stable control - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel fan foundation capable of adaptive and stable control. The foundation includes a forward conical foundation, an inverted conical foundation, an EPS geofoam block and an active adjustment system; the forward conical foundation is located on the upper part of the inverted conical foundation; a rubber layer is arranged outside the inverted conical foundation, and the bottom is provided with a rubber layer. A positive conical groove is provided, and the EPS geofoam block is placed in the groove; the active adjustment system is placed inside the entire foundation. Compared with the traditional gravity foundation, the utility model retains the ability to bear and disperse the load transferred from the upper fan tower and the engine room, and the lower inverted cone foundation and EPS material filling increase the contact between the foundation and the soil, and further The bearing capacity of the soil is exerted, and the rubber layer can improve the rotation of the fan; the active adjustment system balances the overturning moment of the upper fan tower and the engine room on the top surface of the foundation by controlling the distribution of water; and the foundation uses less concrete and is economical; the structure is stable , high reliability and broad application prospects.

Description

A new type of fan base with adaptive and stable control

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of new foundation design, installation engineering and blower control system for onshore wind turbines, and relates to a new type of wind turbine foundation capable of self-adaptive and stable control.

Background technique

Today's world's energy consumption and the greenhouse effect have attracted more and more attention from the world. Therefore, the energy industry has begun to develop in the direction of cleanness and reuse, and wind power generation has emerged as the times require. At present, the power generation capacity of the built wind power plants in the world is 470GW, and 436.7GW of electricity comes from onshore wind farms, accounting for 97% of the total power generation. It can be seen that onshore wind power plays a leading role in wind power generation. Mainland China is vast and rich in resources and has abundant onshore wind energy resources, with an average wind energy density of 100W/m ² , especially in China's inland areas such as Northeast China, North China, and Northwest China, which have abundant wind energy resources. By the end of 2016, China had become the world's largest onshore wind power generation country, with a total onshore power generation capacity of 168.73GW, accounting for 36% of the world's onshore wind power output. With an electrical capacity of 90GW, the cumulative onshore wind capacity is expected to reach 200GW in 2020, 400GW in 2030 and 1000GW in 2050.

The existing onshore wind turbine foundation forms include gravity expansion foundation, beam-slab foundation, rock bolt foundation, and PH foundation. The advantages of the traditional gravity expansion foundation are that its formwork is easy to support, the construction speed is fast, and it is suitable for all land sites. Compared with the gravity expansion foundation, the concrete consumption of the beam-slab foundation is greatly reduced, and it is suitable for all land sites, but there are still large amount of foundation earthwork, inconvenient on-site construction, difficulty in formwork installation, too small spacing between steel bars, and it is not easy to vibrate the concrete. The disadvantage of compactness; the advantage of the rock bolt foundation is that the bearing capacity of the bedrock can be fully used, and the amount of concrete and steel bars of the foundation can be significantly reduced, but it also has the disadvantage of insufficient anti-corrosion ability of the rock bolt, and the foundation has potential safety hazards. The requirements for geological investigation are relatively high, and the applicability is relatively narrow, and it is only suitable for rock foundations; the advantages of PH foundation are low cost, no cumbersome steel bar binding works, and fast construction speed, but there are disadvantages that prestressed materials and corrugated cylinders are not easy to purchase design. It is necessary to consider the plastic properties of the soil, and the corrosion problem of the anchor bolts has not been solved, there is a potential safety hazard, and the replacement cost of the anchor bolts after fracture is high.

Today, when the wind power industry is in full swing, onshore wind power needs more technical improvement and cost reduction behind the industrialization. Generally, the service life of wind turbines is 20 to 25 years, but the use of wind turbine foundations will far exceed that of upper parts. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the reliability of the foundation, it is necessary to reduce the production cost of the foundation.

The self-adaptive and stable control fan foundation of the utility model has the characteristics of low cost and strong reliability, and can ensure that the foundation can bear the load generated by larger fan components and ensure reliability after the subsequent unit replacement, and does not require The foundation is replaced due to the replacement of the upper components, and its structure is simple, easy to design and produce, convenient to transport, and highly economical, which is in line with the current concept of green and low carbon.

Utility model content

The utility model proposes a new type of fan foundation capable of adaptive and stable control, aiming at the defects of large excavation of foundation pits, large amount of reinforced concrete and single structural form of the existing onshore fan base form. The main purpose of the utility model is to reduce the amount and size of the base material and improve the durability of the base.

The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A new type of fan foundation with adaptive stability control includes a forward conical foundation, an inverted conical foundation, an EPS geofoam block and an active adjustment system; the positive conical foundation is located on the upper part of the inverted conical foundation, and the A rubber layer is arranged on the outside of the inverted conical foundation, and a positive conical groove is reserved at the bottom. The positive conical groove is a structure with a small upper part and a large lower part; the EPS geofoam block is placed in the positive cone The active adjustment system is placed inside the entire foundation, and prestressed anchor bolts are arranged on the top of the positive conical foundation to connect the foundation and the fan tower and provide prestress for the foundation concrete, so that the foundation The concrete is compressed to prevent it from cracking under tension and increase its durability; the positive cone foundation is a structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, and the inverted cone foundation is a structure with a large upper part and a small lower part.

In the above technical solution, further, the forward cone base is an integrated structure composed of a cylinder and a truncated cone, the cylinder is located at the top of the truncated cone, and the radius of the cylinder is the same as the radius of the top surface of the truncated cone.

Further, the radius of the top surface of the inverted tapered foundation is the same as the radius of the bottom surface of the forward tapered foundation.

Further, the shape of the EPS geofoam block and the forward conical groove of the inverted conical foundation are the same, and the two are closely attached.

Further, the construction and placement process of the EPS geofoam block is: firstly cut the EPS geofoam block according to the size of the positive conical groove, then lay dry-mixed cement mortar at the bottom of the foundation, and finally place the EPS geofoam block. In the positive conical groove; the EPS geofoam block and the construction base are connected by L-shaped metal pins, and the L-shaped metal pins are inserted into the construction base to a depth of not less than 20cm. After the EPS geofoam blocks are placed The bottom adopts C10~C25 fine stone concrete for dense connection.

Further, the length of the prestressed anchor bolt is 2-4m, and the diameter is determined according to the annual average wind speed of different wind farms; the wall thickness of the rubber layer is 3-6cm, and the setting method is: grading the ground on the ground. After completion, lay the foundation on the slope and place the foundation on the rubber layer.

Further, the active adjustment system includes a control system and 4 water tanks, a water suction and discharge device is arranged between two adjacent water tanks, each device contains a number of motors (1 for standby, others are used normally), a number of valves and catheter.

Further, the total volume of water in the active adjustment system is 1.2 times the volume of a single water tank (1.2 is a safety factor to avoid ensuring that the water tank has sufficient water and allow a certain loss of water), and the active adjustment The control system in the system can accept the signals from the wind speed and wind direction sensors of the yaw system of the upper fan unit, and issue instructions to adjust the distribution of water in the water tank according to the signals.

Further, the specific method for the active adjustment system to adjust the water in the water tank is: adjusting the distribution of the water mainly depends on the wind direction and wind speed, when the wind speed is less than the cut-in speed of the fan, the control system uses the motor, the duct, and the valve to equalize the level of water. Distributed in four water tanks; when the wind speed is greater than the cut-in wind speed of the fan, the control system will determine the wind direction interval according to the signal of the wind direction sensor, and then distribute the water in each water tank according to the wind direction interval, (the water is regarded as a movable load, distributed in the windward direction balance or reduce the upper overturning moment in the surface tank). The fan cut-in speed is determined when the fan manufacturer customizes the impeller and yaw rotation system.

Further, the pumping rate of the motor in the active regulation system is 0.2-0.4 m ³ /s, and the transport time of water between adjacent water tanks is 2-2.5 minutes. The water transfer time is 4 to 6 minutes, compared with the nacelle rotation speed of the yaw system of 0.5°/s, that is, it takes at least 6 minutes for the upper fan unit (blade, nacelle) to rotate 180°, and the lower active adjustment system has sufficient capacity. Time to complete the transfer and distribution of water in the tank.

The utility model has the following advantages:

The upper part retains the traditional gravity foundation form, which can bear and disperse the load transmitted by the upper fan tower, nacelle and impeller, avoiding stress concentration in the foundation;

Compared with the traditional fan foundation, the lower part adopts the inverted cone structure, which increases the lateral contact area between the soil and the foundation, gives full play to the bearing capacity of the soil, and further improves the resistance to horizontal sliding of the foundation. Consistent, saving the amount of landfill and reducing the construction workload;

The EPS geofoam block at the bottom is widely used in highway foundations, eliminating the need for the production of soil tires in traditional construction, greatly reducing the amount of foundation concrete and construction difficulty, and has light weight, high strength, strong chemical stability and Water stability, good mechanical properties, high interfacial friction coefficient, placed on the inside of the foundation to further increase the contact with the foundation, improve the vertical bearing capacity of the foundation, and the construction is simple and convenient, and the economy is good;

The water tank and the active adjustment system can reduce the huge overturning moment transmitted by the upper components of the fan during normal operation by adjusting the distribution of water, reduce the amount of steel bars and concrete for the foundation, thereby reducing the cost, and improving the durability of the foundation. It can be used for a long time and is in line with sustainable development;

The interface friction coefficient between the rubber layer and the soil and foundation is larger than that between the foundation and the soil, which can effectively reduce the rotation of the fan foundation; the prestressed anchors apply prestressing, which makes the concrete under the tower foundation in tension and improves the overall bearing capacity , durability and fatigue resistance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the foundation of the utility model;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the water tank and the control system;

Figure 3 is a detailed view of the standard line and the reference angle of the water tank;

Figure 4 is a comparison diagram of the load mechanism of the basic control system with or without active adjustment; (a) before adjustment, (b) after adjustment;

Among them, 1 is the positive cone foundation, 2 is the inverted cone foundation, 3 is the EPS geofoam block, 4 is the active adjustment system, 5 is the rubber layer, 6 is the prestressed anchor bolt, 7 is the water tank, 8 is the motor, 9 is a valve and 10 is a conduit.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the technical scheme of the present utility model is further described:

Referring to FIG. 1 , a new type of fan foundation capable of adaptive and stable control of the present invention is composed of a positive conical foundation 1, an inverted conical foundation 2, an EPS geofoam block 3, an active adjustment system 4, and an external rubber layer 5. and prestressed anchor bolts 6; the forward conical foundation 1 is located on the upper part of the inverted conical foundation 2, and the EPS geofoam block is placed in the positive conical groove at the bottom of the inverted conical foundation 2, which is connected with the inverted conical foundation 2. 2 In close contact, the positive conical groove is a structure with a small upper part and a large lower part; the active adjustment system 4 is placed inside the entire foundation, and the water in the water tank is adjusted through the sensor and control system, and a rubber layer is arranged outside the inverted conical foundation 2 5. A prestressed anchor bolt 6 is arranged on the top of the foundation. The forward conical foundation 1 is a structure with a small upper and a large lower, and the inverted tapered foundation 2 is a structure with a large upper and a small lower.

Specifically:

The positive conical foundation 1 is an integrated structure composed of a cylinder and a truncated cone. The cylinder is located at the top of the truncated truncated cone. The radius of the cylinder is 3 m and the height is 0.65 m. 8m with a height of 1.5m.

The radius of the top surface of the inverted conical foundation 2 is 8m, the radius of the bottom surface is 5m, and the height is 2.5m.

The EPS geofoam block 3 is located in the forward conical groove of the inverted cone foundation 2, with a top radius of 2m, a bottom radius of 3m, and a height of 2.5m;

The construction and placement process of the EPS geofoam block 3 is as follows: cutting the EPS geofoam block according to the size requirements - laying dry-mixed cement mortar at the bottom of the foundation pit - placing the EPS geofoam block in a forward conical groove.

The EPS geofoam block 3 and the construction base are connected by L-shaped metal pins, and the depth of the pins inserted into the construction base is not less than 20cm. After the EPS geofoam block 3 is placed, the bottom adopts C10-C25 fine stone concrete Solid connection.

The rubber layer 5 is located on the outside of the inverted conical foundation, with a wall thickness of 3-6 cm. After the foundation is grading, it is laid on the slope and then the foundation is placed on the rubber layer.

The prestressed anchor bolts 6 are 2-4m long, and the diameter is determined according to the annual average wind speed of different wind farms. Cracking under tension, increasing its durability.

Referring to Figures 2, 3 and Table 1, the new onshore fan base of the present invention is an active adjustment system for resisting overturning moment. The active adjustment system 4 contains four water tanks 7, and a water suction and discharge device is arranged between two adjacent water tanks. , each device contains 8 motors 8 (1 spare, 7 normal use), a number of valves 9, conduits 10, used to transfer the water in the water tank 7, and equipped with a control system to receive signals and issue suction and discharge water instruction.

Specifically:

The total volume of water in the active adjustment system 4 is 1.2 times the volume of a single water tank, about 240 m ³ (1.2 is a safety factor, to avoid ensuring that the water tank 7 has sufficient water, allowing a certain loss of water).

The control system in the active adjustment system 4 can receive the signals from the wind speed and wind direction sensors of the yaw system of the fan unit, and issue instructions for adjusting the distribution of water in the water tank 7 through the signals.

The distribution of the water in the water tank 7 in the described active adjustment system 4 mainly depends on the wind direction and wind speed. When the wind speed is less than the blow-in speed of the fan, the control system distributes the water evenly in the four water tanks 7 through the motor 8, the valve 9 and the conduit 10. Among them; when the wind speed is greater than the cut-in wind speed of the fan, the control system will determine the wind direction interval according to the wind direction, and then distribute the water to each corresponding water tank 7 according to the wind direction interval (the water is regarded as a movable load, and it is distributed in the windward side water tank to reduce the foundation. The overturning moment of the top surface), the specific distribution details are shown in Figure 4 and Table 1.

Table 1 Distribution of water in the water tank in different wind directions

The angle between the cabin and the standard line water distribution 0°～22.5° and 337.5°～360° water tank 1 22.5°～67.5° Tank 1 + Tank 2 67.5°～112.5° water tank 2 112.5°～157.5° Tank 2 + Tank 3 157.5°～202.5° water tank 3 202.5°～247.5° Tank 3 + Tank 4 247.5°～292.5° water tank 4 292.5°～337.5° Tank 4 + Tank 1

The water pumping rate of the motor 8 in the active adjustment system 4 is equal to 0.2-0.4 m ³ /s, the water transport time between adjacent water tanks 7 is 2-2.5 minutes, and the relative water transport time between the water tanks 7 is 4 minutes to 6 minutes, compared with the nacelle rotation speed of the yaw system of 0.5°/s, that is, the upper fan unit (impeller, nacelle) needs at least 6 minutes to rotate 180°, and the lower active adjustment system has sufficient time to complete the water in the water tank 7. transmission and distribution.

Claims (8)

1. A novel fan foundation capable of adaptive and stable control, characterized in that it comprises a positive conical foundation (1), an inverted conical foundation (2), an EPS geofoam block (3) and an active adjustment system (4) ; Described positive conical foundation (1) is located in the upper part of the inverted conical foundation (2); The described inverted conical foundation (2) is provided with a rubber layer (5) outside, and the bottom is provided with a positive conical groove, the The positive conical groove is a structure with a small top and a large bottom; the EPS geofoam block (3) is located in the positive conical groove; the active adjustment system (4) is located inside the entire foundation; The top of the positive conical foundation (1) is provided with prestressed anchor bolts (6), which are used to connect the foundation with the fan tower and provide prestressing for the foundation concrete; the positive conical foundation (1) is small at the top and large at the bottom The structure of the inverted tapered foundation (2) is a structure with a large upper and a smaller lower. 2. The new fan foundation with adaptive and stable control according to claim 1, characterized in that, the positive conical foundation (1) is an integrated structure composed of a cylinder and a truncated cone, and the cylinder is located in the The top of the cone, and the radius of the cylinder is the same as the radius of the top of the cone. 3. The new fan foundation capable of adaptive and stable control according to claim 1, characterized in that the radius of the top surface of the inverted conical foundation (2) is the same as the radius of the bottom surface of the forward conical foundation (1). same. 4. The new fan foundation with adaptive and stable control according to claim 1, characterized in that, the shape of the forward conical groove of the EPS geofoam block (3) and the inverted conical foundation (2) the same, and the two are closely related. 5. The new fan foundation capable of adaptive and stable control according to claim 1, wherein the EPS geofoam block (3) and the construction base are connected by L-shaped metal pins, and the L-shaped metal The depth of the dowel inserted into the construction base surface shall not be less than 20cm, and the bottom of the EPS geofoam block (3) shall be tightly connected with C10-C25 fine stone concrete. 6 . The new fan foundation with adaptive and stable control according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the rubber layer ( 5 ) is 3-6 cm, and the length of the prestressed anchor bolt ( 6 ) is 6 . 2 to 4m. 7. The novel fan foundation with adaptive and stable control according to claim 1, characterized in that the active adjustment system (4) comprises a control system and four water tanks (7), between two adjacent water tanks There are suction and water discharge devices, each device contains several motors (8), several valves (9) and conduits (10), and one of the motors is a backup motor. 8 . The new fan base with adaptive and stable control according to claim 7 , wherein the total volume of water in the active adjustment system ( 4 ) is 1.2 times the volume of a single water tank. 9 .

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